G4087: πικραίνω (pikraínō)

G4087 πικραίνω (pikraínō)

Greek 📖 Word Study

Quick Definition

πικραίνω v. I embitter

Strong's Definition

from 4089; to embitter (literally or figuratively)

KJV Usage: be (make) bitter

UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament

πικραίνω (G4087) — πικραίνομαι

verb | fut. πικρανῶ · aor.pass. ἐπικράνθην | παραπικραίνω · παραπικρασμός · πικρία · πικρός · πικρῶς

79.42 · Features of Objects · Sweet, Bitter, Tasteless

to make bitter to cause something to become bitter

REV 8:11 · REV 10:9 · REV 10:10

88.202 · (πικραίνομαι) · Moral and Ethical Qualities and Related Behavior · Hate, Hateful

to be embittered, to have bitter hate (derivative of πικρία[b] ‘bitterness,’ 88.201) to have bitter resentment or hatred toward someone else

COL 3:19

UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament © United Bible Societies, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.

Thayer's Greek Lexicon

πικραίνω: fut. πικρανῶ ; Pass., pres. πικραίνομαι ; 1 aor. émixpavOnv; (πικρός, q- V-) 5 1. prop. to make bitter: τὰ ὕδατα, pass., Rev. viii. 11; τὴν κοιλίαν, to produce a bitter taste in the stomach (Vulg. amarico), Rev. x 9 sq. 2. trop. to embitter, exasperate, i.e. render angry, indignant ; pass. to be embittered, irritated, (Plat., Dem.,al.) : πρός teva, Col. iii. 19 (Athen. 6 p. 242 ο.; ἐπί τινα, Ex. xvi. 20; Jer. xliv. (xxxvii.) 15; 1 Esdr. iv. 31; [ἔν τινι, Ruth i. 20]); contextually i. q. to visit with bitterness, to grieve, (deal bitterly with), Job xxvii. 2; 1 Mace. iii. 1. [Come.: παρα-πικραίνω.]

Mounce Concise Greek Dictionary

πικραίνω pikrainō 4x

to embitter, render bitter, Rev. 10:9; pass. to be embittered, be made bitter, Rev. 8:11; 10:10; met. pass. to be embittered, to grow angry, harsh, Col. 3:19*

Abbott-Smith Greek Lexicon

πικραίνω

(< πικρός), [in LXX for מרר, קצף, etc.;]

to make bitter: Re 10:9; pass., Re 8:11 10:10; metaph., to embitter (LXX): pass., seq. πρός, Col 3:19.†

Moulton & Milligan — Vocabulary of the Greek NT

πικραίνω. With the pass. ‘‘am embittered’’ in Col 31", cf. the compd. in P Lille I. 7:9 (iii/B.c.) προσπικρανθείς μοι.

Liddell-Scott-Jones — Greek-English Lexicon

πικραίνω (pikrainō) — to embitter. πικρ-αίνω, make sharp or keen, especially to the taste, π. τὴν κοιλίαν make it bitter, [NT]:— passive, τὸ στόμα πικραίνεται [Refs 5th c.BC+]

2. metaphorically, embitter, irritate, τὴν ψυχήν [LXX]; τὴν ἀκοήν affect it harshly, opposed to γλυκαίνω, [Refs 1st c.BC+]; make harsh, νόμους conjecture in [Refs 4th c.BC+]:—passive, to be exasperated, embittered, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ ζωγράφος πονεῖ τι καὶ π. vexes himself, [LXX+4th c.BC+]; ἔν τισι[LXX]; also ἐπικράνθη μοι it grieved me, [Refs]

3. of style, make harsh or rugged, διάλεκτον [Refs 1st c.BC+]