1 Chronicles 2:18
1 Chronicles 2:18 in Multiple Translations
Caleb son of Hezron had children by his wife Azubah and by Jerioth. These were the sons of Azubah: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.
¶ And Caleb the son of Hezron begat children of Azubah his wife, and of Jerioth: her sons are these; Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon.
And Caleb the son of Hezron begat children of Azubah his wife, and of Jerioth; and these were her sons: Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon.
And Caleb, the son of Hezron, had children by Azubah his wife, the daughter of Jerioth; and these were her sons: Jesher and Shobab and Ardon.
Caleb son of Hezron had children by his wife Azubah, and also by Jerioth. These were her sons: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.
And Caleb the sonne of Hezron begate Ierioth of Azubah his wife, and her sonnes are these, Iesher, and Shobab, and Ardon.
And Caleb son of Hezron hath begotten Azubah, Isshah, and Jerioth; and these [are] her sons: Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon.
Caleb the son of Hezron became the father of children by Azubah his wife, and by Jerioth; and these were her sons: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.
And Caleb the son of Hezron begat children of Azubah his wife, and of Jerioth: her sons are these; Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon.
And Caleb the son of Hesron took a wife named Azuba, of whom he had Jerioth: and her sons were Jaser, and Sobab, and Ardon.
Hezron’s younger son Caleb had two wives. One of them, Azubah, gave birth to three sons: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.
Berean Amplified Bible — 1 Chronicles 2:18
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
1 Chronicles 2:18 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וְ/כָלֵ֣ב
בֶּן
חֶצְר֗וֹן
הוֹלִ֛יד
אֶת
עֲזוּבָ֥ה
אִשָּׁ֖ה
וְ/אֶת
יְרִיע֑וֹת
וְ/אֵ֣לֶּה
בָנֶ֔י/הָ
יֵ֥שֶׁר
וְ/שׁוֹבָ֖ב
וְ/אַרְדּֽוֹן
וְ/כָלֵ֣ב
Kâlêb
H3612
Caleb
Conj | N-proper
בֶּן
bên
H1121
son
N-ms
חֶצְר֗וֹן
Chetsrôwn
H2696
Hezron
N-proper
הוֹלִ֛יד
yâlad
H3205
to beget
V-Hiphil-Perf-3ms
אֶת
ʼêth
H853
Obj.
DirObjM
עֲזוּבָ֥ה
ʻĂzûwbâh
H5806
Azubah
N-proper
אִשָּׁ֖ה
ʼishshâh
H802
woman
N-fs
וְ/אֶת
ʼêth
H854
with
Conj | Prep
יְרִיע֑וֹת
Yᵉrîyʻôwth
H3408
Jerioth
N-proper
וְ/אֵ֣לֶּה
ʼêl-leh
H428
these
Conj | Pron
בָנֶ֔י/הָ
bên
H1121
son
N-mp | Suff
יֵ֥שֶׁר
Yêsher
H3475
Jesher
N-proper
וְ/שׁוֹבָ֖ב
Shôwbâb
H7727
Shobab
Conj | N-proper
וְ/אַרְדּֽוֹן
ʼArdôwn
H715
Ardon
Conj | N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — 1 Chronicles 2:18
וְ/כָלֵ֣ב
Kâlêb
H3612
"Caleb"
Conj | N-proper
Caleb was a man from the tribe of Judah who lived during the time of the Israelites' journey from Egypt to the Promised Land. He is first mentioned in 1 Chronicles 2:9 and is known for his bravery and faith. Caleb was a leader among the Israelites.
Definition: A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at 1Ch.2.9; son of: Hezron (H2696H); brother of: Ram (H7410), Jerahmeel (H3396), Segub (H7687H) and Ashhur (H0806); married to Azubah (H5806H), Jerioth (H3408), Ephrathah (H0672), Ephah (H5891H) and Maacah (H4601L); father of: Hur (H2354), Jesher (H3475), Shobab (H7727H), Ardon (H0715), Mareshah@1Ch.2.42 (H4337), Haran (H2771B), Moza (H4162), Gazez (H1495), Jahdai (H3056), Sheber (H7669), Tirhanah (H8647), Shaaph (H8174H), Sheva (H7724) and Achsah (H5915H); also called Carmi (NIV: Karmi) at 1Ch.4.1(?); Chelubai at 1Ch.2.9; § Caleb = "dog" 1) the godly son of Jephunneh and the faithful spy who reported the Promised Land favourably and urged its capture 2) son of Hezron and grandson of Pharez and great grandson of Judah and the father of Hur and grandfather of Caleb the spy
Usage: Occurs in 35 OT verses. KJV: Caleb. See also: Numbers 13:6; Joshua 15:18; 1 Chronicles 6:41.
