Ezra 10:31
Ezra 10:31 in Multiple Translations
From the descendants of Harim: Eliezer, Isshijah, Malchijah, Shemaiah, Shimeon,
And of the sons of Harim; Eliezer, Ishijah, Malchiah, Shemaiah, Shimeon,
And of the sons of Harim: Eliezer, Isshijah, Malchijah, Shemaiah, Shimeon,
And of the sons of Harim, Eliezer, Isshijah, Malchijah, Shemaiah, Shimeon,
From the sons of Harim: Eliezer, Ishijah, Malkijah, Shemaiah, Shimeon,
And of the sonnes of Harim, Eliezer, Ishiiah, Malchiah, Shemaiah, Shimeon,
And of the sons of Harim: Eliezer, Ishijah, Malchiah, Shemaiah, Shimeon,
Of the sons of Harim: Eliezer, Isshijah, Malchijah, Shemaiah, Shimeon,
And of the sons of Harim; Eliezer, Ishijah, Malchiah, Shemaiah, Shimeon,
And of the sons of Herem, Eliezer, Josue, Melchias, Semeias, Simeon,
From the clan of Harim there were Eliezer, Ishijah, Malkijah, Shemaiah, Shimeon,
Berean Amplified Bible — Ezra 10:31
BAB
Word Study
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Ezra 10:31 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וּ/בְנֵ֖י
חָרִ֑ם
אֱלִיעֶ֧זֶר
יִשִּׁיָּ֛ה
מַלְכִּיָּ֖ה
שְׁמַֽעְיָ֥ה
שִׁמְעֽוֹן
וּ/בְנֵ֖י
bên
H1121
son
Conj | N-mp
חָרִ֑ם
Chârim
H2766
Harim
N-proper
אֱלִיעֶ֧זֶר
ʼĔlîyʻezer
H461
Eliezer
N-proper
יִשִּׁיָּ֛ה
Yishshîyâh
H3449
Isshijah
N-proper
מַלְכִּיָּ֖ה
Malkîyâh
H4441
Malchiah
N-proper
שְׁמַֽעְיָ֥ה
Shᵉmaʻyâh
H8098
Shemaiah
N-proper
שִׁמְעֽוֹן
Shimʻôwn
H8095
Shimeon
N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Ezra 10:31
וּ/בְנֵ֖י
bên
H1121
"son"
Conj | N-mp
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Definition: : child/son
Usage: Occurs in 3653 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth. See also: Genesis 3:16; Genesis 23:3; Genesis 34:18.
חָרִ֑ם
Chârim
H2766
"Harim"
N-proper
Harim means dedicated and refers to a priest or a family head who returned with Zerubbabel from exile. He is mentioned in Ezra and Nehemiah as a key figure in the post-exile community.
Definition: A man living at the time of Exile and Return, first mentioned at Ezr.2.2; also called Harim at Neh.10.5; 12.15; Nehum at Neh.7.7; Another name of re.chum (רְחוּם "Rehum" H7348A) § Harim = "dedicated" 1) a priest in the time of David who had charge of the 3rd course 2) head of a family of exiles totalling 1017 who returned with Zerubbabel 3) another head of a family of exiles totalling 320 who returned with Zerubbabel 4) a priest in the time of Nehemiah 5) a ruler of the people under Nehemiah
Usage: Occurs in 11 OT verses. KJV: Harim. See also: 1 Chronicles 24:8; Nehemiah 3:11; Nehemiah 12:15.
אֱלִיעֶ֧זֶר
ʼĔlîyʻezer
H461
"Eliezer"
N-proper
Eliezer means God is help, the name of Abraham's servant and several Israelites, including a prophet and a priest. It appears in Ezra 10:31 and other biblical accounts. Eliezer played significant roles in Israel's history.
Definition: A man living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at Ezr.10.31 § Eliezer = "God is help" 1) Abraham's Damascene servant 2) a son of Moses 3) a Benjamite 4) a priest who helped move the ark 5) a Reubenite 6) a prophet who spoke to Jehoshaphat 7) a Levite chief 8) son of Harim 9) priest with foreign wife
Usage: Occurs in 13 OT verses. KJV: Eliezer. See also: Genesis 15:2; 1 Chronicles 26:25; Ezra 10:31.
יִשִּׁיָּ֛ה
Yishshîyâh
H3449
"Isshijah"
N-proper
Isshijah means Jehovah will lend, and refers to five different Israelites, including a Korhite warrior who joined David at Ziklag. One Isshijah was a Levite and grandson of Kohath. Another was a descendant of Uzziel. They lived during the time of David and Exile.
Definition: A man living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at Ezr.10.31 § Ishiah or Ishijah or Jesiah = "Jehovah will lend" 1) a Korhite, one of David's mighty warriors who joined him at Ziklag 2) the 5th of 5 sons of Izrahiah and one of the heads of the tribe of Issachar in the time of David 3) a Levite, the 2nd son of Uzziel and grandson of Kohath 4) another Levite, son of Rehabiah 5) a descendant of Harim who had a foreign wife
Usage: Occurs in 6 OT verses. KJV: Ishiah, Isshiah, Ishijah, Jesiah. See also: 1 Chronicles 7:3; 1 Chronicles 24:21; Ezra 10:31.
