Exodus 7:13
Exodus 7:13 in Multiple Translations
Still, Pharaoh’s heart was hardened, and he would not listen to them, just as the LORD had said.
And he hardened Pharaoh’s heart, that he hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had said.
And Pharaoh’s heart was hardened, and he hearkened not unto them; as Jehovah had spoken.
But Pharaoh's heart was made hard, and he did not give ear to them, as the Lord had said.
But Pharaoh had a hard, stubborn attitude, and he wouldn't listen to them, as the Lord had predicted.
So Pharaohs heart was hardened, and hee hearkened not to them, as the Lord had saide.
and the heart of Pharaoh is strong, and he hath not hearkened unto them, as Jehovah hath spoken.
Pharaoh’s heart was hardened, and he didn’t listen to them, as the LORD had spoken.
And he hardened Pharaoh's heart that he hearkened not to them; as the LORD had said.
And Pharao’s heart was hardened, and he did not hearken to them, as the Lord had commanded.
But the king continued to be stubborn [IDM], just as Yahweh had predicted, and he would not pay attention to what Aaron and Moses/I said.
Berean Amplified Bible — Exodus 7:13
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Exodus 7:13 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וַ/יֶּחֱזַק֙
לֵ֣ב
פַּרְעֹ֔ה
וְ/לֹ֥א
שָׁמַ֖ע
אֲלֵ/הֶ֑ם
כַּ/אֲשֶׁ֖ר
דִּבֶּ֥ר
יְהוָֽה
וַ/יֶּחֱזַק֙
châzaq
H2388
to strengthen
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
לֵ֣ב
lêb
H3820
heart
N-ms
פַּרְעֹ֔ה
Parʻôh
H6547
Pharaoh
N-proper
וְ/לֹ֥א
lôʼ
H3808
not
Conj | Part
שָׁמַ֖ע
shâmaʻ
H8085
to hear
V-Qal-Perf-3ms
אֲלֵ/הֶ֑ם
ʼêl
H413
to(wards)
Prep | Suff
כַּ/אֲשֶׁ֖ר
ʼăsher
H834
which
Prep | Rel
דִּבֶּ֥ר
dâbar
H1696
to speak
V-Piel-Perf-3ms
יְהוָֽה
Yᵉhôvâh
H3068
The Lord
N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
Select any word above to explore its original meaning, root, and usage across Scripture.
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Hebrew Word Reference — Exodus 7:13
וַ/יֶּחֱזַק֙
châzaq
H2388
"to strengthen"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
To strengthen means to be strong or courageous, and can also mean to seize or conquer, as seen in various KJV translations.
Definition: : strengthen/support/encourage 1) to strengthen, prevail, harden, be strong, become strong, be courageous, be firm, grow firm, be resolute, be sore 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to be strong, grow strong 1a1a) to prevail, prevail upon 1a1b) to be firm, be caught fast, be secure 1a1c) to press, be urgent 1a1d) to grow stout, grow rigid, grow hard (bad sense) 1a1e) to be severe, be grievous 1a2) to strengthen 1b) (Piel) 1b1) to make strong 1b2) to restore to strength, give strength 1b3) to strengthen, sustain, encourage 1b4) to make strong, make bold, encourage 1b5) to make firm 1b6) to make rigid, make hard 1c) (Hiphil) 1c1) to make strong, strengthen 1c2) to make firm 1c3) to display strength 1c4) to make severe 1c5) to support 1c6) to repair 1c7) to prevail, prevail upon 1c8) to have or take or keep hold of, retain, hold up, sustain, support 1c9) to hold, contain 1d) (Hithpael) 1d1) to strengthen oneself 1d2) to put forth strength, use one's strength 1d3) to withstand 1d4) to hold strongly with
Usage: Occurs in 266 OT verses. KJV: aid, amend, [idiom] calker, catch, cleave, confirm, be constant, constrain, continue, be of good (take) courage(-ous, -ly), encourage (self), be established, fasten, force, fortify, make hard, harden, help, (lay) hold (fast), lean, maintain, play the man, mend, become (wax) mighty, prevail, be recovered, repair, retain, seize, be (wax) sore, strengthen (self), be stout, be (make, shew, wax) strong(-er), be sure, take (hold), be urgent, behave self valiantly, withstand. See also: Genesis 19:16; 1 Chronicles 22:13; Psalms 27:14.
