NOTES

FOREWORD

1. John Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, translated by Henry Beveridge (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Wm. B. Publishing Company, Electronic Edition, reprinted 1993), iii, xxi, sec. 5, 1030-1031.

2. James R. White, The Potter’s Freedom (Amityville, N.Y.: Calvary Press Publishing, 39.

INTRODUCTION: THE CASE AGAINST CALVINISM

1. Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, iii, xxiii, sec. 7, 1063.

2. Ibid, iii, xxi, sec. 5, 1030-1031.

3. Ibid, iii, xxiii, sec. 6, 231.

4. R. Laird Harris, “Calvinism,” The Wycliffe Bible Encyclopedia A-J (Chicago, Ill.: Moody Press, 1975), 293.

5. John S. Feinberg, “God, Freedom, and Evil in Calvinist Thinking.” Thomas R. Schreiner and Bruce A. Ware, eds. The Grace of God, the Bondage of the Will (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House, 1995), 459.

6. John S. Feinberg, Ed. by Basinger and Basinger, Predestination & Free Will (Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 1986), 24.

7. Edwin H. Palmer, The Five Points of Calvinism (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House, 1999), 85-87.

8. Ibid.

9. Paul Enns, The Moody Handbook of Theology (Chicago, Ill.: Moody Press, 1989), 475.

10. R. C. Sproul. Chosen by God (Wheaton, Ill.: Tyndale Publishing House, 1986), 13.

11. Ibid.

12. Ibid, 9-10.

13. Lawrence M. Vance, The Other Side of Calvinism (revised edition) (Pensacola, Fla.: Vance Publications, 1999), 278.

14. Wayne Grudem, Systematic Theology (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan, 1995), 674.

15. Loraine Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination (Phillipsburg, N.J.: Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Company, 1932), 348.

16. Ernest C. Reisinger and D. Matthew Allen, A Quiet Revolution, online edition (Cape Coral, Fla.: Founders Press, 2000), “Walk Without Slipping, Instructions for Local Reformation,” Ch. 4. Retrieved March 25, 2004, from www.founders.org/ library/quiet/quiet4.html.

17. John MacArthur, Introduction to Biblical Counseling (Dallas, Tex.: Word Publishing, 1994), 378.

18. Ibid.

19. Ibid.

20. CURE is the acronym for a very aggressive Calvinist organization. It stands for Christians United for a Reformed Evangelicalism.

21. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 95 (italics added).

22. Sproul, Chosen by God, 14.

23. The Canons of Dort, The Westminster Confession of Faith, and the Heidelberg Catechism make up what are called The Three Forms of Unity, subscribed to by most mainstream Reformed communities.

24. St. Augustine was the first notable figure in church history to promote many of the ideas found in Calvin and Calvinism. Many Calvinists refer to Calvin as an Augustinian. Jonathan Edwards was an early and very influential American theologian who embraced a form of Reformed Theology called Puritanism. His teachings and views are still very influential among many Calvinist Christians today.

25. David N. Steele and Curtis C. Thomas, The Five Points of Calvinism (Philadelphia, Penn.: Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Company, 1975), 24.

26. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 51.

27. Ibid.

28. Charles Hodge quoted by Loraine Boettner in The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 50.

29. C. H. Spurgeon, The Spurgeon Sermon Collection, Ages Electronic Library, Vol. 2, 223.

30. Douglas J. Wilson. “Here and There.” Credenda Agenda (Vol. 10, Issue 3). Retrieved April 21, 2004, from www.credenda.org/issues/10-3meander.php.

31. While there is no one representative church or church-related movement today that represents all forms of Arminian theology, Bible-believing Methodists, Wesleyans, Nazarenes, mainstream Pentecostal churches, and even some Baptist groups, specifically the Free-will Baptist denomination, all carry on the tradition (for the most part) of the Remonstrance and the teachings of James Arminius, relative to the doctrine of salvation.

32. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 333.

33. William G. T. Shedd, Calvinism: Pure and Mixed (Edinburgh: The Banner of Truth Trust, 1986), xviii.

34. Ibid, 149.

35. The Remonstrance was a theological reaction and challenge to the extremes of Calvinism that were mostly based on the teachings of the Reformer James Arminius. In turn, Calvinists answered back with what has become known as the five points of Calvinism, condemning the position and the people of the Remonstrance in the process.

CHAPTER 1: IS CALVINISM THE GOSPEL?

36. C. H. Spurgeon, Spurgeon’s Sovereign Grace Sermons (Edmonton: Still Waters Revival Books, 1990), 129.

37. John Piper, Tulip, The Pursuit of God’s Glory in Salvation (Minneapolis, Minn.: Bethlehem Baptist Church, 2000), back cover.

38. H. Hanko and H. C. Hoeksema and J. Van Baren, The Five Points of Calvinism (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Reformed Free Publishing Association, 1976), 45.

39. Professor David J. Engelsma, A Defense of Calvinism as the Gospel (South Holland: The Evangelism Committee, Protestant Reformed Church). Retrieved May 11, 2004, from www.prca.org/pamphlets/pamphlet_31.html

40. Arthur C. Custance, The Sovereignty of Grace (Phillipsburg, N.J.: Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Company, 1979), 302.

41. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 1.

42. Ibid, 7.

43. Ibid, 52.

44. Taken from an article in The Founders Journal, “What Should We Think of Evangelism and Calvinism,” by Ernest Reisinger, Issue 19/20, no citation provided.

