G1093: γῆ (gē) | SermonIndex

G1093 γῆ (gē)

Greek

Quick Definition

γῆ, γῆς, ἡ n.f. the earth, soil, land

Strong's Definition

contracted from a primary word; soil; by extension a region, or the solid part or the whole of the terrene globe (including the occupants in each application)

KJV Usage: country, earth(-ly), ground, land, world

UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament

γῆ (G1093)

noun, f. | -γῆς | ἀνάγαιον · ἐπίγειος

1.39 · Geographical Objects and Features · The Earth's Surface

earth, world the surface of the earth as the dwelling place of mankind, in contrast with the heavens above and the world below

MAT 5:5 · MAT 5:35 · MAT 6:10 · MAT 6:19 · MAT 9:6 · MAT 10:29 · MAT 12:40 · MAT 12:42 · MAT 15:35 · MAT 16:19 · MAT 16:19 · MAT 18:18 · MAT 18:18 · MAT 18:19 · MAT 23:9 · MAT 23:35 · MAT 27:51 · MAT 28:18 · MRK 2:10 · MRK 4:31 · MRK 8:6 · MRK 9:3 · MRK 9:20 · MRK 13:27 · MRK 14:35 · LUK 2:14 · LUK 4:25 · LUK 5:24 · LUK 11:31 · LUK 12:49 · LUK 12:56 · LUK 21:23 · LUK 21:25 · LUK 21:35 · JHN 3:31 · JHN 3:31 · JHN 3:31 · JHN 12:32 · JHN 17:4 · ACT 1:8 · ACT 2:19 · ACT 7:49 · ACT 8:33 · ACT 10:11 · ACT 10:12 · ACT 11:6 · ACT 13:47 · ACT 14:15 · ACT 17:24 · ACT 17:26 · ACT 22:22 · ACT 26:14 · ROM 9:28 · 1CO 8:5 · 1CO 10:26 · EPH 1:10 · EPH 3:15 · EPH 4:9 · EPH 6:3 · COL 1:16 · COL 1:20 · COL 3:2 · COL 3:5 · HEB 1:10 · HEB 8:4 · HEB 11:13 · HEB 11:38 · HEB 12:25 · HEB 12:26 · HEB 12:26 · JAS 5:5 · JAS 5:12 · JAS 5:17 · JAS 5:18 · 2PE 3:5 · 2PE 3:10 · 2PE 3:13 · REV 1:5 · REV 1:7 · REV 3:10 · REV 5:3 · REV 5:3 · REV 5:6 · REV 5:10 · REV 5:13 · REV 5:13 · REV 6:4 · REV 6:8 · REV 6:8 · REV 6:10 · REV 6:13 · REV 6:15 · REV 7:1 · REV 7:1 · REV 8:5 · REV 8:7 · REV 8:7 · REV 8:13 · REV 9:1 · REV 9:3 · REV 9:3 · REV 9:4 · REV 11:4 · REV 11:6 · REV 11:10 · REV 11:10 · REV 11:18 · REV 12:4 · REV 12:9 · REV 12:13 · REV 12:16 · REV 12:16 · REV 13:8 · REV 13:11 · REV 13:12 · REV 13:13 · REV 13:14 · REV 13:14 · REV 14:3 · REV 14:6 · REV 16:18 · REV 17:2 · REV 17:2 · REV 17:5 · REV 17:8 · REV 17:18 · REV 18:1 · REV 18:3 · REV 18:3 · REV 18:9 · REV 18:11 · REV 18:23 · REV 18:24 · REV 19:2 · REV 19:19 · REV 20:8 · REV 20:9 · REV 21:1 · REV 21:1 · REV 21:24

1.60 · Geographical Objects and Features · Land in Contrast With the Sea

land dry land, in contrast with the sea In a number of languages a clear distinction is made between terms which designate land in contrast with water and those which designate cultivated land. Even in English the normal term for land close to water is ‘shore’ or ‘coast,’ and therefore one may translate MAT 14:24 as ‘the boat was already far away from the shore.’ Similarly, in ACT 27:27 one may translate ‘we were getting close to shore.’

