Daniel 70 weeks
Daniel 9:24, “Seventy weeks are determined upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up the vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most Holy.”
Seventy periods of 7 years (or 490 years) are determined for God’s chosen people to accomplish certain tasks. Those tasks are to:
1. Finish the transgression
Isaiah 53:4-6;8, “Surely he hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows: yet we did esteem him stricken, smitten of God, and afflicted. But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed. All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned every one to his own way; and the LORD hath laid on him the iniquity of us all…He was taken from prison and from judgment: and who shall declare his generation? for he was cut off out of the land of the living: for the transgression of my people was he stricken.”
Hebrews 9:14-15, “How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living God? And for this cause he is the mediator of the new testament, that by means of death, for the redemption of the transgressions that were under the first testament, they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance.
2. Make an end of sins
Matthew 1:20-21, “But while he thought on these things, behold, the angel of the LORD appeared unto him in a dream, saying, Joseph, thou son of David, fear not to take unto thee Mary thy wife: for that which is conceived in her is of the Holy Ghost. And she shall bring forth a son, and thou shalt call his name JESUS: for he shall save his people from their sins.”
Romans 4:6-8, “Even as David also describeth the blessedness of the man, unto whom God imputeth righteousness without works, Saying, Blessed are they whose iniquities are forgiven, and whose sins are covered. Blessed is the man to whom the Lord will not impute sin.”
3. Make reconciliation for iniquity
2 Corinthians 5:18-20, “And all things are of God, who hath reconciled us to himself by Jesus Christ, and hath given to us the ministry of reconciliation; To wit, that God was in Christ, reconciling the world unto himself, not imputing their trespasses unto them; and hath committed unto us the word of reconciliation. Now then we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God did beseech you by us: we pray you in Christ's stead, be ye reconciled to God.”
Hebrews 2:17, “Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren, that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people.”
4. Bring in everlasting righteousness
Matthew 3:14-15, “But John forbad him, saying, I have need to be baptized of thee, and comest thou to me? And Jesus answering said unto him, Suffer it to be so now: for thus it becometh us to fulfil all righteousness. Then he suffered him.”
Romans 1:16-17, “For I am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ: for it is the power of God unto salvation to every one that believeth; to the Jew first, and also to the Greek. For therein is the righteousness of God revealed from faith to faith: as it is written, The just shall live by faith.”
5. Seal up vision and prophecy
Matthew 5:17, “Think not that I am come to destroy the law, or the prophets: I am not come to destroy, but to fulfil.”
Matthew 1:22, “Now all this was done, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying,”
Matthew 2:5, “And they said unto him, In Bethlehem of Judaea: for thus it is written by the prophet,”
Matthew 2:15, “And was there until the death of Herod: that it might be fulfilled which was spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying, Out of Egypt have I called my son.”
Matthew 2:17, “Then was fulfilled that which was spoken by Jeremiah the prophet, saying,”
Matthew 2:23, “And he came and dwelt in a city called Nazareth: that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophets, He shall be called a Nazarene.”
Matthew 11:13, “For all the prophets and the law prophesied until John.”
6. Anoint the most holy.
Matthew 3:16, “And Jesus, when he was baptized, went up straightway out of the water: and, lo, the heavens were opened unto him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove, and lighting upon him: And lo a voice from heaven, saying, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.”
Mark 14:8, “She hath done what she could: she is come aforehand to anoint my body to the burying.”
Luke 4:17-18, “And there was delivered unto him the book of the prophet Esaias. And when he had opened the book, he found the place where it was written, The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he hath anointed me to preach the gospel to the poor; he hath sent me to heal the brokenhearted, to preach deliverance to the captives, and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at liberty them that are bruised,”
Acts 10:38, “How God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Ghost and with power: who went about doing good, and healing all that were oppressed of the devil; for God was with him.”
All six of these were fulfilled by Jesus during His earthly ministry. When trying to understand this prophesy, we must not overlook the purpose of the prophesy.
Daniel 9:25, “Know therefore and understand, that from the going forth of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem unto the Messiah the Prince shall be seven weeks, and threescore and two weeks: the street shall be built again, and the wall, even in troublous times.”
The 70 weeks/sevens begin on the command to restore and build Jerusalem. There are a few command given in scripture and the one most likely to be the correct starting point is the one given in Ezra 7:11-28 around 457 B.C., 483 years later (69 sevens) would bring us around 27 B.C. which is the time when Jesus began His ministry and was anointed by the Holy Spirit.
Daniel 9:26, “And after threescore and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but not for himself: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a flood, and unto the end of the war desolations are determined.”
After the 69th week/seven, the Messiah will be “cut off” or killed. He will not be killed because of something He did, but because of someone else.
I will pause here for a moment because this is where the confusion begins. First, Let us put ourselves in Daniel’s shoes for a moment. Do you think Daniel would have seen a gap between the 69th and 70th week/seven? No. He would not think to place a gap between them, but would naturally to have thought that the 70th week/seven would have followed the 69th week/seven, just like all the previous 69 weeks/sevens followed each one another without gaps.
Daniel 9:27, “And he shall confirm the covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and for the overspreading of abominations he shall make it desolate, even until the consummation, and that determined shall be poured upon the desolate.”
Picking up from verse 26, Daniel would have seen the 70th week/seven as happening right after the 69th week/seven. Daniel would have seen that HE shall confirm/make the covenant with many for one week/seven. Now, you might ask: What about the destruction of the city and the sanctuary spoken of in verse 26? Would Daniel have thought it would occur during the 70th week/seven? He would have, but the prophesy doesn’t say it must. The prophesy just says that it will happen after the 69th week/seven. Would Daniel have thought that the Messiah would be “cut off” during the 70th week/seven? He would have and the prophesy tells us that this happened because in the middle of the 70th week/seven the sacrifice and oblation were made to cease. Why do I believe that during the middle of the 70th week/seven refers to the death of Christ?
When Jesus died the ceremonial rituals were put to an end. Hebrews 9:11-14 says, “But Christ being come an high priest of good things to come, by a greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands, that is to say, not of this building; Neither by the blood of goats and calves, but by his own blood he entered in once into the holy place, having obtained eternal redemption for us. For if the blood of bulls and of goats, and the ashes of an heifer sprinkling the unclean, sanctifieth to the purifying of the flesh: How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?”
As for the covenant confirmed/made let us remember Jesus’ words at the Lord’s Supper, “In the same way, after the supper he took the cup, saying, "This cup is the new covenant in my blood, which is poured out for you.” (Luke 22:20)