Concerning the Place Names in Sacred Scripture

Concerning the Place Names in Sacred Scripture

continued

SECTION L

1 GENESIS Lasan.625 Border of the Chanaanites with the Sodomites. Louza (Luza).626 Jacob renamed this Bethel. This village, inhabited even now, is on the left of the road going to Jerusalem from Neapolis. Given to tribe of Benjamin. Louza (Luza).627 Another. Given to the sons of Joseph. Near Suchem (Sychem) nine (three) miles from Neapolis. Lōtan.628 City of the princes of Edom. NUMBERS AND DEUTERONOMY [Lebōna.629 Station of the children of Israel in the desert. Lobon.630 Place on the desert "'Beyond the Jordan" where Moses read Deuteronomy. JOSUE] Lacheis.631 This also Josue besieged and captured (killed) its king. Isaiah (and Jeremia) also mention(s) this. There is even now a village seven miles south of Eleutheropolis toward the Daroma. Noted also in Jeremia. (In) tribe of Juda. Lebna.632 Josue also besieged this and captured (killed) its king. Given to the tribe of Juda. Priestly city. There now is a village called Lobana in the area of Eleutheropolis. Isaia noted it also.

2 Laserōn (Lasaran).633 Josue also besieged this and captured (killed) its king. Lithos Boen.634 "In sons of Ruben." Border of the tribe of Juda. Labōth.635 (In) tribe of Juda. Lamas.636 (In) tribe of Juda. Labōth.637 (In tribe of) lot of Simeon. Labanath.638 (In tribe of) lot of Aser. Lakoum.639 Border of Nephthali. JUDGES Labōemath.640 (For which) Aquila (interprets) "entrance of Emath." Lesem.641 This "the sons of Dan" besieged and called it Dan. Louza.642 Another near Baithel located in the land of the Hethites. The one left from Bethel founded it as it is told in Judges. Lechei.643 (For which) Aquila and Symmachus (interpret) "in the jaw." Laisa.644 The sons of Dan took this which was some distance from (near) Sidon and called it Dan. It was the northern border [of Judaea which reached from Dan to Beersheba]. Isaia also mentions it. Noted above near Paneados from whence the Jordan (river) originates.

3 KINGS Lemattara.645 Where Jonathan shot "the arrow" (dart). Aquila "to the mark." Symmachus "to the set place." Ladabar.646 Where Memphibosthe was. Lōdabar.647 Home of Machir. Libanos.648 Conspicuous (very high) mountain of Phoenicia. Loueith (Luith).649 Isaia mentions this. There is a village (today) between Areopolis and Zoora called Loueitha.

SECTION M

1 GENESIS Manassē.650Territory of India where the sons of Jectan the son of Eber dwelled. Mambre.651 That is Hebron. The tomb of both of the sons of Abraham is located there. (Tomb of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob is located there.) Noted also above. One of the companions of Abraham is also called Mambre. Madiam.652 City of one of the sons of Abraham and Cetura. Located beyond Arabia to the south in the desert of the Saracens, to the east of the Red Sea whence it was called Madiani and now is called (the territory of) Madian. Scripture calls the daughter of Iobab [Moses' father-in-law] daughter of Madian. There is a second city named thus near Arnon and Areopolis, the ruins of which are pointed out. Mōab.653 (Called) from Moab the son of Lot. City of Arabia which is now (called) Areopolis. Noted also above. The territory is also called Moab, but its city is (rightly called) Habbath Moab (i.e., The Great of Moab).

2 Masrēka.654 City of the king of Edom near the Gebalene. Mabsar.655 This large village (called) Mabsara remains even now in the Gebalene dependent upon Petra. Magediēl.656 It also belonged to one of the princes of Edom in the Gebalene. EXODUS Magdolos.657 Station on the journey of Israel (coming out of) from Egypt, where they stopped before (crossing) the Red Sea. Also noted in Ezechiel: From Magdolos to Syene. According to Jeremia here those Jews [fleeing the impending destruction by Babylonians] dwelled with Jeremia in Egypt. Merra.658 (Which means) "bitter." Place on the desert where the available water was bitter. Moses sweetened it by throwing in a wood. NUMBERS AND DEUTERONOMY Mnemata epithumias.659 (Memoriae, i.e., graves) of lust. Station of the children of Israel in the desert where they were destroyed because of the meat (where while eating the meat the wrath of God rose upon them). Makēlōth.660 Station of the children of Israel in the desert.

3 [Mathekka.661 Station of the children of Israel in the desert.] Masourouth.662 Station of the children of Israel in the desert. Maththanem.663 Now called Maschana. Located on the Arnon (about) twelve miles east of Madaba. Misōr.664 City of Og king of Basan. [However Misor means flat place or plain.] Machanarath.665 Border of Amman which is also Philadelphia. Madbaris.666 According to the Hebrews the desert is so called. [What we call the desert the Hebrews call Madbarim.] Misadai.667 "Of the sons of Iakeim." Place on the desert where Aaron died. JOSUE Makēda.668 Where Josue shut up five kings in the cave, which kings he also killed along with the king of Makeda. Given to tribe of Juda. Now it is eight miles east of Eleutheropolis. Madōn.669 City where Iobab ruled (was king) and against whom Josue fought. Massepha.670 (In) tribe of Juda. There Jephthae dwelled. Near Kariathiareim in which the ark was once kept and where Samuel judged the people. Jeremia also notes it.

