The Roman Empire's presence is felt throughout the New Testament, with its leaders wielding significant power over the Jewish people. In the Gospels, Jesus teaches His followers to "render to Caesar the things that are Caesar's" (Mark 12:17, Matthew 22:21, Luke 20:25), indicating a distinction between earthly and divine authority. The denarius, a coin issued by the Roman authorities, is used by Jesus to illustrate this point, as seen in Mark 12:16. Although Julius Caesar himself is not directly mentioned, his legacy and the empire he founded play a significant role in the biblical narrative, ultimately serving as a backdrop for the revelation of God's plan, as revealed to Jesus Christ in Revelation 1:1.
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Then Jesus told them, “Give to Caesar what is Caesar’s, and to God what is God’s.” And they marveled at Him.
“Caesar’s,” they answered. So Jesus told them, “Give to Caesar what is Caesar’s, and to God what is God’s.”
So they brought it, and He asked them, “Whose image is this? And whose inscription?” “Caesar’s,” they answered.
This is the revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave Him to show His servants what must soon come to pass. He made it known by sending His angel to His servant John,