Psalms 105:28
Psalms 105:28 in Multiple Translations
He sent darkness, and it became dark— yet they defied His words.
He sent darkness, and made it dark; and they rebelled not against his word.
He sent darkness, and made it dark; And they rebelled not against his words.
He sent black night and made it dark; and they did not go against his word.
He plunged the country into darkness—for hadn't they defied what the Lord had said?
He sent darkenesse, and made it darke: and they were not disobedient vnto his commission.
He hath sent darkness, and it is dark, And they have not provoked His word.
He sent darkness, and made it dark. They didn’t rebel against his words.
He sent darkness, and made it dark; and they rebelled not against his word.
They also were initiated to Beelphegor: and ate the sacrifices of the dead.
Yahweh sent darkness, so that the people of Egypt could not see anything [DOU], but the rulers of Egypt refused [RHQ] to obey when Moses and Aaron commanded them to let the Israeli people leave Egypt.
Berean Amplified Bible — Psalms 105:28
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Psalms 105:28 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
שָׁ֣לַֽח
חֹ֭שֶׁךְ
וַ/יַּחְשִׁ֑ךְ
וְ/לֹֽא
מָ֝ר֗וּ
אֶת
דברו/ו
דְּבָרֽ/וֹ
שָׁ֣לַֽח
shâlach
H7971
to send
V-Qal-Perf-3ms
חֹ֭שֶׁךְ
chôshek
H2822
darkness
N-ms
וַ/יַּחְשִׁ֑ךְ
châshak
H2821
to darken
Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-3ms
וְ/לֹֽא
lôʼ
H3808
not
Conj | Part
מָ֝ר֗וּ
mârâh
H4784
to rebel
V-Qal-Perf-3cp
אֶת
ʼêth
H853
Obj.
DirObjM
דברו/ו
dâbâr
H1697
Chronicles
N-mp | Suff
דְּבָרֽ/וֹ
dâbâr
H1697
Chronicles
N-ms | Suff
Hebrew Word Study
Select any word above to explore its original meaning, root, and usage across Scripture.
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Hebrew Word Reference — Psalms 105:28
שָׁ֣לַֽח
shâlach
H7971
"to send"
V-Qal-Perf-3ms
To send or depart is the meaning of this Hebrew word, which has various applications in the Bible. It can describe sending someone or something away, or letting something go.
Definition: : depart/send 1) to send, send away, let go, stretch out 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to send 1a2) to stretch out, extend, direct 1a3) to send away 1a4) to let loose 1b) (Niphal) to be sent 1c) (Piel) 1c1) to send off or away or out or forth, dismiss, give over, cast out 1c2) to let go, set free 1c3) to shoot forth (of branches) 1c4) to let down 1c5) to shoot 1d) (Pual) to be sent off, be put away, be divorced, be impelled 1e) (Hiphil) to send
Usage: Occurs in 790 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] any wise, appoint, bring (on the way), cast (away, out), conduct, [idiom] earnestly, forsake, give (up), grow long, lay, leave, let depart (down, go, loose), push away, put (away, forth, in, out), reach forth, send (away, forth, out), set, shoot (forth, out), sow, spread, stretch forth (out). See also: Genesis 3:22; Exodus 9:27; Joshua 14:11.
חֹ֭שֶׁךְ
chôshek
H2822
"darkness"
N-ms
This word refers to darkness, both physical and spiritual. It can also mean misery, destruction, or wickedness. In the Bible, it is often used to describe a state of being without light or hope.
Definition: 1) darkness, obscurity 1a) darkness 1b) secret place
Usage: Occurs in 77 OT verses. KJV: dark(-ness), night, obscurity. See also: Genesis 1:2; Psalms 35:6; Psalms 18:12.
וַ/יַּחְשִׁ֑ךְ
châshak
H2821
"to darken"
Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-3ms
This word means to darken or become dark. It can also mean to hide or conceal something. In the Bible, it is used to describe a lack of light or understanding.
Definition: 1) to be or become dark, grow dim, be darkened, be black, be hidden 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to be or grow dark 1a2) to have a dark colour 1a3) to grow dim 1b) (Hiphil) 1b1) to make dark, cause to be dark 1b2) to hide, conceal 1b3) to obscure, confuse (fig.)
