Hebrews 12

Chapter 12. The Goal of FaithYou have not come to a mountain that can be touched and that is burning with fire; to darkness, gloom and storm; to a trumpet blast or to such a voice speaking words that those who heard it begged that no further word be spoken to them, because they could not bear what was commanded: “If even an animal touches the mountain, it must be stoned.” The sight was so terrifying that Moses said, “I am trembling with fear.“But you have come to Mount Zion, to the heavenly Jerusalem, the city of the living God. You have come to thousands upon thousands of angels in joyful assembly, to the church of the firstborn, whose names are written in heaven. You have come to God, the judge of all men, to the spirits of righteous men made perfect, to Jesus the mediator of a new covenant, and to the sprinkled blood that speaks a better word than the blood of Abel. (Hebrews 12:18-24)We have seen in our former studies in the epistle to the Hebrews, the Captain of our salvation bringing many sons unto glory along the pathway of faith. Now in this sublime passage we have presented to us the final goal to which He is bringing them. The figure is a strong antithesis, presenting in striking contrast the difference between the Old Testament and the New. The whole epistle has been richly laden with Old Testament allusions and quotations. The writer has taken us back to Abel and Enoch, Noah and Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, Melchizedek and Joseph, Moses and Joshua, Gideon and Barak, Samuel and David, the Old Testament prophets and the ancient high priest. The tabernacle in the wilderness and its imposing ritual, and indeed all the ordinances and types of the ancient Scriptures have been laid under contribution to unfold the richness of Jesus Christ in whom they are all fulfilled. Now he gathers up the substance of all these ancient types and figures in one magnificent contrast between the law and the gospel, the Old Testament and the New He had already told us in the close of the 11th chapter that “God had planned something better for us so that only together with us would they be made perfect” (Hebrews 11:40). In the present passage he shows us by this striking antithesis how much better the thing that God has provided is, and how lofty and sublime are the immunities and privileges to which we have been introduced by the gospel and the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ.

No Condemnation

No CondemnationHe tells us that we “have not come to a mountain that can be touched and is burning with fire; to darkness, gloom and storm” (Hebrews 12:18). All this is descriptive of the terrors of the ancient law. This was the dispensation of judgment. We are not under it now. We have been delivered from it, and there is “now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus” (Romans 8:1). Not by the sanctions of fear and the threatenings of judgment, but by the gentle constraint of love are we held to our sacred obligations. Let us not get under the law or back to bondage, but stand firm—“it is for freedom that Christ has set us free” (Galatians 5:1). We are under the law of faith and not of works, and the law of faith is the law of love, and the reign of grace.

Come to Mount Zion

Come to Mount ZionMount Zion is the antithesis of Mount Sinai. It is the mount of mercy as the other was of judgment. Therefore the ark of God was set up on Mount Zion and the symbol of God’s covenant and mercy was established there and it became significant of divine grace. The ark and the tabernacle were symbols of God’s mercy and types of Jesus Christ, who came to fulfill the law and deliver us from its curse and condemnation; therefore Mount Zion stands for the grace of God in contrast with the terrors of Sinai. Let us ever remember this and dwell in the light of its mercy and so “keep [ourselves] in God’s love as [we] wait for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ to bring [us] to eternal life” (Jude 1:21).

The Heavenly Jerusalem

The Heavenly JerusalemWe come unto “the heavenly Jerusalem, the city of the living God” (Hebrews 12:22). The earthly Jerusalem was the center of God’s earthly people; the heavenly Jerusalem is the home of God’s spiritual people. It is a city which He is preparing out of spiritual realities, and of which His holy people are the materials and elements which He is building together, and which shall one day be seen descending from heaven as a vision of transcendent glory, more radiant than the rainbow, more precious than all the gems of earth. We have come to this city now. We are members of its glorious society. Our citizenship is in heaven and our names are written in its civic records. Faith claims our high position even here, And hope foredates the joyful day When these old skies shall cease to sunder The one dear love-linked family.