45. Kenneth G. Talbot and W. Gary Crampton, Calvinism, Hyper-Calvinism, and Arminianism (Edmonton: Still Waters Revival Books, 1990), 3.

46. Loraine Boettner, The Reformed Faith (Phillipsburg, N.J.: Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Company, 1983), 2.

47. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 353.

48. Ibid, 353-354.

49. Ibid, 354.

⁵² Ibid, 353.

53. C. H. Spurgeon, Spurgeon at His Best, Ed. Tom Carter (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House, 1988), 27.

54. Ibid.

55. Spurgeon, The Spurgeon Sermon Collection, Vol. 1, 86.

56. Ibid.

57. Ibid, 196.

58. D. James Kennedy, Why I Am a Presbyterian (Fort Lauderdale, Fla.: Coral Ridge Ministries, n.d.), 1.

59. Norman Geisler, Predestination and Free Will (Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 1986), 68.

60. Vance, The Other Side of Calvinism, 37-68.

61. Hanko, Hoeksema, and Van Baren, The Five Points of Calvinism, 10.

62. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 3-4.

63. Charles F. Pfeiffer, Howard F. Vos, and John Rea, eds. The Wycliffe Bible Encyclopedia A-J. R. Laird Harris, “Calvinism.” (Chicago, Ill.: Moody Press, 1975), 293.

64. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 367.

65. J. I. Packer, “The Love of God: Universal and Particular.” Schreiner and Ware, eds. The Grace of God, the Bondage of the Will, 420.

66. Palmer, The Five Points of Calvinism, Foreword.

67. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 4.

68. Ibid, 5.

69. Spurgeon, The Spurgeon Sermon Collection, Vol. 2, 216.

70. William S. Reid, “Calvinism,” Evangelical Dictionary of Theology, Ed. Walter A. Elwell (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House, 1984), 186-188.

71. Bruce L. Shelley, Church History in Plain Language (Dallas, Tex.: Word Publishing, 1995), 257.

72. www.baptistfire.com.

73. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 59.

74. Sproul, Chosen by God, 204.

75. Ibid.

76. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 6.

77. Joseph M. Wilson. “How is the Atonement Limited?” The Baptist Examiner 9 December 1989, 1.

78. Charles W. Bronson, The Extent of the Atonement (Pasadena, Tex.: Pilgrim Publications, 1992), 19.

79. Grover E. Gunn, The Doctrines of Grace (Memphis, Tenn.: Footstool Publications, 1987), 4.

80. Hanko, Hoeksema, and Van Baren, The Five Points of Calvinism, 91.

81. Custance, The Sovereignty of Grace, 71.

82. Palmer, The Five Points of Calvinism, 27.

83. Hanko, Hoeksema, and Van Baren, The Five Points of Calvinism, 28.

84. J. I. Packer (and O. R. Johnston), “Historical and Theological Introduction” to Martin Luther’s Bondage of the Will, as quoted in The Five Points of Calvinism, David N. Steele and Curtis C. Thomas, (Phillipsburg, N.J.: Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Co., 1963), 22-23.

85. Fred Phelps, The Five Points of Calvinism, The Berea Baptist Banner (Mantachie, Miss.: Berea Baptist Church, 1990), 21.

86. Ibid, 26.

CHAPTER2: UNCONDITIONALELECTION/REPROBATIONEXPLAINED

87. All Nations English Dictionary, published by All Nations Literature, P.O. Box 26300, Colorado Springs, CO 80936, 1992).

88. Ibid.

89. Phillip Schaff, History of the Christian Church (Albany, Ore.: The Ages Digital Library, Books for the Ages, Ages Software, Version 1.0, 1997), Book 8, Ch. 14, sec. 114.

90. Ibid.

91. Ibid.

92. Sproul, Chosen by God, 23.

93. Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, iii, xxi, sec. 5, 1030-1031.

94. Herman Hoeksema, Reformed Dogmatics (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Reformed Free Publishing Association, 1966), 159.

95. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 104.

96. Ibid, 87.

97. Hanko, Hoeksema, and Van Baren, The Five Points of Calvinism, 28.

98. Ibid, 29.

99. Ibid.

100. Ibid.

101. Ibid, 34.

102. White, The Potter’s Freedom, 39.

103. Sproul, Chosen by God, 154-155.

104. Ibid, 156.

105. H. Wayne House, Charts of Christian Theology & Doctrine (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan, 1992), 91.

106. Ibid.

107. Ibid, 92.

108. Steele and Thomas, The Five Points of Calvinism, 30.

109. W. R. Godfrey, “Predestination,” New Dictionary of Theology (Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 1988), 528.

110. Steele and Thomas, The Five Points of Calvinism, 16.

111. Jay Adams, Counseling and The Five Points of Calvinism (Phillipsburg, N.J.: Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Co., 1981), 11.

112. Duane Spencer, TULIP, The Five Points of Calvinism in the Light of Scripture (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House, 1979), 30.

113. Steele and Thomas, The Five Points of Calvinism, 16-17.

114. Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, iii, xxiii, sec. 8, 1064.

115. Ibid, italics added.

116. Ibid.

117. R. C. Sproul, Almighty Over All (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House, 1999), 54.

118. Palmer, The Five Points of Calvinism, 25, italics added.

119. Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, iii, xxiii, sec. 6, 1061.

120. Ibid.

121. George Bryson, The Five Points of Calvinism, Weighed and Found Wanting (Costa Mesa, Calif.: The Word For Today, 1996), 37.

122. Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, iii, xxii, sec. 11, 1052-1053.

123. Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, book three, chapter one, page 1056, Electronic Edition.

124. Ibid, 1057.

125. Hanko, Hoeksema, and Van Baren, The Five Points of Calvinism, 35.

126. Spurgeon, The Spurgeon Sermon Collection, Vol. 2, 221.

127. Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, iii, xxiii, sec. 7, 1063.

128. Sproul, Chosen by God, 141.

129. R. C. Sproul, Essential Truths of the Christian Faith (Wheaton, Ill.: Tyndale House, 1998), 165.

130. Sproul, Chosen by God, 142.

131. Ibid.

132. Ibid.

133. Ibid.

134. Ibid, 144-145.

135. J. Oliver Buswell, A Systematic Theology of the Christian Religion (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan Publishing House, 1962), Vol. 1, 164.

136. John Gill, Body of Divinity, Third Reprint (Atlanta, Ga.: Turner Lassetter, 1965), 174.

137. John L. Giradeau, Calvinism and Evangelical Arminianism (Harrisonburg, Va.: Sprinkle Publications, 1984), 9-10.

138. Sproul, Essential Truths of the Christian Faith, 166.

139. Ibid.

140. Douglas J. Wilson, contributor, “Back to Conversion.” Back to Basics: Rediscovering the Richness of the Reformed Faith (Phillipsburg, N.J.: Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Company, 1996), 35.

141. John Calvin, Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries (Romans 9:18) (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1965) (Ages Digital Library).

142. Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, iii, xxiii, sec. 8, 1063.

143. Ibid, 1063-1064.

144. Ibid, i, xvi, secs. 3, 8, 175, 179.

145. Ibid, iii, xxiii, sec. 6, 231.

146. Alister MacGrath, Reformation Thought, 2^nd Edition (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House, 1993), 125.

147. A. A. Hodge, The Atonement (Memphis, Tenn.: Footstool Publications, 1987), 389.

148. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 126-127.

149. Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, iii, xxiii, sec. 1, 225.

150. Ibid.

151. Ibid, iii, xxi, sec. 5, 206.

152. Ibid, iii, xxiii, sec. 7, 98.

153. Sproul, Almighty Over All, 54, italics added.

154. Sproul, Chosen by God, 36.

155. Ibid, 37.

156. Ibid, 32, italics added.

157. Gill, Body of Divinity, 472.

158. Iain H. Murray, SpurgeonV Hyper-Calvinism (Carlisle, Penn.: The Banner of Truth Trust, 1995), 98.

159. Ibid.

160. John MacArthur, The God Who Loves (Nashville, Tenn.: W Publishing Group,

161. , 16-17.

2000. Ibid.

53. Ibid, 12.

54. Ibid.

55. Ibid, 13.

56. John MacArthur, The Love of God (Dallas, London, Vancouver, Melbourne: Word Publishing, 1996), in the note section for chapter 1.

57. Ibid, 15.

58. Ibid.

59. MacArthur, The God Who Loves, 107.

60. Ibid, 110.

61. Spurgeon, The Spurgeon Sermon Collection, Vol. 1, 522.

62. Ibid.

63. MacArthur, The God Who Loves, 102.

CHAPTER3: UNCONDITIONALELECTION/REPROBATIONSCRIPTURALLYREFUTED

64. Murray, Spurgeon V. Hyper-Calvinism, 150.

65. John MacArthur, The MacArthur Study Bible, The New King James Version (Word Publishing, 1977), 1862 (notes on 1 Timothy 2:4).

66. Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries (1 Timothy 2:4).

67. John Piper, “Are There Two Wills in God? Divine Election and God’s Desire for all to be Saved.” Schreiner and Ware, eds. The Grace of God, the Bondage of the Will, 107.

68. John Piper, The Legacy of Sovereign Joy: God’s Triumphant Grace in the Lives of Augustine, Luther, and Calvin (Wheaton, Ill.: Crossway Books, 2000), 73.

69. Ibid.

70. Piper, “Are There Two Wills in God? Divine Election and God’s Desire for all to be Saved.” Schreiner and Ware, eds. The Grace of God, the Bondage of the Will, 109.

71. Piper, Legacy of Sovereign Joy, 73.

72. David Hagopian, ed. Back to Basics: Rediscovering the Richness of the Reformed Faith (Phillipsburg, N.J.: Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Company, 1996), 49.

73. Ibid, 50.

74. White, The Potter’s Freedom, 141.

75. Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries (1 Timothy 2:4).

76. Ibid.

77. Murray, Spurgeon V. Hyper-Calvinism, 150.

78. John Piper and Pastoral Staff, Tulip: What We Believe about the Five Points of Calvinism: (Minneapolis, Minn.: Desiring God Ministries, 1997), 16-17.

79. Charles Spurgeon, Good News for the Lost, #1100, a sermon delivered on the Lord’s Day, March 9, 1873, at the Metropolitan Tabernacle, Newington. Retrieved April 6, 2004, from http://www.spurgeongems.org/vols19-21/chs1100.pdf.

80. Ibid.

81. Murray, Spurgeon V. Hyper-Calvinism, 81.

82. Spurgeon, Spurgeon at His Best, 63.

83. Sproul, Chosen by God, 195, 197.

84. Ibid, 197.

85. The MacArthur Study Bible, 1959 (notes on 2 Peter 3:9).

86. Spencer, Tulip, 39.

87. Ibid.

88. White, The Potter’s Freedom, 146.

89. Ibid, 147-148.

90. Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries (2 Peter 3:9).