4 Merran.671 It is the water where they prepared for war. Now there is a village (named) Merrous twelve miles from Sebaste near Dothaeim. Mastraiphōth Maim.672 (Which for) Aquila "Mastaiphoth water." Symmachus "Mastraiphōth sea" (is interpreted). Machathi.673 City of the Ammorites beyond the Jordan and near Mt.Hermon from which the children of Israel did not expel the Machathites (were not able to expel). Marōm.674 [Josue also besieged this and captured (killed) its king. Note above Marous. Maggedo.675] Josue also besieged this and captured (killed) its king. Given to tribe of Manasse who (never) did not possess it since they did not drive out the heathen (former inhabitants). Misōr.676 (For which) Aquila and Symmachus (interpret) "level plain." City of tribe of Ruben. Separated to Levites in the Gebalene. Meddaba.677 City now in the mist of Arabia which in even now called Medaba near Essebon. (A city of Arabia today which retains its ancient name near Esebon.)

5 Mēphaath.678 (In) tribe of Benjamin. Another is beyond the Jordan where a garrison of (Roman) soldiers is stationed, near the desert. Maspha.679 (In) tribe of Gad. Separated to Levites. There is another Masseba (Masfa) on the northern border of Eleutheropolis. (There is still another of the tribe of Juda on the way to Jerusalem. Manaeim.680 (In) tribe of Gad. Separated to Levites in the Galaaditide. Mōlada (Moladab).681 (In) tribe of Juda or Simeon. Medebēna (Medemena).682 (In) tribe of Juda. It is now Menoeis (a city) near the city of Gaza. Noted in Isaia. Magdala.683 (In) tribe of Juda. Marēsa.684 (In) tribe of Juda. It is now deserted at the second milestone from Eleutheropolis. (Its ruins are now only two miles from Eleutheropolis.) Maōn.685 (In) tribe of Juda. East of the Daroma. Marōth.686 (In) tribe of Juda. Maddei (Maddi).687 (In) tribe of Juda. Maspha.688 (In) tribe of Benjamin. Machtrōth.689 (In) tribe of Manassa.

6 Marala.690 Ascent of Zebulon. Tribe of Manasse (Latin omits phrase). Masan.691 (In) tribe of Aser. Near Carmel at the sea. City separated to Levites. Meeleph (Maeleb).692 Border of Nephthai. Magdiel.693 (In tribe of) lot of Nephthai. It is now a large (small) village five mile from Dor on the road to Ptolemais. JUDGES Mosphetham (Mosfethaim).694 (For which) Aquila (interprets) "of the lot." Symmachus "midpoint" (of the vicinity). Mōre.695 Name of a hill. (More fully discussed in the book Hebrew Questions.) Mannēth.696 Where Japhte fought. There is now (shown) a village Maanith four miles from Esbon on the road to Philadelphia. Machmas.697 There is now a large village in the region of Jerusalem called Machamas (retaining the old name) at the ninth mile near hamlet of Rama. KINGS Messab.698 "Of the heathen" (enemy city) near Gaba (Gabaa). Magdōn (Magrōn).699 Where Saul stayed. Massēpha "of Moab."700 Where David came fleeing from Saul (fleeing to avoid Saul's hatred).

7 Masereth.701 Desert now deserted where David stayed. (Which) Aquila (interprets) "in fortress" Symmachus "in place of refuge," Theodotion "in the caves." Masbak.702 City of the heathen (enemy), king Adrazar. Mela (i.e.) Gemela.703 (Which) Aquila and Symmachus (translate) "valley of salt." (We spoke of this above.) Maacha.704 Territory of king of Gesour. Mōdeeim.705 Village near Diospolis. Home of the Maccabees where their tomb is pointed out even now. (Indeed it is amazing that their remains are shown in Antioch, but our author is to be believed.) Mapsar Turou.706Aquila "wall of Tyre." Symmachus "fortification of Tyre." Masa.707 City which Solomon built. Meebra.708 (For which) Aquila (translates) "from across." Symmachus "from opposite" (i.e., across or opposite). Makes.709 City of one of the chiefs of Solomon. Melō (Mello).710 City which Solomon built. (Further) Symmachus and Theodotion (translate) "completion." (This also is more fully discussed in the book Hebrew Questions.) Maidan.711 City which Solomon built.

8 Memphis.712 In Osee. City of Egypt. (Osee, Ezechiel, Jeremia the prophets mention this.) Also in Ezechiel. In Jeremia those Jews (who fled Jerusalem) with Jeremia went to Memphis. Macha.713 In Osee. (For which) Aquila and Symmachus (translate) "the desire." Milētos.714 City of Asia. Noted in Ezechiel. Maribōth.715 (Which Ezechiel mentions saying) "to the waters of Maribeth," Ezechiel. Aquila "litigation." Symmachus "controversy." Mōrathei (Morasthi).716 Home of Michea the prophet. (It is a village) east of Eleutheropolis. Masogam.717Territory of Moab according to Jeremia. [Misōr.718Territory of Moab according to Jeremia (near Jeremia). Mōphath.719Territory of Moab according to Jeremia.] Noted above Mēphaath. Maōn.Territory of Moab according to Jeremia (near Jeremia). Molchom.721 Idol of Ammon according to Jeremia (as Jeremia writes). Magedan.722 The Christ went to the region of Magedan according to Matthew and Mark also mentions Magedan. Now (the region called) Magedanē is around Gerasa.

