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St. Augustine

Confessions - Book Vii - Chapter Xxi

St. Augustine reveals how the apostle Paul's writings illuminate the unity of divine grace and human struggle, guiding believers from doubt to faith and the hope of salvation through Christ.
In this sermon, St. Augustine explores his transformative journey from doubt to faith as he studies the apostle Paul's writings. He highlights the unity of Scripture and the profound role of divine grace in overcoming sin and spiritual struggle. Augustine contrasts Christian revelation with Platonic philosophy, emphasizing the humble reception of God's truth and the hope found in Christ's redemption.

Text

27. With great eagerness, then, I fastened upon the venerable writings of thy Spirit and principally upon the apostle Paul. I had thought that he sometimes contradicted himself and that the text of his teaching did not agree with the testimonies of the Law and the Prophets; but now all these doubts vanished away. And I saw that those pure words had but one face, and I learned to rejoice with trembling. So I began, and I found that whatever truth I had read [in the Platonists] was here combined with the exaltation of thy grace. Thus, he who sees must not glory as if he had not received, not only the things that he sees, but the very power of sight--for what does he have that he has not received as a gift? By this he is not only exhorted to see, but also to be cleansed, that he may grasp thee, who art ever the same; and thus he who cannot see thee afar off may yet enter upon the road that leads to reaching, seeing, and possessing thee. For although a man may \"delight in the law of God after the inward man,\" what shall he do with that other \"law in his members which wars against the law of his mind, and brings him into captivity under the law of sin, which is in his members\"?[224] Thou art righteous, O Lord; but we have sinned and committed iniquities, and have done wickedly. Thy hand has grown heavy upon us, and we are justly delivered over to that ancient sinner, the lord of death. For he persuaded our wills to become like his will, by which he remained not in thy truth. What shall \"wretched man\" do? \"Who shall deliver him from the body of this death,\"[225] except thy grace through Jesus Christ our Lord; whom thou hast begotten, coeternal with thyself, and didst create in the beginning of thy ways[226]--in whom the prince of this world found nothing worthy of death, yet he killed him--and so the handwriting which was all against us was blotted out? The books of the Platonists tell nothing of this. Their pages do not contain the expression of this kind of godliness--the tears of confession, thy sacrifice, a troubled spirit, a broken and a contrite heart, the salvation of thy people, the espoused City, the earnest of the Holy Spirit, the cup of our redemption. In them, no man sings: \"Shall not my soul be subject unto God, for from him comes my salvation? He is my God and my salvation, my defender; I shall no more be moved.\"[227] In them, no one hears him calling, \"Come unto me all you who labor.\" They scorn to learn of him because he is \"meek and lowly of heart\"; for \"thou hast hidden those things from the wise and prudent, and hast revealed them unto babes.\" For it is one thing to see the land of peace from a wooded mountaintop: and fail to find the way thither--to attempt impassable ways in vain, opposed and waylaid by fugitives and deserters under their captain, the \"lion\" and \"dragon\"[228]; but it is quite another thing to keep to the highway that leads thither, guarded by the hosts of the heavenly Emperor, on which there are no deserters from the heavenly army to rob the passers-by, for they shun it as a torment.[229] These thoughts sank wondrously into my heart, when I read that \"least of thy apostles\"[230] and when I had considered all thy works and trembled.

Sermon Outline

  1. I
    • Initial doubts about apostle Paul's teachings
    • Recognition of unity between Law, Prophets, and Paul's writings
    • Joyful trembling in understanding divine grace
  2. II
    • The conflict between the law of the mind and the law of sin
    • Acknowledgment of human sinfulness and captivity under death
    • The need for divine grace through Jesus Christ
  3. III
    • Contrast between Platonic philosophy and Christian revelation
    • The unique expression of godliness through confession and contrition
    • Invitation to follow the path guarded by heavenly hosts
  4. IV
    • Reflection on the humility and meekness of Christ
    • The revelation of divine truths to the humble rather than the wise
    • Encouragement to persevere on the highway to peace

Key Quotes

“So I began, and I found that whatever truth I had read [in the Platonists] was here combined with the exaltation of thy grace.” — St. Augustine
“Who shall deliver him from the body of this death except thy grace through Jesus Christ our Lord?” — St. Augustine
“Thou hast hidden those things from the wise and prudent, and hast revealed them unto babes.” — St. Augustine

Application Points

  • Recognize that all spiritual gifts and understanding are received from God and should inspire humility.
  • Acknowledge the ongoing internal struggle with sin and seek God's grace daily for deliverance.
  • Embrace the path of faith with meekness and perseverance, trusting in Christ's redemptive power.

Frequently Asked Questions

What was St. Augustine's initial struggle with Paul's writings?
He thought Paul sometimes contradicted himself and that his teachings did not align with the Law and the Prophets.
How does Augustine describe the conflict within a believer?
He explains it as a war between the law of the mind and the law of sin in the members, leading to captivity under sin.
What is the role of grace according to this sermon?
Grace through Jesus Christ is the only deliverance from the body of death and sin.
Why does Augustine contrast Platonic philosophy with Christian teaching?
Because Platonic writings lack the expression of godliness, confession, and the hope found in Christ's sacrifice.
Who does God reveal His truths to, according to Augustine?
God reveals His truths to the humble and childlike rather than the wise and prudent.

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