91. Ibid.

92. Ibid.

93. Joseph M. Wilson. “I’m Going to Heaven Someday.” The Baptist Examiner 24 June 1989, 2.

94. Wilson, contributor, “Back to Conversion.” Back to Basics: Rediscovering the Richness of the Reformed Faith, 32.

95. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 87.

96. Spencer, Tulip, 31.

97. Sproul, Chosen by God, 137.

98. Ibid, 69

99. White, The Potter’s Freedom, 201.

100. The MacArthur Study Bible, 1593 (see notes on John 6:70).

101. Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries (John 6:70).

102. Ibid (2 Peter 2:1-12).

103. John MacArthur, “The Sovereignty of God in Salvation.” Retrieved April 6, 2004, from http://www.gty.org/Broadcast/transcripts/80-46.htm.

104. Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset, and David Brown. A Commentary: Critical, Experimental, and Practical on the Old and New Testaments (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1976 reprint of 1880 edition), Acts, 95.

105. 1599 Geneva Bible Notes (see notes on Acts 13:48).

106. Murray, Spurgeon V. Hyper-Calvinism, page xi.

107. The MacArthur Study Bible, 1658 (see notes on Acts 13:48).

108. Nelson’s Quick Reference Vine’s Dictionary of Bible Words (Nashville, Tenn.: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1997), 28.

109. Henry Alford, New Testament for English Readers (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House, 1983), 745.

110. Archibald Thomas Robertson, Word Pictures in the New Testament (Nashville, Tenn.: Broadman Press, 1930), Vol. III, 200.

111. R. J. Knowling, Acts of the Apostles, the Expositor’s Greek New Testament (New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1900), 300.

112. Buswell, A Systematic Theology of the Christian Religion, Vol. 2, 152.

113. Albert Barnes, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Kregel Publications, 1962), 463.

114. Ibid.

115. Ibid, 464.

116. Francois Wendel, Calvin: The Origins and Development of His Religious Thought (New York, N.Y.: Harper & Row, 1963), 264.

117. Williston Walker, John Calvin (New York, N.Y.: Schocken Books, 1969), 417.

118. Murray, Spurgeon V. Hyper-Calvinism, 99.

CHAPTER4: LIMITEDATONEMENTEXPLAINED

119. Sproul, Chosen by God, 204.

120. Ibid.

121. Sproul, Essential Truths of the Christian Faith, 175.

122. Ibid.

123. Sproul, Chosen by God, 207.

124. Palmer, The Five Points of Calvinism, 50.

125. The Canons of Dort, 2:8.

126. John Owen, “The Death of Christ,” Vol. 10 of The Works of John Owen, ed. William H. Gold, (Edinburgh: The Banner of Truth Trust, 1967), 245.

127. Louis Berkhof, Systematic Theology (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, fourth edition, 1941), 394.

128. Ibid, 395.

129. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 150.

130. Tom Ross, Abandoned Truth (Chesapeake, Ohio: Mt. Pleasant Baptist Church,

131. , 134.

1991. Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries (Mark 14:29).

53. Ibid (Colossians 1:14).

54. Garner Smith, The Berea Baptist Banner Forum, The Berea Baptist Banner, 5 November 1992, 211.

55. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 155.

56. Godfrey, New Dictionary of Theology, 57.

57. Ibid.

58. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 151

59. Sproul, Chosen by God, 204.

60. Ibid, 205.

61. White, The Potter’s Freedom, 232.

62. John Murray, Redemption Accomplished and Applied (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1955), 73-74.

63. John Owen, The Works of John Owen, ed. Thomas Cloutt (London: J.F. Dove, 1823), V, 290-291.

64. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 160.

65. Ibid, 157.

66. Hoeksema, Limited Atonement, 61.

67. Hanko, Hoeksema, and Van Baren, The Five Points of Calvinism, 46.

68. Spencer, Tulip, 37.

69. Reid, Evangelical Dictionary of Theology, 98.

70. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 150-151.

71. Charles H. Spurgeon, quoted by A. A. Hodge, The Atonement, Appendix 39.

72. Spurgeon, Autobiography of Charles H. Spurgeon, Vol. I, 175.

73. Spurgeon, Spurgeon at His Best, 17.

74. Ibid.

75. J. I. Packer, Knowing God (Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 1973), 182.

76. Steele and Thomas, The Five Points of Calvinism, 17.

77. Ibid, 39.

78. Ibid.

79. Hodge, The Atonement, 357.

80. Ibid.

81. Hanko, Hoeksema, and Van Baren, The Five Points of Calvinism, 48.

82. Ibid, 48-49.

83. Custance, Sovereignty of Grace, 156.

84. Boettner, The Reformed Faith, 98.

85. Grudem, Systematic Theology, 595.

86. Millard J. Erickson, Christian Theology (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House, 1996), 835.

87. Curtis I. Crenshaw, quoted in A. A. Hodge, The Atonement, Appendix 4.

88. Ibid, Appendix 4-5.

89. Ibid, Appendix 5.

CHAPTER5: LIMITEDATONEMENTSCRIPTURALLYREFUTED

90. Ibid, Appendix 5.

277. Owen, “The Death of Christ,” Vol. 10 of The Works of John Owen, 245.

278. The MacArthur Study Bible, 1863 (see notes on 1 Timothy 2:6).

279. Ibid, 1965 (see notes on 1 John 2:2).

280. Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries (1 John 2:2).