SECTION N

1 GENESIS (Five Books of Moses) Naid.723 Land where Cain dwelled. (Properly) interpreted "restlessness," (i.e., in motion or fluctuation). Nineve.724 City of Assyria which Assur built going from the land of Sammaar. There is now (another) city of Jews called Nineve near the Gonias (corner) of Arabia. Naaliēl.725 Near the Arnon. A station of the children of Israel. Nabau.726 (Which the Hebrews called Nebō.) Mountain above the Jordan opposite Jericho on the land Moab. There Moses died. It is pointed out even now about six miles west of Esbon (opposite the east region of Esbon). Nabōth (Nabo).727 City of the sons of Ruben in the territory of Galaad. Noted also by Isaia in the vision "against the Moabites" and in Jeremia. There is also (a certain) man named Nabau who was of Kanath and this city was named from that Naboth. Nabau is now shown deserted eight miles south of (the city of) Hesbon.

2 Nageb.728 The South (is called Nageb) according to the Hebrews. Symmachus (interprets) "south." [It should be known that this area among the Hebrew tribes is called Nageb, Theman, and Darom, which we are able to translate as south. (Latin uses four synonyms for south quadrant; austrum (south), adricum (southwest), meridiem (south), eurum (southeast).] JOSUE Naphethdor (Nafeddor).729 Symmachus (interprets) "Dora on the coast" (maritime). It is nine miles from Kaisareia. (Dor is today a deserted city in the ninth mile on the road from Caesarea to Ptolemaise.) Naphthō.730 A spring of water is so called. Tribe of Benjamin. Naam.731 City of the tribe of Juda. Nesib.732 (In) tribe of Juda. There is a Nasib (which is now called Nasibi) nine (seven) miles from Eleutheropolis on the road to Hebron. Nebpsan.733 (In) tribe of Juda. Naaratha.734 (In) tribe of Ephraim. There is now a village of Jews Noorath five miles from Jericho.

3 Napheth.735 (In) tribe of Manasse. Naalōl.736 (In tribe of) lot of Zabulon. City separated to Levites. Nakeb.737 (In tribe of) lot of Nephthali. JUDGES Neala.738 From here the heathen "were not driven out" by Zabulon (Zabulon could not expel). Located in the Batanaca is (a village named) Neeila (Neila). Nobba (Nabe or Nobba).739 To which Gedeon went up. City separated to the priests which (afterwards we read) Saul [in a rage] destroyed. Nemra.740 City of (tribe of) Ruben in land of Galaad. There is now a large village Namara in the (region or the) Batanaea. KINGS Naniōth.741 (Place) "in Rama." City where David dwelled. (We spoke of this in the book Hebrew Questions.) Nachōn.742 "Threshing floor of Nachōn" which Aquila (interprets) "threshing floor prepared." Naphath.743 The city of one of the chiefs of Solomon. Nērigel.744 The Samaritans from Babylon (who had been brought from Babylon) built this in (the region of) Judaea.

4 Nazeb.745 The Hevites built this in (the land of) Judaea. Nasarach.746 Idol of Assyria. Nebēreim (Nemerim).747 Isaia (mentions this) in the vision "against the Moabites." Also Jeremia. It is now (a village called) Bennamareim north of Zoora. Nabeōth.748 Territory in Isaia. THE GOSPELS Nazareth.749 Whence the Christ was called a Nazorite (Our Lord and Savior was called). Formerly (as a taunt were called) the Nazarenes are now the Christians. It is even now in Galilee (a village) opposite Legeōn fifteen miles to the east near Mt.Thabor (named Nazara). Naein (Naim).750 Village (city) in which the son of the widow was raised from the dead (The Lord raised). It is today twelve (two) miles south of (Mount) Thabor near Aendor.

SECTION X

JOSHUE Xil.751 (In) tribe of Juda.

SECTION O

GENESIS Orech.752 City of King Nebrod (Nemrod) in Babylon. Our of the Chaldees.753 Where "Arran died" the brother of Abraham. Where also Josephus reports his tomb is even "now pointed out." [Of this also we have looked into and have spoken in the book Hebrew Questions.] Oulammaous.754 The Hebrew has Louza. This is called also both Louza and Bethel. Noted above. There is (shown) another Oullama twelve miles east of Diocaesarea. [Olibama.755 City of the princes of Edom.] Odollam.756 Noted above also. Isaia mentions it. EXODUS Othom (Othon).757 The second station where those (the children of Israel) coming from Egypt came from Sokchōth "near the desert." JOSUE Opher.758 Josue besieged this and captures (killed) its king. Oolei.759 City (in tribe of) of lot of Aser. Ophra.760 Orad Ophra up to (the land of) Saul. [Here we read through O the short letter, later we record the long vowel.] Ous.761 Home of Job. In the territory of Ausitide. One of the sons of Esau is also called thus. [Of which we spoke in the book Hebrew Questions.]

SECTION P

THE PENTATEUCH Petra.762 City in the land of Edom in Arabia which is called Iechthoel. This is also called Rekem by the Assyrians (Syrians).

SECTION R

1 THE PENTATEUCH Roōbōth.763 City of Assyria which Assur built going from the land of Sennaar. [Of this also we have spoken fully in the book Hebrew Questions.] Roōbōth.764 Another City which is "by the river" which was the home of the king of Idumea. Now there is a fortress in the Gebalene (and a large village called by this name). Ramesse.765 City which the children of Israel built in Egypt. The whole territory was formerly called this. In it Jacob dwelled with his children. Roōb.766 Through which came (crossed) the spies with Josue (son of Nun). There is a village (today called) Roōb four miles from Scythopolis. Separated to the Levites. Raphaka.767 Station of the children of Israel in the desert. Raphidim.768 Place in the desert beside Mt.Horeb where the water flowed "from the rock" in Mt.Horeb. The place is called "Temptation." There Josue also fought Amalek near Pharan. Ratima.769 Station of the children of Israel in the desert.

