ἡγεμών, ἡγεμόνος, ὁ (ἡγέομαι), in classical Greek a word of very various signification: a leader of any kind, a guide, ruler, prefect, president, chief, general, commander, sovereign; in the N. T. specifically: 1. "a 'legatus Caesaris,' an officer administering a province in the name and with the authority of the Roman emperor; the governor of a province": Mat_10:18; Mar_13:9; Luk_21:12; 1Pe_2:14. 2. a procurator (Vulg.praeses; Luth.Landpfleger), an officer who was attached to a proconsul or a propraetor and had charge of the imperial revenues; in causes relating to these revenues he administered justice, (called ἐπίτροπος, διοικητής, in secular authors). In the smaller provinces also, which were so to speak appendages of the greater, he discharged the functions of governor of the province; and such was the relation of the procurator of Judaea to the proconsul of Syria (cf. Krebs, Observations, p. 61ff; Fischer, De vitiis lexamples etc., p. 432ff; Winers RWB under the word Procuratoren; Sieffert in Herzog 2 under the word Landpfleger; Krenkel in Schenkel 4:7; (BB. DD. under the word )); so of Pilate, Felix, Festus: Mat_27:2; Mat_27:11; Mat_27:14 f, (R G L Tr marginal reading), ; ; Luk_20:20; Act_23:24; Act_23:26; Act_23:33; Act_24:1; Act_24:10; Act_26:30; Πιλᾶτος ὁ τῆς Ἰουδαίας ἡγεμών, Josephus, Antiquities 18, 3, 1; (Tacitus, ann. 15, 44 Christus Tiberio imperitante per procuratorem Pontium Pilatum supplicio adfectus erat). 3. first, leading, chief: so of a principal town as the capital of the region, Mat_2:6, where the meaning is, 'Thou art by no means least among the chief cities of Judah;' others less aptly (Bleek also ((where?); in his (posthumous) Synoptative Erklärung etc. 1:119 he repudiates this interpretation (ascribed by him to Hofmann, Weiss. u. Erfüll. 2:56))), 'Thou shalt by no means be regarded as least among i. e. by the princes, the nobles, of the state.' The saying is taken from Mic_5:2 (1), where the Hebrew αΐΜΰΗμΐτΕι (which the Sept. give correctly, ἐν χιλιασι) seems to have been read αΐΜΰΗμΛΜτΕι by the Evangelist (cf. Edersheim, Jesus the Messiah, i. 206).

ἡγεμών hēgemōn 20x a guide; a leader; a chieftain, prince, Mat_2:6 ; a Roman provincial governor, under whatever title, Mat_10:18 ; Mat_27:2 ; Luk_20:20 ; Act_23:24 governor; leader; ruler.

ἡγερών , -όνος , ὁ (ἡγέομαι ), [in LXX for H441 , H8269 , etc.;] 1. a leader, guide. 2. a commander . 3. a governor of a province (pro\-consul, proprietor, legate, or procurator; but cf. ἀνθύπατος ): Mat_10:18 , Mar_13:9 , Luk_21:12 , 1Pe_2:14 ; of the Procurator of Judζa, Mat_27:2 ; Mat_27:11 ; Mat_27:14-15 ; Mat_27:21 ; Mat_27:27 ; Mat_28:14 , Luk_20:20 , Act_23:24 ; Act_23:26 ; Act_23:33 ; Act_24:1 ; Act_24:10 ; Act_26:30 . 4. For Heb . ΰΗμΐτΕι ( LXX , χίλιαι ) misread ΰΗμΜΛτΕι , leaders : Mat_2:6 (OT).†

ἡγεμών [page 277] The breadth of this word and its derivatives, which in a single verse ( Luk_3:1 ) can be applied to the Emperor and to the chargι d affaires of a tiny district like Judaea, is well seen in the papyri. Thus in P Lille I. 4 .17 (B.C. 218 7) the editor notes that it means officier en gιnιral, et plus particuliθrement, dans certains cas, officier d infanterie. He compares P Rev L xxxvii. 3 , where Dr. Grenfell points out that the hegemones are thus subordinate to the strategi; nevertheless the Romans chose this title as an equivalent for the praefectus. See also the notes on P Tor I. 1 i. 15 (B.C. 117 6) and on OGIS 69 .3 , and the Index to OGIS , where four different connotations are distinguished. The word is used in a general sense of the captain of a chosen band of youths in P Amh II. 39 .1 (B.C. 103) (= Witkowski .2 , p. 106) Πόρτεις ἡ [γ ]εμὼν τῶν ἐν προχειρισμῶι . For its common use with reference to the prefect of Egypt it is sufficient to cite BGU IV. 1079 .30 (A.D. 41) (= Selections , p. 40), where according to Wilcken s reading ( Chrest , I. p. 85 ) ἠ (= εἰ ) δύναται διὰ Διοδώρου ὑπογραφῆναι ἡ τάβλα διὰ τῆς γυναικὸς τοῦ ἡγεμόνος , the last clause may be an Alexandrian witticism implying backdoor influence. In the iv/A.D. letter P Grenf I. 53 .16 ὁ ἡγεμὼν δὲ τὰς ἀπονοίας ταχὺ ταπεινοῖ , and .19 ὁ ἡγεμὼν οὐ θέλει οἰκοφθέρους , Crφnert ( Stud. Pal. i. p. 84 f.) thinks that the reference is to God; but for this usage Wilcken ( Chrest. I. p. 158 ) can find no support, and understands the word in its ordinary sense of praeses.

ἡγεμών "one who leads", Lat. dux: and so, in Od. , "a guide" to shew the way, so Hdt. , etc.; ἡγ. γενέσθαι τινὶ τῆς ὁδοῦ id=Hdt. "one who is an authority" to others, Lat. dux, auctor, τοῖς νεωτέροις ἡγ. ἠθῶν γίγνεσθαι Plat. ; ἡγεμόνα εἶναί τινος to be the cause of a thing, Xen. , etc. in Il. , "a leader, commander, chief", ἡγεμόνες Δαναῶν, φυλάκων, Il. , etc.; ἔχοντες ἡγεμόνας τῶν πάνυ στρατηγῶν having some of the best generals as "commanders", Thuc. : "a chief, sovereign", Pind. , Soph. , etc. = Rom. "Emperor", Plut. : also "a provincial governor", NTest.

ἡγεμών, -όνος, ὁ (ἡγέομαι) [in LXX for אַלּוּף, שַׂר, etc. ;] __1. a leader, guide. __2. a commander. __3. a governor of a province (pro­consul, proprietor, legate, or procurator; but cf. ἀνθύπατος): Mat.10:18, Mrk.13:9, Luk.21:12, 1Pe.2:14; of the Procurator of Judæa, Mat.27:2, 11 27:14-15, 21 27:27 28:14, Luk.20:20, Act.23:24, 26 23:33 24:1, 10 26:30. __4. For Heb. אַלְפֵי (LXX, χίλιαι) misread אַלֻּפֵי, leaders: Mat.2:6 (OT).† (AS)