281. Ibid.

282. The MacArthur Study Bible, 1965 (see notes on 1 John 2:2).

283. Gill, Body of Divinity, 473.

284. Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament, 1471. (from Barnes’ Notes, Electronic Database. Copyright © 1997 by Biblesoft.)

285. R. C. Sproul, Grace Unknown (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House, 1997), 176.

286. The MacArthur Study Bible, 1965 (see notes on 1 John 2:2).

287. Ibid, 1867 (see notes on 1 Timothy 4:10).

288. White, The Potter’s Freedom, 273-274.

289. James Montgomery Boice, The Epistles of John, an Expositional Commentary (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan Publishing, 1979), 52.

290. Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries (Hebrews 2:9).

291. The MacArthur Study Bible, 1899 (see notes on Hebrews 2:9).

292. Palmer, The Five Points of Calvinism, 44-45.

293. Steele and Thomas, The Five Points of Calvinism, 46.

294. The MacArthur Study Bible, 1955 (see notes on 2 Peter 2:1).

295. Hoeksema, Reformed Dogmatics, 555.

296. Ibid.

297. John Calvin, The Mysteries of Godliness (quoted from Chosen But Free, by Norman Geisler, 157), 83.

298. Gill, Body of Divinity, 474.

299. Barnes’ Notes On The New Testament, 1448.

300. Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries (John 1:29).

301. The MacArthur Study Bible, 1772 (see notes on 2 Corinthians 5:19).

302. Charles H. Spurgeon September 6, 1874, “For Whom Did Christ Die?” [Online version]. Retrieved March 26, 2004, from http://www.spurgeon.org/sermons/ 1191.htm.

303. Godfrey, New Dictionary of Theology, 57.

304. Hodge, The Atonement, 388.

305. White, The Potter’s Freedom, 231.

306. Curtis I. Crenshaw, quoted in A. A. Hodge, The Atonement, Appendix 4.

307. John Calvin, The Mysteries of Godliness (quoted from Chosen But Free, by Norman Geisler, 157), 83.

308. Sproul, Chosen by God, 207.

309. Palmer, The Five Points of Calvinism, 50.

310. MacArthur, The God Who Loves, 104.

CHAPTER6: IRRESISTIBLEGRACEEXPLAINED

311. Spurgeon, Spurgeon at His Best, 89.

312. Sproul, Essential Truths of the Christian Faith, 169.

313. Ibid, 169-170.

314. Ibid.

315. Ibid.

316. Ibid.

317. Piper, What We Believe About the Five Points of Calvinism, 10.

318. Erickson, Christian Theology, 932.

319. Sproul, Chosen by God, 120-121.

320. Spencer, Tulip, 44.

321. Curtis I. Crenshaw, Lordship Salvation: The Only Kind There Is! (Memphis, Tenn.: Footstool Publications, 1994), 191.

322. Ibid, 41.

323. Ibid, 42.

324. W. E. Best, Free Grace Versus Free Will (Houston, Tex.: W. E. Best Book Missionary Trust, 1997), 46.

325. Steele and Thomas, The Five Points of Calvinism, 18.

326. David J. Engelsma, Is Denial of the “Well Meant Offer” Hyper-Calvinism? [Online version]. Retrieved March 26, 2004, from, www.prca.org/pamphlets/ pamphlet_35.html.

327. Steele and Thomas, The Five Points of Calvinism, 48.

328. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 62.

329. Erickson, Christian Theology, 910.

330. Spurgeon, Spurgeon at His Best, 26-27.

331. Crenshaw, Lordship Salvation: The Only Kind There Is! 40.

332. Sproul, Chosen by God, 34.

333. Ibid.

334. Ibid.

335. Ibid, 75.

336. Berkhof, Systematic Theology, 397.

337. Ibid.

338. Ibid.

339. Ibid, 398.

340. House, Charts of Christian Theology & Doctrine, 102.

341. Ibid.

CHAPTER7: IRRESISTIBLEGRACESCRIPTURALLYREFUTED

342. White, The Potter’s Freedom, 138.

343. Ibid.

344. John Gill, The Cause of God and Truth (Paris, Ark.: The Baptist Standard Bearer,

345. , 29.

346. Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries (Matthew 23:38).

1991. R. C. Sproul, Loved by God (Nashville, Tenn.: Word Publishing, 2001), 123.

277. Sproul, Chosen by God, 68.

278. Ibid.

279. Ibid.

280. Ibid, 68-69.

281. Steele and Thomas, The Five Points of Calvinism, 16.

282. Sproul, Chosen by God, 69.

283. Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries (John 6:44).

284. Ibid, (John 6:36).

285. Bruce A. Ware, “The Place of Effectual Calling and Grace in a Calvinistic Soteriology.” Schreiner and Ware, eds. The Grace of God, the Bondage of the Will, 362.

286. Ibid, 347-348.

287. Ibid, 356.

288. Ibid.

289. Ibid.

290. Ibid, 357.

291. Ibid, 361.

292. Ibid.

293. Charles H. Spurgeon, Treasury of the New Testament (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan Publishing, 1950), II: 72.

294. Packer, “The Love of God: Universal and Particular.” Schreiner and Ware, eds. The Grace of God, the Bondage of the Will, 419, italics added.

295. Ware, “The Place of Effectual Calling and Grace in a Calvinistic Soteriology.”

The Grace of God, the Bondage of the Will, 361-362.

