G2872: κοπιάω (kopiáō)

G2872 κοπιάω (kopiáō)

Greek 📖 Word Study

Quick Definition

κοπιάω v. I grow weary, toil

Strong's Definition

from a derivative of 2873; to feel fatigue; by implication, to work hard

KJV Usage: (bestow) labour, toil, be wearied

UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament

κοπιάω (G2872)

verb | κόπτω

42.47 · Perform, Do · Work, Toil

hard work, toil, to work hard, to toil, to labor to engage in hard work, implying difficulties and trouble

MAT 6:28 · LUK 5:5 · LUK 12:27 · JHN 4:38 · JHN 4:38 · ACT 20:35 · ROM 16:6 · ROM 16:12 · ROM 16:12 · 1CO 4:12 · 1CO 15:10 · 1CO 16:16 · GAL 4:11 · EPH 4:28 · PHP 2:16 · COL 1:29 · 1TH 5:12 · 1TI 4:10 · 1TI 5:17 · 2TI 2:6

23.78 · Physiological Processes and States · Tire, Rest

to be tired, to be weary to be tired or weary, as the result of hard or difficult endeavor It is also possible to interpret κοπιάω in MAT 11:28 as κοπιάω[a] ‘to work hard’ (see 42.47).

MAT 11:28 · JHN 4:6

25.289 · Attitudes and Emotions · Discouragement

to give up, to lose heart (a figurative extension of meaning of κοπιάω[b] ‘to be tired,’ 23.78) to become emotionally fatigued and discouraged

REV 2:3

UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament © United Bible Societies, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.

Thayer's Greek Lexicon

κοπιάω, -@, [3 pers. plur. κοπιοῦσιν (for -ὥσιν), Mt. vi. 28 Tr; cf. ἐρωτάω, init.]; 1 aor. ἐκοπίασα; pf. κεκοπίακα (2 pers. sing. κεκοπίακες, Rev. ii. 3 LT Tr WH, ef. [W. § 13, 2¢.]; B. 43 (38) [and his trans. of Apollon. Dysk. p. 54n.; Tdf. Proleg. p. 123; WH. App. p. 166; Soph. Lex. p- 397); (κόπος, 4- V-) 3 1. as in Arstph., Joseph., Plut., al., ta grow weary, tired, exhausted, (with toil or burdens or grief): Mt. xi. 28; Rev. ii. 3; κεκοπιακὼς ἐκ τῆς ὁδοιπορίας, Jn. iv. 6 (ὑπὸ τῆς ὁδοιπορίας, Joseph. antt. 2,15, 3; δραμοῦνται καὶ οὐ κοπιάσουσι, Is. xl. 31). 2 in bibl. Grk. alone, to labor with wearisome effort, to toil (Sept. for 33°); of bodily labor: absol., Mt. vi. 28; Lk. ν. 5; xii. 27 [not Tdf.]; Jn. iv. 38; Acts xx. 35; 1 Co. iv.12; Eph. iv. 28; 2 Tim. ii. 6 [ef. W.556 (517) ; B. 390 (334)]; τί, upon a thing, Jn. iv. 38. of the toilsome efforts of teachers in proclaiming and promoting the kingdom of God and Christ: 1 Co. xv. 10; xvi. 16, (ef. Jn. iv. 38); foll. by ἐν w. dat. of the thing in which one labors, ἐν λόγῳ x. διδασκαλίᾳ, 1 Tim. v.17; ἐν ὑμῖν, among you, 1 Th. v.12; ἐν κυρίῳ (see ἐν, I. 6 Β. p. 211» mid. [I br. the el.]), Ro. xvi. 12; εἴς τινα, for one, for his benefit, Ro. xvi. 6; Gal. iv. 11 [ef. B. 242 (209); W. 503 (469)]; εἰς τοῦτο, looking to this (viz. that piety has the promise of life), 1 Tim. iv. 10; εἰς 6, to which end, Col. i. 29; εἰς κενόν, in vain, Phil. ii. 16 (κενῶς ἐκοπίασα, of the frustrated labor of the prophets, Is. xlix. 4).

