Ezekiel 16
BSB1 Again the word of the LORD came to me, saying, 2 “Son of man, confront Jerusalem with her abominations 3 and tell her that this is what the Lord GOD says to Jerusalem: Your origin and your birth were in the land of the Canaanites. Your father was an Amorite and your mother a Hittite. 4 On the day of your birth your cord was not cut, nor were you washed with water for cleansing. You were not rubbed with salt or wrapped in cloths. 5 No one cared enough for you to do even one of these things out of compassion for you. Instead, you were thrown out into the open field, because you were despised on the day of your birth. 6 Then I passed by and saw you wallowing in your blood, and as you lay there in your blood I said to you, ‘Live!’ There I said to you, ‘Live!’ 7 I made you thrive like a plant of the field. You grew up and matured and became very beautiful. Your breasts were formed and your hair grew, but you were naked and bare. 8 Then I passed by and saw you, and you were indeed old enough for love. So I spread My cloak over you and covered your nakedness. I pledged Myself to you, entered into a covenant with you, and you became Mine, declares the Lord GOD. 9 Then I bathed you with water, rinsed off your blood, and anointed you with oil. 10 I clothed you in embroidered cloth and gave you sandals of fine leather. I wrapped you in fine linen and covered you with silk. 11 I adorned you with jewelry, and I put bracelets on your wrists and a chain around your neck. 12 I put a ring in your nose, earrings on your ears, and a beautiful crown upon your head. 13 So you were adorned with gold and silver, and your clothing was made of fine linen, silk, and embroidered cloth. You ate fine flour, honey, and oil. You became very beautiful and rose to be queen. 14 Your fame spread among the nations on account of your beauty, for it was perfect in the splendor I bestowed on you, declares the Lord GOD. 15 But because of your fame, you trusted in your beauty and played the harlot. You lavished your favors on everyone who passed by, and your beauty was theirs for the asking. 16 You took some of your garments and made colorful high places for yourself, and on them you prostituted yourself. Such things should not have happened; never should they have occurred! 17 You also took the fine jewelry of gold and silver I had given you, and you made male idols with which to prostitute yourself. 18 You took your embroidered garments to cover them, and you set My oil and incense before them. 19 And you set before them as a pleasing aroma the food I had given you—the fine flour, oil, and honey that I had fed you. That is what happened, declares the Lord GOD. 20 You even took the sons and daughters you bore to Me and sacrificed them as food to idols. Was your prostitution not enough? 21 You slaughtered My children and delivered them up through the fire to idols. 22 And in all your abominations and acts of prostitution, you did not remember the days of your youth when you were naked and bare, wallowing in your own blood. 23 Woe! Woe to you, declares the Lord GOD. And in addition to all your other wickedness, 24 you built yourself a mound and made yourself a lofty shrine in every public square. 25 At the head of every street you built your lofty shrines and degraded your beauty. With increasing promiscuity, you spread your legs to all who passed by. 26 You prostituted yourself with your lustful neighbors, the Egyptians, and increased your promiscuity to provoke Me to anger. 27 Therefore I stretched out My hand against you and reduced your portion. I gave you over to the desire of those who hate you, the daughters of the Philistines, who were ashamed of your lewd conduct. 28 Then you prostituted yourself with the Assyrians, because you were not yet satisfied. Even after that, you were still not satisfied. 29 So you extended your promiscuity to Chaldea, the land of merchants—but even with this you were not satisfied! 30 How weak-willed is your heart, declares the Lord GOD, while you do all these things, the acts of a shameless prostitute! 31 But when you built your mounds at the head of every street and made your lofty shrines in every public square, you were not even like a prostitute, because you scorned payment. 32 You adulterous wife! You receive strangers instead of your own husband! 33 Men give gifts to all their prostitutes, but you gave gifts to all your lovers. You bribed them to come to you from everywhere for your illicit favors. 34 So your prostitution is the opposite of that of other women: No one solicited your favors, and you paid a fee instead of receiving one; so you are the very opposite! 35 Therefore, O prostitute, hear the word of the LORD! 36 This is what the Lord GOD says: Because you poured out your wealth and exposed your nakedness in your promiscuity with your lovers and with all your detestable idols, and because of the blood of your children which you gave to them, 37 therefore I will surely gather all the lovers with whom you found pleasure, all those you loved and all those you hated. I will gather them against you from all around and expose you before them, and they will see you completely naked. 