296. Ibid, 362.

297. Sproul, Chosen by God, 131.

298. Ibid.

299. Ibid, 132.

300. Sproul, Loved By God, 122.

301. Hoeksema, Reformed Dogmatics, 479.

CHAPTER8: TOTALDEPRAVITYEXPLAINED

302. Sproul, Chosen by God, 120.

303. White, The Potter’s Freedom, 137.

304. Hanko, Hoeksema, and Van Baren, The Five Points of Calvinism, 77.

305. Erickson, Christian Theology, 932.

306. Keith Hinson, “Calvinism Resurging Among the SBC’s Young Elites.” Christianity Today, October 1997.

307. Palmer, The Five Points of Calvinism, 21.

308. Piper, What We Believe about the Five Points of Calvinism, 11-12.

309. John MacArthur, Faith Works (Dallas, Tex.: Word Publishing, 1993), 62.

310. Ibid, 199.

311. John MacArthur, The Gospel According to Jesus (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan Publishing House, 1988), 172-173.

312. Sproul, Essential Truths of the Christian Faith, 172.

313. R. Allan Killen, The Wycliffe Bible Encyclopedia K-Z (Chicago, Ill.: Moody Press, 1975), 1449.

314. Sproul, Chosen by God, 72.

315. Ibid, 118.

316. Ibid, 72.

317. Spencer, Tulip, 45.

318. J. I. Packer, Great Grace (Ann Arbor, Mich.: Vine Books, 1997), 67.

319. Ibid.

320. Harold W. Hoehner, The Bible Knowledge Commentary, New Testament (Colorado Springs, Colo.: Chariot Victor Publishing, 1983), 624.

321. Steele and Thomas, The Five Points of Calvinism, 16.

322. The Westminster Confession of Faith, chapter 9, section 3.

323. Harold Harvey, The Berea Baptist Banner Forum, The Berea Baptist Banner, 5 October 1989, 190.

324. Steele and Thomas, The Five Points of Calvinism, 25.

325. Ibid.

326. Palmer, The Five Points of Calvinism, 9.

327. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 61.

328. White, The Potter’s Freedom, 39.

329. Piper, What We Believe about the Five Points of Calvinism, 5.

330. Sproul, Grace Unknown, 117.

331. Sproul, Chosen by God, 104.

332. Sproul, Grace Unknown, 118.

333. Hanko, Hoeksema, and Van Baren, The Five Points of Calvinism, 17, italics added.

334. Ibid, 18.

335. Hoeksema, Reformed Dogmatics, 253.

336. Ibid.

337. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 68.

338. Hoeksema, Reformed Dogmatics, 462.

339. Piper, What We Believe about the Five Points of Calvinism, 17.

CHAPTER9: TOTALDEPRAVITYSCRIPTURALLYREFUTED

340. James Boice, Foundations of the Christian Faith (Downers Grove, Ill: Intervarsity Press, 1986), 407.

341. The MacArthur Study Bible, 1582 (see notes on John 3:18).

342. Ibid, 1580 (see notes on John 3:3).

343. Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, ii, ii, sec. 12, 233.

344. Ferguson, New Dictionary of Theology, 480.

345. Hoeksema, Reformed Dogmatics, 462-463.

346. Ibid, 463.

347. Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, iii, iii, sec. 1, 509.

348. Wilson, contributor, “Back to Conversion.” Back to Basics: Rediscovering the Richness of the Reformed Faith, 55-56.

349. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 166.

350. Synod of Dort, Article 14.

351. Sproul, Essential Truths of the Christian Faith, 171.

352. Ibid, 171-172.

353. Crenshaw, Lordship Salvation: The Only Kind There Is! 36.

354. John H. Gerstner, A Predestination Primer (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House, 1960), 9.

355. Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries (John 1:12-13).

356. Ibid, (John 1:12-13).

357. Ibid, (John 1:12-13), italics added.

358. Ibid.

359. White, The Potter’s Freedom, 186.

360. The MacArthur Study Bible, 1581 (see notes on John 3:11-21).

361. Sproul, Chosen by God, 113.

362. Ibid.

363. Ibid, 113-114.

364. Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries (Ephesians 2:8-10).

365. J. Gresham Machen, What Is Faith? (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1925), 172.

366. Ibid.

367. Roger T. Forster and V Paul Marston, God’s Strategy in Human History (Great Britain: Highland Books, 1989), 37.

368. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 66.

369. Dr. D. James Kennedy, Why I Believe (Dallas, Tex.: Word Publishing, 1980), 138.

370. Ibid, 140.

371. Steele and Thomas, The Five Points of Calvinism, 16.

372. Machen, What Is Faith? 172.

373. Ibid, 172.

374. Steele and Thomas, The Five Points of Calvinism, 16.

375. The MacArthur Study Bible, 1574 (see notes on John 1:12).

376. MacArthur, The Gospel According to Jesus, 44.

377. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 68.

378. Hoeksema, Reformed Dogmatics, 462.

379. Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries (Ephesians 2:8-10).

380. “Regeneration,” Gen. Ed. Ronald Youngblood, Nelson’s New Illustrated Bible Dictionary (Nashville, Tenn.: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1995-1996), 1075.

