G2229 ἦ (ē)

εἰ 109 εἰ WH, s0 Trin Mt. xii. 41; Ὀζείας L T Tr WH; Πειλᾶτος T WH; Σεμεείν T Tr WH; Ταβειθά WH; Χερουβείν 1, T Tr WH (-βίμ RG); Χοραζείν T Tr WH; ἀφείδεια L; εἰδέα T Tr WH; ἐπαρχεία T WH; ἐπιπόθεια WH; ἡλεί T ; πανοικεί TWH; ῥαββεί T WH; ῥαββουνεί WH; σαβαχθανεί Tr WH; ταλειθά WH; τάχειον WH; τραπεζείτης T WH.| el, is first a conditional particle, ἐγ (Lat. si) ; secondly, an interrogative particle, whether, (Lat. an, num, ne). I. εἰ CoNDITIONAL (on the difference between it and ἐάν, see ἐάν, I. 1 b.) is connected, according to the variety of conditions, with various tenses and moods; viz. ἘΣ with the Indicative of all tenses, when anything is simply and generally assumed to be, or to be done, or to have been done, or to be about to be, (W. § 41 b., 2; ef. 42, 2; [Β. 220(190)]). a. withthe Ind. Present; a. foll. in the apodosis by the ind. pres.: Mt. xix. 10 (εἰ οὕτως ἐστὶν ἡ αἰτία... οὐ συμφέρει γαμῆσαι) ; xi. 14; Ro. vii. 16, 20; viii. 25; xiv.15; 1 Co.ix.17; Gal. ii. 18; v.18; Heb. xii. 8; Jas. ii. 8 sq., etc. B. foll. by an Imperative in the apodosis, — either the pres., as [Mt. xix. 17 L Tr txt. WH txt.]; Mk. iv. 23; vii. 16 RG L; Jn.xv.18; Acts xiii. 15; xxv. 5; 1 Co. vii. 12, 15; Jas. ili. 14, ete.; or the aor., as Mt. v. 29, 30; viii. 31; xix. 17 [RG T Trmre. Wil mrg.]; Mk. ix. 22 [cf. B. 55 (48) ]; Uk. xxii. 67 (66) ; 1 Co. vii. 9. y. foll. by the Future in the apodosis: Lk. xvi. 31; Acts v. 39 LT Tr ΝΗ; xix. 39; Ro. viii. 11, 13; 2Co. xi. 30, ete. δ. foll. by the Perfect or the Aorist in the apodosis, where it is declared that, if this or that is, something else has or has not occurred: Mt. xii. 26, 28; Lk. xi. 20; 1 Co. xv. 16; Gal. ii. 21; Ro. iv. 14; 2 Pet. ii. 20. ε- foll. by the Imperfect, either with or without ἄν, where in the protasis something is simply assumed to be, but the apodosis shows that what has been assumed cannot be the case. Three passages falling under this head have a doubtful or disputed text: εἰ ἔχετε (T Tr WH, for the RG Letyere) .. . ἐλέγετε ἄν etc. Lk. xvii. 65 ef... μνημοvevovow (T Tr, for R GL WH ἐμνημόνευον) . . . εἶχον ἄν, Heb. xi. 15 (where by the pres. tense the writer refers to the language of the Jewish Fathers as at present recorded in the sacred Seriptures; cf. τοιαῦτα λέγοντες vs. 14); εἰ τέκνα τοῦ ᾽Αβρ. ἐστε (G LT Tr WH, for R ἦτε) . . ἐποιεῖτε ({ WH txt. mou.) R Ladd ἄν), Jn. viii. 39; cf. Btim. in Stud. u. Krit. for 1858 p. 474 sqq. ΓΝ, T. Gram. § 139, 26; but cf. Mey. on [.Κ.]. 6.1. But 2 Οο. χὶ. 4 εἰ... κηρύσσει... ἀνείχεσθε GT Tr WH mrg. (ἀνέχεσθε 1, WH txt.) must not be referred to this head; here Paul in the protasis supposes something which actually occurred, in the apodosis censures a thing which actually occurred viz. the readiness with which his readers gave ear continually (this is indicated by the impf.) to false teachers. On the difficulty of the passage οἵ. Holsten in the Zeitschr. f. wissensch. Theol. for 1874,p. 1 sqq.; [ef. also B. 226 (195) ; but W. 306 (287) and Mey. ad loc.]. {. with a question as the apodosis: Mt. vi. 23; Jn. v. 47; vii. 23; vili. 46; 1 Pet. ii. 20. Ὁ. with the Ind. Future: Mt. xxvi. 33; Jas. ii. 11 RG; 1 Pet.ii. 20. c. with the Ind. Perfect: Jn.xi.12; Actsxvi.15; Ro. vi. 5; xi. 6 (where after εἰ supply λεῖμμα γέγονεν fr. what precedes), 2 Co. ii. 5; v.16; vii.14. d. with the Ind. A orist,—foll. by the Pres. in the apodosis, Lk. xix. 8; Ro. iv. 2; xv. 27; foll. by a question in the apodosis, Lk. xvi. 11, 12; Jn. xviii. 