2 Remmen Phares.770 Station of the children of Israel. Ressa.771 Station of the children of Israel. Ramōth.772 City (in) the tribe of Gad. Priestly and refuge, in the (land of) Galaaditide. It is now (a village) fifteen miles west (against the east) of Philadelphia. Rekem.773 It is also Petra, city of Arabia, "whose ruler Rocom the children of Israel killed. It is said he was also king of Madiam. JOSUE Remmōn.774 (In) tribe of Simeon or Juda. Now Remmōn is a village near Jerusalem, fifteen miles to the north. Rōgēl.775 Spring is called this. In lot (tribe) of Benjamin. Rama.776 (In) tribe of Benjamin. City of Saul. Seven (six) miles north of Jerusalem opposite Bethel. Jeremia mentioned it. Rekēm.777 (In) tribe of Benjamin. Remmōn.778 Rock Remmon. (In tribe of) lot of Simeon or Zabulon. [Rabbōth.779 (In tribe of) lot of Issachar. There is now another village Robbo in the region of Eleutheropolis to the east.

3 Rethōm.780] (In tribe of) lot of Issachar. Roōb.781 (In tribe of) lot of Aser. [City separated to the Levites. Rama.782 (In tribe of) lot of Aser.] "Up to the fortress city of Tyre." Rama.783 (In tribe of) lot of Nephthali. [Some of the names of the villages are assigned to different tribes because with us we see only one name to pronounce, when among the Hebrews they are written with various letters.] [Rekkath.784 (In tribe of); lot of Nephthali.] Rouma (Arima also).785 Where "Abimelech sat" as in Judges. Now it is called Remphis (Remthis) in the region of Diospolis which is called by many Arimathaia. KINGS Remmōth.786 Where David sent "the spoils." Rachel.787 Where David sent "the spoils." Remmōth Galaad.788 Now there is a village in Perea (beside the Jordan) beside the river Jobok. Noted also above. Rabbath.789 City of the king of Ammon which is (now) Philadelphia. Jeremia also mentions it.

4 Raōs (Roos).790 David came here (crossed through). Aquila and Symmachus (interpret) "the top" (the vault). Rogellein.791 Home of Bersellein the Galladi. Raphaein (Raphaeim).792 Valley of the heathen (Allofylus). North of Jerusalem. Remman.793 City of the king of Syria near Damascus. Reth.794 Asa conquered this. Rathem.795 (Which for) Aquilla (is interpreted) "juniper tree" and Symmachus "shelter" (shady place). Remmōn.796 Isaia (mentioned this) in the vision "Against the Moabites." Raseph.797 City of Syria. Rapheth.798 City "in the territory of Thaimon" (Theman) of Assyria. In Isaia (it is written). Rebla.799 In the land of Aimath where (victorious) Pharaoh led away Ioachaz (to Egypt). Remma.800 Mountain in Isaia. (For which Aquila (interprets) "Mt.Ermona" (Emmona), Symmachus "in Armenia." There is a village Remmous (Remmus) in Daroma. (Further) in the (book) of Kings Remman is the home of the idol of the Damascenes. Reblatha.801 Territory (or city) of Babylon (which they now call Antioch). Ramade (Ramale).802 (For which) Aquila (interprets) "be lifted up." (Written) in Zacharia. There is also (another place) Rama of Benjamin (in the tribe of) around Bethlehem where "a voice is heard in Rama." (Of this we have fully spoken in the book Hebrew Questions.)

5 Rinokoroura.803 Isaia. City of Egypt. [You should know that this word is not found in the Hebrew books but has been added by the translators of the Septuagint at the noted place.]

SECTION S

1 [What we have said in the book on Interpretation of Hebrew Names, even now in the heading of the letter S we see that among the Hebrews there are three S's: Samech, Sade and Sin. Yet these are pronounced as one sound among the Greek and Latin which in the Hebrew language are differentiated. So it is that each name appears to us to sound differently, and further each has another letter. Not only from one but from three letters places and cities and villages are described.] 804 GENESIS Sidōn.805 Famous Phoenician city. Formerly the northern boundary of the Chanaanites. Later of Judaea. Given by lot (to tribe of Aser) of Israel. Tribe of Aser fought to possess it but the tribe of Aser' "did not drive out the heathen" (were not able to drive out the enemy) Scripture affirms. Sennaar.806 Plain of Babylon where the Tower was built. From which "Assur went out and built Nineve." Josephus mentions it saying in the first book of Antiquities, "And as concerning the plain called Senaar in the region of Babylon, Hestiaeus speaks as follows, 'Now the priests who escaped took the sacred vessels of Zeus Enyalius (war like) and came to Sanaar in Babylonia.'"

2 Suchem (Sikima) (Salēm).807 City of Jacob now deserted. The place is pointed out in the suburb of Neapolis. There (near) the tomb of Joseph is pointed out near by. Abimelech came down on it (Latin omits phrase) "And sowed it with salt" as in (the book of) Judges. (Afterwards) Jeroboam rebuilt it according to Kings. Located on the border of the (tribe of) lot of Ephraim. One of the sons of Emmōr is called Suchem from which the place is called. There is also another Suchem in the mountain of Ephraim, a city of refuge. Sennaar.808 Home of Amarphal who fought against (the king of) Sodom. Sodoma.809 City of wicked men which was completely destroyed (divine fire consumed) near the Dead Sea. Sebōeim.810 City of the wicked near Sodom which was completely destroyed (disappeared in eternal ashes). Sōpheira.811 "Mountain of the East" in India. The sons of Iektan son of Eber dwelled near it as Josephus affirms, "Those from the river Kōphēn inhabited parts of India and of the adjacent country of Sēria." Here also the ships of Solomon carried cargo for three years' journey.

