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Pseudonymous, apocryphal and doubtful writings

Writings put under an apostle’s or Father’s name that he did not write, apocryphal gospels and acts, and works of doubtful authorship. They are kept apart so that no one mistakes them for the genuine works.

48 authors143 works All authors A–Z

Psalms of Solomon

1st century BC · The later Fathers

Eighteen psalms written in Jerusalem after Pompey’s conquest in 63 BC, praying for a righteous Messiah of David’s line; they survive in Greek and Syriac, and the Syriac version is the one translated here.

1 work

Apocalypse of Abraham

1st–2nd century · The Apostolic Fathers

A Jewish apocalypse of Abraham's visions, kept in Old Slavonic.

1 work

Testament of Abraham

1st–2nd century · The Apostolic Fathers

A Jewish-Christian tale of Abraham's death.

1 work

Odes of Solomon

late 1st–2nd century · The Apostolic Fathers

Forty-two short Christian hymns of praise, preserved in Syriac and (in part) in Greek and Coptic and ascribed to Solomon; they are among the earliest Christian songs and their date and origin are still debated.

1 work

Apocalypse of Peter

2nd century · The Apostolic Fathers

A second-century vision of heaven and hell put under Peter's name.

2 works

Gospel of Peter

2nd century · The Apostolic Fathers

A second-century account of the passion and resurrection, found in Egypt in 1886.

1 work

Protoevangelium of James

c. AD 150 · The Apostolic Fathers

An apocryphal gospel of the birth and childhood of Mary.

1 work

Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs

c. 2nd century BC – 2nd century AD · The second century

Farewell speeches of Jacob’s twelve sons, with a Jewish core and later Christian additions.

1 work

Acts of John

2nd–3rd century · The second century

An apocryphal account of the travels and miracles of the apostle John.

2 works

Pseudo-Irenaeus

uncertain · The second century

Fragments put under Irenaeus's name.

1 work

Acts of Thomas

early 3rd century · The third century

An apocryphal account of Thomas in India, written in Syriac or Greek.

1 work

Pseudo-Tertullian

3rd century · The third century

A list of heresies that was printed with Tertullian’s works.

4 works

Pseudo-Hippolytus

3rd century and later · The third century

Dubious and spurious pieces once ascribed to Hippolytus of Rome.

1 work

Pseudo-Melito of Sardis

uncertain, 3rd century · The third century

A Syriac apology addressed to an emperor.

1 work

Pseudo-Origen of Alexandria

uncertain · The third century

Writings put under the name of Origen of Alexandria that are spurious or of doubtful authorship.

3 works

Lives of the Prophets

1st–4th century · The third century

A short Greek collection of legends about the lives and deaths of the Old Testament prophets.

4 works

Pseudo-Cyprian

3rd century and later · The third century

Short works that were handed down with Cyprian’s writings but are not his.

22 works

Statutes of the Apostles (Apostolic Church Order)

3rd–4th century · The third century

An early church order, ascribed to the twelve apostles, on the offices of bishop, presbyter, deacon, reader and widow, on baptism, fasting, prayer and the Lord’s Supper. It survives in Greek fragments and in Ethiopic, Arabic and Sahidic Coptic translations.

1 work

Syriac apocryphal psalms

uncertain · The third century

Psalms outside the Bible found in Syriac manuscripts.

1 work

Pseudo-Clement (the Clementine writings)

3rd–4th century · The age of Nicaea

The Clementine Homilies, Recognitions and Epistles on Virginity, written under the name of Clement of Rome.

3 works

Pseudo-Clement (the Clementine writings)

3rd–4th century · The age of Nicaea

The Clementine Homilies, Recognitions and Epistles on Virginity, written under the name of Clement of Rome.

8 works

Acts of Philip

4th century · The age of Nicaea

An apocryphal account of the work and martyrdom of the apostle Philip.

1 work

New Testament apocrypha

2nd–7th century · The age of Nicaea

Apocryphal gospels, acts and revelations of the early Church, in the translation of the Ante-Nicene Fathers.