לֵ֣ב
lêb
H3820
"heart"
N-ms
Leb refers to the heart, but also represents feelings, will, and intellect in the Bible. It is used figuratively to describe the center of something, and is often translated as heart or mind. Leb is a complex concept that encompasses emotions and thoughts.
Definition: 1) inner man, mind, will, heart, understanding 1a) inner part, midst 1a1) midst (of things) 1a2) heart (of man) 1a3) soul, heart (of man) 1a4) mind, knowledge, thinking, reflection, memory 1a5) inclination, resolution, determination (of will) 1a6) conscience 1a7) heart (of moral character) 1a8) as seat of appetites 1a9) as seat of emotions and passions 1a10) as seat of courage
Usage: Occurs in 552 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] care for, comfortably, consent, [idiom] considered, courag(-eous), friend(-ly), ((broken-), (hard-), (merry-), (stiff-), (stout-), double) heart(-ed), [idiom] heed, [idiom] I, kindly, midst, mind(-ed), [idiom] regard(-ed), [idiom] themselves, [idiom] unawares, understanding, [idiom] well, willingly, wisdom. See also: Genesis 6:5; 2 Samuel 13:33; Psalms 4:8.
פַּרְעֹ֔ה
Parʻôh
H6547
"Pharaoh"
N-proper
In the Bible, Pharaoh refers to the king of Egypt, a powerful leader with great authority. The word is used in many passages, including Genesis 12:15 and Exodus 1:9, to describe the ruler of Egypt. It is a title of respect and power.
Definition: A man of the Egyptians living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Ki.23.29; also called Pharaoh at 2Ki.23.35 etc.; Another name of ne.kho (נְכוֹ "Neco" H5224G) § Pharaoh = "great house" the common title of the king of Egypt
Usage: Occurs in 230 OT verses. KJV: Pharaoh. See also: Genesis 12:15; Exodus 6:29; 2 Kings 23:35.
וְ/לֹ֥א
lôʼ
H3808
"not"
Conj | Part
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Definition: 1) not, no 1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition) 1b) not (with modifier-negation) 1c) nothing (subst) 1d) without (with particle) 1e) before (of time) Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Usage: Occurs in 3967 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] before, [phrase] or else, ere, [phrase] except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never, no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), ([idiom] as though...,(can-), for) not (out of), of nought, otherwise, out of, [phrase] surely, [phrase] as truly as, [phrase] of a truth, [phrase] verily, for want, [phrase] whether, without. See also: Genesis 2:5; Genesis 31:15; Exodus 4:9.
שָׁמַ֖ע
shâmaʻ
H8085
"to hear"
V-Qal-Perf-3ms
To hear and listen is what this Hebrew word means, often implying attention and obedience. In Exodus and Deuteronomy, it is used when God speaks to the people, and they must listen and obey.
Definition: : hear v 1) to hear, listen to, obey 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to hear (perceive by ear) 1a2) to hear of or concerning 1a3) to hear (have power to hear) 1a4) to hear with attention or interest, listen to 1a5) to understand (language) 1a6) to hear (of judicial cases) 1a7) to listen, give heed 1a7a) to consent, agree 1a7b) to grant request 1a8) to listen to, yield to 1a9) to obey, be obedient 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be heard (of voice or sound) 1b2) to be heard of 1b3) to be regarded, be obeyed 1c) (Piel) to cause to hear, call to hear, summon 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to cause to hear, tell, proclaim, utter a sound 1d2) to sound aloud (musical term) 1d3) to make proclamation, summon 1d4) to cause to be heard n m 2) sound
Usage: Occurs in 1072 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] attentively, call (gather) together, [idiom] carefully, [idiom] certainly, consent, consider, be content, declare, [idiom] diligently, discern, give ear, (cause to, let, make to) hear(-ken, tell), [idiom] indeed, listen, make (a) noise, (be) obedient, obey, perceive, (make a) proclaim(-ation), publish, regard, report, shew (forth), (make a) sound, [idiom] surely, tell, understand, whosoever (heareth), witness. See also: Genesis 3:8; Exodus 32:18; Deuteronomy 27:9.
