Ezekiel 48:16
Ezekiel 48:16 in Multiple Translations
and will have these measurements: 4,500 cubits on the north side, 4,500 cubits on the south side, 4,500 cubits on the east side, and 4,500 cubits on the west side.
And these shall be the measures thereof; the north side four thousand and five hundred, and the south side four thousand and five hundred, and on the east side four thousand and five hundred, and the west side four thousand and five hundred.
And these shall be the measures thereof: the north side four thousand and five hundred, and the south side four thousand and five hundred, and on the east side four thousand and five hundred, and the west side four thousand and five hundred.
And these will be its measures: the north side, four thousand five hundred, and the south side, four thousand five hundred, and on the east side, four thousand five hundred, and on the west side, four thousand five hundred.
and this will be its measurements: 4,500 cubits on all sides, north, south, east, and west.
And these shall be the measures thereof, the North part fiue hundreth and foure thousand, and the South parte fiue hundreth and foure thousande, and the East parte fiue hundreth and foure thousande, and the West parte fiue hundreth and foure thousande.
And these [are] its measures: the north side five hundred, and four thousand, and the south side five hundred, and four thousand, and on the east side five hundred, and four thousand, and the west side five hundred, and four thousand.
These shall be its measurements: the north side four thousand and five hundred, and the south side four thousand and five hundred, and on the east side four thousand and five hundred, and the west side four thousand and five hundred.
And these shall be the measures of it; the north side four thousand and five hundred, and the south side four thousand and five hundred, and on the east side four thousand and five hundred, and the west side four thousand and five hundred.
And these are the measures thereof: on the north side four thousand and five hundred: and on the south side four thousand and five hundred: and on the east side four thousand and five hundred: and on the west side four thousand and five hundred.
The city will be square, ◄1.5 miles/2.4 km.► on each side.
Berean Amplified Bible — Ezekiel 48:16
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Ezekiel 48:16 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וְ/אֵלֶּה֮
מִדּוֹתֶי/הָ֒
פְּאַ֣ת
צָפ֗וֹן
חֲמֵ֤שׁ
מֵאוֹת֙
וְ/אַרְבַּ֣עַת
אֲלָפִ֔ים
וּ/פְאַת
נֶ֕גֶב
חֲמֵ֥שׁ
חמש
מֵא֖וֹת
וְ/אַרְבַּ֣עַת
אֲלָפִ֑ים
וּ/מִ/פְּאַ֣ת
קָדִ֗ים
חֲמֵ֤שׁ
מֵאוֹת֙
וְ/אַרְבַּ֣עַת
אֲלָפִ֔ים
וּ/פְאַת
יָ֕מָּ/ה
חֲמֵ֥שׁ
מֵא֖וֹת
וְ/אַרְבַּ֥עַת
אֲלָפִֽים
וְ/אֵלֶּה֮
ʼêl-leh
H428
these
Conj | Pron
מִדּוֹתֶי/הָ֒
middâh
H4060
`great stature`
N-fp | Suff
פְּאַ֣ת
pêʼâh
H6285
side
N-fs
צָפ֗וֹן
tsâphôwn
H6828
Zaphon
N-fs
חֲמֵ֤שׁ
châmêsh
H2568
five
Adj
מֵאוֹת֙
mêʼâh
H3967
hundred
Adj
וְ/אַרְבַּ֣עַת
ʼarbaʻ
H702
four
Conj | Adj
אֲלָפִ֔ים
ʼeleph
H505
thousand
Adj
וּ/פְאַת
pêʼâh
H6285
side
Conj | N-fs
נֶ֕גֶב
negeb
H5045
Negeb
N-ms
חֲמֵ֥שׁ
châmêsh
H2568
five
Adj
חמש
châmêsh
H2568
five
Adj
מֵא֖וֹת
mêʼâh
H3967
hundred
Adj
וְ/אַרְבַּ֣עַת
ʼarbaʻ
H702
four
Conj | Adj
אֲלָפִ֑ים
ʼeleph
H505
thousand
Adj
וּ/מִ/פְּאַ֣ת
pêʼâh
H6285
side
Conj | Prep | N-fs
קָדִ֗ים
qâdîym
H6921
east
N-ms
חֲמֵ֤שׁ
châmêsh
H2568
five
Adj
מֵאוֹת֙
mêʼâh
H3967
hundred
Adj
וְ/אַרְבַּ֣עַת
ʼarbaʻ
H702
four
Conj | Adj
אֲלָפִ֔ים
ʼeleph
H505
thousand
Adj
וּ/פְאַת
pêʼâh
H6285
side
Conj | N-fs
יָ֕מָּ/ה
yâm
H3220
West
N-ms | Suff
חֲמֵ֥שׁ
châmêsh
H2568
five
Adj
מֵא֖וֹת
mêʼâh
H3967
hundred
Adj
וְ/אַרְבַּ֥עַת
ʼarbaʻ
H702
four
Conj | Adj
אֲלָפִֽים
ʼeleph
H505
thousand
Adj
Hebrew Word Study
Select any word above to explore its original meaning, root, and usage across Scripture.