23; 1Co.iv. 7; ix.11; foll. by the Aor. in the apodosis, Rey. xx. 15; by the Impv. in the apodosis, Jn. xviii. 23 ; xx. 15; Ro. xi. 17 sq.; 1 Tim. v. 9, 10; Philem. 18; by the Fut. in the apodosis, Jn. xiii. 32; xv. 20; Heb. xii. 25 (where supply οὐκ ἐκφευξόμεθα in the apodosis). 2. Not infrequently, when a conclusion is drawn from something that is quite certain, εἰ with the Indic. is used argumentatively so as to be equiv. in sense to ἐπεί, (cf. the use of Germ. wenn) [cf. W. 448 (418) ]: Mt. xii. 28; Lk. xxiii. 31; Jn. vii.4; Ro. v.17; vi. 5; vili.31; xi. 6, 12; Col. ii. 20; iii. 1, ete. 3. When it is said what would have been, or what would be now or in the future, if something else were or had been, εἰ is used with the Impf., Plpf., and Aor. ind.; in the apodosis it is followed in direct disc. by ἄν with the impf. or the plpf. or the aor. ; sometimes ay is omitted, (on the causes of the omission, see B. § 139, 27) ; sometimes the apodosis is made a question, [cf. W. 304 (285) sq.]. a. εἰ with the Impf., foll. in the apodosis by ἄν with the impf.: Mt. xxiii. 30; Lk. Vii. 39 (εἰ οὗτος ἦν προφήτης, ἐγίνωσκεν ἄν if thisman were a prophet, he would know); Jn. v. 46; viii. 42; ix. 41; xv. 19; 1 Co. xi. 31; Gal. i. 10; Heb. viii. 4, 7 (if... were etc. there would not be sought ete. viz. in the O. T. passage quoted vs. 8); by a question in the apodosis: 1 Co. xii. 19; Heb. vii. 11; by ἄν with the aor., where the Latin uses the plupf. subjune.: Jn. xi. 32 (εἰ ἧς ὧδε if thou hadst been here, οὐκ ἂν ἀπέθανέ μου ὁ ἀδελφός my brother would not have died [when he did (cf. below) ; B. § 139, 25 regards the impf. in prot. as expressing duration]); Jn. iv. 10; xviii. 30 (εἰ μὴ ἦν οὗτος κακοποιός, οὐκ ἄν σοι παρεδώκαμεν αὐτόν, we would not have delivered him to thee); Acts xviii. 14; by ἄν with the plupf.: Jn. xi. 21 (εἰ ἧς ὧδε... οὐκ ἂν ἐτεθνήκει. would not have died {and be now dead; ef. W. 304 (285) and see above; but Ι, Τ Tr txt. WH read the aor. here also]}); 1 Jn. ii. 19. b. εἰ with the Plpf., foll. in the apodosis by ἄν with the plpf. or the aor., in the sense of the Latin plpf. subj. : Mt. xii. 7 (εἰ ἐγνώκειτε if ye had understood i.e. if ye knew, οὐκ ἂν κατεδικάσατε τοὺς ἀναιτίους ye would not have condemned the guiltless) ; Mt. xxiv. 43 and Lk. xii. 39, (εἰ #de if he had perceived i. e. if he knew, ἐγρηγόρησεν ἄν he would have watched, se. before the thief had approached [Tr txt. WH om. ἄν in Lk. 1. ¢.]) ; Jn. iv. 10; viii. 19; xiv. 7[RGL]. ο. with the Aor. in the same sense as the Lat. plpf. subjune. : εἰ ἐδόθη νόμος . . . ὄντως ἂν ἐκ νόμου ἦν ἡ δικαιοσύνη if a law had been given, righteousness would in truth come from the law, Gal. iii. 21; εἰ αὐτοὺς ᾿Ιησοῦς κατέπαυσεν if Joshua had given them rest, οὐκ ἂν περὶ ἄλλης ἐλάλει he would not be speaking, sc. in the passage quoted, Heb. iv. 8; apodosis without ἄν, Jn. xv. 22, see av I. 3 p. 33 sq. 4. As in classic Greek, εἰ with the Ind. is often joined to verbs expressing wonder, surprise, or other strong emotion (where ὅτι might have been expected), when the thing spoken of is either not quite certain, or, although certain, yet in accordance with the well-known Greek urbanity is repre-

