Isaiah 10:31
Isaiah 10:31 in Multiple Translations
Madmenah flees; the people of Gebim take refuge.
Madmenah is removed; the inhabitants of Gebim gather themselves to flee.
Madmenah is a fugitive; the inhabitants of Gebim flee for safety.
Madmenah has gone; the men of Gebim are putting their goods in a safe place.
The people of Madmenah, are all running away. The inhabitants of Gebim are looking for somewhere safe.
Madmenah is remoued: the inhabitants of Gebim haue gathered themselues together.
Fled away hath Madmenah, The inhabitants of the high places have hardened themselves.
Madmenah is a fugitive. The inhabitants of Gebim flee for safety.
Madmenah is removed; the inhabitants of Gebim gather themselves to flee.
Medemena is removed: ye inhabitants of Gabim, take courage.
The people of Madmenah town north of Jerusalem will all be running away, and the people of Gebim town close to Jerusalem will be trying to hide.
Berean Amplified Bible — Isaiah 10:31
BAB
Word Study
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Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Isaiah 10:31 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
נָדְדָ֖ה
מַדְמֵנָ֑ה
יֹשְׁבֵ֥י
הַ/גֵּבִ֖ים
הֵעִֽיזוּ
נָדְדָ֖ה
nâdad
H5074
to wander
V-Qal-Perf-3fs
מַדְמֵנָ֑ה
Madmênâh
H4088
Madmenah
N-proper
יֹשְׁבֵ֥י
yâshab
H3427
to dwell
V-Qal
הַ/גֵּבִ֖ים
Gêbîym
H1374
Gebim
Art | N-proper
הֵעִֽיזוּ
ʻûwz
H5756
to seek refuge
V-Hiphil-Perf-3cp
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Isaiah 10:31
נָדְדָ֖ה
nâdad
H5074
"to wander"
V-Qal-Perf-3fs
This Hebrew word means to wander or flee, and is used in the Bible to describe people moving from place to place, like the Israelites in the wilderness in Exodus 14:3. It can also mean to chase someone away or to flutter like a bird.
Definition: 1) to retreat, flee, depart, move, wander abroad, stray, flutter 1a)(Qal) 1a1) to retreat, flee 1a2) to flee, depart 1a3) to wander, stray 1a4) to flutter (of birds) 1b) (Poal) to flee away, be chased 1c) (Hiphil) to chase away 1d) (Hophal) to be chased away 1e) (Hithpolel) to flee away Aramaic equivalent: ne.dad (נְדַד "to flee" H5075)
Usage: Occurs in 26 OT verses. KJV: chase (away), [idiom] could not, depart, flee ([idiom] apace, away), (re-) move, thrust away, wander (abroad, -er, -ing). See also: Genesis 31:40; Isaiah 16:2; Psalms 31:12.
מַדְמֵנָ֑ה
Madmênâh
H4088
"Madmenah"
N-proper
Madmenah was a village in Palestine, located north of Jerusalem, and its name means dunghill. It was part of the Benjamite villages. The place is mentioned in the Bible as a location in the area.
Definition: § Madmenah = "dunghill" one of the Benjamite villages north of Jerusalem
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: Madmenah. See also: Isaiah 10:31.
יֹשְׁבֵ֥י
yâshab
H3427
"to dwell"
V-Qal
This verb means to sit or dwell, and can also mean to remain or abide. It's used in the Bible to describe people living in a place or staying with someone, like in the book of Genesis.
Definition: 1) to dwell, remain, sit, abide 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to sit, sit down 1a2) to be set 1a3) to remain, stay 1a4) to dwell, have one's abode 1b) (Niphal) to be inhabited 1c) (Piel) to set, place 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to cause to sit 1d2) to cause to abide, set 1d3) to cause to dwell 1d4) to cause (cities) to be inhabited 1d5) to marry (give an dwelling to) 1e) (Hophal) 1e1) to be inhabited 1e2) to make to dwell Aramaic equivalent: ye.tiv (יְתִב "to dwell" H3488)
Usage: Occurs in 977 OT verses. KJV: (make to) abide(-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-ing), ease self, endure, establish, [idiom] fail, habitation, haunt, (make to) inhabit(-ant), make to keep (house), lurking, [idiom] marry(-ing), (bring again to) place, remain, return, seat, set(-tle), (down-) sit(-down, still, -ting down, -ting (place) -uate), take, tarry. See also: Genesis 4:16; Leviticus 25:18; Joshua 13:6.
הַ/גֵּבִ֖ים
Gêbîym
H1374
"Gebim"
Art | N-proper
Gebim refers to a village in Palestine, north of Jerusalem, likely between Anathoth and Nob, with a name meaning cisterns. It appears in the Bible as a place name. The location is significant in biblical geography.
Definition: § Gebim = "cisterns" a village north of Jerusalem apparently between Anathoth (modern Anata) and the ridge on which Nob was situated
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: Gebim. See also: Isaiah 10:31.