מַלְכִּיָּ֖ה
Malkîyâh
H4441
"Malchiah"
N-proper
Malchiah means my king is Jehovah, the name of ten Israelites. One Malchiah was the father of Pashhur, mentioned in Jeremiah 21:1. Malchiah was also the name of a priest in the time of David and Ezra.
Definition: A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at Jer.21.1; father of: Pashhur (H6583J) § Malchijah or Malchiah or Melchiah = "my king is Jehovah" 1) the father of Pashur in the time of Jeremiah 2) the son of Hammelech into whose dungeon Jeremiah was cast 3) the head of the 5th course of priests in the time of David 4) one of the priests who was at the reading of the law by Ezra, sealed the covenant with Nehemiah, and was at the dedication of the wall with Nehemiah 5) a Levite ancestor of Asaph and descendant of Levi through Gershon 6) son of Parosh who put away a foreign wife in the time of Ezra 7) son of Harim who put away a foreign wife and helped repair the wall and the Tower of Ovens in the time of Ezra and Nehemiah 8) son of Rechab, leader of the district of Beth Haccerem, who helped repair the Refuse Gate in the time of Nehemiah 9) a goldsmith who helped repair the wall in the time of Nehemiah
Usage: Occurs in 15 OT verses. KJV: Malchiah, Malchijah. See also: 1 Chronicles 6:25; Nehemiah 3:31; Jeremiah 21:1.
שְׁמַֽעְיָ֥ה
Shᵉmaʻyâh
H8098
"Shemaiah"
N-proper
Shemaiah means heard by God, the name of 25 Israelites, including a prophet in King Rehoboam's time and a false prophet in Jeremiah's time. He is mentioned in Jeremiah 36:12. Shemaiah was also the father of Delaiah, a prince of Judah.
Definition: A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at Jer.36.12; father of: Delaiah (H1806K) § Shemaiah = "heard by Jehovah" 1) a prophet of the Lord in the reign of king Rehoboam of Judah 2) the Nehelamite, a false prophet in the time of the prophet Jeremiah 3) father of Delaiah, one of the princes of Judah in the time of the prophet Jeremiah 4) an inhabitant of Kirjathjearim and father of Urijah, a prophet of the Lord in the time of the prophet Jeremiah 5) a Judaite, son of Shechaniah, father of Hattush, and descendant of Zerubbabel 6) a Simeonite, father of Shimri 7) a Reubenite, son of Joel and father of Gog 8) a Merarite Levite, son of Hasshub in the time of Nehemiah 9) a Levite, son of Galal and father of Obadiah 10) a Levite and head of the family of the sons of Elizaphan who were commissioned to bring the ark to Jerusalem in the time of David 11) a Levite and scribe, son of Nethaneel in the time of David 12) a Levite, 1st son of Obed-Edom in the time of David 13) a Levite, descendant of Jeduthun the singer in the time of king Hezekiah of Judah 14) a Levite, one of the messengers of Ezra to Iddo 15) a Levite in the time of king Jehoshaphat of Judah 16) a Levite, one of several in charge of distributing the free will offerings brought to God to their Levite brethren in the time of king Hezekiah of Judah 17) a Levite in the time of king Josiah of Judah 18) head of a family of exiles who returned with Ezra 19) a priest, of the sons of Harim who had a foreign wife in the time of Ezra 20) an Israelite of the sons of Harim who had a foreign wife in the time of Ezra 21) son of Delaiah, grandson of Mehetabeel, and a false prophet hired by Tobiah and Sanballat to give false guidance to Nehemiah 22) a priest who sealed the covenant with Nehemiah and participated in the dedication of the wall 23) a priest who returned from exile with Zerubbabel 24) a leader of the people at the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem in the time of Nehemiah 25) grandfather of the priest Zechariah who participated in the dedication of the wall in the time of Nehemiah 26) another of the priests who along with 25 took part in the dedication of the wall in the time of Nehemiah
Usage: Occurs in 39 OT verses. KJV: Shemaiah. See also: 1 Kings 12:22; 2 Chronicles 35:9; Jeremiah 26:20.
שִׁמְעֽוֹן
Shimʻôwn
H8095
"Shimeon"
N-proper
Shimeon, also known as Simeon, was the second son of Jacob and the progenitor of the tribe of Simeon. He is also the name of an Israelite who had a foreign wife during the time of Ezra.
Definition: A man living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at Ezr.10.31 § Simeon or Shimeon = "heard" 1) the 2nd son of Jacob by his wife Leah and progenitor of the tribe of Simeon 2) an Israelite of the sons of Bani who had a foreign wife in the time of Ezra
Usage: Occurs in 39 OT verses. KJV: Simeon. See also: Genesis 29:33; Numbers 26:12; Ezekiel 48:33.