3 Soora.812 City near Sodom also called Sigor and Zoora. (Of which we spoke above.) Sauē.813 Ancient city in which the Ammorites dwelled beyond Sodom, which Chodollagomar destroyed. Sēeir.814 Mountain of the land of Edom where Easu dwelled in the (region of) Gebalene. It is named after him for he was fully covered with hair (he was hairy and bristly) and "being covered with hair" is the interpretation of Sēeir. (Seeir means hairy and so gets its name.) Scripture also says that before Esau, the Chorraites dwelled in the place called Seeir and were destroyed by Chodollagomor. Isaia also mentioned Seeir in the vision "of the Idumeans." Salēm.815 City of Sikimōn as Scripture affirms. Another village [is shown up to the present day near Jerusalem, to the west, by this same name. In the eighth mile toward Scythopolis in the plain there is a village Salumias. Josephus affirms the true Salem to be that in which Melchisedec ruled which later is called Solyma and finally gets the name Jerusalem.]

4 Sour.816 [Where the angel came to Sarai's maid Agar between Kades and Barad. The desert of Sur extends up to the Red Sea which goes around the border of Egypt. Further Kades is the desert beyond the city Petra. But Scripture notes the desert of Kades extends beyond Egypt to which the Hebrews first came after crossing the Red Sea.] Sēgōr.817 [Which is also Sala and Zoara, one of the five cities of Sodom. By the prayer of Lot was saved from fire.] Up to now it is still pointed out, Isaia mentions it in the vision "Against the Moabites." (As we have spoken above.) Skēnai (Scenae).818 (i.e., tabernacle.) Where Jacob dwelled after coming from Mesopotamia. [Which in the Hebrew language is called Socchoth.] EXODUS Sokchōth.819 First station of the children of Israel in the desert before (crossing) the Red Sea (after) coming out of Egypt. Sin.820 Desert extending between the Red Sea and the desert of Sina. From Sin they came into Raphidin, from there "into the desert of Sina" near Mt.Sina where Moses received (the tables of) the law. This desert the Hebrew Scriptures call Kades, but this is not in (the interpretation of) the Septuagint.

5 NUMBERS AND DEUTERONOMY Selmona.821 Station [of the children of Israel in the desert. Saphar.822Mt.Saphar. Station] of the children of Israel in the desert. Sattein (Sattim).823 Where "the degraded people fornicated with the daughters of Moab" near Mt.Phagōr. From here Josue sent those to spy out Jericho. Sabama.824 City of Moab in (land of) Galaad which the tribe of Ruben received. Isaia also mentions this in the vision "Against the Moabites." Selcha.825 City of King Og in the (region of) the Basanitide. Senna.826 Border of Judaea which is now (a hamlet) Magdalsenna [which means tower of Sena] eight (seven) miles north of Jericho. Sephama.827 Border of Judaea to the east. [Sadada.828 Border of Judaea.] JOSUE Somerōn.829 Josue besieged this and captured (killed) its king. This is said to be (now called) Sebaste now a city of Palestine (where relics of Saint John the Baptist are kept). It is said in Kings that Zambri, king of Israel, bought "the Mountain of Semeron from one Semel" and he built on it (its top) a city and named it Sameron after Semel (from the name of its owner he called it Serneron).

6 Sēeira.830 Josue also besieged this. Selcha.831 City in the Basanitide. Siōr.832 Which was opposite Egypt. There is (today shown) a village Sior between Jerusalem and Eleutheropolis. (In) tribe of Juda. [Of which there is full discussion in the book Hebrew Questions.] Saorth.833 (In) tribe of Ruben, above the Jordan. [Sachoth.834 (In) tribe of Gad, above the Jordan.] Saphōn.835 (In) tribe of Gad, above the Jordan. Sachōron.836 (In) tribe of Juda. [Sama (Samen).837 (In) tribe of Juda.] Soual.838 (In) tribe of Juda or Simeon. Sikelag (Secelec).839 Agchous (Anchus) (king of the heathen) gave this over to (the people) of David. Tribe of (lot of) Juda or Simeon in the Daroma. Sansana.840 (In) tribe of Juda. Saleei.841 (In) the tribe of Juda. Saraa.842 Village in the boundary of Eleutheropolis, (about) ten miles north on the road to Nicopolis. (In) tribe of Dan or Juda. Sokchō.843 (Today there are) two villages nine miles from Eleutheropolis on the road (highway) to Jerusalem. The upper (one in the Mountains) and the lower (the other in the plain) are named Sokchōth. (In) tribe of Juda.

7 Saraein.844 (In) tribe of Juda. Sennaan (Senam).845 (In) tribe of Juda. Sapheir.846 Village in the mountains which is (located) between Eleutheropolis and Askalon. (In) tribe of Juda. Sokchō.847 Noted also above Sokcho (is spoken of also above). It is said (also) the Samaritans from Babylon (who were brought from Babylon) founded it (the village). Skacha.848 (In) tribe of Juda. Selo.849 (In) tribe of Ephraim. In this the ark (of the testament and the tabernacle of the Lord remained) was first kept up to the time of Samuel. It is twelve (ten) miles from Neapolis in the Akrabattine. One of the sons of the patriarch Juda was called Selon (we read). Suchem (Sechem).850 (In) tribe of Manasse. City of priests and refuge in the Mountains of Ephraim where the bones of Joseph are buried. Noted also above Suchem (of which we spoke above). Sama.851 (i.e.,) Spring of Sama. (Sames) (in) tribe of Benjamin. (For which) Aquila (interprets) "spring or the sun."