381. Ibid, 1074.

CHAPTER10: PERSEVERANCEOFTHESAINTSEXPLAINED

382. Bryson, The Five Points of Calvinism, Weighed and Found Wanting, 13-14.

383. Talbot and Crampton, Calvinism, Hyper-Calvinism, andArminianism, 52.

384. Hinson, “Calvinism Resurging Among the SBC’s Young Elites.” Christianity Today, October 1997.

385. Sproul, Chosen by God, 174.

386. Ibid, 174-175.

387. Ibid, 176.

388. Ibid, 180.

389. MacArthur, The Gospel According to Jesus, 98.

390. MacArthur, Faith Works, 217.

391. MacArthur, The Gospel According to Jesus, xii (from the foreword).

392. Ibid, xiii, italics added.

393. Ibid, 214.

394. Ibid, 176.

395. MacArthur, Faith Works, 90, italics added.

396. Crenshaw, Lordship Salvation: The Only Kind There Is! 95.

397. Ibid, 96-98.

398. MacArthur, Faith Works, 28.

399. Ibid, 130.

400. Ibid, 125.

401. Ibid, 126.

402. Ibid.

403. Ibid.

404. Ernest C. Reisinger, Lord and Christ: The Implications of Lordship for Faith and Life (Phillipsburg, N.J.: P & R Publishing, 1994), 79.

405. Murray, Redemption Accomplished and Applied, 154-155.

406. Richard Alderson, No Holiness, No Heaven (Edmonton: Banner of Truth, 1986), 88.

407. Piper, What We Believe about the Five Points of Calvinism, 23.

408. Ibid, 24.

409. John Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1993) reprint, III.11.478-479.

410. John Calvin, Epistle to the Hebrews (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House, 1981 reprint), 138.

CHAPTER11: PERSEVERANCEOFTHESAINTSSCRIPTURALLYREFUTED

411. Piper, What We Believe about the Five Points of Calvinism, 25.

412. Reisinger, Lord and Christ, 85.

413. The MacArthur Study Bible, 1732 (see notes on 1 Corinthians 3:1).

414. Sproul, Chosen by God, 186.

415. Ibid.

416. Schreiner and Ware, eds. The Grace of God, the Bondage of the Will, 347.

417. Paul Enns, The Moody Handbook of Theology, 643.

⁴⁸⁹ Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 309.

CHAPTER12: THESIXTHPOINTOFCALVINISM

418. White, The Potter’s Freedom, 40-41.

419. Ibid, 41.

490. Ibid, “Praise for the Potter’s Freedom” section.

491. Charles Spurgeon, Free Will—A Slave (Canton, Ga.: Free Grace Publications,

492. , 3.

493. George S. Bishop, The Doctrines of Grace (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House, 1977), 146.

1977. Murray, Spurgeon V. Hyper-Calvinism, 82-83.

490. Ibid, 83.

491. Ibid.

492. Ibid, 83-84.

493. Wilson, contributor, “Back to Conversion.” Back to Basics: Rediscovering the Richness of the Reformed Faith, 9.

494. R. Laird Harris, “Calvinism,” The Wycliffe Bible Encyclopedia A-J, 293.

495. John Feinberg, “God, Freedom, and Evil in Calvinist Thinking.” Schreiner and Ware, eds. The Grace of God, the Bondage of the Will, 462.

496. Schreiner, “God, Freedom, and Evil in Calvinist Thinking.” Schreiner and Ware, eds. The Grace of God, the Bondage of The Will, 381.

497. Palmer, The Five Points of Calvinism, 85-87.

498. Ibid.

499. Ibid, 97-100.

500. Feinberg, “God, Freedom, and Evil in Calvinist Thinking.” Schreiner and Ware, eds. The Grace of God, the Bondage of the Will, 463.

501. Ibid, 37.

502. Ibid, 23-24.

503. Feinberg, Predestination & Free Will (see note 16), 25.

504. Hank Hanegraaff, Christian Research Report, Vol. 13, Issue 4, October 2000, 4.

505. Leonard J. Coppes, Are Five Points Enough? The Ten Points of Calvinism (Manassas, Va.: Reformation Educational Foundation, 1980), 15.

506. Gunn, The Doctrines of Grace, 14.

507. Jay Adams, The Grand Demonstration (Santa Barbara, Calif.: EastGate Publishers, 1991), 62 (italics added).

508. The Canons of Dort, Divine Predestination, I, 3.

509. Norman L. Geisler. Chosen But Free: A Balanced View of Divine Election (Minneapolis, Minn.: Bethany House Publishers, 1999), 23.

510. Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, iii, xxiii, sec. 7, 987.

511. Sproul, Chosen by God, 26 (italics added).

512. Christian Research and Apologetics Ministry, www.carm.org/dictionary.htm.

513. Boettner, The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination, 30.

514. Ibid.

515. John R. de Witt, What is the Reformed Faith? (Edmonton: Banner of Truth Trust, 1981), 9.

516. J. I. Packer, Evangelism and the Sovereignty of God (Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 1961), 11-12.

517. Sproul, Chosen by God, 26.

518. Ibid, 27.

519. Ibid, 31.

520. Ibid, 39.

521. Sproul, Loved by God,70.

522. Sproul, Chosen by God, 27.

523. Ronald W. Leigh, Ph. D., Calvin and Arminius. Retrieved May 12, 2004, from http://theology.home.att.net/calarm/ in section D.2 entitled “Sovereignty and Free Will.”

524. Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, i, xv, sec. 8, 223 (italics and bold face added).

525. Calvin’s Old Testament Commentaries (Genesis 3), (italics added).

526. Sproul, Chosen by God, 31.

527. Ibid, 30.

528. Ibid, 39.

529. Best, Free Grace Versus Free Will, 22.

530. Steele and Thomas, The Five Points of Calvinism, 16.

531. Sproul, Chosen by God, 42.

532. Ibid, 41.

533. Ibid, 42.

534. “Is God in Control?” The Hard Truth. Retrieved March 23, 2004, from www.geocities.com/rerb2000/index.