MAT 14:24 · MAT 14:34 · MRK 4:1 · MRK 6:47 · MRK 6:53 · LUK 5:3 · LUK 5:11 · LUK 8:27 · JHN 6:21 · JHN 21:8 · JHN 21:9 · JHN 21:11 · ACT 7:33 · ACT 27:43 · ACT 27:44 · HEB 11:29 · JAS 5:17 · JAS 5:18 · REV 7:1 · REV 7:2 · REV 7:3 · REV 10:2 · REV 10:5 · REV 10:6 · REV 10:8 · REV 12:12

2.14 · Natural Substances · Earth, Mud, Sand, Rock

soil, ground the loose top layer of earth in which plants grow, usually black, brown, or reddish in color and made of organic matter and mineral particles The meaning of γῆ[c] may be expressed in some instances as soil for planting or ground for plants.

MAT 13:5 · MAT 13:5 · MAT 13:8 · MAT 13:23 · MAT 25:18 · MAT 25:25 · MRK 4:5 · MRK 4:5 · MRK 4:8 · MRK 4:20 · MRK 4:26 · MRK 4:28 · MRK 4:31 · LUK 6:49 · LUK 8:8 · LUK 8:15 · LUK 13:7 · LUK 14:35 · LUK 22:44 · LUK 24:5 · JHN 8:6 · JHN 8:8 · JHN 12:24 · ACT 9:4 · ACT 9:8 · 1CO 15:47 · HEB 6:7 · JAS 5:7 · JAS 5:17 · JAS 5:18 · REV 14:15 · REV 14:16 · REV 14:16 · REV 14:18 · REV 14:19 · REV 14:19 · REV 16:1 · REV 16:2

1.79 · Geographical Objects and Features · Sociopolitical Areas

region, territory, land (and even district, though this might imply too precisely a governmental area) region or regions of the earth, normally in relation to some ethnic group or geographical center, but not necessarily constituting a unit of governmental administration The meanings of γῆ[d], χώρα[b], κλίμαὅριον, and μέρος[c] are not to be regarded as completely synonymous, but in certain of their NT usages they are largely overlapping in reference.

MAT 2:6 · MAT 2:20 · MAT 2:21 · MAT 4:15 · MAT 4:15 · MAT 9:26 · MAT 9:31 · MAT 27:45 · MRK 15:33 · LUK 23:44 · JHN 3:22 · ACT 7:3 · ACT 7:3 · ACT 7:4 · ACT 7:4 · ACT 7:6 · ACT 7:29 · ACT 7:36 · ACT 7:40 · ACT 13:17 · ACT 13:19 · ACT 13:19 · ACT 27:39 · HEB 8:9 · HEB 11:9 · JUD 1:5

9.22 · People · Human Beings

people, all mankind (figurative extension of meaning of γῆ[a] ‘earth,’ 1.39) all people who dwell on the earth

MAT 5:13 · MAT 10:15 · MAT 10:34 · MAT 11:24 · MAT 17:25 · MAT 24:30 · LUK 12:51 · LUK 18:8 · ACT 3:25 · ACT 4:26 · ROM 9:17 · ROM 9:28 · ROM 10:18 · REV 13:3

1.3 · Geographical Objects and Features · Universe, Creation

Collocation: ὁ οὐρανὸς καὶ ἡ γῆ

heaven and earth, universe a more or less fixed phrase: the heavens and the earth, equivalent to a single lexical item: the totality of God’s creation There may be certain complications involved in rendering ὁ οὐρανὸς καὶ ἡ γῆ as ‘heaven and earth,’ since ‘heaven’ might be interpreted in some languages as referring only to the dwelling place of God himself. The referents in this passage are ‘the sky and the earth,’ in other words, all of physical existence, but not the dwelling place of God, for the latter would not be included in what is destined to pass away.

MAT 5:18 · MAT 11:25 · MAT 24:35 · MRK 13:31 · LUK 10:21 · LUK 16:17 · LUK 21:33 · ACT 4:24 · 2PE 3:7 · REV 14:7 · REV 20:11