Study Notes — Ezra 10:31
Show Verse Quote Highlights
Context — Those Guilty of Intermarriage
29From the descendants of Bani: Meshullam, Malluch, Adaiah, Jashub, Sheal, and Jeremoth.
30From the descendants of Pahath-moab: Adna, Chelal, Benaiah, Maaseiah, Mattaniah, Bezalel, Binnui, and Manasseh.
31From the descendants of Harim: Eliezer, Isshijah, Malchijah, Shemaiah, Shimeon,
32Benjamin, Malluch, and Shemariah. 33From the descendants of Hashum: Mattenai, Mattattah, Zabad, Eliphelet, Jeremai, Manasseh, and Shimei.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nehemiah 3:11 | Malchijah son of Harim and Hasshub son of Pahath-moab repaired another section, as well as the Tower of the Ovens. |
| 2 | Nehemiah 7:35 | the descendants of Harim, 320; |
| 3 | Ezra 2:32 | the descendants of Harim, 320; |
Ezra 10:31 Summary
Ezra 10:31 lists the names of some men from the Harim family who were part of the group of Israelites returning from exile and seeking to restore their relationship with God. These men, like Eliezer, Isshijah, and Shimeon, were taking steps to correct their mistakes and follow God's commands, as seen in Deuteronomy 7:3-4. This verse reminds us that everyone makes mistakes, but it's how we respond that matters - we can choose to repent and seek forgiveness, just like these men did, as seen in 1 John 1:9. By prioritizing our relationship with God and seeking to follow His will, we can experience restoration and renewal in our own lives, as promised in 2 Corinthians 5:17 and Isaiah 1:18.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who were the descendants of Harim and why are they listed in Ezra 10:31?
The descendants of Harim were a family group within the tribe of Israel who had intermarried with foreigners, as seen in Ezra 10:31, and were now seeking to make things right with God by divorcing their foreign wives, as instructed in Ezra 10:3 and Deuteronomy 7:3-4.
What is the significance of the names listed in Ezra 10:31?
The names Eliezer, Isshijah, Malchijah, Shemaiah, and Shimeon, listed in Ezra 10:31, represent individual members of the Harim family who were taking steps to repent and restore their faithfulness to God, much like the examples of repentance seen in 2 Chronicles 7:14 and 1 John 1:9.
How does this verse relate to the overall theme of restoration in the book of Ezra?
Ezra 10:31 is part of a larger narrative of restoration and renewal in the book of Ezra, as the Israelites return from exile and seek to rebuild their lives and their relationship with God, as prophesied in Isaiah 44:28 and fulfilled in Ezra 1:1-4.
What can we learn from the example of the Harim family in Ezra 10:31?
The Harim family's willingness to acknowledge and correct their mistakes, as seen in Ezra 10:31, serves as a model for us today, reminding us of the importance of humility, repentance, and obedience to God's commands, as taught in Proverbs 28:13 and 1 John 1:8-9.
Reflection Questions
- What are some areas in my own life where I need to seek restoration and renewal, and how can I take steps towards repentance and faithfulness?
- How can I, like the descendants of Harim, prioritize my relationship with God and make decisions that align with His will, as seen in Romans 12:2 and Colossians 1:9-10?
- What does it mean to 'make things right' with God, and how can I apply this principle in my own life, as seen in Matthew 5:23-24 and 1 Corinthians 10:31-33?
- How can I balance the need for personal repentance with the importance of seeking forgiveness and reconciliation with others, as seen in Matthew 6:14-15 and Ephesians 4:32?
Gill's Exposition on Ezra 10:31
[See comments on Ezra 10:19].
Ellicott's Commentary on Ezra 10:31
(18-44) List of the transgressors. (19) They gave their hands.—The four members of the high priest’s family were peculiarly dealt with. They gave their distinct pledge, and offered each a special trespass offering. It is one among a multitude of similar tokens of authenticity in the history; and inventor would have given some reason for the peculiarity. (22) Pashur.—Comparing Ezra 2:36-39, we find that all the priestly families that returned with Zerub-babel were implicated in the national offence. (25) Of Israel.—Of the laity eighty-six are mentioned, belonging to ten races which returned with Zerubbabel. (34) Bani.—Probably this should be some other name, as Bani occurs before. The peculiarly large number of the representatives of his race suggests that there is some confusion in the present text. (44) All these had taken strange wives.—Though the numbers are not summed up and distributed, it is evident that this closing sentence is emphatic. Ezra ends his history with a catalogue of the delinquents—strong testimony to the importance he attached to the reformation.
The last words—literally, and there were of them wives who had brought forth children—tend in the same direction. Not even this pathetic fact restrained the thoroughness of the excision. But the Book of Nehemiah (Nehemiah 13:23 seq.) will show that it was thorough only for a time.
Cambridge Bible on Ezra 10:31
18–44. The List of those who ‘had married strange women’The record of the names was probably one of the documents officially preserved. The publicity of such a list was in itself a punishment to the offenders and a warning to others. As in chap. 2, the list falls into the three groups of Priests, Levites, and Israel (or Laity), i.e. 17 Priests, 10 Levites, 86 ‘of Israel’—113 in all.