8 Semreim.852 (In) tribe of Benjamin. Sela.853 (In) tribe of Benjamin. Sabe (Sabēe).854 (In) tribe of Simeon. Sarith (Sarid).855 Border of Zabulon. Sams.856 (For which) Symmachus and Theodotion (interpret) "sun." Semerōn.857Lot or (in tribe of) Zabulon. Sounēm (Sunem).858 Lot of (in tribe of) Issachar. There now is a village Soulēm (shown) five miles south of Mt.Thabor. Sion (Seon or Soen).859 Lot of (in tribe of) Issachar. Now (there is shown a village) is beside Mt.Thabor. Sasima.860 Border of Issachar. Sior.861 Lot of (in tribe of) Aser. Sennanein.862 Oak. (Belonging to) border of Naphthali. Sorek (Sorec).863 Lot of (in tribe of) Dan. Samson was there (we read) near Esthaol [of which we have spoken above]. Sames.864 Lot of (in tribe of) Dan. Noted above. [Which was mentioned above under the name of] Bethsamus. Salabein (Salabeim).865 Lot of (in tribe of) Dan. But there is now another (large) village (shown) in the border of Sebastē called Salaba.

9 Sepheth.866 (Place) of the Chanaanites. JUDGES Seirōtha.867 Where Aod fled (the judge fled). Noted above also Seeira (we spoke about above). Sour Oreb.868 (Which) Aquila (interprets) "Rook of Oreb." Selmon.869 Mountain on which Abimelech went fighting Sikima. Sephina.870 (Which for) Aquila and Symmachus (is interpreted) "north." Sōrēch.871 (Name of) wadi. Home of Balila wife of Samson. It is (today) the village called Sōrēch (Cafarsorch) north of Eleutheropolis near (the hamlet) Saraa the home of Samson. KINGS Sōpheim.872 In Mt. Ephraim (in neighborhood) of Armathaim. Salisa.873 Through which Saul went. [Senna.874 Name or a rook. Saaleim.875 (Village) through which Saul went.] A village of the region of Eleutheropolis seven miles to the west. Seiph (Sthif).876 Where Saul met Samuel. Sabeim.877 Where Saul fought. Sōnam.878 Home of the [woman] Somanite. There is a village (today) called Sanim on the border of Sabastē in the Akrabattinē. Saphamōth.879 Where David sent. Seeira.880 (Name of) well (at which) Joab turned away (back) Abner (the chief of the army).

10 Souba.881 Whose king David defeated. Sarthan.882 Below (at the foot of) Iezrael. Sōpheira (Soupheir).883 Where Solomon's ships went. Noted above (of which we spoke above). Mountain in the east (region) of India. Serōra.884 City on the way to Edom. Saba.885 Royal city of the Aithiopians which Josephus affirms Cambuse (the queen) named Meroen from the name or her own sister. Sela.886 Where Joas was beaten. Sephpharouem (Saffaruaim).887 From here the Assyrians moved to another place (transmigrating) to live in Samaria, from whom (arose the beginnings of the) are the Samaritan nation. Isaia mentions it. Sademoth.888 Where Josias (the king) burned (the images of) the idols. Sarepta.889 Famous village (little city) of Sidon (Sidonians on the highway) where Elias (once) "dwelled. Sarōn.890 (Which) Isaia (mentions saying), "Sarōn became a swamp" and the territory from Mt.Thabor to Lake Tiberias is now called Sarōnas. There is another Saronas, the region from Caesarea to Joppa. (All the land from Caesarea Palestine to the city of Joppa is called Saronas.)

11 Sephela.891 (As written) in Isaia. (For which) Aquila (interprets) "plain," Symmachus "valley." Even now it is called Sephela. It is all the region (fields and plains) around Eleutheropolis to the north and the west. Sennaar.892 In Micheae. (For which) Aquila (interprets) "Sannaan," Symmachus "flourishing" (fertile). (Michea the prophet mentions this.) Sedrach.893 Land or Damascus. (We read) in Zacharia. Siōn.894 Mountain (in the city) of Jerusalem. Samareia (Samaria).895 Royal city of Israel. Now (it is called) Sebastē. Also the region around it. [Receives its name from that city.] Sor (Tyre).896 Phoenician metropolis. Lot of (in tribe of) Naphthali. Soēne.897 City of Thebes. In Ezechiel (as Ezechiel writes). Sais.898 City of Egypt. [Ezechiel mentions it. District of Saites also.] Sadala.899 Border of Judaea as in Ezechiel (as Ezechiel writes). Sabareim.900 "On the border between Damascus and Aimath" as in Ezechiel (as Ezechiel writes). Salisa.901 (For which) Aquila (interprets) "three years." As in Jeremia. (Jeremia mentions this.)

12 Suchar.902 Before Neapolis near the field which Jacob gave to Joseph his son. In it the Christ (our Savior) according to John conversed with the Samaritan (woman) at the well. It is even now pointed out (where a church is now built).