Use ← → arrow keys to navigate between words.
Hebrew Word Reference — Ezekiel 48:16
וְ/אֵלֶּה֮
ʼêl-leh
H428
"these"
Conj | Pron
This Hebrew word is used to point out specific people or things, like saying 'these' or 'those'. It appears in the book of Genesis, where God says 'let there be light' and separates the light from the darkness.
Definition: 1) these 1a) used before antecedent 1b) used following antecedent Aramaic equivalent: el.leh (אֵלֶּה "these" H0429)
Usage: Occurs in 697 OT verses. KJV: an-(the) other; one sort, so, some, such, them, these (same), they, this, those, thus, which, who(-m). See also: Genesis 2:4; Exodus 35:1; Deuteronomy 1:35.
מִדּוֹתֶי/הָ֒
middâh
H4060
"`great stature`"
N-fp | Suff
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means something that is measured, like height, width, or a portion of something. It can also refer to a garment or tribute, like a tax. It is used to describe Goliath's great stature in 2 Samuel 21:20.
Definition: A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.21.20; son of: Rapha (H7497A); brother of: Goliath (H1555), Ishbi-benob (H3430), Saph (H5593), Lahmi (H3902) § (BDB) tribute
Usage: Occurs in 53 OT verses. KJV: garment, measure(-ing, meteyard, piece, size, (great) stature, tribute, wide. See also: Exodus 26:2; Isaiah 45:14; Psalms 39:5.
פְּאַ֣ת
pêʼâh
H6285
"side"
N-fs
This word refers to the side or corner of something, like the edge of a room or a region. It is used in the Bible to describe geography or location. In the KJV, it is translated as 'corner' or 'side'.
Definition: 1) corner, edge, side, quarter, extremity 1a) corner 1b) side
Usage: Occurs in 59 OT verses. KJV: corner, end, quarter, side. See also: Exodus 25:26; Jeremiah 25:23; Jeremiah 9:25.
צָפ֗וֹן
tsâphôwn
H6828
"Zaphon"
N-fs
This word means 'north' and is used to describe a direction or location. In the Bible, it is often translated as 'north' or 'northern side'.
Definition: This name means north Also named: tsa.phon (צָפוֹן "Zaphon" H6829)
Usage: Occurs in 141 OT verses. KJV: north(-ern, side, -ward, wind). See also: Genesis 13:14; Jeremiah 6:22; Psalms 48:3.
חֲמֵ֤שׁ
châmêsh
H2568
"five"
Adj
This Hebrew word simply means the number five. It is used throughout the Bible to describe quantities of five, such as five loaves of bread in Matthew 14:17. It can also mean a multiple of five.
Definition: 1) five 1a) five (cardinal number) 1b) a multiple of five (with another number) 1c) fifth (ordinal number)
Usage: Occurs in 272 OT verses. KJV: fif(-teen), fifth, five ([idiom] apiece). See also: Genesis 5:6; Numbers 31:45; Ezra 2:66.
מֵאוֹת֙
mêʼâh
H3967
"hundred"
Adj
Means a hundred, used as a simple number or part of a larger number in the Bible. It appears in various forms, including fractions like one one-hundredth. Found in books like Genesis and Psalms.