¹ The occurrences of γῆ[a], οἰκουμένη[a], and κόσμος[b] relate specifically to the known inhabited areas of the earth, which in the NT period included the countries bordering on the Mediterranean, the Fertile Crescent as far as the Indus Valley, and as far north in Europe as England and Scandinavia. This was the total known earth or world. Such a restriction to a known area of the earth is also true of terms used in some receptor languages, though the referents are obviously different. What is important is not the particular area of the earth, but the corresponding concept of the surface of the earth as the place of human habitation. It is possible that οἰκουμένη[a] differs slightly in meaning from γῆ[a] and κόσμος[b] in view of a somewhat greater emphasis or focus upon the civilized part of earth. ² Although in the NT γῆ does not occur as a reference to all solid substances in contrast with fire, air, and water, it does so occur in Classical and Hellenistic Greek. This generic meaning of γῆ as an element is thus not part of the lexical inventory of the NT, but γῆ[b], a designation for soil, ground, does occur. ³ The overlapping features of meaning in γῆ[d], χώρα[b], κλίμα, ὅριον, and μέρος[c] may be readily illustrated by the comparable overlapping of English terms such as region, territory, and land. For example, in the case of MAT 15:21 it would be possible to speak of the region of Tyre and Sidon, the territory of Tyre and Sidon, the land of Tyre and Sidon, and even the district of Tyre and Sidon. The English terms region, territory, land, and district do differ in certain nuances of meaning reflecting primarily supplementary components which are largely connotative.

UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament © United Bible Societies, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.

Thayer's Greek Lexicon

γῆ; gen. γῆς, 7, (contr. fr. yéa, poet. γαῖα), Sept. very often for γι and ΤΣ, earth; 1. arable land: Mt. xiii. 5, 8, 23; Mk. iv. 8, 20, 26, 28, 31; Lk. xiii. 7; xiv. 35 (34); Jn. xii. 24; Heb. vi. 7; Jas. v. 7; Rev. ix. 4; of the earthy material out of which a thing is formed, with the implied idea of frailty and weakness: ἐκ γῆς χοϊκός, 1 Co. xv. 47. 2. the ground, the earth as a standing-place, (Germ. Boden) : Mt. x. 29; xv. 35; xxiii. 85; xxvii. 51; Mk. viii. 6; ix. 20; xiv. 35; Lk. xxii. 44 [L br. WH reject the pass.]; xxiv. 5; Jn. viii. 6, 8, [i.e Rec.]; Acts ix. 4, 8. 3. the main /and, opp. to sea or water: Mk. iv. 1; vi. 47; Lk. ν. 8; viii. 27; Jn. vi. 21; xxi. 8 sq. 11; Rev. xii. 12. 4. the earth as a whole, the world (Lat. terrarum orbis); a. the earth as opp. to the heavens: Mt. v. 18, 35; vi.10; xvi.19; xviii. 18; xxiv. 35; Mk. xiii. 31; Lk. ii. 14; Jn. xii. 32; Acts ii. 19; iv. 24; 2 Pet. iii. 5,7, 10,13; Rev. xxi. 1; τὰ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς the things and beings that are on the earth, Eph. i. 10; Col. i. 16 [T WHom. L Trbr. τά]; involving a suggestion of mutability, frailty, infirmity, alike in thought and in action, Mt. vi. 19; τὰ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς (equiv. to τὰ ἐπίγεια, Phil. iii. 19) terrestrial goods, pleasures, honors, Col. iii. 2 (opp. to τὰ ἄνω) ; τὰ μέλη ὑμῶν τὰ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς the members of your earthly body, as it were the abode and instruments of corrupt desires, Col. iii. 5; ὁ ὧν ἐκ τῆς γῆς . .. λαλεῖ (in contrast with Christ as having come from heaven) he who is of earthly (human) origin, has an earthly nature, and speaks as his earthly origin and nature prompt, Jn. iii. 31. b. the inhabited earth, the abode of men and animals: Lk. xxi. 35; Actsi. 8; x. 12; xi. 6; xvii. 26; Heb. xi. 13; Rev. iii. 10; αἴρειν ἕωην τινος ΟΥ Twa ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς, Acts Vili. 33; xxi. 22; KAnpoνομεῖν τὴν γῆν (See κληρονομέω, 2), Mt. v. 5 (4); πῦρ βάλλειν ἐπὶ [ Rec. εἰς] τὴν γῆν, i. e. among men, LK. xii. 49, ef. 51 and Mt. x. 34; ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς among men, LK. xviii. 8; Jn. xvii. 4. 5. a country, land enclosed within fixed boundaries, a tract of land, territory, region; simply, when it is plain from the context what land is meant, as that of the Jews: Lk. iv. 25; xxi. 23; Ro. ix. 28; Jas. v. 17; with a gentile noun added [then, as a rule, anarthrous, W. 121 (114 sq.)]: γῆ Ἰσραήλ, Mt. ii. 20 sq.; ᾿Ιούδα, Mt. ii. 6 ; Γεννησαρέτ, Mt. xiv. 34; Mk. vi. 53; Σοδόμων x. Τομόρρων, Mt. x. 15; xi. 24; Χαλδαίων, Acts vii. 4; Αἴγυπτος, (see Αἴγυπτος) ; ἡ ᾿Ιουδαία γῆ, Jn. iii. 22; with the addition of an adj.: ἀλλοτρία, Acts vii. 6 ; ἐκείνη, Mt. ix. 26, 31; with gen. of pers. one’s country, native land, Acts vii. 3.