Thousands of Angels

Thousands of AngelsWe are come “to thousands upon thousands of angels” (Hebrews 12:22). These celestial beings are also inhabitants of the city of God and attendants upon the heirs of salvation. Already we are compassed about with them as ministering spirits, and although we see them not yet, doubtless their interposing love often rescues us from hidden dangers and snares. Undoubtedly they are the spectators of our earthly course, and are watching our conflicts and our victories with intense interest. We are to them object lessons of the government of God and the wonders of redeeming love, and they are doubtless our protectors and guardians and often the unseen messengers of answered prayer and divine blessing. Let us realize the honor of our glorious associations and walk worthy of such high companionships.

The Church of the Firstborn

The Church of the FirstbornWe have come “to the church of the firstborn, whose names are written in heaven” (Hebrews 12:23). Literally this means, “the firstborn ones.” This description includes the whole company of the redeemed, the great assembly of the saints of God from every age and clime. They are all called firstborn ones; that is, they share the inheritance of the firstborn, and they stand in exactly the same position as Christ, the only begotten Son of God, and the Elder Brother in the divine family. Our inheritance as God’s children is not that of a younger son, but is the same as the Elder Brother’s. Jesus, the Firstborn, shares with us all His privileges, and reminds us that God is “[his] Father and [our] Father; [his] God and [our] God” (John 20:17). In what sense have we come to this general assembly and heavenly Church? Our names are written there. We are recognized already as if we also were there. We are counted one with the ransomed saints above. One family we dwell in Him, One Church above, beneath; Though now divided by the stream, The narrow stream of death. One army of the living God At His command we bow, Part of the host have passed the flood, And part are crossing now.

The Judge of All Men

The Judge of All MenWe have come “to God, the judge of all men” (Hebrews 12:23). The idea of this reference seems to be that through the redemption of Jesus Christ we have been brought back to the Father, and have been restored to our original place as His children. “For Christ died for sins once for all,” we are told, “the righteous for the unrighteous, to bring [us] to God” (1 Peter 3:18). We were “without God in the world” (Ephesians 2:12). We were strangers and enemies to God. We were far away from God; but Christ has brought us home, and now we are back in the Father’s house. He came from God to seek us and to bring us the message of His love. He went back to God as our High Priest to present His offering and sacrifice for our salvation, and now He has taken us back to God with Him. And so once more it is true that God is our home and our dwelling place, and we are restored to that place for which He interceded in His last prayer by Kidron’s brook, “That all of them may be one, Father, just as you are in me and I am in you. May they also be in us” (John 17:21). Union with God in the blessed beatific fellowship of His eternal love—this is the goal of faith and the consummation of redemption.

The Spirits of Righteous Men

The Spirits of Righteous MenWe have come “to the spirits of righteous men made perfect” (Hebrews 12:23). This is almost synonymous with the previous statement that we have come to the general assembly and the Church of the firstborn. But it seems to refer to the individual spirits of the glorified, rather than to the collective body of the whole general assembly and Church above. Perhaps it suggests the precious hope and consoling thought that we are standing in close fellowship with the glorified dead whom we have known and loved on earth. Is there not back of the lie of spiritualism a truth somewhere, perhaps but dimly revealed, but not forbidden to our clinging, longing hearts—that those who have left us are not, perhaps, so far away as we sometimes deem? And although they cannot speak to us and we must not attempt by the arts of sorcery to open communications with the world beyond through them, yet through Him in whose presence they dwell, and to whom we may freely come in prayer, they have a very close connection with our earthly life. It may be that they are conversant with our struggles, joys and triumphs. Perhaps they are permitted in some sense to minister to us still, and are undoubtedly allowed to keep alive the love that still binds our hearts together, and are waiting with joyful expectation to the time when we shall meet them again at His glorious coming. How much there may be hidden behind those gentle words of Christ, “If it were not so, I would have told you” (John 14:2).