Usage: Occurs in 18 OT verses. KJV: be black, be (make) dark, darken, cause darkness, be dim, hide. See also: Exodus 10:15; Isaiah 5:30; Psalms 69:24.
וְ/לֹֽא
lôʼ
H3808
"not"
Conj | Part
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Definition: 1) not, no 1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition) 1b) not (with modifier-negation) 1c) nothing (subst) 1d) without (with particle) 1e) before (of time) Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Usage: Occurs in 3967 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] before, [phrase] or else, ere, [phrase] except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never, no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), ([idiom] as though...,(can-), for) not (out of), of nought, otherwise, out of, [phrase] surely, [phrase] as truly as, [phrase] of a truth, [phrase] verily, for want, [phrase] whether, without. See also: Genesis 2:5; Genesis 31:15; Exodus 4:9.
מָ֝ר֗וּ
mârâh
H4784
"to rebel"
V-Qal-Perf-3cp
To rebel means to resist or disobey authority, often in a stubborn or defiant way. In the Bible, it's used to describe people's disobedience towards God or their parents.
Definition: 1) to be contentious, be rebellious, be refractory, be disobedient towards, be rebellious against 1a) (Qal) to be disobedient, be rebellious 1a1) towards father 1a2) towards God 1b) (Hiphil) to show rebelliousness, show disobedience, disobey
Usage: Occurs in 44 OT verses. KJV: bitter, change, be disobedient, disobey, grievously, provocation, provoke(-ing), (be) rebel (against, -lious). See also: Numbers 20:10; Psalms 78:17; Psalms 5:11.
אֶת
ʼêth
H853
"Obj."
DirObjM
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Definition: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
Usage: Occurs in 6782 OT verses. KJV: (as such unrepresented in English). See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 10:8; Genesis 19:21.
דברו/ו
dâbâr
H1697
"Chronicles"
N-mp | Suff
A word or thing, like a matter or affair, as seen in the book of Chronicles where it refers to the events and words of kings. It can also mean a cause or reason for something.
Definition: This name means word, speaking
Usage: Occurs in 1290 OT verses. KJV: act, advice, affair, answer, [idiom] any such (thing), because of, book, business, care, case, cause, certain rate, [phrase] chronicles, commandment, [idiom] commune(-ication), [phrase] concern(-ing), [phrase] confer, counsel, [phrase] dearth, decree, deed, [idiom] disease, due, duty, effect, [phrase] eloquent, errand, (evil favoured-) ness, [phrase] glory, [phrase] harm, hurt, [phrase] iniquity, [phrase] judgment, language, [phrase] lying, manner, matter, message, (no) thing, oracle, [idiom] ought, [idiom] parts, [phrase] pertaining, [phrase] please, portion, [phrase] power, promise, provision, purpose, question, rate, reason, report, request, [idiom] (as hast) said, sake, saying, sentence, [phrase] sign, [phrase] so, some (uncleanness), somewhat to say, [phrase] song, speech, [idiom] spoken, talk, task, [phrase] that, [idiom] there done, thing (concerning), thought, [phrase] thus, tidings, what(-soever), [phrase] wherewith, which, word, work. See also: Genesis 11:1; Exodus 23:8; Deuteronomy 18:21.
דְּבָרֽ/וֹ
dâbâr
H1697
"Chronicles"
N-ms | Suff
A word or thing, like a matter or affair, as seen in the book of Chronicles where it refers to the events and words of kings. It can also mean a cause or reason for something.
Definition: This name means word, speaking
Usage: Occurs in 1290 OT verses. KJV: act, advice, affair, answer, [idiom] any such (thing), because of, book, business, care, case, cause, certain rate, [phrase] chronicles, commandment, [idiom] commune(-ication), [phrase] concern(-ing), [phrase] confer, counsel, [phrase] dearth, decree, deed, [idiom] disease, due, duty, effect, [phrase] eloquent, errand, (evil favoured-) ness, [phrase] glory, [phrase] harm, hurt, [phrase] iniquity, [phrase] judgment, language, [phrase] lying, manner, matter, message, (no) thing, oracle, [idiom] ought, [idiom] parts, [phrase] pertaining, [phrase] please, portion, [phrase] power, promise, provision, purpose, question, rate, reason, report, request, [idiom] (as hast) said, sake, saying, sentence, [phrase] sign, [phrase] so, some (uncleanness), somewhat to say, [phrase] song, speech, [idiom] spoken, talk, task, [phrase] that, [idiom] there done, thing (concerning), thought, [phrase] thus, tidings, what(-soever), [phrase] wherewith, which, word, work. See also: Genesis 11:1; Exodus 23:8; Deuteronomy 18:21.