אֲלֵ/הֶ֑ם
ʼêl
H413
"to(wards)"
Prep | Suff
This Hebrew word means 'to' or 'toward', showing direction or movement. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus, to indicate where someone is going. The KJV translates it in various ways, like 'about', 'according to', or 'against'.
Definition: 1) to, toward, unto (of motion) 2) into (limit is actually entered) 2a) in among 3) toward (of direction, not necessarily physical motion) 4) against (motion or direction of a hostile character) 5) in addition to, to 6) concerning, in regard to, in reference to, on account of 7) according to (rule or standard) 8) at, by, against (of one's presence) 9) in between, in within, to within, unto (idea of motion to)
Usage: Occurs in 4205 OT verses. KJV: about, according to, after, against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and, by, concerning, for, from, [idiom] hath, in(-to), near, (out) of, over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether, with(-in). See also: Genesis 1:9; Genesis 21:14; Genesis 31:13.
כַּ/אֲשֶׁ֖ר
ʼăsher
H834
"which"
Prep | Rel
This Hebrew word is a conjunction that connects ideas and events in the Bible, like in the book of Genesis, where it's used to describe the relationship between God and His creation.
Definition: A: 1) (relative part.) 1a) which, who 1b) that which 2) (conj) 2a) that (in obj clause) 2b) when 2c) since 2d) as 2e) conditional if B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which 2) (adv) 2a) where 3) (conj) 3a) in that, inasmuch as 3b) on account of C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which 2) from (the place) where 3) from (the fact) that, since D: Kaph+ 1) (conj.), according as, as, when 1a) according to that which, according as, as 1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since 1c) with a temporal force: when
Usage: Occurs in 4440 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] after, [idiom] alike, as (soon as), because, [idiom] every, for, [phrase] forasmuch, [phrase] from whence, [phrase] how(-soever), [idiom] if, (so) that ((thing) which, wherein), [idiom] though, [phrase] until, [phrase] whatsoever, when, where ([phrase] -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, [phrase] whither(-soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun expletively, used to show the connection. See also: Genesis 1:7; Genesis 20:9; Genesis 31:16.
דִּבֶּ֥ר
dâbar
H1696
"to speak"
V-Piel-Perf-3ms
To speak or communicate, like God speaking to Moses in Exodus or a king commanding his people. It can also mean to promise or warn someone.
Definition: : speak/tell/command 1) to speak, declare, converse, command, promise, warn, threaten, sing 1a) (Qal) to speak 1b) (Niphal) to speak with one another, talk 1c) (Piel) 1c1) to speak 1c2) to promise 1d) (Pual) to be spoken 1e) (Hithpael) to speak 1f) (Hiphil) to lead away, put to flight
Usage: Occurs in 1049 OT verses. KJV: answer, appoint, bid, command, commune, declare, destroy, give, name, promise, pronounce, rehearse, say, speak, be spokesman, subdue, talk, teach, tell, think, use (entreaties), utter, [idiom] well, [idiom] work. See also: Genesis 8:15; Exodus 12:25; Leviticus 23:9.
יְהוָֽה
Yᵉhôvâh
H3068
"The Lord"
N-proper
Yehovah is another name for God, often translated as 'the Lord'. It is a national name for God in the Jewish faith. This name is used throughout the Old Testament.