38 And I will sentence you to the punishment of women who commit adultery and those who shed blood; so I will bring upon you the wrath of your bloodshed and jealousy. 39 Then I will deliver you into the hands of your lovers, and they will level your mounds and tear down your lofty shrines. They will strip off your clothes, take your fine jewelry, and leave you naked and bare. 40 They will bring a mob against you, who will stone you and cut you to pieces with their swords. 41 Then they will burn down your houses and execute judgment against you in the sight of many women. I will put an end to your prostitution, and you will never again pay your lovers. 42 So I will lay to rest My wrath against you, and My jealousy will turn away from you. Then I will be calm and no longer angry. 43 Because you did not remember the days of your youth, but enraged Me with all these things, I will surely bring your deeds down upon your own head, declares the Lord GOD. Have you not committed this lewdness on top of all your other abominations? 44 Behold, all who speak in proverbs will quote this proverb about you: ‘Like mother, like daughter.’ 45 You are the daughter of your mother, who despised her husband and children. You are the sister of your sisters, who despised their husbands and children. Your mother was a Hittite and your father an Amorite. 46 Your older sister was Samaria, who lived with her daughters to your north; and your younger sister was Sodom, who lived with her daughters to your south. 47 And you not only walked in their ways and practiced their abominations, but soon you were more depraved than they were. 48 As surely as I live, declares the Lord GOD, your sister Sodom and her daughters never did as you and your daughters have done. 49 Now this was the iniquity of your sister Sodom: She and her daughters were arrogant, overfed, and complacent; they did not help the poor and needy. 50 Thus they were haughty and committed abominations before Me. Therefore I removed them, as you have seen. 51 Furthermore, Samaria did not commit half the sins you did. You have multiplied your abominations beyond theirs, and all the abominations you have committed have made your sisters appear righteous. 52 So now you must bear your disgrace, since you have brought justification for your sisters. For they appear more righteous than you, because your sins were more vile than theirs. So you too must bear your shame and disgrace, since you have made your sisters appear righteous. 53 But I will restore Sodom and her daughters from captivity, as well as Samaria and her daughters. And I will restore you along with them. 54 So you will bear your disgrace and be ashamed of all you did to comfort them. 55 And your sisters, Sodom with her daughters and Samaria with her daughters, will return to their former state. You and your daughters will also return to your former state. 56 Did you not treat your sister Sodom as an object of scorn in the day of your pride, 57 before your wickedness was uncovered? Even so, you are now scorned by the daughters of Edom and all those around her, and by the daughters of the Philistines—all those around you who despise you. 58 You will bear the consequences of your lewdness and your abominations, declares the LORD. 59 For this is what the Lord GOD says: I will deal with you according to your deeds, since you have despised the oath by breaking the covenant. 60 But I will remember the covenant I made with you in the days of your youth, and I will establish an everlasting covenant with you. 61 Then you will remember your ways and be ashamed when you receive your older and younger sisters. I will give them to you as daughters, but not because of My covenant with you. 62 So I will establish My covenant with you, and you will know that I am the LORD, 63 so that when I make atonement for all you have done, you will remember and be ashamed and never again open your mouth because of your disgrace, declares the Lord GOD."
Study Notes — Ezekiel 16
- Chapter Summary
- Context for the Chapter
- Heart Application
- What Does This Chapter Mean?
- Voices from the Church
- Outline for Preaching
- Core Doctrines
- Lessons from Ezekiel 16
- Themes from Ezekiel 16
- Questions for Meditation
- Detailed Chapter Outline
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Top Cross References
- Sermons on Ezekiel 16
- Matthew Henry Commentary
- What Do You Notice?
Chapter Summary
The chapter begins with God's declaration of Israel's origin and His gracious election of her as His bride, highlighting her initial faithfulness and beauty (Ezekiel 16:1-14). However, Israel soon turns to idolatry and spiritual adultery, forsaking her covenant with God and profaning His holy name among the nations (Ezekiel 16:15-34). Despite this, God remains faithful, promising to restore Israel to her former glory and to establish an everlasting covenant with her (Ezekiel 16:35-63). The chapter concludes with a call to repentance, emphasizing God's justice and mercy.