Study Notes — Psalms 105:28
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Psalms 105:28 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Psalms 105:28
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Psalms 105:28
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Psalms 105:28
- Trapp's Commentary on Psalms 105:28
- Ellicott's Commentary on Psalms 105:28
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on Psalms 105:28
- Cambridge Bible on Psalms 105:28
- Barnes' Notes on Psalms 105:28
- Whedon's Commentary on Psalms 105:28
- Sermons on Psalms 105:28
Context — Tell of His Wonders
26He sent Moses His servant, and Aaron, whom He had chosen.
27They performed His miraculous signs among them, and wonders in the land of Ham.
28He sent darkness, and it became dark— yet they defied His words.
29He turned their waters to blood and caused their fish to die. 30Their land teemed with frogs, even in their royal chambers.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalms 99:7 | He spoke to them from the pillar of cloud; they kept His decrees and the statutes He gave them. |
| 2 | Joel 2:31 | The sun will be turned to darkness and the moon to blood before the coming of the great and awesome Day of the LORD. |
| 3 | Joel 2:2 | a day of darkness and gloom, a day of clouds and blackness. Like the dawn overspreading the mountains a great and strong army appears, such as never was of old, nor will ever be in ages to come. |
| 4 | 2 Peter 2:4 | For if God did not spare the angels when they sinned, but cast them deep into hell, placing them in chains of darkness to be held for judgment; |
| 5 | Ezekiel 2:4–8 | They are obstinate and stubborn children. I am sending you to them, and you are to say to them, ‘This is what the Lord GOD says.’ And whether they listen or refuse to listen—for they are a rebellious house—they will know that a prophet has been among them. But you, son of man, do not be afraid of them or their words. Do not be afraid, though briers and thorns surround you, and you dwell among scorpions. Do not be afraid of their words or dismayed by their presence, though they are a rebellious house. But speak My words to them, whether they listen or refuse to listen, for they are rebellious. And you, son of man, listen to what I tell you. Do not be rebellious like that rebellious house. Open your mouth and eat what I give you.” |
| 6 | Exodus 10:21–23 | Then the LORD said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand toward heaven, so that darkness may spread over the land of Egypt—a palpable darkness.” So Moses stretched out his hand toward heaven, and total darkness covered all the land of Egypt for three days. No one could see anyone else, and for three days no one left his place. Yet all the Israelites had light in their dwellings. |
| 7 | Luke 23:44–45 | It was now about the sixth hour, and darkness came over all the land until the ninth hour. The sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple was torn down the middle. |
| 8 | 2 Peter 2:17 | These men are springs without water and mists driven by a storm. Blackest darkness is reserved for them. |
Psalms 105:28 Summary
Psalms 105:28 tells us about a time when God sent darkness over Egypt as a plague, but even with this powerful display, the Egyptians refused to listen to God's words. This shows how stubborn and hard-hearted the Egyptians were, similar to the hardness of heart described in Exodus 8:15. Just like the Egyptians, we can sometimes defy God's commands, but it's essential to remember that God is always in control, as seen in Psalms 115:3, and that His ways are not our ways, as stated in Isaiah 55:8-9. By trusting in God's power and obeying His words, we can experience His deliverance and redemption, as promised in Exodus 6:6-8 and celebrated in Psalms 106:1.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does the darkness in Psalms 105:28 represent?
The darkness in this verse represents one of the plagues God sent upon Egypt, as described in Exodus 10:21-22, to demonstrate His power and to bring about the release of the Israelites from bondage.
Why did the Egyptians defy God's words despite the plagues?
The Egyptians defied God's words due to their hardness of heart, as seen in Exodus 8:15 and Exodus 9:34, which ultimately led to their downfall and the redemption of the Israelites.
