2 Samuel 22:41
2 Samuel 22:41 in Multiple Translations
You have made my enemies retreat before me; I put an end to those who hated me.
Thou hast also given me the necks of mine enemies, that I might destroy them that hate me.
Thou hast also made mine enemies turn their backs unto me, That I might cut off them that hate me.
By you their backs are turned in flight, so that my haters are cut off.
You made my enemies run away; I destroyed all my enemies.
And thou hast giuen me the neckes of mine enemies, that I might destroy them that hate me.
And mine enemies — Thou givest to me the neck, Those hating me — and I cut them off.
You have also made my enemies turn their backs to me, that I might cut off those who hate me.
Thou hast also given me the necks of my enemies, that I might destroy them that hate me.
My enemies thou hast made to turn their back to me: them that hated me, and I shall destroy them.
You caused my enemies to turn and run away from me; I destroyed those who hated me.
Berean Amplified Bible — 2 Samuel 22:41
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
2 Samuel 22:41 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וְ/אֹ֣יְבַ֔/י
תַּ֥תָּה
לִּ֖/י
עֹ֑רֶף
מְשַׂנְאַ֖/י
וָ/אַצְמִיתֵֽ/ם
וְ/אֹ֣יְבַ֔/י
ʼôyêb
H341
enemy
Conj | V-Qal | Suff
תַּ֥תָּה
nâthan
H5414
to give
V-Qal-Perf-2ms
לִּ֖/י
Prep | Suff
עֹ֑רֶף
ʻôreph
H6203
neck
N-ms
מְשַׂנְאַ֖/י
sânêʼ
H8130
to hate
V-Piel | Suff
וָ/אַצְמִיתֵֽ/ם
tsâmath
H6789
to destroy
Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-1cs | Suff
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — 2 Samuel 22:41
וְ/אֹ֣יְבַ֔/י
ʼôyêb
H341
"enemy"
Conj | V-Qal | Suff
This Hebrew word means enemy or adversary, referring to someone who hates or opposes another person or nation. It is used to describe personal or national enemies in the Bible.
Definition: 1) (Qal) enemy 1a) personal 1b) national
Usage: Occurs in 275 OT verses. KJV: enemy, foe. See also: Genesis 22:17; 2 Samuel 22:1; Psalms 3:8.
תַּ֥תָּה
nâthan
H5414
"to give"
V-Qal-Perf-2ms
This word means to give, put, or set something, with a wide range of applications. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus, describing God's actions and human interactions. The word is used to convey giving, selling, or exchanging something.
Definition: : give/deliver/send/produce 1) to give, put, set 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to give, bestow, grant, permit, ascribe, employ, devote, consecrate, dedicate, pay wages, sell, exchange, lend, commit, entrust, give over, deliver up, yield produce, occasion, produce, requite to, report, mention, utter, stretch out, extend 1a2) to put, set, put on, put upon, set, appoint, assign, designate 1a3) to make, constitute 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be given, be bestowed, be provided, be entrusted to, be granted to, be permitted, be issued, be published, be uttered, be assigned 1b2) to be set, be put, be made, be inflicted 1c) (Hophal) 1c1) to be given, be bestowed, be given up, be delivered up 1c2) to be put upon
Usage: Occurs in 1816 OT verses. KJV: add, apply, appoint, ascribe, assign, [idiom] avenge, [idiom] be (healed), bestow, bring (forth, hither), cast, cause, charge, come, commit, consider, count, [phrase] cry, deliver (up), direct, distribute, do, [idiom] doubtless, [idiom] without fail, fasten, frame, [idiom] get, give (forth, over, up), grant, hang (up), [idiom] have, [idiom] indeed, lay (unto charge, up), (give) leave, lend, let (out), [phrase] lie, lift up, make, [phrase] O that, occupy, offer, ordain, pay, perform, place, pour, print, [idiom] pull, put (forth), recompense, render, requite, restore, send (out), set (forth), shew, shoot forth (up), [phrase] sing, [phrase] slander, strike, (sub-) mit, suffer, [idiom] surely, [idiom] take, thrust, trade, turn, utter, [phrase] weep, [phrase] willingly, [phrase] withdraw, [phrase] would (to) God, yield. See also: Genesis 1:17; Genesis 40:21; Exodus 30:12.