535. Dan Vander Lugt, RBC Ministries (2003). “Predestination and Election.”

Answers to Tough Questions. Retrieved March 23, 2004, from www.gospelcom.net/ rbc/questions/answer/bible/predestine/predestined.xml.

536. Murray, Spurgeon V. Hyper-Calvinism, 82.

537. Ibid, 147-148.

538. Sproul, Chosen by God, 40.

539. Grudem, Systematic Theology, 321-322.

540. Ibid, 674.

541. Sproul, Chosen by God, 10-11.

542. Sproul, Grace Unknown, 139.

543. Sproul, Loved by God, 86.

544. Sproul, Chosen by God, 11.

545. Ibid, 22.

546. Ibid, 51.

547. White, The Potter’s Freedom, 16 (from R. C. Sproul’s Foreword).

548. Geisler, Predestination and Free Will, 75.

549. Ibid, 75-76.

550. Ibid, 76.

551. Ibid.

552. Ibid.

553. Ibid.

554. Ibid, 77.

555. Sproul, Grace Unknown, 140.

556. Herbert Lockyer, All the Doctrines of the Bible (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan Publishing House, 1964), 153.

557. H. A. Ironside, In the Heavenlies, Addresses on Ephesians (New York, N.Y.: Loizeaux Brothers, 1937), 34.

558. H. A. Ironside, Full Assurance (Chicago, Ill.: Moody Press, 1937), 93-94.

559. Vance, The Other Side of Calvinism, 382.

560. Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, iii, xxi, 2.

CHAPTER13: MATTERSTHATMATTER

561. Sproul, Chosen by God, 209.

562. Ibid.

563. Ibid, 210.

564. Spurgeon, Spurgeon at His Best, 63.

565. Spencer, Tulip, 7.

566. Murray, Spurgeon V. Hyper-Calvinism, 74.

567. Ibid, 81-82.

568. Ibid, 83.

569. Piper, “Are There Two Wills in God? Divine Election and God’s Desire for All to Be Saved.” Schreiner and Ware, eds. The Grace of God, the Bondage of the Will, 107.

570. Eds. Thomas R. Schreiner and Bruce A. Ware, Still Sovereign: Contemporary Perspectives on Election, Foreknowledge, and Grace (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House, 2000), 94.

571. Ibid.

572. Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries (John 1:29).

573. Packer, “The Love of God: Universal and Particular.” Schreiner and Ware, eds. The Grace of God and the Bondage of the Will, 419.

574. The MacArthur Study Bible, 2194 (from the “Overview of Theology” section).

575. Ibid.

576. Packer, Great Grace, 57.

577. Ibid, 58.

578. Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries (Romans 11:14).

579. Ibid (1 Corinthians 4:15).

580. Joseph M. Wilson. “Does Prayer Change Things?” The Baptist Examiner 8 June 1991, 8.

581. James O. Wilmoth. “Does Prayer Change Things?” The Baptist Examiner 18 February 1989, 5.

582. David S. West. “Does Prayer Change Things?” The Baptist Examiner Forum II, 18 February 1989, 5.

583. Dan Phillips, “Does Prayer Change Things?” The Baptist Examiner Forum II, February 18, 1989, 5.

584. Robert B. Selph, Southern Baptists and the Doctrine of Election (Harrisonburg, Va.: Sprinkle Publications, 1998), 144.

585. Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries (James 5:13-18).

586. Louis Berkhof, The History of Christian Doctrine (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House), 152-153.

587. “Synergism,” The Webster’s Dictionary of the English Language, Classic edition (New York, N.Y.: Random House, 1983), 909.

588. “Synergism,” The American Heritage Dictionary based on the New 2^ndCollege Edition (New York, N.Y: Dell Publishing, 1983), 691.

589. Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries (Romans 1:16).

590. Ibid.

591. Hagopian, ed. Back to Basics: Rediscovering the Richness of the Reformed Faith, 46.

592. Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries (John 20:31).

593. Ibid.

594. Ibid (2 Thessalonians 2:10).

595. George Ricker Berry, Interlinear Greek-English New Testament (Nashville, Tenn.: Broadman Press, 1978), 363.

596. Ibid.

597. Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries (Acts 16:27-31).

598. Charles Spurgeon, The Warrant of Faith (Pasadena, Tex.: Pilgrim Publications,

599. , 3. Single sermon booklet from 63-volume set.

600. Robertson, Word Pictures in the New Testament, Vol. IV, 525.

1977. Alford, New Testament for English Readers, 69.

490. Terry L. Miethe, The Compact Dictionary of Doctrinal Words (Minneapolis, Minn.: Bethany House Publishers, 1988), 139.

491. Kenneth Wuest, Word Studies in the Greek New Testament (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1961), see comments on Ephesians 2:8-10.

492. Packer, Great Grace, 72.

493. Ibid.

494. Retrieved December 2003 from www.thirdmill.org. Quote may no longer exist on the web site listed.

495. Retrieved May 11, 2004, from http://scarecrowsheaves.blogspot.com/2003_12_ 01_scarecrowsheaves_archive.html.

496. Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, iii, xxi, sec. 5, 1030-1031.

497. Ibid, iii, xxiii, sec. 7, 1063.

498. Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries (Genesis 3).

499. Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, iii, xxiii, sec. 7, 987.

500. Ibid, sec. 6, 231.

501. Calvin’s New Testament Commentaries (Romans 9:18).