41 works

Pseudo-Athanasius of Alexandria

uncertain · The age of Nicaea

Writings put under the name of Athanasius of Alexandria that are spurious or of doubtful authorship.

1 work

Vision of Paul

4th century · The golden age of the Fathers

A fourth-century tale of Paul's journey through heaven and hell.

1 work

Acts of Xanthippe and Polyxena

3rd–5th century · The golden age of the Fathers

A romance about two women converted by the apostle Paul's preaching in Spain.

1 work

Narrative of Zosimus

4th–5th century · The golden age of the Fathers

A story of a hermit who visits the Rechabites, the 'Blessed Ones'.

1 work

Pseudo-Epiphanius

uncertain · The golden age of the Fathers

Writings handed down under the name of Epiphanius.

1 work

Pseudo-Hilary

uncertain · The golden age of the Fathers

Writings handed down under the name of Hilary.

3 works

Pseudo-Ignatius

4th–5th century · The golden age of the Fathers

Spurious letters written in the name of Ignatius of Antioch.

2 works

Pseudo-Pionius

4th–5th century · The golden age of the Fathers

A Greek life of Polycarp ascribed to a certain Pionius.

1 work

Pseudo-Sulpicius Severus (the Doubtful Letters)

4th–5th century · The golden age of the Fathers

Letters of doubtful authorship once printed with Sulpicius Severus.

1 work

Pseudo-Sulpicius Severus (the Doubtful Letters)

4th–5th century · The golden age of the Fathers

Letters of doubtful authorship once printed with Sulpicius Severus.

1 work

Acts of Barnabas

5th century · The golden age of the Fathers

An apocryphal account of the later life and death of Barnabas.

1 work

Apocalypse of Sedrach

5th century · The golden age of the Fathers

A dialogue of the saint Sedrach with God on mercy for sinners.

1 work

Pseudo-Eucherius

uncertain, 5th century · The golden age of the Fathers

A short description of Jerusalem put under the name of Eucherius.

1 work

Pseudo-John Chrysostom (Coptic)

uncertain · The golden age of the Fathers

Coptic homilies put under the name of John Chrysostom.

1 work

Acts of Peter and Paul

5th century or earlier · The later Fathers

A legendary account of the last days of the two apostles in Rome.

1 work

Apocryphal Acts of the Apostles (Syriac)

5th–6th century · The later Fathers

Syriac apocryphal acts of the apostles, edited and translated by William Wright in 1871.

1 work

Pseudo-Linus

5th–6th century · The later Fathers

Latin accounts of the martyrdom of Peter and Paul put under the name of Linus of Rome.

1 work

Pseudo-Victor of Vita

uncertain · The later Fathers

Writings handed down with Victor of Vita's history.

2 works

Chronicle of Arbela

6th century (disputed) · The later Fathers

A Syriac chronicle of the church of Arbela whose authenticity is disputed.

1 work

Pseudo-Polycarp

6th century · The later Fathers

Fragments put under Polycarp’s name, preserved by Victor of Capua.

1 work

Contendings of the Apostles

Ethiopic collection · The later Fathers

A large Ethiopic collection of the preachings, miracles and martyrdoms of the apostles, made from Greek, Syriac, Coptic and Arabic legends. It is legendary and is not scripture; it is kept with the pseudonymous writings.

2 works

Coptic Apocalypse of Daniel

early medieval · The later Fathers

A Coptic apocalypse put under the name of Daniel.

1 work

Syriac and Arabic apocrypha (anonymous)

medieval, from Syriac and Garshuni manuscripts · The later Fathers

Anonymous apocryphal and devotional writings that survive only in Syriac, Arabic or Garshuni (Arabic written in Syriac letters) manuscripts, edited and translated for the Woodbrooke Studies.

5 works

Apocalypse of the Virgin

9th–10th century · The early Middle Ages

A Byzantine vision of the punishments of the damned shown to Mary.

1 work

Early papal decretals (Pseudo-Isidore)

forged in the 9th century · The early Middle Ages

Letters put under the names of the early popes of the third century.

7 works

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