Definition: 1) hundred 1a) as simple number 1b) as part of larger number 1c) as a fraction-one one-hundredth (1/100) Aramaic equivalent: me.ah (מְאָה "hundred" H3969)
Usage: Occurs in 511 OT verses. KJV: hundred((-fold), -th), [phrase] sixscore. See also: Genesis 5:3; Numbers 2:6; Judges 18:17.
וְ/אַרְבַּ֣עַת
ʼarbaʻ
H702
"four"
Conj | Adj
The number four is a simple counting number in Hebrew, used to describe quantities of things, such as people, objects, or groups.
Definition: four
Usage: Occurs in 277 OT verses. KJV: four. See also: Genesis 2:10; Judges 20:47; Esther 9:21.
אֲלָפִ֔ים
ʼeleph
H505
"thousand"
Adj
A thousand, as in Exodus 20:6 where God shows love to thousands of people. It represents a large number or a company of people under one leader, like an army or a group of soldiers.
Definition: : thousand 1) a thousand 1a) as numeral 2) a thousand, company 2a) as a company of men under one leader, troops
Usage: Occurs in 390 OT verses. KJV: thousand. See also: Genesis 20:16; Joshua 3:4; 2 Kings 18:23.
וּ/פְאַת
pêʼâh
H6285
"side"
Conj | N-fs
This word refers to the side or corner of something, like the edge of a room or a region. It is used in the Bible to describe geography or location. In the KJV, it is translated as 'corner' or 'side'.
Definition: 1) corner, edge, side, quarter, extremity 1a) corner 1b) side
Usage: Occurs in 59 OT verses. KJV: corner, end, quarter, side. See also: Exodus 25:26; Jeremiah 25:23; Jeremiah 9:25.
נֶ֕גֶב
negeb
H5045
"Negeb"
N-ms
The Negeb is the southern district of Judah, also known as the south country, and can occasionally refer to Egypt, which is south of Palestine.
Definition: region of southern Judah Also named: ne.gev (נֶ֫גֶב "south" H5045H) This name means south-country
Usage: Occurs in 97 OT verses. KJV: south (country, side, -ward). See also: Genesis 12:9; 1 Samuel 14:5; Psalms 126:4.
חֲמֵ֥שׁ
châmêsh
H2568
"five"
Adj
This Hebrew word simply means the number five. It is used throughout the Bible to describe quantities of five, such as five loaves of bread in Matthew 14:17. It can also mean a multiple of five.
Definition: 1) five 1a) five (cardinal number) 1b) a multiple of five (with another number) 1c) fifth (ordinal number)
Usage: Occurs in 272 OT verses. KJV: fif(-teen), fifth, five ([idiom] apiece). See also: Genesis 5:6; Numbers 31:45; Ezra 2:66.
חמש
châmêsh
H2568
"five"
Adj
This Hebrew word simply means the number five. It is used throughout the Bible to describe quantities of five, such as five loaves of bread in Matthew 14:17. It can also mean a multiple of five.
Definition: 1) five 1a) five (cardinal number) 1b) a multiple of five (with another number) 1c) fifth (ordinal number)
Usage: Occurs in 272 OT verses. KJV: fif(-teen), fifth, five ([idiom] apiece). See also: Genesis 5:6; Numbers 31:45; Ezra 2:66.
מֵא֖וֹת
mêʼâh
H3967
"hundred"
Adj
Means a hundred, used as a simple number or part of a larger number in the Bible. It appears in various forms, including fractions like one one-hundredth. Found in books like Genesis and Psalms.
Definition: 1) hundred 1a) as simple number 1b) as part of larger number 1c) as a fraction-one one-hundredth (1/100) Aramaic equivalent: me.ah (מְאָה "hundred" H3969)
Usage: Occurs in 511 OT verses. KJV: hundred((-fold), -th), [phrase] sixscore. See also: Genesis 5:3; Numbers 2:6; Judges 18:17.
וְ/אַרְבַּ֣עַת
ʼarbaʻ
H702
"four"
Conj | Adj
The number four is a simple counting number in Hebrew, used to describe quantities of things, such as people, objects, or groups.
Definition: four
Usage: Occurs in 277 OT verses. KJV: four. See also: Genesis 2:10; Judges 20:47; Esther 9:21.