בֶּן
bên
H1121
"son"
N-ms
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Definition: : child/son
Usage: Occurs in 3653 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth. See also: Genesis 3:16; Genesis 23:3; Genesis 34:18.
חֶצְר֗וֹן
Chetsrôwn
H2696
"Hezron"
N-proper
Hezron refers to a place in southern Judah and two Israelites. The name means surrounded by a wall, similar to Hazor.
Definition: Hezron = "surrounded by a wall" a place in the extreme south of Judah Another name of cha.tsor (חָצוֹר "Hazor" H2674G)
Usage: Occurs in 17 OT verses. KJV: Hezron. See also: Genesis 46:9; Ruth 4:19; 1 Chronicles 5:3.
הוֹלִ֛יד
yâlad
H3205
"to beget"
V-Hiphil-Perf-3ms
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to give birth or beget a child, like when Eve gave birth to Cain in Genesis 4:1. It can also mean to help someone give birth, like a midwife. This word is used in many KJV translations, including Genesis and Isaiah.
Definition: 1) to bear, bringforth, beget, gender, travail 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to bear, bring forth 1a1a) of child birth 1a1b) of distress (simile) 1a1c) of wicked (behaviour) 1a2) to beget 1b) (Niphal) to be born 1c) (Piel) 1c1) to cause or help to bring forth 1c2) to assist or tend as a midwife 1c3) midwife (participle) 1d) (Pual) to be born 1e) (Hiphil) 1e1) to beget (a child) 1e2) to bear (fig. -of wicked bringing forth iniquity) 1f) (Hophal) day of birth, birthday (infinitive) 1g) (Hithpael) to declare one's birth (pedigree)
Usage: Occurs in 403 OT verses. KJV: bear, beget, birth(-day), born, (make to) bring forth (children, young), bring up, calve, child, come, be delivered (of a child), time of delivery, gender, hatch, labour, (do the office of a) midwife, declare pedigrees, be the son of, (woman in, woman that) travail(-eth, -ing woman). See also: Genesis 3:16; Genesis 30:19; 2 Samuel 21:22.
אֶת
ʼêth
H853
"Obj."
DirObjM
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Definition: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
Usage: Occurs in 6782 OT verses. KJV: (as such unrepresented in English). See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 10:8; Genesis 19:21.
עֲזוּבָ֥ה
ʻĂzûwbâh
H5806
"Azubah"
N-proper
Azubah was the name of two Israelite women, one married to Caleb and the other to king Asa, with the name meaning 'forsaken' in Hebrew.
Definition: A womanof the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.2.18; married to Caleb (H3612H); mother of: Jesher@1Ch.2.18 (H3475), Shobab (H7727H), Ardon (H0715) § Azubah = "forsaken" 1) wife of Caleb, the son of Hezron 2) daughter of Shilhi, wife of king Asa, and mother of king Jehoshaphat of Judah
Usage: Occurs in 4 OT verses. KJV: Azubah. See also: 1 Kings 22:42; 1 Chronicles 2:19; 2 Chronicles 20:31.
אִשָּׁ֖ה
ʼishshâh
H802
"woman"
N-fs
The Hebrew word for woman, used to describe a female person, wife, or animal, appears in many biblical passages, including Genesis and Exodus, and is often translated as woman, wife, or female.
Definition: : woman 1) woman, wife, female 1a) woman (opposite of man) 1b) wife (woman married to a man) 1c) female (of animals) 1d) each, every (pronoun)
Usage: Occurs in 686 OT verses. KJV: (adulter) ess, each, every, female, [idiom] many, [phrase] none, one, [phrase] together, wife, woman. Often unexpressed in English. See also: Genesis 2:22; Genesis 34:4; Numbers 5:12.
וְ/אֶת
ʼêth
H854
"with"
Conj | Prep
This Hebrew preposition means 'with' or 'near', indicating a close relationship or physical proximity. It's used in Genesis 1:26 to describe God's relationship with humanity, and in many other places to show connection or closeness.
Definition: 1) with, near, together with 1a) with, together with 1b) with (of relationship) 1c) near (of place) 1d) with (poss.) 1e) from...with, from (with other prep)
Usage: Occurs in 787 OT verses. KJV: against, among, before, by, for, from, in(-to), (out) of, with. Often with another prepositional prefix. See also: Genesis 4:1; Genesis 42:32; Numbers 1:5.
יְרִיע֑וֹת
Yᵉrîyʻôwth
H3408
"Jerioth"
N-proper
Jerioth was an Israelite woman from the tribe of Judah, married to Caleb, and is mentioned in 1 Chronicles 2:18. Her name means curtains. She lived during the Divided Monarchy period.
Definition: A womanof the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.2.18; married to Caleb (H3612H) § Jerioth = "curtains" the wife or concubine of Caleb, the son of Hezron of the descendants of Judah
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: Jerioth. See also: 1 Chronicles 2:18.
