1 Chronicles 1:51
1 Chronicles 1:51 in Multiple Translations
Then Hadad died. Now the chiefs of Edom were Timna, Alvah, Jetheth,
¶ Hadad died also. And the dukes of Edom were; duke Timnah, duke Aliah, duke Jetheth,
And Hadad died. And the chiefs of Edom were: chief Timna, chief Aliah, chief Jetheth,
And Hadad came to his end. Now the chiefs of Edom were: the chief of Timna, the chief of Aliah, the chief of Jetheth,
Then Hadad died. The chiefs of Edom were: Timna, Alvah, Jetheth,
Hadad dyed also, and there were dukes in Edom, duke Timna, duke Aliah, duke Ietheth,
And chiefs of Edom are: chief Timnah, chief Aliah, chief Jetheth,
Then Hadad died. The chiefs of Edom were: chief Timna, chief Aliah, chief Jetheth,
Hadad died also. And the dukes of Edom were; duke Timna, duke Aliah, duke Jetheth,
And after the death of Adad, there began to be dukes in Edom instead of kings: duke Thamna, duke Alva, duke Jetheth,
Then Hadad died. The leaders of the clans of the Edom people-group were Timna, Alvah, Jetheth,
Berean Amplified Bible — 1 Chronicles 1:51
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
1 Chronicles 1:51 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וַ/יָּ֖מָת
הֲדָ֑ד
וַ/יִּהְיוּ֙
אַלּוּפֵ֣י
אֱד֔וֹם
אַלּ֥וּף
תִּמְנָ֛ע
אַלּ֥וּף
עליה
עַֽלְוָ֖ה
אַלּ֥וּף
יְתֵֽת
וַ/יָּ֖מָת
mûwth
H4191
to die
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
הֲדָ֑ד
Hădad
H1908
Hadad
N-proper
וַ/יִּהְיוּ֙
hâyâh
H1961
to be
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp
אַלּוּפֵ֣י
ʼallûwph
H441
tame
N-mp
אֱד֔וֹם
ʼĔdôm
H123
Edom
N-proper
אַלּ֥וּף
ʼallûwph
H441
tame
N-ms
תִּמְנָ֛ע
Timnâʻ
H8555
Timna
N-proper
אַלּ֥וּף
ʼallûwph
H441
tame
N-ms
עליה
ʻAlvâh
H5933
Alvah
N-proper
עַֽלְוָ֖ה
ʻAlvâh
H5933
Alvah
N-proper
אַלּ֥וּף
ʼallûwph
H441
tame
N-ms
יְתֵֽת
Yᵉthêth
H3509
Jetheth
N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — 1 Chronicles 1:51
וַ/יָּ֖מָת
mûwth
H4191
"to die"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to die, either literally or as a punishment, and is used in books like Genesis and Exodus. It can also mean to perish or be killed. This concept is seen in the story of Adam and Eve, where death enters the world as a result of sin.
Definition: 1) to die, kill, have one executed 1a)(Qal) 1a1) to die 1a2) to die (as penalty), be put to death 1a3) to die, perish (of a nation) 1a4) to die prematurely (by neglect of wise moral conduct) 1b) (Polel) to kill, put to death, dispatch 1c) (Hiphil) to kill, put to death 1d) (Hophal) 1d1) to be killed, be put to death 1d1a) to die prematurely
Usage: Occurs in 695 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] at all, [idiom] crying, (be) dead (body, man, one), (put to, worthy of) death, destroy(-er), (cause to, be like to, must) die, kill, necro(-mancer), [idiom] must needs, slay, [idiom] surely, [idiom] very suddenly, [idiom] in (no) wise. See also: Genesis 2:17; Exodus 21:18; Numbers 35:21.
הֲדָ֑ד
Hădad
H1908
"Hadad"
N-proper
Hadad was the name of an idol and several kings of Edom, including one who married an Egyptian woman and had a son named Genubath. The name means mighty.