לִּ֖/י
""
Prep | Suff
עֹ֑רֶף
ʻôreph
H6203
"neck"
N-ms
The neck or back of the neck represents a turning point, like the back of a fleeing enemy or a stubborn person with a stiff neck.
Definition: 1) neck, back of the neck, back 1a) back of the neck 1a1) of fleeing foe 1a2) of apostasy (fig.) 1b) stiff of neck, obstinate (fig.)
Usage: Occurs in 32 OT verses. KJV: back ((stiff-) neck((-ed). See also: Genesis 49:8; 2 Chronicles 30:8; Psalms 18:41.
מְשַׂנְאַ֖/י
sânêʼ
H8130
"to hate"
V-Piel | Suff
To hate means to feel intense dislike or hostility, as seen in the actions of enemies or foes in the Bible. It can also describe God's hatred of sin.
Definition: 1) to hate, be hateful 1a) (Qal) to hate 1a1) of man 1a2) of God 1a3) hater, one hating, enemy (participle) (subst) 1b) (Niphal) to be hated 1c) (Piel) hater (participle) 1c1) of persons, nations, God, wisdom Aramaic equivalent: se.ne (שְׂנָא "to hate" H8131)
Usage: Occurs in 139 OT verses. KJV: enemy, foe, (be) hate(-ful, -r), odious, [idiom] utterly. See also: Genesis 24:60; Psalms 50:17; Psalms 5:6.
וָ/אַצְמִיתֵֽ/ם
tsâmath
H6789
"to destroy"
Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-1cs | Suff
To destroy something means to completely get rid of it, like God destroying evil in Psalm 37:38. This word appears in the Bible to describe total annihilation. It is often used in a literal sense, such as in war, but also figuratively, like in Ezekiel 28:16.
Definition: 1) to put an end to, cut off, destroy, exterminate, extirpate 1a) (Qal) to put an end to, terminate 1b) (Niphal) to be ended, be annihilated, be exterminated 1c) (Piel) to put an end to 1d) (Pilel) to be exterminated, be annihilated 1e) (Hiphil) to exterminate, annihilate
Usage: Occurs in 14 OT verses. KJV: consume, cut off, destroy, vanish. See also: 2 Samuel 22:41; Psalms 88:17; Psalms 18:41.
Study Notes — 2 Samuel 22:41
Show Verse Quote Highlights
Context — David’s Song of Deliverance
39I devoured and crushed them so they could not rise; they have fallen under my feet.
40You have armed me with strength for battle; You have subdued my foes beneath me.
41You have made my enemies retreat before me; I destroyed those who hated me.
42They looked, but there was no one to save them— to the LORD, but He did not answer. 43I ground them as the dust of the earth; I crushed and trampled them like mud in the streets.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Exodus 23:27 | I will send My terror ahead of you and throw into confusion every nation you encounter. I will make all your enemies turn and run. |
| 2 | Joshua 10:24 | When they had brought the kings to Joshua, he summoned all the men of Israel and said to the army commanders who had accompanied him, “Come here and put your feet on the necks of these kings.” So the commanders came forward and put their feet on their necks. |
| 3 | 2 Thessalonians 1:8–9 | in blazing fire, inflicting vengeance on those who do not know God and do not obey the gospel of our Lord Jesus. They will suffer the penalty of eternal destruction, separated from the presence of the Lord and the glory of His might, |
| 4 | Psalms 21:8–9 | Your hand will apprehend all Your enemies; Your right hand will seize those who hate You. You will place them in a fiery furnace at the time of Your appearing. In His wrath the LORD will engulf them, and the fire will consume them. |
| 5 | Luke 19:27 | And these enemies of mine who were unwilling for me to rule over them, bring them here and slay them in front of me.’” |
| 6 | Luke 19:14 | But his subjects hated him and sent a delegation after him to say, ‘We do not want this man to rule over us.’ |
| 7 | Psalms 18:40–41 | You have made my enemies retreat before me; I put an end to those who hated me. They cried for help, but there was no one to save them— to the LORD, but He did not answer. |
| 8 | Genesis 49:8 | Judah, your brothers shall praise you. Your hand shall be on the necks of your enemies; your father’s sons shall bow down to you. |
2 Samuel 22:41 Summary
This verse means that God helps us win against the people who are against us, and He gives us the power to overcome them. Just like David trusted in God's strength, we can too, and God will help us be victorious, as promised in Deuteronomy 31:6. We can trust in God's love and care for us, and know that He will always be with us, even in hard times (Joshua 1:9). By trusting in God, we can have peace and confidence, no matter what challenges we face.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does it mean for God to make our enemies retreat before us?