Context for the Chapter
Ezekiel 16 is part of the larger prophetic narrative in the book of Ezekiel, which emphasizes God's judgment and restoration of Israel. The chapter is situated within the historical context of the Babylonian exile, where Israel is being judged for her sins. The themes of covenant, faithfulness, and redemption in Ezekiel 16 are connected to the larger biblical narrative, particularly in the books of Exodus, Deuteronomy, and the New Testament.
Heart Application
As we reflect on Ezekiel 16, we are reminded of God's enduring love and faithfulness, despite our own unfaithfulness. We are called to repentance, acknowledging our sin and turning to God in humility. May we cherish our covenant with God, seeking to honor and obey Him, and may we trust in His promise of restoration and redemption.
What Does This Chapter Mean?
Ezekiel 16 is a chapter about God's relationship with Israel, comparing it to a marriage. Israel was chosen by God and initially faithful, but soon turned to idolatry and spiritual adultery. Despite this, God remains faithful and promises to restore Israel to her former glory. This chapter teaches us about God's love, faithfulness, and redemption, as seen in Ezekiel 16:8 and 60-63.
Voices from the Church
“The Lord, in this passage, sets forth the ingratitude of the Israelites, who, after having been treated with such kindness, had fallen into the most grievous idolatry.”
— John Calvin
“The covenant which God makes with His people is a covenant of grace, and not of works; it is a covenant which He makes with them, not because of their merits, but because of His own mercy.”
— Charles Spurgeon
Outline for Preaching
- Introduction to the Allegory (Ezekiel 16:1-5) — God describes Israel's origin and His gracious election of her as His bride.
- Israel's Faithfulness and Beauty (Ezekiel 16:6-14) — God highlights Israel's initial faithfulness and beauty, symbolizing her covenant with Him.
- Israel's Unfaithfulness and Idolatry (Ezekiel 16:15-34) — Israel turns to idolatry and spiritual adultery, forsaking God's covenant and profaning His holy name.
- God's Judgment and Restoration (Ezekiel 16:35-63) — God promises to judge Israel for her sins, but also to restore her to her former glory and establish an everlasting covenant with her.
- Conclusion and Call to Repentance (Ezekiel 16:60-63) — God emphasizes His faithfulness and love, calling Israel to repentance and promising to restore her to her former glory.
Core Doctrines
- Covenant Theology
- Ezekiel 16 teaches us about the covenant between God and Israel, emphasizing God's faithfulness and love. This covenant is a central theme in the Bible, highlighting God's relationship with His people.
- Original Sin
- The chapter illustrates the concept of original sin, as Israel's rebellion against God is a testament to humanity's inherent sinfulness.
- Redemption
- Ezekiel 16 highlights God's promise of redemption, as He promises to restore Israel to her former glory and establish an everlasting covenant with her.
- Faithfulness of God
- The chapter emphasizes God's enduring faithfulness, despite Israel's unfaithfulness, demonstrating His love and commitment to His people.
Lessons from Ezekiel 16
- God's Faithfulness — Ezekiel 16 teaches us about God's enduring faithfulness, despite our unfaithfulness. This lesson is evident in Ezekiel 16:8, where God initiates the covenant with Israel.
- Consequences of Sin — The chapter highlights the severe consequences of sin, including judgment and exile. This lesson is seen in Ezekiel 16:35-43, where God judges Israel for her sins.
- Importance of Repentance — The chapter emphasizes the importance of repentance, calling us to turn to God in humility. This lesson is evident in Ezekiel 16:60-63, where God promises to restore Israel to her former glory.
- God's Love and Redemption — Ezekiel 16 teaches us about God's love and redemption, as He promises to restore Israel to her former glory. This lesson is seen in Ezekiel 16:8 and 60-63, where God's love and faithfulness are highlighted.
- Covenant and Faithfulness — The chapter emphasizes the importance of covenant and faithfulness, highlighting God's commitment to His people. This lesson is evident in Ezekiel 16:8, where God initiates the covenant with Israel.
Themes from Ezekiel 16
- Covenant — The chapter emphasizes the covenant between God and Israel, highlighting God's faithfulness and love. This theme is central to the Bible, illustrating God's relationship with His people.
- Faithfulness — Ezekiel 16 teaches us about God's enduring faithfulness, despite Israel's unfaithfulness. This theme is evident in Ezekiel 16:8, where God initiates the covenant with Israel.
- Redemption — The chapter highlights God's promise of redemption, as He promises to restore Israel to her former glory. This theme is seen in Ezekiel 16:60-63, where God's love and faithfulness are highlighted.