Definition: Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
Usage: Occurs in 5522 OT verses. KJV: Jehovah, the Lord. Compare H3050 (יָהּ), H3069 (יְהֹוִה). See also: Genesis 2:4; Genesis 24:42; Exodus 8:8.
Study Notes — Exodus 7:13
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Exodus 7:13 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Exodus 7:13
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 7:13
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Exodus 7:13
- Trapp's Commentary on Exodus 7:13
- Ellicott's Commentary on Exodus 7:13
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on Exodus 7:13
- Cambridge Bible on Exodus 7:13
- Barnes' Notes on Exodus 7:13
- Whedon's Commentary on Exodus 7:13
- Sermons on Exodus 7:13
Context — Aaron’s Staff
11But Pharaoh called the wise men and sorcerers and magicians of Egypt, and they also did the same things by their magic arts.
12Each one threw down his staff, and it became a serpent. But Aaron’s staff swallowed up the other staffs.
13Still, Pharaoh’s heart was hardened, and he would not listen to them, just as the LORD had said.
14Then the LORD said to Moses, “Pharaoh’s heart is unyielding; he refuses to let the people go. 15Go to Pharaoh in the morning as you see him walking out to the water. Wait on the bank of the Nile to meet him, and take in your hand the staff that was changed into a snake.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Exodus 4:21 | The LORD instructed Moses, “When you go back to Egypt, see that you perform before Pharaoh all the wonders that I have put within your power. But I will harden his heart so that he will not let the people go. |
| 2 | Exodus 8:15 | When Pharaoh saw that there was relief, however, he hardened his heart and would not listen to Moses and Aaron, just as the LORD had said. |
| 3 | Zechariah 7:11–12 | But they refused to pay attention and turned a stubborn shoulder; they stopped up their ears from hearing. They made their hearts like flint and would not listen to the law or to the words that the LORD of Hosts had sent by His Spirit through the earlier prophets. Therefore great anger came from the LORD of Hosts. |
| 4 | Hebrews 3:7–8 | Therefore, as the Holy Spirit says: “Today, if you hear His voice, do not harden your hearts, as you did in the rebellion, in the day of testing in the wilderness, |
| 5 | Exodus 10:27 | But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he was unwilling to let them go. |
| 6 | Hebrews 3:13 | But exhort one another daily, as long as it is called today, so that none of you may be hardened by sin’s deceitfulness. |
| 7 | Exodus 10:20 | But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not let the Israelites go. |
| 8 | Exodus 10:1 | Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the hearts of his officials, that I may perform these miraculous signs of Mine among them, |
| 9 | Romans 2:5 | But because of your hard and unrepentant heart, you are storing up wrath against yourself for the day of wrath, when God’s righteous judgment will be revealed. |
| 10 | Romans 1:28 | Furthermore, since they did not see fit to acknowledge God, He gave them up to a depraved mind, to do what ought not to be done. |
Exodus 7:13 Summary
This verse tells us that even though Pharaoh saw amazing miracles, he still refused to listen to God's message. His heart became hardened, which means he stopped caring about what God wanted (Exodus 7:13). This is a warning to us to always listen to God and obey Him, because if we don't, our hearts can become hardened too (Hebrews 3:15). We need to make sure we are listening to God's voice and following His commands, just like Moses and Aaron did (Exodus 7:1-13, Deuteronomy 30:19).
Frequently Asked Questions
Why did Pharaoh's heart become hardened?
Pharaoh's heart was hardened because he refused to listen to God's warnings and commands, just as the Lord had said would happen (Exodus 7:13, Exodus 4:21). This hardening was a result of his own stubbornness and rebellion against God.
Did God force Pharaoh's heart to be hardened?
The Bible teaches that God is sovereign, but it also emphasizes human responsibility. While God foreknew and predicted Pharaoh's hardness of heart, it was ultimately Pharaoh's choice to rebel against God (Romans 9:17, Exodus 7:13).
What does it mean that Pharaoh would not listen to them?
