G1349: δίκη (díkē)

G1349 δίκη (díkē)

Greek

Quick Definition

δίκη, ης, ἡ n.f. justice, judicial hearing, punishment

Strong's Definition

probably from 1166; right (as self-evident), i.e. justice (the principle, a decision, or its execution)

KJV Usage: judgment, punish, vengeance

UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament

δίκη (G1349)

noun, f. | -ης | δικαιόω

38.8 · Punish, Reward · Punish

to punish, to cause to suffer, punishment to punish, on the basis of what is rightly deserved

2TH 1:9 · JUD 1:7

12.27 · Supernatural Beings and Powers · Supernatural Beings

the goddess Justice (a figurative extension of meaning of δίκη ‘justice,’ not occurring in the NT) a goddess who personifies justice in seeking out and punishing the guilty The expression ‘the goddess Justice’ may be relatively meaningless if translated literally. It may therefore be necessary to say ‘the goddess that demands justice’ or ‘the goddess that makes people suffer for the evil they have done’ or ‘the goddess that punishes people because of their bad deeds.’

ACT 28:4

καταδίκη (G1349a)

noun, f. | -ης | δικαιόω

56.31 · Courts and Legal Procedures · Judge, Condemn, Acquit

to condemn, to render a verdict of guilt, condemnation to judge someone as definitely guilty and thus subject to punishment

ACT 25:15

¹ The series κατακρίνω, κατάκρισις, and κατάκριμα probably differs slightly in meaning from καταδικάζω and καταδίκη in that the first series focuses more upon the actual process of judging rather than upon the verdict, but it is not possible to determine this from existing NT contexts.

UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament © United Bible Societies, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.

Thayer's Greek Lexicon

δίκη, -ης, 7, [allied with δείκνυμι, Curtius § 14], fr. Hom. down; 1. custom, usage, [ef. Schmidt ch. 18, 4 cf.3]. 2. right, justice. 3. asuitatlaw. 4.4 judicial hearing, judicial decision, esp. a sentence of condemnation; so in Acts xxv. 15 [L T Tr WH καταδίκην]. 5. execution of the sentence, punishment, (Sap. xviii. 11; 2 Mace. viii. 11): δίκην ὑπέχειν, Jude 7; δίκην τίνειν (Soph. El. 298; Aj. 113; Eur. Or. 7), to suffer punishment, 2 Th. i. 9. 6. the goddess Justice, avenging justice: Acts xxviii. 4, as in Grk. writ. often fr. Hes. theog. 902 on; (of the avenging justice of God, personified, Sap. i. 8, ete.; ef. Grimm ad loc. and Com. on 4 Mace. p. 318, [he cites 4 Mace. iv. 13, 21}; viii. 13, 21; ix. 9; xi. 3; xii. 12; xviii. 22; Philo adv. Flacc. ὃ 18; Euseb. h. e. 2, 6, 8]).

Mounce Concise Greek Dictionary

δίκη dikē 3x

right, justice; in NT judicial punishment, vengeance, 2 Thess. 1:9; Jude 7; sentence of punishment, judgment, Acts 25:15; personified, the goddess of justice or vengeance, Nemesis, Paena, Acts 28:4

Abbott-Smith Greek Lexicon

δίκη, -ης, ἡ

[in LXX for נקם, ריב, etc. ;]

custom.

right.

a judicial hearing; hence its result, the execution of a sentence, punishment: δ. τίνειν, II Th 1:9; δ. υπεχειν, Ju 7.

Personified (cf. Lat. Justitia), justice, vengeance: Ac 28:4.†

Moulton & Milligan — Vocabulary of the Greek NT

δίκη. This word in Homer may = ‘‘ custom,” ‘‘ usage” : hence “right” as established usage, extended further to a ‘ process of law” or ‘‘judicial hearing,” e.g. P Hib I. 3074 (B.c. 300-271) ἢ δίκη σοι ἀναγραφήσετ[α]ι: ἐν [τῶι ἐν “Hpjakdéous πόλει δικαστηρίωι, “the case will be drawn up against you in the court at Heracleopolis” (Edd.), P Rein 152! (B.c. 109) ἄνευ δίκης kal κρίσεως καὶ πάσης εὑρεσιλογίας, “sans procés, contestation ni chicane d’aucune sorte” (Ed.), similarly P Lond 295 (A.p. 124) (ΞΞ 11. p. 206), P Oxy ΠῚ. 4868 (A.D. 131) τὴν μὲν μητέρα μου συνέβη ἀποθανεῖν] mpd τῆς δίκης, ‘‘ it happened that my mother died before the trial” (Eedd.), etc. rom this it isa natural transition to the result or the lawsuit, “ execution of a sentence,” “ penalty,” as P Fay 2174 (A.D. 134) ὅπ]ως τῆς ἀποθίας (= ἀπειθ.) ἐκῖνοι τὴν προσήκουσαν δίκηϊν ὑἸπύόσχωσι, ‘in order that they may pay the fitting penalty for their disobedience” : cf. 2 Thess 1°, Jude 7, Wisd 181}, 2 Macc 84%. From P Eleph 113 (B.c. 311-10) (= Se/ections, p. 3) onwards, the phrase καθάπερ ἐγ δίκης is very common = “as if a formal decree of the court had been obtained.” In partial illustration of the personification of Δίκη in Ac 284 we may quote in addition to the exx. in Wetstein and Field (oles, p. 148 f.) 5. 810 εἰ δέ τι ἑκὼν ἐξαμαρτ[ήσει). οὐκ ἐμὸν ἐπαράσίασθαι], δίκη δὲ ἐπικρέματα[ι] τιμωρὸς ἀπελθόν[τι] ἀπειθὴς Νεμέσεως. A fairly early Christian inscr. from Attica, Aaébe/ 173.7 has δίκης μετὰ λοίσθιον ipalp, of the Day of Judgement. >