וְ/אֵ֣לֶּה
ʼêl-leh
H428
"these"
Conj | Pron
This Hebrew word is used to point out specific people or things, like saying 'these' or 'those'. It appears in the book of Genesis, where God says 'let there be light' and separates the light from the darkness.
Definition: 1) these 1a) used before antecedent 1b) used following antecedent Aramaic equivalent: el.leh (אֵלֶּה "these" H0429)
Usage: Occurs in 697 OT verses. KJV: an-(the) other; one sort, so, some, such, them, these (same), they, this, those, thus, which, who(-m). See also: Genesis 2:4; Exodus 35:1; Deuteronomy 1:35.
בָנֶ֔י/הָ
bên
H1121
"son"
N-mp | Suff
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Definition: : child/son
Usage: Occurs in 3653 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth. See also: Genesis 3:16; Genesis 23:3; Genesis 34:18.
יֵ֥שֶׁר
Yêsher
H3475
"Jesher"
N-proper
Jesher was an Israelite from the tribe of Judah, son of Caleb and Jerioth. He is mentioned in 1 Chronicles 2:18, and his name means 'upright'. He had several brothers, including Hur and Shobab.
Definition: A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, only mentioned at 1Ch.2.18; son of: Caleb (H3612H) and Jerioth(?) (H3408); brother of: Hur (H2354), Shobab (H7727H), Ardon (H0715), Mareshah@1Ch.2.42 (H4337), Haran (H2771B), Moza (H4162), Gazez (H1495), Jahdai (H3056), Sheber (H7669), Tirhanah (H8647), Shaaph (H8174H), Sheva (H7724) and Achsah (H5915H) § Jesher = "upright" one of the sons of Caleb and grandson of Hezron by wife Azubah
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: Jesher. See also: 1 Chronicles 2:18.
וְ/שׁוֹבָ֖ב
Shôwbâb
H7727
"Shobab"
Conj | N-proper
Shobab was an Israelite who lived during the time of the wilderness and was the son of Caleb. His name means rebellious, and he is mentioned in 1 Chronicles as part of the tribe of Judah.
Definition: A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, only mentioned at 1Ch.2.18; son of: Caleb (H3612H) and Jerioth(?) (H3408); brother of: Hur (H2354), Jesher (H3475), Ardon (H0715), Mareshah@1Ch.2.42 (H4337), Haran (H2771B), Moza (H4162), Gazez (H1495), Jahdai (H3056), Sheber (H7669), Tirhanah (H8647), Shaaph (H8174H), Sheva (H7724) and Achsah (H5915H) § Shobab = "rebellious" 1) son of David by Bathsheba 2) a Judaite, son of Caleb by his wife Azubah and grandson of Hezron
Usage: Occurs in 4 OT verses. KJV: Shobab. See also: 2 Samuel 5:14; 1 Chronicles 3:5; 1 Chronicles 14:4.
וְ/אַרְדּֽוֹן
ʼArdôwn
H715
"Ardon"
Conj | N-proper
Ardon was an Israelite from the tribe of Judah, mentioned in 1 Chronicles 2:18. He was the son of Caleb and had several brothers.
Definition: A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, only mentioned at 1Ch.2.18; son of: Caleb (H3612H) and Jerioth (H3408) brother of: Hur (H2354), Jesher (H3475), Shobab (H7727H), Mareshah@1Ch.2.42 (H4337), Haran (H2771B), Moza (H4162), Gazez (H1495), Jahdai (H3056), Sheber (H7669), Tirhanah (H8647), Shaaph (H8174H), Sheva (H7724) and Achsah (H5915H) § Ardon = "subduer: fugitive" a son of Caleb
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: Ardon. See also: 1 Chronicles 2:18.
Study Notes — 1 Chronicles 2:18
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- 1 Chronicles 2:18 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on 1 Chronicles 2:18
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Chronicles 2:18
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 2:18
- Ellicott's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 2:18
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 2:18
- Cambridge Bible on 1 Chronicles 2:18
- Barnes' Notes on 1 Chronicles 2:18
Context — The Sons of Israel
16Their sisters were Zeruiah and Abigail. And the three sons of Zeruiah were Abishai, Joab, and Asahel.
17Abigail was the mother of Amasa, whose father was Jether the Ishmaelite.
18Caleb son of Hezron had children by his wife Azubah and by Jerioth. These were the sons of Azubah: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.
19When Azubah died, Caleb married Ephrath, who bore to him Hur. 20Hur was the father of Uri, and Uri was the father of Bezalel.1 Chronicles 2:18 Summary
This verse tells us about Caleb, a man in the Bible who had children with his wives Azubah and Jerioth. It lists the names of his sons with Azubah as Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon. This information is important because it helps us understand the family connections within the tribes of Israel, similar to how we see family lineages discussed in other parts of the Bible, like Genesis 29:1-30:43. By reading about Caleb and his family, we can see how God values family and relationships, as also emphasized in verses like Psalm 127:3-5.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who was Caleb son of Hezron in the Bible?