אֲלָפִ֑ים
ʼeleph
H505
"thousand"
Adj
A thousand, as in Exodus 20:6 where God shows love to thousands of people. It represents a large number or a company of people under one leader, like an army or a group of soldiers.
Definition: : thousand 1) a thousand 1a) as numeral 2) a thousand, company 2a) as a company of men under one leader, troops
Usage: Occurs in 390 OT verses. KJV: thousand. See also: Genesis 20:16; Joshua 3:4; 2 Kings 18:23.
וּ/מִ/פְּאַ֣ת
pêʼâh
H6285
"side"
Conj | Prep | N-fs
This word refers to the side or corner of something, like the edge of a room or a region. It is used in the Bible to describe geography or location. In the KJV, it is translated as 'corner' or 'side'.
Definition: 1) corner, edge, side, quarter, extremity 1a) corner 1b) side
Usage: Occurs in 59 OT verses. KJV: corner, end, quarter, side. See also: Exodus 25:26; Jeremiah 25:23; Jeremiah 9:25.
קָדִ֗ים
qâdîym
H6921
"east"
N-ms
In the Bible, this word means the direction east or the east wind, often used to describe geographical locations or the direction of the wind.
Definition: 1) east, east wind 1a) east (of direction) 1b) east wind
Usage: Occurs in 64 OT verses. KJV: east(-ward, wind). See also: Genesis 41:6; Ezekiel 43:17; Psalms 48:8.
חֲמֵ֤שׁ
châmêsh
H2568
"five"
Adj
This Hebrew word simply means the number five. It is used throughout the Bible to describe quantities of five, such as five loaves of bread in Matthew 14:17. It can also mean a multiple of five.
Definition: 1) five 1a) five (cardinal number) 1b) a multiple of five (with another number) 1c) fifth (ordinal number)
Usage: Occurs in 272 OT verses. KJV: fif(-teen), fifth, five ([idiom] apiece). See also: Genesis 5:6; Numbers 31:45; Ezra 2:66.
מֵאוֹת֙
mêʼâh
H3967
"hundred"
Adj
Means a hundred, used as a simple number or part of a larger number in the Bible. It appears in various forms, including fractions like one one-hundredth. Found in books like Genesis and Psalms.
Definition: 1) hundred 1a) as simple number 1b) as part of larger number 1c) as a fraction-one one-hundredth (1/100) Aramaic equivalent: me.ah (מְאָה "hundred" H3969)
Usage: Occurs in 511 OT verses. KJV: hundred((-fold), -th), [phrase] sixscore. See also: Genesis 5:3; Numbers 2:6; Judges 18:17.
וְ/אַרְבַּ֣עַת
ʼarbaʻ
H702
"four"
Conj | Adj
The number four is a simple counting number in Hebrew, used to describe quantities of things, such as people, objects, or groups.
Definition: four
Usage: Occurs in 277 OT verses. KJV: four. See also: Genesis 2:10; Judges 20:47; Esther 9:21.
אֲלָפִ֔ים
ʼeleph
H505
"thousand"
Adj
A thousand, as in Exodus 20:6 where God shows love to thousands of people. It represents a large number or a company of people under one leader, like an army or a group of soldiers.
Definition: : thousand 1) a thousand 1a) as numeral 2) a thousand, company 2a) as a company of men under one leader, troops
Usage: Occurs in 390 OT verses. KJV: thousand. See also: Genesis 20:16; Joshua 3:4; 2 Kings 18:23.
וּ/פְאַת
pêʼâh
H6285
"side"
Conj | N-fs
This word refers to the side or corner of something, like the edge of a room or a region. It is used in the Bible to describe geography or location. In the KJV, it is translated as 'corner' or 'side'.
Definition: 1) corner, edge, side, quarter, extremity 1a) corner 1b) side
Usage: Occurs in 59 OT verses. KJV: corner, end, quarter, side. See also: Exodus 25:26; Jeremiah 25:23; Jeremiah 9:25.
יָ֕מָּ/ה
yâm
H3220
"West"
N-ms | Suff
Refers to a large body of water like the Mediterranean Sea or a sea in general, sometimes specifically the west or seaward direction.