Mounce Concise Greek Dictionary

κοπιάω kopiaō 23x

to be wearied or spent with labor, faint from weariness, Mt. 11:28; Jn. 4:6; in NT to labor hard, to toil, Lk. 5:5; Jn. 4:38

Abbott-Smith Greek Lexicon

κοπιάω, -ῶ

(< κόπος), [in LXX chiefly for יגע;]

(as in cl.) to grow weary: Mt 11:28, Jo 4:6, Re 2:3 (cf. Is 40:31).

Hence, in LXX and NT, to work with effort, to toil: absol., Mt 6:28, Lk 5:5 12:27, Jo 4:38, Ac 20:35, I Co 4:12, Eph 4:28, II Ti 2:6; c. acc. rei, Jo 4:38; freq. in Paul. Epp., of ministerial labour: I Co 15:10 16:16; seq. ἐν, Ro 16:12, I Th 5:12 (v. M, Th., in l.), I Ti 5:17; εἰς, Ro 16:6, Ga 4:11, Phl 2:16, Col 1:29, I Ti 4:10.†

Moulton & Milligan — Vocabulary of the Greek NT

κοπιάω. The special Biblical sense of this verb, ‘‘ work hard,”’ ‘toil,’’ may perhaps be seen in Vett. Val. p. 266% ἱλαροὺς περὶ Tas πράξεις Kal μεθ᾽ ἡδονῆς κοπιῶντας. Lightfoot on Ignat. ad Polyc, vi. thinks that the notion of “ toilsome training” for an athletic contest underlies the word, and cites Phil 216, Col 12°, 1 Tim 419, in illustration ; but it should be noted that the word can also be used without any such metaphorical reference, as in LXX 2 Kings (Sam) 17%, Isai 494, Sir 5127: see also Field Moves, p. 7. An uncommon usage is found in P Leid XV-% (iii/iv A.D.), where in a recipe for making silver the direction occurs—kal ἔμβαλε τὴν πίσσαν τὴν ξηράν, ἕως κοπιάσῃ, ‘et inicito picem siccam, donec saturatum sit” (Ed.). For the form κεκοπίακες in Rev 2% see W Schm Gy. p. 113, ἰδ κόπος 9 κόπος. For the phrase κόπους παρέχειν τινί, which occurs four times in the NT (also once with sing. κόπον) = ‘‘to give trouble to one,” see P Tebt I. 211°(8.c. 115) ἐὰν δέ σοι κόπους παρέχηι συνανάβαινε αὐτῷ, “if he gives you trouble, go up with him ”’ (Edd.), BGU IIT. 84.413 (A.p. 83) κόπους yap μο[ι] παρέχει ἀσθενοῦντει. For the word, which survives in MGr, see also P Amh IT. 133" (early ii/A.D.) μετὰ πολλῶν κόπων ἀνηκάσαμεν αὐτῶν ἀντασχέσθαι (/. ἠναγκάσαμεν αὐτοὺς ἀντισχέσθαι) τῆς τούτων ἐνεργίας ἐπὶ τῷ προτέρῳ ἐκφορίου (/.-(w), ‘“‘with great difficulty I made them set to work at the former rent” (Edd.), P Oxy XII. 14825 (ii/A.D.) οὐ οὕτως αὐτὴν λελικμήκαμεν μετὰ κόπου “γα never had so much trouble in winnowing it (sc. barley) ”’ (Edd.).

Liddell-Scott-Jones — Greek-English Lexicon

κοπιάω (kopiaō) — to labor. κοπ-ιάω, future -άσω [ᾱ]: aorist ἐκοπίᾱσα [Refs 4th c.BC+]: perfect κεκοπίᾱκα [NT]: (κόπος):—to be tired, grow weary, [LXX+5th c.BC+], Men.[same place]; κ. ὑπὸ ἀγαθῶν to be weary of good things, [NT+5th c.BC+]: with participle, κ. ὀρχούμενοι [Refs 5th c.BC+]aorist participle κοπιάσας, defunctus laboribus, [Refs]:—middle in active sense, [Refs 4th c.BC+]

II. work hard, toil, [NT+2nd c.AD+]: with infinitive, strive, struggle, μὴ κοπία ζητεῖν [Refs]

III. ={κοπάζω}, come to rest: arrive at a state of saturation, [Refs 3rd c.AD+]