Definition: A man of the Egyptians living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.11.14; married to sister_of_Tahpenes (H8472I); father of: Genubath (H1592) Also named: a.dad (אֲדַד "Hadad" H0111) § Hadad = "mighty" 1) son of Ishmael 2) a king of Edom who gained an important victory over the Midianites on the field of Moab 3) another king of Edom, with Pau for his capital 4) a member of the royal house of Edom who escaped the massacre under Joab and fled with a band of followers into Egypt; after David's death, he returned to his own country
Usage: Occurs in 11 OT verses. KJV: Hadad. See also: Genesis 36:35; 1 Kings 11:21; 1 Chronicles 1:51.
וַ/יִּהְיוּ֙
hâyâh
H1961
"to be"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp
The Hebrew word for to be means to exist or come into being. It is used to describe something that happens or comes to pass, like in Genesis where God creates the world.
Definition: 1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out 1a) (Qal) 1a1) --- 1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass 1a1b) to come about, come to pass 1a2) to come into being, become 1a2a) to arise, appear, come 1a2b) to become 1a2b1) to become 1a2b2) to become like 1a2b3) to be instituted, be established 1a3) to be 1a3a) to exist, be in existence 1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time) 1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality) 1a3d) to accompany, be with 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about 1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone
Usage: Occurs in 3131 OT verses. KJV: beacon, [idiom] altogether, be(-come), accomplished, committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint, fall, [phrase] follow, happen, [idiom] have, last, pertain, quit (one-) self, require, [idiom] use. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 17:4; Genesis 36:11.
אַלּוּפֵ֣י
ʼallûwph
H441
"tame"
N-mp
A chief or leader is referred to as 'alluwph' in Hebrew. The word can also mean friend or governor. It describes someone in a position of authority or guidance.
Definition: 1) tame, docile 2) friend, intimate
Usage: Occurs in 29 OT verses. KJV: captain, duke, (chief) friend, governor, guide, ox. See also: Genesis 36:15; 1 Chronicles 1:52; Psalms 55:14.
אֱד֔וֹם
ʼĔdôm
H123
"Edom"
N-proper
Edom was the twin brother of Jacob and the region where he lived. He was the son of Isaac and Rebekah, and his story is told in Genesis 25. Edom is also another name for Esau.
Definition: A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.25.25; son of: Isaac (H3327) and Rebekah (H7259); brother of: Israel (H3478); married to Oholibamah (H0173), Judith (H3067), Adah (H5711H) and Mahalath (H4258); father of: Eliphaz (H0464), Reuel (H7467), Jeush (H3266), Jalam (H3281) and Korah (H7141); also called Edom at Gen.25.30; 36.1,8,19,21; 1x,54; Another name of e.sav (עֵשָׂו "Esau" H6215G) § Edom = "red" 1) Edom 2) Edomite, Idumean-descendants of Esau 3) land of Edom, Idumea-land south and south east of Palestine
Usage: Occurs in 93 OT verses. KJV: Edom, Edomites, Idumea. See also: Genesis 25:30; 1 Chronicles 1:54; Psalms 60:2.
אַלּ֥וּף
ʼallûwph
H441
"tame"
N-ms
A chief or leader is referred to as 'alluwph' in Hebrew. The word can also mean friend or governor. It describes someone in a position of authority or guidance.
Definition: 1) tame, docile 2) friend, intimate
Usage: Occurs in 29 OT verses. KJV: captain, duke, (chief) friend, governor, guide, ox. See also: Genesis 36:15; 1 Chronicles 1:52; Psalms 55:14.
תִּמְנָ֛ע
Timnâʻ
H8555
"Timna"
N-proper
Timna was the name of two Edomites in the Bible, including a concubine of Eliphaz and a daughter of Seir the Horite, mentioned in Genesis 36. The name means restrained.
Definition: A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.36.40 § Timna or Timnah = "restrained" 1) a chief or duke of Esau and of Edom 2) the concubine of Eliphaz, the son of Esau 3) daughter of Seir the Horite and sister of Lotan
Usage: Occurs in 6 OT verses. KJV: Timna, Timnah. See also: Genesis 36:12; 1 Chronicles 1:36; 1 Chronicles 1:51.