How does this verse relate to the overall story of the Israelites' deliverance?
This verse is part of the narrative of God's rescue of the Israelites from Egyptian slavery, showcasing His power and faithfulness to His people, as promised in Genesis 12:3 and reiterated in Exodus 6:6-8.
What lesson can we learn from the Egyptians' defiance of God's words?
The lesson we can learn is the importance of obedience to God's commands, as seen in Deuteronomy 11:27-28, and the consequences of disobedience, highlighting the need for humility and trust in God's sovereignty, as encouraged in Proverbs 3:5-6.
Reflection Questions
- How do I respond when faced with difficulties or challenges, and do I trust in God's power to deliver me, as seen in this verse and in stories like Daniel 3:17-18?
- In what ways can I be more obedient to God's words, and what are the benefits of such obedience, as described in Psalms 119:1-2 and John 14:15?
- How can I apply the lesson of the Egyptians' hardness of heart to my own life, avoiding stubbornness and instead seeking a soft and receptive heart towards God, as encouraged in Ezekiel 36:26 and Matthew 5:8?
- What are some areas in my life where I may be defying God's words, and how can I surrender these areas to His will, as taught in Romans 12:1-2 and 2 Corinthians 10:5?
Gill's Exposition on Psalms 105:28
He sent darkness, and made it dark,.... The land of Egypt; either he, God, or it, darkness, made it dark, or it was made dark; the Targum is, "made them dark;'' that is, the Egyptians; darkness was a
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Psalms 105:28
He sent darkness, and made it dark; and they rebelled not against his word. He sent darkness, and made it dark. The second last plague is only alluded to (Exodus 10:22-23). The "darkness" is mainly figurative.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Psalms 105:28
Either, 1. The darkness and other plagues; which obeyed God’ s word, and instantly came at God’ s call. So this may be a reflection upon the Egyptians, that those brutish or unreasonable creatures were more obedient to the will and command of God than they were. Thus diseases are said to come or go at God’ s command, . Or rather, 2. Moses and Aaron, mentioned , and called they, , whose obedience in denouncing and inflicting these plagues, and especially that plague of darkness, is noted and commended here as an act of great faith and fortitude, because they inflicted that plague after Pharaoh had threatened them, ; as the obedience of their parents is commended as a great act of faith, because they preserved and hid their son contrary to the express command of the king of Egypt.
Trapp's Commentary on Psalms 105:28
Psalms 105:28 He sent darkness, and made it dark; and they rebelled not against his word.Ver. 28. He sent darkness] Palpable darkness, by reason of most black and thick vapours of the earth mingling themselves with the air; such as Aben Ezra said that he once felt, sailing upon the ocean, the gross vapours there putting out the light of fire and candle, and not suffering them to be re-enkindled. And they rebelled not against his word] They, that is, the plagues called for, came immediately, with an Ecce me. Or, they, that is, Moses and Aaron, refused not to denounce and inflict those plagues, though Pharaoh threatened to kill them; where a man would wonder at Pharaoh’ s hardness and hardiness, that being in the midst of that deep and dreadful darkness, he could rage against God, and threaten with death his servant Moses. The Arabic (reading ìå for ìà) rendereth it, Et irritarunt sermonem eius; and they (the Egyptians) provoked his word, or rebelled against it.
Ellicott's Commentary on Psalms 105:28
(28) Darkness.—The enumeration of the plagues omits the fifth and sixth, and begins with the ninth, and appends a clause which, from the first, has troubled translators. Of whom is it said, “They rebelled not against his words”? Of the Egyptians it is not true; and to refer the words to Moses and Aaron, in contrast with their resistance to the Divine command at Massah and Meribah, is feeble. The LXX. and the Syriac solved the difficulty by rejecting the negative. (Comp. the Prayer Book Version.) The simplest explanation is to take the verb as imperfect subjunctive: “He sent darkness, and made it dark, that they might not rebel against his word.” But this fails to supply a reason for the position in the list of the ninth plague, and the suggested emendation of Mr. Burgess is so satisfactory in this respect, that it almost by itself carries conviction with it. By a very slight change, he obtains: “He sent darkness, and darkened them, that they might not discern his tokens;” taking deber in the same sense that it bears in Psalms 105:27. Thus the plague of darkness is, by a slight device of the poet, made to symbolise the moral blindness displayed by the Egyptians throughout.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Psalms 105:28
Verse 28. They rebelled not against his word.] Instead of ולא מרו velo maru, "they rebelled," some think that a ש shin has been lost from before the word, and that it should be read ולא שמרו velo shamru, "they did not observe or keep his word." Or the words may be spoken of Moses and Aaron; they received the commandment of God, and they did not rebel against it. They believed what he had spoken, and acted according to his orders. It could not be spoken of the Egyptians; for they rebelled against his words through the whole course of the transactions.