- Idolatry — Israel's idolatry and spiritual adultery are condemned, emphasizing the importance of worshiping God alone. This theme is evident in Ezekiel 16:15-34, where Israel's sin is described in detail.
- Restoration — God promises to restore Israel to her former glory, emphasizing His love and faithfulness. This theme is seen in Ezekiel 16:60-63, where God's promise of restoration is highlighted.
Questions for Meditation
- What does the marriage allegory in Ezekiel 16 reveal about God's relationship with Israel?
- How does Israel's unfaithfulness in Ezekiel 16:15-34 reflect the human condition?
- What does God's promise of restoration in Ezekiel 16:60-63 teach us about His character?
- How can we apply the themes of covenant, faithfulness, and redemption in Ezekiel 16 to our own lives?
- What does the chapter teach us about the consequences of sin and the importance of repentance?
Detailed Chapter Outline
1. Introduction to the Allegory (Ezekiel 16:1-5)
| 16:1 | God begins the allegory, comparing His relationship with Israel to a marriage. |
| 16:2 | Israel is called to acknowledge her abominations, highlighting her sin and rebellion against God. |
2. Israel's Faithfulness and Beauty (Ezekiel 16:6-14)
| 16:6 | God finds Israel in a state of distress and takes her as His own, symbolizing His love and care. |
| 16:7 | Israel grows and flourishes under God's care, highlighting her beauty and faithfulness. |
3. Israel's Unfaithfulness and Idolatry (Ezekiel 16:15-34)
| 16:15 | Israel turns to idolatry and spiritual adultery, forsaking God's covenant and profaning His holy name. |
| 16:20 | Israel sacrifices her children to idols, highlighting the severity of her sin and rebellion against God. |
4. God's Judgment and Restoration (Ezekiel 16:35-63)
| 16:35 | God promises to judge Israel for her sins, highlighting the consequences of her rebellion. |
| 16:60 | God promises to restore Israel to her former glory, establishing an everlasting covenant with her. |
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the significance of the marriage allegory in Ezekiel 16?
The marriage allegory in Ezekiel 16 illustrates God's relationship with Israel, highlighting His faithfulness and love. It also prefigures the relationship between Christ and the Church, as seen in Ephesians 5:25-33.
What does Israel's unfaithfulness in Ezekiel 16:15-34 teach us about human nature?
Israel's unfaithfulness in Ezekiel 16:15-34 teaches us about the human condition, highlighting our tendency to rebel against God and turn to idolatry. This theme is evident in Romans 3:23, where it is written that all have sinned and fall short of God's glory.
How does God's promise of restoration in Ezekiel 16:60-63 relate to the New Testament?
God's promise of restoration in Ezekiel 16:60-63 is fulfilled in Christ, who establishes a new and eternal covenant with His people. This theme is seen in Hebrews 8:6-13, where the author highlights the superiority of the new covenant.
Top Cross References
| Reference | Connection | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ezekiel 16:8 → Ephesians 5:25-33 | The marriage allegory in Ezekiel 16 prefigures the relationship between Christ and the Church, highlighting God's love and faithfulness. |
| 2 | Ezekiel 16:15 → Romans 1:21-25 | Israel's idolatry and spiritual adultery in Ezekiel 16:15-34 are echoed in Romans 1:21-25, where the apostle Paul describes humanity's rebellion against God. |
| 3 | Ezekiel 16:20 → Psalm 106:37-38 | The sacrifice of children to idols in Ezekiel 16:20 is also mentioned in Psalm 106:37-38, highlighting the severity of Israel's sin. |
| 4 | Ezekiel 16:35 → Deuteronomy 28:15-68 | God's judgment of Israel in Ezekiel 16:35-43 is reminiscent of the curses listed in Deuteronomy 28:15-68, highlighting the consequences of disobedience. |
| 5 | Ezekiel 16:60 → Hebrews 8:6-13 | God's promise of restoration in Ezekiel 16:60-63 is fulfilled in Christ, who establishes a new and eternal covenant with His people. |
| 6 | Ezekiel 16:8 → John 1:1 | The theme of God's love and faithfulness in Ezekiel 16:8 is echoed in John 1:1, where the apostle John describes God's love for the world. |
| 7 | Ezekiel 16:15 → Isaiah 1:1 | Israel's idolatry and spiritual adultery in Ezekiel 16:15-34 are also described in Isaiah 1:1, where the prophet Isaiah condemns Israel's sin. |
| 8 | Ezekiel 16:20 → Matthew 15:1-9 | The sacrifice of children to idols in Ezekiel 16:20 is also mentioned in Matthew 15:1-9, where Jesus condemns the Pharisees for their hypocrisy. |