Mounce Concise Greek Dictionary

γῆ gē 250x

earth, soil, Mt. 13:5; Mk. 4:8, et al.; the ground, surface of the earth, Mt. 10:29; Lk. 6:49, et al.; the land, as opposed to the sea or a lake, Lk. 5:11; Jn. 21:8, 9, 11; the earth, world, Mt. 5:18, 35, et al.; by synec. the inhabitants of the earth, Mt. 5:13; 6:10; 10:34; a land, region, tract, country, territory, Mt. 2:20; 14:34;by way of eminence, the chosen land, Mt. 5:5; 24:30; 27:45; Eph. 6:3; the inhabitants of a region or country, Mt. 10:15; 11:24, et al.

Abbott-Smith Greek Lexicon

γῆ, γῆς, ἡ,

[in LXX for אֶרֶץ, אֲדָמָה, etc.;]

the earth, world: Lk 21:35, Ac 1:8, He 11:13, Re 3:10, al.; opp. to οὐρανός, Mt 5:18 11:25, Mk 13:27, al.

land; opp. to sea or water: Mk 4:1, Lk 5:3, Jo 6:21, al.;

as subject to cultivation: Mt 13:5, Mk 4:8, Lk 13:7, He 6:7, al.;

the ground: Mt 10:29, Mk 8:6, Lk 24:5, Jo 8:6, al.;

a region, country: Lk 4:25, Ro 9:28, Ja 5:17; γῆ Ἰσραήλ, Mt 2:20, 21; Χαλδαίων, Ac 7:4; ἡ Ἰουδαία γῆ, Jo 3:22; c. gen. pers., Ac 7:3.

Moulton & Milligan — Vocabulary of the Greek NT

γῆ. The rare plural forms of this word which are found in the LXX may be illustrated from the Ptolemaic papyri of 1i/B.c., e.g. BGU III. 993329 (νος 128-7) γῶν τε καὶ οἰκιῶν, P Tor I. 12° (B.c. 116) ἕνεκεν τοῦ kal τῶν γῶν μὴ μετεσχηκέναι αὐτήν, P Tebt I. 6% (B.c. 140-39) yas τε καὶ ἕτερα : see Thackeray G7. i. p. 143. In MGr, beside ἢ γῆ, we have the indeclinable ἢ γῆς, τῆς γῆς, etc. : see Thumb Handbook, p. 57. The familiar Biblical ἔπὶ γῆς appears in P Ryl 11. $78 (early iii/A.b.) 6 αὐτὸς ὁριοδείκτης ἐπέδειξα ἐπὶ γῆς (restored from 1.*), “1 the said surveyor have verified it on the spot”: the editors suggest that ἐπὶ γῆς should be read in P Thead 54% and 55%. It may be observed that γῆ in papyri is regularly ‘‘land” in small or moderate quantities, a sense never found in NT, where γῆ is always antithetic to sky or sea, or denotes a district or country, The LXX and papyri, in their use which makes a plural possible, can go back to Ionic of v/B.c.: cf. Sy// 113 yéas kal οἰκίας, 2). 154 (a century later) δημόσιοι jyéar. Of course the antithesis of Οὐρανός and Taia is older still, as is that illustrated by the formula κατὰ γῆν καὶ κατὰ θάλασσαν.

Liddell-Scott-Jones — Greek-English Lexicon

γῆ (gē) — earth: planet. γῆ, ἡ, occasionally in [Refs 8th c.BC+]: dual γαῖν [Refs 5th c.BC+]; γῶν [Refs 2nd c.BC+]:—earth (including land and sea, [Refs 7th c.BC+] opposed to heaven, or land opposed to sea, Γῆ τε καὶ Ἠέλιος καὶ Ἐρινύες [Refs 8th c.BC+]; τίς γ; [Refs 8th c.BC+]; κατὰ γῆν on land, by land, opposed to ναυσί, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to ἐκ θαλάσσης, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπὶ γῆς on earth, opposed to νέρθε, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κατὰ γῆς below the earth, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: genitive with local Adverbs, ἵνα γῆς [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ποῦ, ποῖ, ὅποι γ., [Refs 5th c.BC+]