Jesus the Mediator

Jesus the MediatorWe have come “to Jesus the mediator of a new covenant” (Hebrews 12:24). Perhaps this was inserted here to keep us from thinking for a moment that our beloved dead could in any sense be mediators between us and God. There is but one Mediator, and that is Jesus Christ. Through Him alone we have access to the eternal world, and through Him all our interests and relationships are maintained. We are come to Him, but in coming to Him He brings us to all that He represents on the heaven side. He brings us to the Father and to the family. He secures for us the help and strength we need from moment to moment. He keeps open to us all the resources of divine sufficiency. He presents our prayers before the throne and sends the answer from above. He represents us continually to the Father, and through Him we are accepted every moment even as He. And by and by, should His public advent be delayed, He will be the Mediator through whom our spirit will pass from the earthly to the eternal world and we be translated, in the arms of His love, into that heavenly city and society, for He says: “I am going there to prepare a place for you. And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come back and take you to be with me that you also may be where I am” (John 14:2-3).

The Sprinkled Blood

The Sprinkled BloodWe have come “to the sprinkled blood that speaks a better word than the blood of Abel” (Hebrews 12:24). The blood of sprinkling refers to the constant provision of Christ’s priesthood for our acceptance and full salvation. The blood shed was the figure of Christ’s life offered to atone for our sins, but the blood sprinkled refers to the constant application of Christ’s grace to our souls in sanctifying and keeping us from the power of sin. It speaks better things than that of Abel inasmuch as Abel’s blood cried out for judgment against his murderer, but Christ’s blood cries out for pardon even for His murderers and enemies. Perhaps also the better things may refer to the fact that while Abel’s blood availed for justification, Christ’s blood avails for sanctification, cleansing us from both the guilt and power of sin.

Him Who Speaks

Him Who Speaks"See to it that you do not refuse him who speaks” (Hebrews 12:25). On account of these high and glorious dignities and distinctions that belong to the gospel of Jesus Christ and our standing in Him, there arises a corresponding responsibility on our part, much greater than even under the ancient law. Therefore the apostle adds, “See to it that you do not refuse him who speaks. If they did not escape when they refused him who warned them on earth, how much less will we, if we turn away from him who warns us from heaven?” (Hebrews 12:25). Let us not imagine that because the spirit of the gospel is more beneficent than that of the law, our transgression against its grace and love will be suffered with impunity. The very gentleness of that grace will but aggravate our guilt and increase our punishment. He who can despise such mercy and trifle with such love can only look for the severest punishment. The God of the New Testament, not less than the God of the Old, is a consuming fire. Only the fire seeks now to consume the sin rather than the sinner, but if the sinner refuses to part with the sin it must consume him too.

Shaking the Earth

Shaking the Earth"At that time his voice shook the earth” (Hebrews 12:26). The goal of faith will not be fully reached until the coming of that more glorious day of which this passage speaks in the concluding verses when Christ shall come in all His glorious power. “At that time his voice shook the earth, but now he has promised, ‘Once more I will shake not only the earth but also the heavens.’ The words ‘once more’ indicate the removing of what can be shaken—that is, created things—so that what cannot be shaken may remain” (Hebrews 12:26-27). That is to say, in a little while this dispensation is to reach its close in a grand upheaval and convulsion of both earth and heaven, and in a tragedy more tremendous than Mount Sinai ever saw. Then everything that is shakable shall be shaken to pieces and disappear with the dissolving world. And so God is testing us now that He may shake out of us the things that are transient and temporal, and that we may be established in the things which cannot be shaken and which shall remain. This is the meaning of all the tests and trials of life. Christ the Author and Finisher of our faith is searching and proving our faith, and bringing to light every weakness and defect so that we may be established, and settled and prepared for the testing day. Whatever is subject to change, let it change and pass away. Let us not fear the fire. Let us not shrink from the sifting and shaking process. Let us be thankful that we have One who loves us with such inexorable love that He will not let us go into judgment unprepared, but is giving us armor proved and tried before that testing day. Let us welcome the ordeal and echo the prayer: Burn on, O fire of God, burn on, Till all my dross is burned away, Burn up the dregs of self and sin, Prepare me for the testing day.

Be Thankful

Be Thankful"Therefore, since we are receiving a kingdom chat cannot be shaken, let us be thankful, and so worship God acceptably with reverence and awe" (Hebrews 12:28). Let faith claim her kingdom in all its fullness and glory, and let her also claim the grace and power to be worthy of it. It is all grace from first to last, and the grace that prepared the kingdom can prepare us for it and keep us true to it until the final consummation. Glory be to God, and thanks and praise for the riches of grace and the possibilities of faith!