SECTION T

1 GENESIS Tigris.903 The river going out east from Paradise, according to Scripture, "over against Assyria" (after many turns) flowing "into the Red Sea" as Josephus affirms. It is called by the nickname Tigris because of the violence resembling that of the like-named animal. (Properly called by this name because the excessively swift current is like the quickness of the animal.) Terebinthos in Sikemon.904 Under which Jacob hid "strange gods" (idols) near Neapolis. JOSUE Tina.905 (In) tribe of Juda. Telem.906 (In) tribe of Juda. Tessem.907 (In) tribe of Juda. Turos.908 (In) tribe of Nephthali. JUDGES Tabath.909 Where they fought against the Midianites. Tōb.910 Land where Jephte dwelled. Tapheth (Tofeth).911 "In the valley of the sons of Ennom" where the people committed idolatry (worshiped pagan idols), (is a place) in the suburbs of Jerusalem. Tanis.912 City of Egypt. (As) in Isaia and Ezechiel. Taphnas.913 City of Egypt. In Osee and Ezechiel and Jeremia. There the Jews who fled to Egypt with Jeremia [for fear of the Babylonians] dwelled.

2 THE GOSPELS Trachonitis territory or Itouraia.914 Of which Philip was tetrarch according to the Gospel of Luke. Noted above (we spoke of it above). It is extending from Bostra in the southern desert up to Damascus. (Beyond Bostra city of Arabia in the southern desert almost up to Damascus.) [We read this with the simple letter but truly that which follows is not from Teth but from Tau, i.e., for which the Greek Theta is written we must read with aspiration.] Note: in the Latin Manuscripts TH now follows.915

SECTION PH

1 GENESIS Pheisōn (Fison).916 Interpreted "multitude." It is the river the Greeks (we) called (call) Ganges which flowing from Paradise to (going through the regions at) India flows out into the sea. (Scripture) also said it encircles "all the land of Hevila where gold and rubies and (precious) emeralds (are produced)." Pharan.917 (Now) a city beyond Arabia adjoining the desert of the Saracens [who wander in the desert] through which the children or Israel went moving (camp) from Sinai. Located (we say) beyond Arabia on the south, three days journey to the east of Aila (in the desert Pharan) where Scripture affirms Ismael dwelled, whence the Ishmaelites [who are not the Saracens]. It is said (we read) also that (king) Chodollagomor cut to pieces those in "Pharan which is in the desert." Pulistieim.918 Now called Askalon and the famous territory of Palestine around it. Phrear.919 (Well) of the oath. Which Abraham dug where he swore an oath. It is now called Bērosaba in the (region) of the Geraritike (of which we spoke above).

2 Phrear.920 (Well) of vision. On the desert where Isaak dwelled. Phrear.921 (Well) of judgments. Up to the present time there is a village in the Geraritike called (by name) Berdan (which means in Latin "well of judgments"). Phrear.922 (Well) of Oath. Where Isaac and Abimelech swore. It is called the city of Isaac. There are also many other and different wells in (Holy) Scripture which are even now pointed out in the (region of) Geraritike and near Askalon. Phanouēl.923 Where after an all-night of wrestling Jacob's (Jacob merited the name Israel) name was changed to Israel near the Wadi Iabok, which in Hebrew is called [Fanuel, i.e., "face of God" because he saw god there]. Phogōr (Fogo).924 City of (king) Adad in the (region of) Geralitike. Phinōn.925 Station of the children of Israel in the desert, which was (one of) a city of the princes of Edom. It is Phainon where there are copper mines between the city of Petra and Zoara. [Now a village Phainon in the desert where copper is mined by condemned prisoners between the city of Petra and Zoara of which we spoke above.]

3 EXODUS Phithōm.926 City in Egypt which the children of Israel built. NUMBERS AND DEUTERONOMY Pharagx.927 Botrous. Ravine of the cluster where the spies got fruit as proof of the land. It is said to be Gophna interpreted "vine" fifteen miles from Jerusalem on the road going up to Neapolis. The report they swear is true. (This entry is not in the Latin) Phin.928 Station of the children of Israel in the desert. Pharagx Zare.929 Ravine Zared. Section of the desert. (This entry is not in the Latin.) Phear.930 Well in the desert. Where the people were. (This entry is not in the Latin.) Phathoura.931 City beyond Mesopotamia where Balaam (the soothsayer) came from. Located near Eleutheropolis there is another village (named Phathoura) on the road to Gaza. Phogōr (Bēthphogōr).932 Mountain in Moab to which (king) Balak led Balaam (the Soothsayer). Located above the place now called Libiados (Livias). There is another (village) Phogōr near Bethlehem (which is now called Faora).

4 Phasga.933 City of the Amorrites. It is also a mountain to the east of Phasga. Aquila (interprets) "tomb" (quarry) and the Septuagint "of the tomb" (in a quarried place). JUDGES [Phanouel.934 City which Jeroboam built.] Phanouēl.935 Tower which Gedeon destroyed. One of the sons of ōr is called Phanouēl. [Phraathōn.936 Home of Abdon judge of Israel "in the mountain of Amalek."] KINGS Pharagx Ennom.937 Ravine Ennon. Ge Ennom in Hebrew. Therefore some affirm this to be Gebenna near Jerusalem. It is said to be the name of the Ravine of Josephat. (This entry is not in the Latin.) Phelmoni Almoni.938Aquila "so and so" or "a certain." Symmachus "such a place." Theodotion "to a certain (place)" Elmoni (of which there is a full discussion in the book Hebrew Questions). Phogō.939 City of the king of Edom. Pharphar.940River of Damascus. Phathori.941Territory of Egypt as in Ezechiel and Jeremia where the Jews (having fled) dwelled.