This phrase, as seen in 2 Samuel 22:41, means that God gives us victory over those who oppose us, allowing us to overcome them, as also promised in Deuteronomy 28:7 and Romans 8:37.
How can we, like David, put an end to those who hate us?
According to 2 Samuel 22:41, we can trust in God's power and strength to overcome our enemies, just as David did, and as encouraged in Psalm 23:4 and Isaiah 41:10.
Does this verse mean that God will always make our physical enemies retreat before us?
While 2 Samuel 22:41 does describe a physical victory, the broader biblical context, such as in Matthew 5:44 and Romans 12:14, teaches us to love and pray for our enemies, trusting in God's sovereignty and wisdom to handle each situation.
How does this verse relate to spiritual warfare?
As seen in Ephesians 6:10-18, our true enemies are spiritual, and 2 Samuel 22:41 reminds us that God gives us strength to overcome them, making this verse relevant to our daily spiritual battles.
Reflection Questions
- In what areas of my life do I need God to make my enemies retreat before me, and how can I trust in His power to do so?
- How have I seen God work in my life to overcome those who oppose me, and what can I learn from those experiences?
- What are some spiritual enemies that I face, such as fear, doubt, or pride, and how can I apply the principles of 2 Samuel 22:41 to overcome them?
- In what ways can I, like David, give God the glory for my victories, and how can I use those experiences to encourage others?
Gill's Exposition on 2 Samuel 22:41
Thou hast also given me the necks of mine enemies, that I might destroy them that hate me. [See comments on Psalms 18:40].
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Samuel 22:41
Thou hast also given me the necks of mine enemies, that I might destroy them that hate me. Thou hast also given me the necks of mine enemies.
Cambridge Bible on 2 Samuel 22:41
41. And mine enemies didst thou make to turn their backs unto me:as for them that hate me, I destroyed them.The first clause means that his enemies were put to flight (Exodus 23:27), not (as the E. V. suggests) that he planted his foot on their necks in token of triumph (Joshua 10:24).
Whedon's Commentary on 2 Samuel 22:41
41. Causest to give me the back — The word rendered back means properly the back of the neck. The meaning is, that God had made David’s foes turn their backs to him and fly. Compare a parallel expression in Exodus 23:27.
Sermons on 2 Samuel 22:41
| Sermon | Description | |
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Exodus 23:27 by Chuck Smith | Chuck Smith emphasizes the principles of victory in the Christian life, illustrating how the journey from bondage in Egypt to the promised land symbolizes our struggle against the |
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The Vanity of Life by Keith Daniel | The sermon in the video focuses on the book of Ecclesiastes, which confronts the vanity of life and the gravity of death. The preacher emphasizes that there is nothing certain abou |
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He Was Despised and Rejected of Men and We Will Be Also by Keith Daniel | In this sermon, the preacher describes a disturbing incident where a person blasphemes and shows no fear of God. The preacher emphasizes the importance of remembering that God love |
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Hell Is Real by B.H. Clendennen | This sermon emphasizes the reality of hell as an everlasting punishment for those who reject God, highlighting the consequences of a life of continual sin and the importance of rep |
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The Evangel by James A. Stewart | In this sermon, the preacher shares the story of John Newton, who experienced a life-threatening storm at sea. In the midst of the danger, Newton realized his guilt as a sinner bef |
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Studies in 2 Thessalonians-01 2 Thes 1:1-5 by William MacDonald | In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the importance of knowing God through the Lord Jesus Christ. He explains that those who refuse to know God will face the vengeance of Christ |
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Separated From Our Loved Ones by Keith Daniel | This sermon delves into the fearful possibility of separation from loved ones, both in this life and for eternity, emphasizing the consequences of rejecting God and the need for si |