| 9 | Ezekiel 16:35 → Leviticus 26:14-46 | God's judgment of Israel in Ezekiel 16:35-43 is reminiscent of the curses listed in Leviticus 26:14-46, highlighting the consequences of disobedience. |
| 10 | Ezekiel 16:60 → Revelation 21:9 | God's promise of restoration in Ezekiel 16:60-63 is fulfilled in the new heaven and the new earth, where God dwells with His people forever. |
Sermons on Ezekiel 16
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
|
(Dominican Republic) the Great and Final Apostasy by David Wilkerson | In this sermon, the preacher begins by warning against viewing the Bible as a means to gain material wealth. He emphasizes the importance of staying away from apostasy and turning |
|
God's Heart for America by Derek Prince | In this sermon, the speaker challenges the audience to take action and not be complacent in the state of the nation. He criticizes churches that make it easy for people to attend w |
|
Arrogant, Overfed, and Unconcerned by Jackie Pullinger | In this sermon, the speaker shares a story about a young girl named Karen who faces many challenges in her life. Despite her difficult circumstances, Karen takes on responsibilitie |
|
The Great and Final Apostasy by David Wilkerson | In this sermon, the preacher expresses his concern about the state of the church of Jesus Christ and its departure from its foundational principles. He draws a parallel between the |
|
(Mount Vernon) the Creation in Genesis by Keith Daniel | In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the greatness and sovereignty of God, using the creation of the sun and moon as an example. He quotes verses from Genesis, John, and Romans |
|
Sodom's Sister by David Wilkerson | In this sermon, the speaker begins by expressing his initial desire to bring a cheerful and uplifting message, but instead finds himself drawn to the 16th chapter of Ezekiel. He em |
|
Apostasia en La Iglesia by David Wilkerson | This sermon is a prophetic message addressing the great final apostasy in the church, drawing parallels between the apostasy of Israel in the Old Testament and the current state of |
|
The Apostasy - the Remnant Part 2 by David Wilkerson | This sermon emphasizes the importance of being watchmen and warning others of impending spiritual dangers to avoid having blood on our hands. It speaks of a remnant that will turn |
|
Shocking Sins of Sodom and the American Church (Clip) by Steve Hill | This sermon addresses the sins of pride, indulgence, neglect of the poor, and abominations committed before God, drawing parallels between the behaviors of Sodom and Gomorrah and t |
|
Useful for the Master - Part 10 by Jackie Pullinger | This sermon emphasizes the importance of Christians behaving like Jesus Christ to inspire belief in others. It discusses the need to reach out to the poor and marginalized, especia |
Summary of Matthew Henry Commentary on Ezekiel 16
In Ezekiel 16, God sets forth the ingratitude of the Israelites, who, after having been treated with such kindness, had fallen into the most grievous idolatry. The chapter is a lamentation of the Lord, who, having chosen Israel to be His peculiar people, had done great things for them, and yet they had rebelled against Him. The allegory of the marriage is used to show the intimate relation between God and His people, and to reprove them for their idolatry and spiritual adultery. The chapter teaches us about the faithfulness of God, the consequences of sin, and the importance of repentance. As Matthew Henry notes, 'The Lord's controversy with His people is not for any injury they have done Him, but for their ingratitude and rebellion against Him.' Read the full unabridged Matthew Henry Commentary →
What Do You Notice?
Pattern of Unfaithfulness
Israel's history is marked by a pattern of unfaithfulness, as they repeatedly turn to idolatry and forsake God's covenant. This pattern is evident in Ezekiel 16:15-34, where Israel's spiritual adultery is described in detail.
God's Enduring Love
Despite Israel's unfaithfulness, God remains faithful and committed to His people, as seen in Ezekiel 16:8 and 60-63. This love is a testament to God's character and His desire to redeem and restore His people.
Consequences of Sin
The chapter highlights the severe consequences of Israel's sin, including judgment and exile (Ezekiel 16:35-43). However, it also emphasizes God's mercy and promise of restoration, demonstrating His justice and compassion.