אַלּ֥וּף
ʼallûwph
H441
"tame"
N-ms
A chief or leader is referred to as 'alluwph' in Hebrew. The word can also mean friend or governor. It describes someone in a position of authority or guidance.
Definition: 1) tame, docile 2) friend, intimate
Usage: Occurs in 29 OT verses. KJV: captain, duke, (chief) friend, governor, guide, ox. See also: Genesis 36:15; 1 Chronicles 1:52; Psalms 55:14.
עליה
ʻAlvâh
H5933
"Alvah"
N-proper
Alvah was a duke of Edom, mentioned in Genesis 36:40, with a name that means evil. He lived during the time of the Patriarchs. His name is translated as Aliah or Alvah in the KJV.
Definition: A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.36.40 § Aliah or Alvah = "evil" a duke of Edom
Usage: Occurs in 2 OT verses. KJV: Aliah, Alvah. See also: Genesis 36:40; 1 Chronicles 1:51.
עַֽלְוָ֖ה
ʻAlvâh
H5933
"Alvah"
N-proper
Alvah was a duke of Edom, mentioned in Genesis 36:40, with a name that means evil. He lived during the time of the Patriarchs. His name is translated as Aliah or Alvah in the KJV.
Definition: A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.36.40 § Aliah or Alvah = "evil" a duke of Edom
Usage: Occurs in 2 OT verses. KJV: Aliah, Alvah. See also: Genesis 36:40; 1 Chronicles 1:51.
אַלּ֥וּף
ʼallûwph
H441
"tame"
N-ms
A chief or leader is referred to as 'alluwph' in Hebrew. The word can also mean friend or governor. It describes someone in a position of authority or guidance.
Definition: 1) tame, docile 2) friend, intimate
Usage: Occurs in 29 OT verses. KJV: captain, duke, (chief) friend, governor, guide, ox. See also: Genesis 36:15; 1 Chronicles 1:52; Psalms 55:14.
יְתֵֽת
Yᵉthêth
H3509
"Jetheth"
N-proper
Jetheth was an Edomite duke who lived during the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned in Genesis 36:40. His name means 'a nail' and he was one of the descendants of Esau.
Definition: A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.36.40 § Jetheth = "a nail" one of the dukes of Edom who came of Esau
Usage: Occurs in 2 OT verses. KJV: Jetheth. k See also: Genesis 36:40; 1 Chronicles 1:51.
Study Notes — 1 Chronicles 1:51
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- 1 Chronicles 1:51 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on 1 Chronicles 1:51
- Trapp's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 1:51
- Ellicott's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 1:51
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 1:51
- Cambridge Bible on 1 Chronicles 1:51
Context — The Kings of Edom
49When Shaul died, Baal-hanan son of Achbor reigned in his place.
50When Baal-hanan died, Hadad reigned in his place. His city was named Pau, and his wife’s name was Mehetabel daughter of Matred, the daughter of Me-zahab.
51Then Hadad died. Now the chiefs of Edom were Timna, Alvah, Jetheth,
52Oholibamah, Elah, Pinon, 53Kenaz, Teman, Mibzar,Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Genesis 36:40 | These are the names of Esau’s chiefs, according to their families and regions, by their names: Chiefs Timna, Alvah, Jetheth, |
1 Chronicles 1:51 Summary
1 Chronicles 1:51 tells us that Hadad, the king of Edom, died, and then lists the names of the chiefs of Edom who came after him, including Timna, Alvah, and Jetheth. This verse is important because it shows us that God is in control of all nations and their leaders, as seen in Daniel 2:21 and Psalm 22:28. It also reminds us that human leaders will come and go, but God's plan and purpose will always prevail, as mentioned in Isaiah 46:10. By studying this verse, we can learn to trust in God's sovereignty and provision for our lives, just as the Israelites did in Exodus 15:22-27.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why does the Bible list the names of the chiefs of Edom in 1 Chronicles 1:51?
The Bible lists these names to provide a historical record of the leaders of Edom, as seen in 1 Chronicles 1:51, and to fulfill God's promise to Abraham in Genesis 17:6 to make him the father of many nations, including Edom, as mentioned in Genesis 36:1.