Pharaoh's refusal to listen to Moses and Aaron signifies his rejection of God's message and his authority (Exodus 7:13, Hebrews 3:15). This is a warning to all people to heed God's voice and respond in obedience.
How does this verse relate to the rest of the Exodus story?
This verse is a pivotal moment in the Exodus narrative, as it sets the stage for the subsequent plagues that God will send upon Egypt (Exodus 7:14-12:30). Pharaoh's hardness of heart will ultimately lead to the redemption of God's people and the demonstration of His power and glory (Exodus 14:4, Romans 9:17).
Reflection Questions
- What are some ways that I might be hardening my own heart against God's voice and will?
- How can I ensure that I am listening to and obeying God's commands, rather than rebelling against Him?
- What are some areas of my life where I need to surrender to God's sovereignty and trust in His goodness?
- How can I learn to recognize and respond to God's warnings and corrections in my life, rather than becoming hardened and stubborn?
Gill's Exposition on Exodus 7:13
And he hardened Pharaoh's heart,.... Or, "notwithstanding the heart of Pharaoh was hardened" (a); though he saw the rods of his magicians devoured by rod; or "therefore" (b) his heart was hardened,
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 7:13
And he hardened Pharaoh's heart, that he hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had said. No JFB commentary on this verse.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Exodus 7:13
He, the Lord, to whom this act of hardening is frequently ascribed both in this book and elsewhere.
Trapp's Commentary on Exodus 7:13
Exodus 7:13 And he hardened Pharaoh’ s heart, that he hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had said. Ver. 13. And he hardened Pharaoh’ s heart.] Not by bare prescience, or permission only, but by withdrawing his grace, directing the tyrant’ s actions to his own glory, irritating his corruptions by oracles and miracles, and delivering him up to Satan to be further hardened.
Ellicott's Commentary on Exodus 7:13
(13) He hardened Pharaoh’s heart.—This is a mis-translation. The verb is intransitive, and “Pharaoh’s heart” is its nominative case. Translate, “Pharaoh’s heart hardened itself.” It is essential to the idea of a final penal hardening that in the earlier stages Pharaoh should have been left to himself. That he hearkened not.—Heb., and he hearkened not.As the Lord had said.—See above, Exodus 3:19; Exodus 7:4
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Exodus 7:13
Verse 13. And he hardened Pharaoh's heart] ויחזק לב פרעה vaiyechezah leb Paroh, "And the heart of Pharaoh was hardened," the identical words which in Exodus 7:22 are thus translated, and which should have been rendered in the same way here, lest the hardening, which was evidently the effect of his own obstinate shutting of his eyes against the truth, should be attributed to God. See Clarke on Exodus 4:21.
Cambridge Bible on Exodus 7:13
13. was hardened] Heb. was strong. One of the three synonyms used in Ex. to express the idea of hardening of the heart: the three being (1) ḥ ?βzaḳ ?, ḥ ?izzηḳ ?, lit. to be and to make strong (i.e. firm, hard, unyielding, cf. Ezekiel 3:7-9 Heb.), used by P (Exodus 7:13; Exodus 7:22, Exodus 8:19, Exodus 9:12, Exodus 11:10, Exodus 14:4; Exodus 14:8; Exodus 14:17), and E (Exodus 4:21, Exodus 9:35, Exodus 10:20; Exodus 10:27); (2) kβbηd, hikbξd, lit. to be and to make heavy (i.e. slow to move or be affected, unimpressionable, cf. of the tongue, Exodus 4:10), used by J (Exodus 7:14, Exodus 8:15; Exodus 8:32, Exodus 9:7; Exodus 9:34, Exodus 10:1); and (3) hiḳ ?shβh, which is properly rendered, to harden (cf. the cognate adj. of the neck, Exodus 32:9 al.), only Exodus 7:3 (P). (1) and (2) are always distinguished in RV. of Ex. by a marg. In these passages, Pharaoh’s heart is itself said to be hard in Exodus 7:13-14; Exodus 7:22, Exodus 8:19, Exodus 9:7; Exodus 9:35; Pharaoh is said to harden