ἦ (μήν), v.s. εἰ, iii, 7.

ΕἸ , J ἐκπλησσω γὰρ τὸ ἀγαθὸν τοῦ ἀστέρος καὶ εἰς τὸ ἐναντίον ἐκπίπτει. See also Michel 827 A (mid. 11,8.0.) τό τε νόμισμα τὸ ἐκπεπτωκὸς ἀριθμῶι, of coins that have fallen out of use. The verb is not infrequent with reference to crops that “fall to be included”’ in the produce of a particular year, eg. BGU II. 5915" (A.p. 56-7) βουλόμεθα μισθώσασθαι τοὺς ἐκπεπτωκότας εἰς τὸ τρίτον ἔτος Νέρωνος. . . φοινεικίνους καρπούς, P Fay ο115 (A.p. 99) ἐϊλαϊκοὺς καρποὺς ἐκπεππτωκότας (/. ἐκπεπτωκ --Ἰ εἰς τὸ ἐνεστὸ(ς) τρίτον ἔτος. Cf. P Hib I. γ810 (B.c. 244--3) a letter requesting that two persons should be released from some public service—81a τὸ μὴ ἐκπεσίεῖν αὐτοῖς τὸ viv λειτουργῆσαι, ‘because it is not at present their turn to serve,’’ where the editors point out that éxmec[et]v, which has been corrected in the papyrus, is practically equivalent to προσπέσηι in 1.4 of the same document. For the compd. ὑπερεκπίπτω, see P Thead ro!” (A.D. 307) ὑπὲρ τ]οῦ ὑπερεκπίπτ[οντ]ο[ς] χρόνου, ‘“* pour le temps supplementaire’’ (Ed.).

ἦ (ē) — surely. ἦ, adverb, never in the form ἦε (ἠέ):

I. TO CONFIRM an assertion, in truth, of a surety, ἦ ὀλίγον οἷ παῖδα ἐοικότα γείνατο Τυδεύς [Refs 8th c.BC+]; with concessive force, it is true that.. : hence, although.. , ἦ καὶ γένει ὕστερος ἦεν [Refs]: frequently strengthened by the addition of one or two other Particles, as ἦ ἄρα [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἦ μήν and ἦ μέν (see. below); ἦ νυ [Refs 8th c.BC+] used in oaths and asseverations, [Refs 8th c.BC+]: with infinitive in indirect speech, after Verbs of swearing, etc., σὺ δὲ σύνθεο, καί μοι ὄμοσσον, ἦ μέν μοι πρόφρων ἔπεσιν καὶ χερσὶν ἀρήξειν [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἦ μέν also in Ionic dialect historical Prose, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐγγυητὰς καταστῆσαι ἦ μὴν ἐκτείσειν Legal cited in [Refs 4th c.BC+]: with other Particles, ἦ μὲν δή [Refs 8th c.BC+]