Definition: This name means sea, seaward, westward Another name of eph.ron (עֶפְרוֹן "(Mount )Ephron" H6085H)
Usage: Occurs in 339 OT verses. KJV: sea ([idiom] -faring man, (-shore)), south, west (-ern, side, -ward). See also: Genesis 1:10; Joshua 17:10; Psalms 8:9.
חֲמֵ֥שׁ
châmêsh
H2568
"five"
Adj
This Hebrew word simply means the number five. It is used throughout the Bible to describe quantities of five, such as five loaves of bread in Matthew 14:17. It can also mean a multiple of five.
Definition: 1) five 1a) five (cardinal number) 1b) a multiple of five (with another number) 1c) fifth (ordinal number)
Usage: Occurs in 272 OT verses. KJV: fif(-teen), fifth, five ([idiom] apiece). See also: Genesis 5:6; Numbers 31:45; Ezra 2:66.
מֵא֖וֹת
mêʼâh
H3967
"hundred"
Adj
Means a hundred, used as a simple number or part of a larger number in the Bible. It appears in various forms, including fractions like one one-hundredth. Found in books like Genesis and Psalms.
Definition: 1) hundred 1a) as simple number 1b) as part of larger number 1c) as a fraction-one one-hundredth (1/100) Aramaic equivalent: me.ah (מְאָה "hundred" H3969)
Usage: Occurs in 511 OT verses. KJV: hundred((-fold), -th), [phrase] sixscore. See also: Genesis 5:3; Numbers 2:6; Judges 18:17.
וְ/אַרְבַּ֥עַת
ʼarbaʻ
H702
"four"
Conj | Adj
The number four is a simple counting number in Hebrew, used to describe quantities of things, such as people, objects, or groups.
Definition: four
Usage: Occurs in 277 OT verses. KJV: four. See also: Genesis 2:10; Judges 20:47; Esther 9:21.
אֲלָפִֽים
ʼeleph
H505
"thousand"
Adj
A thousand, as in Exodus 20:6 where God shows love to thousands of people. It represents a large number or a company of people under one leader, like an army or a group of soldiers.
Definition: : thousand 1) a thousand 1a) as numeral 2) a thousand, company 2a) as a company of men under one leader, troops
Usage: Occurs in 390 OT verses. KJV: thousand. See also: Genesis 20:16; Joshua 3:4; 2 Kings 18:23.
Study Notes — Ezekiel 48:16
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Ezekiel 48:16 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Ezekiel 48:16
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Ezekiel 48:16
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Ezekiel 48:16
- Trapp's Commentary on Ezekiel 48:16
- Ellicott's Commentary on Ezekiel 48:16
- Cambridge Bible on Ezekiel 48:16
- Whedon's Commentary on Ezekiel 48:16
- Sermons on Ezekiel 48:16
Context — The Common Portion
14They must not sell or exchange any of it, and they must not transfer this best part of the land, for it is holy to the LORD.
15The remaining area, 5,000 cubits wide and 25,000 cubits long, will be for common use by the city, for houses, and for pastureland. The city will be in the center of it
16and will have these measurements: 4,500 cubits on the north side, 4,500 cubits on the south side, 4,500 cubits on the east side, and 4,500 cubits on the west side.
17The pastureland of the city will extend 250 cubits to the north, 250 cubits to the south, 250 cubits to the east, and 250 cubits to the west. 18The remainder of the length bordering the holy portion and running adjacent to it will be 10,000 cubits on the east side and 10,000 cubits on the west side. Its produce will supply food for the workers of the city.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Revelation 21:16 | The city lies foursquare, with its width the same as its length. And he measured the city with the rod, and all its dimensions were equal—12,000 stadia in length and width and height. |
Ezekiel 48:16 Summary
[The city in Ezekiel 48:16 has equal measurements on all sides, showing God's perfect plan and harmony. This is similar to the New Jerusalem in Revelation 21:16, which is also a perfect cube. The city's design teaches us about God's attention to detail and order, as seen in Exodus 25-31 and Psalm 19:1. By looking at these measurements, we can learn more about God's character and how He wants us to live in harmony with Him and with each other.]