2. earth, as an element, [Refs 6th c.BC+]

2. b γῆν καὶ ὕδωρ αἰτεῖν, as tokens of submission, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

II. land, country, καὶ γῆν καὶ πόλιν [Refs 4th c.BC+]; γῆν πρὸ γῆς ἐλαύνεσθαι, διώκειν, from land to land, [LXX+5th c.BC+]; one's native land, [Refs 7th c.BC+]; frequently omitted with article, ἐκ τῆς ἐμαυτοῦ (i.e. γῆς) δραπέτας [Refs]

II.2. frequently in Trag., city, αὐτός τε καὶ γῆ δορὶ πεσοῦσ᾽ Ἑλληνικῷ [Refs]

III. the earth or ground as tilled, ἄροτον γῆς [Refs 5th c.BC+], etc.; τὴν γῆν ἐργάζεσθαι, θεραπεύειν, till the ground, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

III.2. estate, farm, γῆν πρίασθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπὶ γῇ δανείζειν lend on mortgage, [Refs 4th c.BC+]

IV. of particular kinds of earth or minerals, e.g. fuller's earth. [Refs 5th c.BC+]

γῆ (gē) — earth: country. γῆ, ἡ, occasionally in [Refs 8th c.BC+]: dual γαῖν [Refs 5th c.BC+]; γῶν [Refs 2nd c.BC+]:—earth (including land and sea, [Refs 7th c.BC+] opposed to heaven, or land opposed to sea, Γῆ τε καὶ Ἠέλιος καὶ Ἐρινύες [Refs 8th c.BC+]; τίς γ; [Refs 8th c.BC+]; κατὰ γῆν on land, by land, opposed to ναυσί, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to ἐκ θαλάσσης, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπὶ γῆς on earth, opposed to νέρθε, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κατὰ γῆς below the earth, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: genitive with local Adverbs, ἵνα γῆς [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ποῦ, ποῖ, ὅποι γ., [Refs 5th c.BC+]

2. earth, as an element, [Refs 6th c.BC+]

2. b γῆν καὶ ὕδωρ αἰτεῖν, as tokens of submission, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

II.2. frequently in Trag., city, αὐτός τε καὶ γῆ δορὶ πεσοῦσ᾽ Ἑλληνικῷ [Refs]

III. the earth or ground as tilled, ἄροτον γῆς [Refs 5th c.BC+], etc.; τὴν γῆν ἐργάζεσθαι, θεραπεύειν, till the ground, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

III.2. estate, farm, γῆν πρίασθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπὶ γῇ δανείζειν lend on mortgage, [Refs 4th c.BC+]

IV. of particular kinds of earth or minerals, e.g. fuller's earth. [Refs 5th c.BC+]

γῆ (gē) — earth: soil. γῆ, ἡ, occasionally in [Refs 8th c.BC+]: dual γαῖν [Refs 5th c.BC+]; γῶν [Refs 2nd c.BC+]:—earth (including land and sea, [Refs 7th c.BC+] opposed to heaven, or land opposed to sea, Γῆ τε καὶ Ἠέλιος καὶ Ἐρινύες [Refs 8th c.BC+]; τίς γ; [Refs 8th c.BC+]; κατὰ γῆν on land, by land, opposed to ναυσί, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to ἐκ θαλάσσης, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπὶ γῆς on earth, opposed to νέρθε, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κατὰ γῆς below the earth, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: genitive with local Adverbs, ἵνα γῆς [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ποῦ, ποῖ, ὅποι γ., [Refs 5th c.BC+]

2. earth, as an element, [Refs 6th c.BC+]

2. b γῆν καὶ ὕδωρ αἰτεῖν, as tokens of submission, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

II.2. frequently in Trag., city, αὐτός τε καὶ γῆ δορὶ πεσοῦσ᾽ Ἑλληνικῷ [Refs]

III. the earth or ground as tilled, ἄροτον γῆς [Refs 5th c.BC+], etc.; τὴν γῆν ἐργάζεσθαι, θεραπεύειν, till the ground, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

III.2. estate, farm, γῆν πρίασθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπὶ γῇ δανείζειν lend on mortgage, [Refs 4th c.BC+]

IV. of particular kinds of earth or minerals, e.g. fuller's earth. [Refs 5th c.BC+]