SECTION X

1 GENESIS Chalannē.942 City of King Nebrod (Nemrod) in Babylon. Noted in Isaia (saying) "Chalanne where the tower was built." Chalak.943 City of Assyria which Assur built coming from the land of Sennaar. Charran.944 There is even now in Mesopotamia (beyond Edessa) a city called Karra. [Where the Roman soldiers were defeated and Grassus, their leader, was captured.] Chebrōn.945 Formerly called Arbok. (Arbe for which the Greek wrongly has Arbok.) Founded seven years before Tanis of Egypt. Noted above and described. Was the royal city of the Enakim. [Who we must believe were strong and gigantic.] Chōba.946 "It is left (north) of Damascus." There is a village Choba now in that region where Hebrews believing on the Christ [and keeping all the commandments of the Torah] are called Ebionites. [Against such doctrines Paul the apostle wrote to the Galatians.] Chabratha.947Aquila (interprets) "by the road" (i.e., near the road) going to Ephratha of Bethleem where Rachel died bearing Benjamin. [We have seen this word above and we spoke of it in the book Hebrew Questions.]

2 Chasbi.948 Where the wife of Juda bore a son. A deserted place (ruin) is now pointed out in the region of Eleutheropolis near Odollam. [This is fully discussed in the book Hebrew Questions.] NUMBERS AND DEUTERONOMY Chōrēb.949Mountain of God in the territory of Moab. Near Mt.Sinai beyond Arabia in the desert [Where the mountain and the desert or the Saracens called Faran meet. It seems to me that the two names are for the same mountain which is now called Sinai and now Choreb.] Charada.950 Station of the children of Israel. Chenereth.951 Sea. Border of Judaea. Lot of (tribe of) Nephthali. [But the town which later in honor of Tiberius Caesar, Herod the King of Judaea restored and called Tiberias first bore this name.] JOSUE Chepheira.952 City (village) of Gabaōn (of the city of Gabaon). (In) tribe of Benjamin. Chasalōn.953 Tribe of Benjamin on the border of Jerusalem. A (very) large village.

3 Chsil.954 (In) tribe of Juda. Chaphtheis.955 (In) tribe of Juda. Chermel.956 Tribe of Juda. Large city Chermel in the Daroma (Latin omits these two phrases). Home of Nabal (the Canaanite). Near Chebrōn (of which we spoke above) to the south. A guard of soldiers is stationed there. (Latin omits the last two sentences.) Chabōn.957 (In) tribe of Juda. Cheilōn.958 (In) tribe of Juda. Chephrei.959 (In) tribe of Benjamin. Cheselath Thabor.960 Lot of (in tribe of) Zabulon. KINGS Chettieim.961 Land of the Chittites or (is said to be) Cyprus. Whence the city Louza was founded. (There is also now a city of Cyprus called Cititium.) Charrei.962 (To this place) where Joab pursued Sabee (who was stirring up a revolution). Chomarreim.963 Where Josias put to flames (burned) the idols (images). Chalannē.964 "Where the tower was built" according to Isaia. Noted above (as we spoke above). Charran.965 City of Assyria around Thaiman (region) according to Isaia.

4 Chaselath tou Thabōr.966 Border of Zabulon. Noted above Chessalous (we spoke of it above under the name Chsalus). Chōbal.967 Border of Aser. Chalab.968 "Aser did not drive out" the heathen (former inhabitants) from here. Chorra.969 Wadi across the Jordan [in which Elias hid in the region of the same river]. Chōtha.970Territory of Assyria. Chōbar.971River of Assyria as in Ezechiel. Charchamus.972 City beside the river Euphrates. Chamōam.973 Village near Bethlehem. Chelōn (Elōn).974 City of Moab as in Jeremia. Chamōs.975 Idol of Moab. Chōrazein.976 Village (city) of Galilee over which the Christ suffered [wept and wailed at unbelief] according to the Gospel. Now deserted two miles from Capharnaoum. Cheimarrous Kedrōn.977 (i.e., Wadi) before Jerusalem (of which we spoke above between the Mt. of Olives and Jerusalem) where the Christ (Lord and Savior) was handed over as the Gospel of John affirms.

SECTION O

1 THE PENTATEUCH ōn.978 "Which is Heliopolis" (i.e., city of the sun) city in Egypt. The children of Israel built this according to the interpretation of the Septuagint. But more correctly the Hebrew (books) did not hold this since it existed (was built) before the coming of the children of Israel (before Jacob came into Egypt). (Petefrem) the father of Asennek was priest here. ōr.979 Mountain on which Aaron died near the city of Petra. There is now pointed out the rock which flowed for Moses (which Moses struck and gave water to the people). ōbōth.980 Station of the children of Israel in the desert. JOSUE and KINGS Osa.981 (In tribe of) lot of Aser. Oram.982 (In tribe of) lot of Nephthali. Opheir.983 Where gold was brought by Solomon as (we read) in (the book of) Kings. One of the descendants of Eber was named Oupheir whose sons (coming) "from the river Kōphenos in inhabited India and the nearby Syrias" (from the river Kophene dwelled in the region of India called Ieria) according to Josephus. (I believe) this region is properly named from him.

2 Ôn.984 City of Samaria. The Hebrew had (written) Aun. Aquila and Symmachus (interpret) "useless." Theodotion "unjust." ōlō.985 City of priests. ōronaeim.986 City of Moab in Jeremia (as Jeremia has written). This text was transcribed by Noel Wolf, 2005.