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the significance of the city's measurements in Ezekiel 48:16?
The measurements of the city in Ezekiel 48:16, being equal on all sides, symbolize the perfection and harmony of God's plan, as seen in the uniformity of the New Jerusalem in Revelation 21:16. This emphasizes God's attention to detail and order.
How do these measurements relate to the rest of the land allocation in Ezekiel 48?
The measurements in Ezekiel 48:16 are part of the larger allocation of land to the tribes of Israel, as described in Ezekiel 48:1-29, and they ensure that the city is centrally located and evenly proportioned, much like the tabernacle's design in Exodus 25-31.
What can we infer about God's character from the precise measurements given in Ezekiel 48:16?
The precise measurements in Ezekiel 48:16 reveal God's character as one of order, precision, and attention to detail, reflecting His nature as described in Psalm 19:1 and Isaiah 40:28.
How does this verse relate to the concept of the 'holy city' in the Bible?
The measurements of the city in Ezekiel 48:16 contribute to the concept of the 'holy city', which is also seen in Revelation 21:2, emphasizing the city's role as a dwelling place for God's people, set apart for His glory.
Reflection Questions
- What does the uniformity of the city's measurements reveal about God's plan for our lives?
- How can we apply the principles of order and harmony seen in Ezekiel 48:16 to our own lives and communities?
- In what ways can we, as believers, reflect the character of God as revealed in the precise measurements of the city?
- What does the central location of the city, as described in Ezekiel 48:15-16, teach us about our position in relation to God's plan?
Gill's Exposition on Ezekiel 48:16
And this shall be the measures thereof,.... Of the city: the north side four thousand and five hundred; that is, measures or reeds: the south side four thousand and five hundred, and on the east side
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Ezekiel 48:16
And the five thousand, that are left in the breadth over against the five and twenty thousand, shall be a profane place for the city, for dwelling, and for suburbs: and the city shall be in the midst thereof.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Ezekiel 48:16
The measures; the extent and proportions of the ground for the city; a square of four thousand five hundred shall be taken out of the middle of the twenty-five thousand for the area or ground-plot of the city. So it shall be an equilateral square, every side exactly the same, north, south, east, and west, four thousand five hundred apiece, by which measures the whole contents are visible, eighteen thousand cubits, not reeds.
Trapp's Commentary on Ezekiel 48:16
Ezekiel 48:16 And these [shall be] the measures thereof; the north side four thousand and five hundred, and the south side four thousand and five hundred, and on the east side four thousand and five hundred, and the west side four thousand and five hundred.Ver. 16. And these shall be the measures thereof.] This representation is merely figurative and mystical, showing us how specious and spacious the Church of Christ is.
Ellicott's Commentary on Ezekiel 48:16
(16) The measures.—The city itself is to be an exact square of 4,500 reeds, and according to Ezekiel 48:17, was to have “suburbs,” or rather an open space on all sides of 250 reeds. The whole was, therefore, 5,000 reeds—a little less than ten miles—square, the exact width of the space that was left of the oblation, and leaving 10,000 reeds on each side of it.
Cambridge Bible on Ezekiel 48:16
16. The city shall be a square of 4500 cubits.
Whedon's Commentary on Ezekiel 48:16
15-19. “The five thousand [cubits] that are left in the breadth, in front of the five and twenty thousand, shall be for common use.” In the midst of this reserve (see chart, page 235) is the city,
Sermons on Ezekiel 48:16
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
|
(Revelation - Part 1): John Saw Further in All Directions by A.W. Tozer | In this sermon, the preacher discusses the book of Revelation and the visions that John saw. He describes how John saw various apocalyptic events, such as the sun turning black, th |
|
The Significance of Levites in Relation to Heavenly Fullness by T. Austin-Sparks | T. Austin-Sparks emphasizes the vital role of the Levites in the context of heavenly fullness, illustrating how they were set apart to bear the ark of the covenant and maintain a c |
|
Reconciliation by H.J. Vine | H.J. Vine preaches on the profound concept of reconciliation as highlighted in Romans 5:10-11; 11:13-15; 2 Corinthians 5:17-21. He emphasizes that sin in the flesh and the spirit d |