Liddell-Scott-Jones — Greek-English Lexicon

δίκη (dikē) — condemnation. δίκη [ῐ], ἡ, custom, usage, αὕτη δ. ἐστὶ βροτῶν this is the way of mortals, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἡ γὰρ δ., ὁππότε.. this is always the way, when.., [Refs 2nd c.AD+]; δίκαν ἐφέπειν τινός to imitate him, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; δ. ἐπέχειν τινός to be like.., [Refs 1st c.AD+]; normal course of nature, ἐκ τουτέων ὁ θάνατος οὐ γίνεται κατά γε δίκην, οὐδ᾽ ἢν γένηται [Refs 5th c.BC+]

2. adverbial in accusative δίκην, in the way of, after the manner of, with genitive, λύκοιο [Refs 5th c.BC+]; in later Prose, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

II. order, right, μή τι δίκης ἐπιδευές nothing short of what is fit, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; opposed to σχέτλια ἔργα, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Truth, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

II.2. δίκη ἐστί, ={δίκαιόν ἐστι}, [Refs 4th c.BC+]

II.3. Adverb. usages, δίκῃ duly, rightly, [Refs 8th c.BC+] on the score of justice, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; δίχα δίκης without trial, [Refs 1st c.AD+]; πρὸ δίκης in preference to legal proceedings, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

III. judgement, δίκην ἰθύντατα εἰπεῖν give judgement most righteously (compare ἰθύς), [Refs 8th c.BC+]

IV. after [Refs 8th c.BC+], of proceedings instituted to determine legal rights, hence,

IV.1. lawsuit, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; properly private suit or action, opposed to γραφή (which see), [Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἱ δίκην ἔχοντες the parties to a suit, [Refs 1st c.AD+]

IV.2. trial of the case, πρὸ δίκης [Refs 5th c.BC+]; court by which it was tried, ἐν ὑμῖν ἐστι καὶ τῇ δίκῃ [Refs 5th c.BC+]

IV.2. b δίκην εἰπεῖν to plead a cause, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

IV.3. the object or consequence of the action, atonement, satisfaction, penalty, δίκην ἐκτίνειν, τίνειν, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: adverbially in accusative, τοῦ δίκην πάσχεις τάδ; [Refs 4th c.BC+]; frequently δίκην or δίκας διδόναι suffer punishment, i. e. make amends (but δίκας δ., in [Refs 4th c.BC+], to grant arbitration); δίκας διδόναι τινί τινος [Refs 5th c.BC+]; also ἀντί or ὑπέρ τινος, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; also δίκην διδόναι ὑπὸ θεῶν to be punished by.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; but δίκας ἤθελον δοῦναι they consented to submit to trial, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; δίκας λαμβάνειν sometimes ={δ. διδόναι}, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; more frequently its correlative, inflict punishment, take vengeance, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; so δίκην ἔχειν to have one's punishment, [Refs 5th c.BC+] have satisfaction, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; δίκας or δίκην ὑπέχειν stand trial, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; θανάτου δίκην ὀφλεῖν ὑπό τινος to incur the death penalty, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; δίκην φεύγειν try to escape it, be the defendant in the trial (opposed to διώκειν prosecute), [Refs 4th c.BC+]; δίκας αἰτέειν demand satisfaction, τινός for a thing, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τινός for a thing, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; δίκας ἑλεῖν, see at {ἔρημος} 11; δίκην τείσασθαι, see at {τίνω} 11; δὸς δὲ δίκην καὶ δέξο παρὰ Ζηνί [Refs]; δίκας διδόναι καὶ λαμβάνειν παρ᾽ ἀλλήλων, of communities, submit causes to trial, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; δίκας δοῦναι καὶ δέξασθαι submit differences to a peaceful settlement, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

V. [Refs 4th c.BC+] name for three, [Refs 1st c.AD+]; for five, [Refs]diś-, diśā 'direction', 'quarter of the heavens'.)