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St. Augustine

Confessions - Book X - Chapter Xxx

St. Augustine reflects on the struggle between reason and sinful desires, especially in dreams, and trusts in God's grace for inner healing and purity.
In this devotional sermon from Confessions Book X, St. Augustine candidly examines the inner battle between reason and sinful desires, especially as they manifest in dreams. He acknowledges human imperfection while expressing deep trust in God's healing grace to purify the soul. Augustine's reflections offer profound insight into spiritual struggle and the hope of ultimate peace through divine mercy.

Text

41. Obviously thou commandest that I should be continent from \"the lust of the flesh, and the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life.\"[348] Thou commandest me to abstain from fornication, and as for marriage itself, thou hast counseled something better than what thou dost allow. And since thou gavest it, it was done--even before I became a minister of thy sacrament. But there still exist in my memory--of which I have spoken so much--the images of such things as my habits had fixed there. These things rush into my thoughts with no power when I am awake; but in sleep they rush in not only so as to give pleasure, but even to obtain consent and what very closely resembles the deed itself. Indeed, the illusion of the image prevails to such an extent, in both my soul and my flesh, that the illusion persuades me when sleeping to what the reality cannot do when I am awake. Am I not myself at such a time, O Lord my God? And is there so much of a difference between myself awake and myself in the moment when I pass from waking to sleeping, or return from sleeping to waking? Where, then, is the power of reason which resists such suggestions when I am awake--for even if the things themselves be forced upon it I remain unmoved? Does reason cease when the eyes close? Is it put to sleep with the bodily senses? But in that case how does it come to pass that even in slumber we often resist, and with our conscious purposes in mind, continue most chastely in them, and yield no assent to such allurements? Yet there is at least this much difference: that when it happens otherwise in dreams, when we wake up, we return to peace of conscience. And it is by this difference between sleeping and waking that we discover that it was not we who did it, while we still feel sorry that in some way it was done in us. 42. Is not thy hand, O Almighty God, able to heal all the diseases of my soul and, by thy more and more abundant grace, to quench even the lascivious motions of my sleep? Thou wilt increase thy gifts in me more and more, O Lord, that my soul may follow me to thee, wrenched free from the sticky glue of lust so that it is no longer in rebellion against itself, even in dreams; that it neither commits nor consents to these debasing corruptions which come through sensual images and which result in the pollution of the flesh. For it is no great thing for the Almighty, who is \"able to do . . . more than we can ask or think,\"[349] to bring it about that no such influence--not even one so slight that a nod might restrain it--should afford gratification to the feelings of a chaste person even when sleeping. This could come to pass not only in this life but even at my present age. But what I am still in this way of wickedness I have confessed unto my good Lord, rejoicing with trembling in what thou hast given me and grieving in myself for that in which I am still imperfect. I am trusting that thou wilt perfect thy mercies in me, to the fullness of that peace which both my inner and outward being shall have with thee when death is swallowed up in victory.[350]

Sermon Outline

  1. I
    • The conflict between fleshly lusts and reason
    • The difference between waking resistance and dreaming temptation
    • The nature of consent in dreams versus waking life
  2. II
    • The power of God's hand to heal the soul
    • The hope for grace to overcome sinful inclinations
    • The desire for purity even in unconscious states
  3. III
    • Confession of ongoing imperfection
    • Trust in God's mercy and perfection
    • The ultimate hope of peace in victory over death

Key Quotes

“Am I not myself at such a time, O Lord my God? And is there so much of a difference between myself awake and myself in the moment when I pass from waking to sleeping, or return from sleeping to waking?” — St. Augustine
“It is by this difference between sleeping and waking that we discover that it was not we who did it, while we still feel sorry that in some way it was done in us.” — St. Augustine
“I am trusting that thou wilt perfect thy mercies in me, to the fullness of that peace which both my inner and outward being shall have with thee when death is swallowed up in victory.” — St. Augustine

Application Points

  • Recognize that spiritual struggles can persist even beyond conscious control and seek God's grace for healing.
  • Confess imperfections honestly while trusting in God's mercy to perfect and restore.
  • Strive for purity not only in actions but also in thoughts and desires, relying on divine strength.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why does Augustine discuss lustful dreams?
He explores the tension between conscious reason and involuntary temptations that arise in sleep, highlighting the complexity of spiritual struggle.
What role does grace play in this sermon?
Grace is presented as the divine power that can heal the soul and enable purity even in areas beyond conscious control.
Does Augustine believe sin in dreams is truly his fault?
No, he distinguishes between involuntary images in sleep and conscious consent, feeling sorrow but recognizing a difference in responsibility.
What is the ultimate hope expressed in this sermon?
The hope is for God's mercy to perfect the believer fully, culminating in peace and victory over death.
How does Augustine view reason in relation to temptation?
Reason resists temptation when awake, but its power is diminished in sleep, though it can still sometimes resist even then.

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