κοινωνέω, κοινώνω; 1 aorist ἐκοινώνησα; perfect κεκοινώνηκα; (κοινωνός); a. to come into communion or fellowship, to become a sharer, be made a partner: as in Greek writings with the genitive of the thing, Heb_2:14 ((so Pro_1:11; 2Ma_14:25)); with the dative of the thing (rarely so in Greek writings), Rom_15:27; (1Pe_4:13). b. to enter into fellowship, join oneself as an associate, make oneself a sharer or partner: as in Greek writings, with the dative of the thing, 1Ti_5:22; 2Jn_1:11; ταῖς χεῖρας τίνος, so to make another's necessities one's own as to relieve them (A. V. communicating to the necessities etc.), Rom_12:13; with the dative of person followed by εἰς τί (as in Plato, rep. 5, p. 453 a.), Php_4:15; followed by ἐν with the dative of the thing which one shares with another, Gal_6:6 (κοινωνησεις ἐν πᾶσι τῷ πλησίον σου καί οὐκ ἐρεῖς ἰδίᾳ εἶναι, Epistle of Barnabas 19, 8 [ET]); cf. Winers Grammar, § 30, 8a.; (Buttmann, § 132, 8; Lightfoot or Ellicott on Gal_1:1-24. c. Compare: συγκοινωνέω.)

κοινωνέω koinōneō 8x to have in common, share, Heb_2:14 ; to be associated in, to become a sharer in, Rom_15:27 ; 1Pe_4:13 ; to become implicated in, be a party to, 1Ti_5:22 ; 2Jn_1:11 ; to associate one s self with by sympathy and assistance, to communicate with in the way of aid and relief, Rom_12:13 ; Gal_6:6 ; Php_4:15 * participate in; share.

κοινωνέω , -ῶ , [in LXX : 2Ch_20:35 , Job_34:8 , Ecc_9:4 ( H2266 ), Pro_1:11 , Wis_6:23 , Sir_13:1 , al. ;] to have a share of, go shares in (something) with (some one), take part in: c . gen . rei (as usually in cl ., so Pr, l.c .), Heb_2:14 ; c . dat . rei , Rom_12:13 ; Rom_15:27 , 1Ti_5:22 , 1Pe_4:13 , 2Jn_1:11 ; c. dat. pers ., seq . εἰς , Php_4:15 ; ἐν , Gal_6:6 ( cf. συν -κοινωνέω ).†

κοινωνέω [page 350] Ellicott s contention ( ad 1Co_10:17 ) that the difference sometimes drawn between κοινωνέω (partake with others in one undivided thing) and μετέχω (share with those who also have their shares) in 1Co_10:16 ff. cannot be substantiated is borne out by the evidence of the inscrr. where the words are practically synonymous : cf. Magn 33 .23 (iii/B.C.) τοὺς κοινωνήσοντας τῆς θυσίας with ib. 44 .17 ff. (end iii/B.C.) μετέχειν τᾶς τε θυσίας καὶ τοῦ ἀγῶνος , καὶ ἀποστέλλειν θιαρούς , . . . τοὺς κοινωνησοῦντας τᾶς τε θυσίας καὶ τῶν λοιπῶν τιμίων παρ᾽ αὐτοῖς (cf. Thieme, p. 29f.). See also the proclamation by a Prefect, P Oxy XII. 1408 .25 f. (A.D. 210 14), where reference is made to the different methods of sheltering robbers οἱ μὲν γὰρ κοινων̣[οῦντες τῶν ἀδικη ]μάτων ὑποδέχονται , οἱ δὲ οὐ μετέχοντες μὲν κα [ . . , some do so because they are partners in their misdeeds, others without sharing in these yet . . . (Edd.). This last ex. bears out Ellicott s further remark that of the two verbs κοινωνέω implies more distinctly the idea of a community with others : cf. Brooke ad 1Jn_1:3 : κοινωνεῖν is always used of active participation, where the result depends on the co-operation of the receiver as well as on the action of the giver. The editors of the Commagenian Inscriptions (in Humann and Puchstein s Reisen in Klinasien und Nordsyrien , Texiband p. 371) note the resemblance between a religious inscr. of King Antiochus I. (mid. i/B.C.) πᾶσιν ὅσοι φύσεως κοινωνοῦντες ἀνθρω [πί ]νης and 2Pe_1:4 ἵνα . . γένησθε θείας κοινωνοὶ φύσεως : see Deissmann BS , p. 368 n .2 . Cf. also the phrase τ [οὶ τῶ ]ν ἱερῶν κοινωνεῦντες with reference to the hereditary priesthood of Heracles in Cos ( Syll 734 .7 al. ) : Dittenberger s Index ( Syll III. p. 347) gives several exx. of the verb with temples, rites, or mysteries as the object. For the constr. with dat. of person, as in Php_4:15 , cf. BGU III. 969 i. 13 (A.D. 142 ?) ἀπηλλάγησαν μὲν οὖν οἱ ἀντίδικοι τῆς κτηνοτροφία [ς ] ἧς ἐκοινώνουν τῷ τετελευτηκότι , P Flor I. 36 .6 (iv/A.D.) ἑτέρᾳ γυναικὶ κοινωνήσαν [το ]ς , and the touching inscr. which a doctor puts up to his wife (who had herself studied medicine), Cagnat IV. 507 b .19 ὡ [ς ζωιῆ ]ς μον [αχῇ ] σοι ἐκοινώνησα , as with you alone I shared my life.

κοινωνέω κοινωνέω, [Etym: κοινωνός] "to have or do in common with, have a share of or take part in" a thing "with" another, τινός τινι Xen. κ. τινός "to have a share of or take part in" a thing, Trag. , Xen. κ. τινι "to have dealings with or intercourse", Ar. , Plat. rarely c. acc. rei, κ. φόνον τινι "to commit" murder "in common with" him, Eur. absol. "to share in an opinion, to agree", Plat. :— "to form a community", Arist.

κοινωνέω, -ῶ [in LXX: 2Ch.20:35, Job.34:8, Ecc.9:4 (חָבַר), Pro.1:11, Wis.6:23, Sir.13:1, al. ;] to have a share of, go shares in (something) with (some one), take part in: with genitive of thing(s) (as usually in cl., so Pr, l.with), Heb.2:14; with dative of thing(s), Rom.12:13 15:27, 1Ti.5:22, 1Pe.4:13, 2Jn.11; with dative of person(s), before εἰς, Php.4:15; ἐν, Gal.6:6 (cf. συν-κοινωνέω).† (AS)