Cambridge Bible on Psalms 105:28
28. It is difficult to say why the ninth plague (Exodus 10:21 ff.) is placed first here. Possibly, like the fifth and sixth, it was not originally mentioned, and the verse was the marginal gloss of a reader who noticed the omission, which was subsequently inserted in the text in the wrong place. If however the text is sound, perhaps the ninth plague is mentioned first, because it is regarded as the plague which wrought conviction in the minds of the Egyptians, who were already anxious that the Israelites should be allowed to depart (Exodus 10:7; Exodus 11:2-3); though the further plague of the death of the firstborn was needed finally to convince Pharaoh. The plague of darkness was specially calculated to inspire the worshippers of the sun-god with the sense of Jehovah’s power. The next line and they rebelled not against his words confirms this interpretation. ‘They’ must refer to the Egyptians, and the allusion must be to their change of feeling towards the Israelites after the plague of darkness, described in Exodus 11:2-3. Some commentators suppose that ‘they’ refers to Moses and Aaron, who did not disobey God’s commands, as they afterwards did at Meribah (Numbers 20:24; Numbers 27:14), but accepted their perilous mission. Such a statement however does not seem natural in the present context. Others read they observed not (ωׁ ?ξψε for ξψε). Others follow the LXX and Syr. in omitting the negative.
So in effect Coverdale (following the Zόrich Bible, ‘dann sy warend seinem geheyss nit gehorsam’), for they were not obedient unto his word; P.B.V. and they were not &c. But the remark would be out of place at the point when the resistance of the Egyptians had been overcome. his word] So the Q’rη; R.V. his words follows the K’thξbh, which is supported by the LXX, Aq., and Jer.
Barnes' Notes on Psalms 105:28
He sent darkness, and made it dark - Exodus 10:21-23. And they rebelled not against his word - More literally, “his words.” The reference is to Moses and Aaron; and the idea, as expressed here, is
Whedon's Commentary on Psalms 105:28
28. Darkness—This was the ninth plague. Exodus 10:21-23. The poet does not follow the historic order of the miracles. The causative form of the verb indicates a direct act of God.
Sermons on Psalms 105:28
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
|
The Holy God by Charles Ryrie | In this sermon, the speaker discusses the story of Moses and his disobedience to God. Despite Moses' plea to enter the promised land, God tells him that he will not be able to cros |
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The Voice of the Lord in the Cloud by Octavius Winslow | Octavius Winslow emphasizes that the voice of the Lord continues to speak to believers through the clouds of their experiences, much like He did in the past with the cloudy pillar. |
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Bristol Conference 1962 - Part 4 by William MacDonald | In this sermon, the preacher discusses the book of Joel in the Bible and its relevance to our lives. The first section of the book describes a locust plague, emphasizing that every |
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The Coming Prince by Sir Robert Anderson | Sir Robert Anderson preaches about the rise of the Antichrist, a man of transcendent greatness who will gain pre-eminence in the world through his extraordinary combination of qual |
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Corporate Confession and Repentance - Part 1 by Richard Owen Roberts | In this sermon, the preacher begins by describing a scenario of a young girl getting married to an older man, emphasizing the importance of finding the right partner in God's eyes. |
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Jude #4 - Sodom and Gomorrah by Chuck Missler | In this sermon, the speaker reflects on the violence and indulgences of the flesh that are often portrayed in entertainment. He emphasizes the need for Christians to re-examine the |
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The Lord Has Promised to Deliver You by David Wilkerson | In this sermon, the speaker begins by reading verses from Psalm 34 that emphasize the theme of deliverance. He then prays for an anointing and discusses how God deals with violence |