it himself in Exodus 8:15; Exodus 8:32, Exodus 9:34; and God is said to harden it in Exodus 4:21, Exodus 7:3, Exodus 9:12, Exodus 10:1; Exodus 10:20; Exodus 10:27, Exodus 11:10, Exodus 14:4; Exodus 14:8 (cf. 17). See further the detached note below. and he hearkened not to them, as Jehovah had spoken] P’s closing formula (p. 55), as v. 22, Exodus 8:15 b, 19, Exodus 9:12. Had spoken, see v. 4a. Both in P (Exodus 7:13) and J (Exodus 6:1), the same point has thus been reached: the Pharaoh will listen to no request to let the people go. Accordingly stronger measures are threatened; and the ten ‘Plagues’ follow. On the hardening of Pharaoh’s heart God is spoken of as ‘hardening’ Pharaoh’s heart by E in Exodus 4:21, Exodus 10:20; Exodus 10:27, by J (or RJE) in Exodus 10:1, and by P in Exodus 7:3, Exodus 9:12, Exodus 11:10, Exodus 14:4; Exodus 14:8, by P also as hardening the heart of the Egyptians so that they followed Israel into the sea in Exodus 14:17 : in Exodus 4:21 and Exodus 7:3 generally, in view of the whole series of coming plagues, otherwise first after the sixth plague Exodus 9:12).
In what sense are these passages to be understood? The Hebrews, with their vivid sense of the sovereignty of God, were in the habit of referring things done by man to the direct operation of God; and it is possible that these are merely examples of the same custom: we may notice that the performance of signs and wonders in Egypt, which in Exodus 10:1 is described as a consequence of Jehovah’s having ‘hardened’ the hearts of Pharaoh and his servants, is in Exodus 11:9 represented as a consequence simply of Pharaoh’s not hearkening himself to Moses and Aaron. In this case, the meaning will be that God ‘hardened’ Pharaoh just in so far as he hardened himself.
Barnes' Notes on Exodus 7:13
And he hardened - Or Pharaoh’s heart was hardened. See Exodus 4:21.
Whedon's Commentary on Exodus 7:13
13. And he hardened Pharaoh’s heart — Rather, And hard was the heart of Pharaoh.
Sermons on Exodus 7:13
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
|
The Danger of a Compromised Life by Greg Laurie | In this sermon titled "The Danger of a Compromised Life," Pastor Greg Laurie discusses the story of Moses and the Israelites in the book of Exodus. He highlights how the Israelites |
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(Exodus) Exodus 7:2-9 by J. Vernon McGee | In this sermon, the preacher discusses the story of Moses and Pharaoh in the book of Exodus. He compares Pharaoh to King Cole, who wanted to appear generous but was actually hard-h |
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A Good Reminder About a Bad Heart by Jack Hayford | Jack Hayford delves into the story of Pharaoh in Exodus, highlighting the dangers of heart-hardness and resistance to God. He emphasizes the importance of humility, teachability, a |
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Pleading God's Promises by Bill McLeod | In this sermon, the speaker shares a powerful testimony of a pastor who struggled with addiction to pornography. The pastor realized the impact of his actions on Christ who lives w |
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(Through the Bible) Zechariah 6-10 by Chuck Smith | In this sermon, the speaker discusses the concept of a change of heart and how it is only achieved through being born again. He emphasizes that while people may change their minds |
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More on Josiah Humbling Himself Before the Lord by Bob Hoekstra | Bob Hoekstra preaches on the importance of responding humbly to God's word, using the example of King Josiah who, upon hearing the neglected word of God, humbly tore his clothes an |
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Jesus Today by Warren Wiersbe | In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the importance of perseverance and the sacrifice of Jesus. He highlights the role of Jesus as our High Priest who sympathizes with our weakn |