Caleb son of Hezron is mentioned in 1 Chronicles 2:18 as having children by his wives Azubah and Jerioth, indicating he was a significant figure in the genealogy of the Israelites, with his lineage also mentioned in other parts of the Bible such as 1 Chronicles 4:15.
What does the Bible say about Caleb's wives and children?
According to 1 Chronicles 2:18-20, Caleb had children by his wives Azubah and Jerioth, and later married Ephrath after Azubah's death, showing the biblical account of his family life and descendants, similar to other genealogical accounts in the Bible like Genesis 25:1-4.
Why are the names of Caleb's children and wives important?
The names of Caleb's children and wives, as recorded in 1 Chronicles 2:18, are important because they help establish the genealogical connections and lineage within the tribes of Israel, which is a common theme throughout the Old Testament, as seen in books like Genesis and Numbers.
How does this verse fit into the broader biblical narrative?
This verse is part of the larger narrative of the history of the Israelites, specifically within the tribe of Judah, as outlined in 1 Chronicles, and helps to connect the genealogical dots between different figures in the Bible, such as those mentioned in Ruth 4:18-22 and Matthew 1:3-6.
Reflection Questions
- What can we learn from Caleb's example about the importance of family and lineage in our own lives?
- How does the mention of Caleb's wives and children in this verse reflect the value placed on family in biblical times?
- In what ways can we apply the principles of genealogy and the recording of family history, as seen in this verse, to our own understanding of our place within our families and communities?
- What does this verse reveal about God's interest in the details of human life, including family relationships and descendants?
Gill's Exposition on 1 Chronicles 2:18
And Caleb the son of Hezron,.... The same that is called Chelubai, 1 Chronicles 2:9 but not the same with Caleb the son of Jephunneh, made mention of in the books of Numbers, Joshua, and Judges: he
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Chronicles 2:18
And Caleb the son of Hezron begat children of Azubah his wife, and of Jerioth: her sons are these; Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon. Caleb the son of Hezron. The notices concerning this person appear confused in our version.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 2:18
Not that Caleb, , for he was the son of Jephunneh, of whom he speaks, ; but another Caleb. Her sons, i.e. the sons, either, 1. Of Jerioth, she being last mentioned; or rather, 2. Of Azubah, who is by way of distinction called his wife, when Jerioth probably was only his concubine, and, as it may seem, barren; and therefore upon Azubah’ s death he married another wife, . And those other sons of this Caleb, mentioned below, , are his sons by some other wife distinct from all these.
Ellicott's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 2:18
(18) And Caleb the son of Hezron begat children of Azubah his wife.—The Heb. text, as it stands, does not say this. The primâ facie rendering is, “And Caleb son of Hezron begat Azubah a woman, and Jerioth: and these (are) her sons; Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon.” But 1 Chronicles 2:19 continues: “And Azubah died, and Caleb took to himself (as wife) Ephrath,” which of course suggests that Azubah was not daughter but a former wife of Caleb. 1 Chronicles 2:18 has also been translated, “And Caleb son of Hezron caused Azubah a wife and Jerioth to bear children.” (Comp. Isaiah 66:9.) It seems best to read, “his wife, daughter of Jerioth (’ishtô -bath.Ierioth), instead of the text (ishshah ve’eth Ierioth); and to render: And Caleb son of Hezron begat sons with Azubah daughter of Jerioth” (eth, the particle before Azubah, is ambiguous, and might be either the mere sign of the accusative, or the prep. “with,” cum, ìåôὰ). The Syriac partly supports this version, for it reads: “And Caleb begat of Azubah, his wife, Jerioth,” making Jerioth Azubah’s daughter. The LXX. has, “And Caleb took Azubah a wife and Jerioth,” which only shows that the corruption of the text is ancient.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 2:18
Verse 18. Azubah] "And why was she called Azubah? Because she was barren and despised. But her injury was manifested before the Lord; and she was comforted, and adorned with wisdom; and she span, skilfully, goats' hair for the court of the tabernacle." - T.
Cambridge Bible on 1 Chronicles 2:18
18–20. The Genealogy of Bezaleel It is quite in accordance with the mind of the Chronicler to single out the artificer of the Tabernacle (“Tent of Meeting”) and tell his family history (cp. Exodus 31:2 ff.).
Barnes' Notes on 1 Chronicles 2:18
In the remainder of this chapter the writer obtains scarcely any assistance from the earlier Scriptures, and must have drawn almost entirely from genealogical sources, accessible to him, which have since perished.