הֵעִֽיזוּ
ʻûwz
H5756
"to seek refuge"
V-Hiphil-Perf-3cp
This Hebrew word means to seek refuge or flee to a safe place, like when David hid from King Saul. It is used to describe taking shelter or finding protection from harm. In the Bible, it often symbolizes trusting in God for safety.
Definition: (Hiphil) to take refuge, bring to refuge, seek refuge
Usage: Occurs in 4 OT verses. KJV: gather (self, self to flee), retire. See also: Exodus 9:19; Jeremiah 4:6; Isaiah 10:31.
Study Notes — Isaiah 10:31
Show Verse Quote Highlights
Context — A Remnant Shall Return
29They have crossed at the ford: “We will spend the night at Geba.” Ramah trembles; Gibeah of Saul flees.
30Cry aloud, O Daughter of Gallim! Listen, O Laishah! O wretched Anathoth!
31Madmenah flees; the people of Gebim take refuge.
32Yet today they will halt at Nob, shaking a fist at the mount of Daughter Zion, at the hill of Jerusalem. 33Behold, the Lord GOD of Hosts will lop off the branches with terrifying power. The tall trees will be cut down, the lofty ones will be felled.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Joshua 15:31 | Ziklag, Madmannah, Sansannah, |
Isaiah 10:31 Summary
In Isaiah 10:31, we see that the people of Madmenah are running away, and the people of Gebim are hiding for safety. This is a picture of what happens when people are scared and don't know what to do. But as believers, we can trust in God as our Refuge and Rock, as seen in Psalm 18:1-50 and Psalm 91:1-16. We can run to Him for safety and protection, and He will take care of us, as promised in Jeremiah 29:11 and Romans 8:28.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is happening in Isaiah 10:31?
In Isaiah 10:31, the people of Madmenah are fleeing, and the people of Gebim are taking refuge, indicating a time of war and chaos, as prophesied in Isaiah 10:25-27, where God judges the nations, including Israel, for their sins, as seen in Isaiah 1:1-31.
Why are the people of Gebim taking refuge?
The people of Gebim are taking refuge because they are seeking safety and protection from the invading army, as God commands His people to trust in Him for refuge and safety in Psalm 91:1-16 and Proverbs 18:10.
Is this verse talking about a specific historical event?
Isaiah 10:31 is part of a larger prophecy about the Assyrian invasion of Judah, as seen in Isaiah 10:1-34, and is fulfilled in 2 Kings 15:29 and 2 Kings 17:1-23, where God uses the Assyrians to judge His people for their sins, as warned in Deuteronomy 28:1-68.
What can we learn from the actions of the people in this verse?
We can learn that in times of trouble and uncertainty, we should seek refuge in God, as He is our Rock and our Salvation, as stated in Psalm 18:1-50 and Isaiah 40:28-31, and trust in His sovereignty and goodness, as seen in Romans 8:28 and Jeremiah 29:11.
Reflection Questions
- What are some ways that I can take refuge in God when I feel overwhelmed or afraid, as seen in Psalm 34:1-22 and Matthew 11:28-30?
- How can I trust in God's sovereignty and goodness, even when I don't understand what is happening, as encouraged in Proverbs 3:5-6 and Isaiah 55:8-9?
- What are some areas of my life where I need to seek refuge in God, and how can I do that, as taught in Hebrews 4:14-16 and 1 Peter 5:6-7?
- How can I be a source of refuge and comfort for others, as they navigate difficult times, as instructed in Galatians 6:2 and 1 Thessalonians 5:11?
Gill's Exposition on Isaiah 10:31
Madmenah is removed,.... That is, the inhabitants of it, who removed from thence upon hearing that the Assyrian army had invaded the land, and was coming up to Jerusalem.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Isaiah 10:31
He is come to Aiath, he is passed to Migron; at Michmash he hath laid up his carriages: Onward gradual march of Sennacherib's army toward Jerusalem, and the panic of the inhabitants, vividly pictured before the eyes.
Trapp's Commentary on Isaiah 10:31
Isaiah 10:31 Madmenah is removed; the inhabitants of Gebim gather themselves to flee.Ver. 31. Madmena is removed,] i.e., Fled for fear, as Gibeah.
Cambridge Bible on Isaiah 10:31
31. Madmenah (Dung-hill) and Gebim (Cisterns) are both unknown. For gather themselves to flee render: hastily secure (their belongings), Exodus 9:19.
Barnes' Notes on Isaiah 10:31
Madmenah - This city is mentioned nowhere else. The city of Madmanna, or Medemene, mentioned in Joshua 15:31, was in the bounds of the tribe of Simeon, and was far south, toward Gaza. It cannot be the place intended here.
Whedon's Commentary on Isaiah 10:31
29-34. The towns or villages lay within from two to twelve miles (English) north-northeast from Jerusalem.“He comes from Ayyath; (Ai, probably ten to twelve miles from Jerusalem;) passes through