I.2. in the combinations ἐπεὶ ἦ, ὅτι ἢ and τί ; [Refs 2nd c.AD+] (παραπληρωματικὸς σύνδεσμος) perispomenon after ἐπεί, barytone after ὅτι or τί. It is probably the same as the affirmative ἦ [Refs 2nd c.AD+], and occurs in the same combinations, ἐπεὶ ἦ πολύ.. [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐπεὶ ἦ μάλα[Refs 8th c.BC+] as one word, and this can be supported by τί ἢ δὲ σύ.. [Refs 8th c.BC+] was two words. The Attic accentuation is said by [Refs]

I.3. this ἦ (or ἢ) is probably to be recognized in ὥς τε γὰρ ἦ [Refs 8th c.BC+]

II. in Questions not involving alternatives:

II.1. Direct questions,

II.1. a epexegetic of a preceding question, suggesting the answer to it, τίπτ᾽ εἰλήλουθα; ἦ ἵνα ὕβριν ἴδῃ Ἀγαμέμνονο; why hast thou come? is it that thou mayst see.. ? [Refs 8th c.BC+]; τί δῆτα χρῄζει; ἦ με γῆς ἔξω βαλεῖ; [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τίς σοι διηγεῖτ; ἦ αὐτὸς Σωκράτη; [Refs 5th c.BC+]

II.1. b not epexegetic of a preceding question, ἦ σύ γ᾽ Ὀδυσσεύς ἐσσι πολύτροπο; art thou the wily Odysseus? [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἦ οὐκ ὀτρύνοντος ἀκούετε.. Ἕκτορο; do you not hear.[Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἦ τὸ πλοῖον ἀφῖκτα; [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἦ οὐ δοκεῖ καὶ σοὶ οὕτ; don't you think so too? [Refs]; ἦ τορῶς λέγ; [Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἦ κἀν δόμοισι τυγχάνει τανῦν παρώ; [Refs 8th c.BC+]; also in Trag. (in Lyric poetry), [Refs 5th c.BC+]: especially to mark the first of several questions, [Refs 5th c.BC+] ff.; ἦ ἄρα δή..; [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἦ ταῦτα δή..; [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἦ ταῦτα δῆτα..; [Refs]; ἦ γάρ..; [Refs 5th c.BC+]; standing alone, is it not so? [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἦ καί..; [Refs 4th c.BC+] —ἦ usually begins the sentence, except that the vocative may precede, as in [Refs 8th c.BC+] —by Crasis ἦ combines with ἄρα in _Attic dialect_ and the κοινή to ἆρα (which see), in all other dialects [Refs 7th c.BC+]

II.2. Indirect questions, οἴχετο πευσόμενος μετὰ σὸν κλέος ἤ που ἔτ᾽ εἴης [Refs 8th c.BC+], which alone has Ms. authority in [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀλλ᾽ ἄγε μοι τόδε εἰπὲ.. ἢ καὶ Λαέρτῃ αὐτὴν ὁδὸν ἄγγελος ἔλθ; [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀμφίστασθαι ἦ κα πεφυτεύκωντι πάντα κὰτ τὰν συνθήκαν they shall investigate whether.. [Refs 8th c.BC+] __A ἦ, for ἔφη, 3rd.pers. singular imperfect or aorist 2 of ἠμί (which see). ἦ, for ἦν, Attic dialect contraction from Ionic ἔα, imperfect of εἰμί (sum).