What is the significance of Hadad's death in 1 Chronicles 1:51?
Hadad's death marks the end of his reign as king of Edom, as mentioned in 1 Chronicles 1:50-51, and the beginning of a new era in Edom's history, as seen in the listing of the chiefs of Edom in 1 Chronicles 1:51-54.
Who were Timna, Alvah, and Jetheth in 1 Chronicles 1:51?
Timna, Alvah, and Jetheth were some of the chiefs of Edom, listed in 1 Chronicles 1:51, who likely held important positions of power and influence in the kingdom of Edom, similar to the leaders mentioned in Exodus 15:15 and Numbers 20:14-21.
How does 1 Chronicles 1:51 relate to the rest of the Bible?
1 Chronicles 1:51 is part of the larger narrative of the Bible, which tells the story of God's relationship with His people, including the Edomites, as seen in Malachi 1:2-5, and ultimately points to the coming of Jesus Christ, as mentioned in Romans 9:13.
Reflection Questions
- What can we learn from the way the Bible records the history of Edom in 1 Chronicles 1:51?
- How does the listing of the chiefs of Edom in 1 Chronicles 1:51-54 reflect the sovereignty of God over all nations?
- What does the death of Hadad and the rise of new leaders in Edom teach us about the fleeting nature of human power and the importance of trusting in God, as seen in Psalm 146:3-4?
- How can we apply the principles of leadership and succession seen in 1 Chronicles 1:51 to our own lives and communities?
Gill's Exposition on 1 Chronicles 1:51
[See comments on 1 Chronicles 1:43].
Trapp's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 1:51
1 Chronicles 1:51 Hadad died also. And the dukes of Edom were; duke Timnah, duke Aliah, duke Jetheth,Ver. 51. Hadad died also.] And with him the kingly government, as it did at Rome with Tarquin the tyrant.
Ellicott's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 1:51
(51) Hadad died also.—Rather, And Hadad died, and there were (or arose) chiliarchs of Edom, the chiliarch of Timnah, the chiliarch of Aliah, &c. This appears to state that Hadad was the last king of Edom, and that after his death the country was governed by the heads of the various clans or tribes, without any central authority. In Genesis 36:40, the sentence, “And Hadad died,” is wanting, and the transition from the kings to the chiliarchs is thus effected: “And these are the names of the chiliarchs of Esau, after their clans, after their places, by their names: the chiliarch of Timnah,” &c. The chiliarchs (‘allûphîm, from ‘eleph, a thousand) were the heads of the thousands or clans (mishpehôth) of Edom (Genesis 36:40). (See Note on 1 Chronicles 14:1.) The names in these verses are not personal, but tribal and local, as the conclusion of the account in Genesis 36:43 indicates: “These are the chiliarchs of Edom, after their seats, in the land of their domain.” Comp. the names of the sons of Esau and Seir (1 Chronicles 1:35-42). This makes it clear that Timnah and Aholibamah were towns. The king of Edom is often mentioned elsewhere in the Old Testament. (See Numbers 20:14; Amos 2:1-8 th cent. B.C. ; 2 Kings 3:9 - 9th cent.) According to Ewald (Hist. p. 46), the chieftains of Edom follow the list of kings, “as if David had already vanquished the last king of Edom, and put it under” merely tribal government, in subordination to himself. “The Hadad who fled very young to Egypt at David’s conquest (1 Kings 11:14-22) may have been grandson of Hadad, the last king.”
Adam Clarke's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 1:51
Verse 51. Hadad died] "And his kingdom ended; for his land was subdued by the children of Esau, and the dukes of Edom ruled in the land of Gebala." - T. For various particulars in this chapter, see Gen. 10 and 36, and the parallel places.
Cambridge Bible on 1 Chronicles 1:51
51b–54. The “Dukes” of Edom (Cp. Genesis 36:40-43) 51. dukes] The word means “leader of a thousand.” The list which follows is probably topographical, not chronological. It seems to give the names of the “dukedoms” into which Edom was divided at the time when the list was drawn up. duke Timnah, etc.] Render, the duke of Timnah, etc. Aliah] In Genesis 36:40, “Alvah.”