γέεννα [al. would accent yeévva, deriving it through the Chaldee. In Mk. ix. 45 Rec." yéeva], -ys [B. 17 (15)], ἡ, (fr. DI 5, Neh. xi. 30; more fully 037-;3 δ 52, Josh. xv. 8; xviii. 16; 2 Chr. xxviii. 3; Jer. vii. 32; 037733 73, 2K. xxiii. 10 K’thibh; Chald. Ὁ) 112, the valley of the son of lamentation, or of the sons of lamentation, the valley of lamentation, 039 being used for 07) lamentation; see Hiller, Onomasticum; ef. Hitzig [and Graf] on Jer. vii. 31; [Béttcher, De Inferis, i. p. 82 sqq.]; ace. to the com. opinion 037 is the name of a man), Gehenna, the name of a valley on the S. and E. of Jerusalem [yet apparently beginning on the W., ef. Josh. xv. 8; Pressel in Herzog s. v.], which was so called from the cries of the little children who were thrown into the fiery arms of Moloch [q.v.], i. 6. of an idol having the form of a bull. The Jews so abhorred the place after these horrible sacrifices had been abolished by king Josiah (2 K. xxiii. 10), that they cast into it not only all manner of refuse, but even the dead bodies of animals and of unburied criminals who had been executed. And since fires were always needed to consume the dead bodies, that the air might not become tainted by their putrefaction, it came to pass that the place was called γέεννα τοῦ πυρός [this common explanation of the descriptive gen. tov πυρός is found in Rabbi David Kimchi (fl. ¢. a. p. 1200) on Ps. xxvii. 13. Some suppose the gen. to refer not to purifying fires but to the fires of Molech; others regard it as the natural symbol of penalty (cf. Lev. x. 2; Num. xvi. 35; 2 K.i.; Ps. xi. 6; also Mt. iii. 11; xiii. 42; 2 Th. i. 8, etc.). See Béttcher,u.s. p. 84; Mey., (Thol.,) Wetst. on Mt. v. 22]; and then this name was transferred to that place in Hades where the wicked after death will suffer punishment: Mt. v. 22, 29 sq.; x. 28; Lk. xii. 5; Mk. ix. 43, 45; Jas. iii. 6; γέεννα τοῦ πυρός, Mt. v. 22; xviii. 9; Mk. ix.47[RGTrmrg. br.]; κρίσις τῆς γεέννης, Mt. xxiii. 33; υἱὸς τῆς γεέννης, worthy of punishment in Gehenna, Mt. xxiii. 156. Further, οἵ. Dillmann, Buch Henoch, 27, 1 sq. p. 131 sq.; [B. Ὁ. Am. ed.; Béticher, τι. s. p. 80 sqq.; Hamburger, Real-Encycl., Abth. τ. s. v. Holle; Bartlett, Life and Death eternal, App. H.].

γέεννα geenna 12x

Gehenna, pr. the valley of Hinnom, south of Jerusalem, once celebrated for the horrid worship of Moloch, and afterwards polluted with every species of filth, as well as the carcasses of animals, and dead bodies of malefactors; to consume which, in order to avert the pestilence which such a mass of corruption would occasion, constant fires were kept burning; hence, hell, the fires of Tartarus, the place of punishment in Hades, Mt. 5:22, 29, 30; 10:28; 18:9, et al.

† γέεννα (γέενα, Mk 9:45, Rec.), -ης, ἡ (perh. through Aram. גֵּיהִנָּם, from Heb. גֵּי הִנֹּם, Ne 11:30; גֵּי בֶּן־הִנֹּם, Jo 18:16; גֵּי בּנֵי־הִנֹּם, IV Ki 23:10; valley of (the son, sons of) lamentation);

[in LXX the nearest approach to γ. is γαίεννα, Jos 18:16 (Γαὶ Ὀννόμ, A), elsewhere φάραγξ Ὀνόμ (Jos 15:8, al.), V. Swete on Mk 9:43 ;]

Gehenna, a valley W. and S. of Jerusalem, which as the site of fire-worship from the time of Ahaz, was desecrated by Josiah and became a dumping-place for the offal of the city. Later, the name was used as a symbol of the place of future punishment, as in NT: Mt 5:29, 30 10:28, Mk 9:43, 45, 47, Lk 12:5, Ja 3:6; γ. τ. πυρός, Mt 5:22 18:19, prob. with ref. to fires of Moloch (DB, ii, 119b); υἱὸς γεέννης, Mt 23:15; κρίσις γεέννης, 23:33.†

γέεννα. This Hellenized form, derived from the Heb. Ὡ3 ΛΔ by dropping the 7, is one of those ‘specific Jewish ideas ”’ (Thumb εν. p. 118) which naturally we cannot illustrate from our sources. We may cite Ovac. Sz), I. 103 εἰς yeevav μαλεροῦ λάβρου πυρὸς ἀκαμάτοιο : the spelling here demanded by the metre is found in Mk 947 D, 20. # E al.

γέεννα (geenna) — hell: Gehenna. γέεννα, ης, ἡ, Hebrew gé-hinnóm, the valley of Hinnom, which represented the place of future punishment, [NT]