πραιτώριον, πραιτωριου, τό, a Latin word,praetorium (neuter of the adjectivepraetorius used substantively); the word denotes 1. 'headquarters' in a Roman camp, the tent of the commander-in-chief. 2. the palace in which the governor or procurator of a province resided, to which use the Romans were accustomed to appropriate the palaces already existing, and formerly dwelt in by the kings or princes (at Syracuse illa domus praetoria, quae regis Hieronis fuit, Cicero, Verr. 2:5, 12, 30); at Jerusalem it was that magnificent palace which Herod the Great had built for himself, and which the Roman procurators seem to have occupied whenever they came from Caesarea to Jerusalem to transact public business: Mat_27:27; Mar_15:16; Joh_18:28; Joh_18:33; Joh_19:9; cf. Philo, leg. ad Gaium, § 38; Josephus, b. j. 2, 14, 8; also the one at Caesarea, Act_23:35. Cf. Keim, iii, p. 359f. (English translation, vi., p. 79; B. D. under the word ). 3. the camp of praetorian soldiers established by Tiberius (Suetonius 37): Php_1:13. Cf. Winers RWB, under the word Richthaus; (Lightfoots Commentary on Philippians, pp. 99ff) rejects, as destitute of evidence, the various attempts to give a local sense to the word in Philippians, the passage cited, and vindicates the meaning praetorian guard (so R. V.)).

πραιτώριον praitōrion 8x when used in reference to a camp, the tent of the general or commander-in-chief; hence, in reference to a province, the palace in which the governor of the province resided, Mat_27:27 ; Mar_15:16 ; Act_23:35 ; the camp occupied by the praetorian cohorts at Rome, the praetorian camp, or, the Roman emperor s palace, Php_1:13 palace.

*† πραιτώριον , -ου , τό , (Lat. prζtorium), 1. headquarters in a Roman camp, 2. The palace or official residence of the Governor of a province: Mat_27:27 , Mar_15:16 ( v. Swete , in l ), Joh_18:28 ; Joh_18:33 ; Joh_19:9 ; τ . Papyri τ . Ἡρώδου , Act_23:35 . 3. the Prζtorian Guard: Php_1:13 ( v. Lft ., in l ; ICC , 51 f .).†

πραιτώριον [page 532] ( a ) Apart from Php_1:13 (see ( b )) πραιτώριον is always used in the NT to denote the palace or official residence of a Governor; cf. Mar_15:16 , Act_23:35 . For this usage exx. can be freely supplied from our sources, e.g. BGU I. 288 .14 (A.D. 138 161) κ [α ]θημέν̣ω̣ν̣ ἐν συμβουλίῳ ἐν τῷ πραι [τωρίῳ τοῦ κρατίστου ἡγ ]εμόνος , P Oxy III. 471 .110 (ii/A.D.) where an official Maximus is charged with keeping a youth all day ἐν τῶι [πραι ]τ̣ω̣ρ̣ι̣ω̣ι , BGU I. 21 i. 16 (A.D. 340) ὑπατείας Σεπτιμίου Ἀκινδύνου τοῦ λαμπροτάτ (ου ) ἐπάρχου τοῦ ἱεροῦ πραιτωρίου , similarly P Oxy IX. 1190 .16 (A.D. 347), ib. VIII. 1116 .2 (A.D. 363), and from the inscrr. Syll 932 (= .3 880) .63 (A.D. 202) παραλα [νβ ]ά [νι ]ν τὰ πραιτώρια καὶ τὰ βαλανεῖα πανταχόθεν ὁλόκληρα . It may also be of interest to recall that an inscr. found in York and printed in IGSI 2548 begins θεοῖς τοῖς τοῦ ἡγεμονικοῦ πραιτωρίου Σκριβ (ώνιος ) Δη [μ ]ήτριος . ( b ) In Php_1:13 the word has been frequently understood of the praetorian barracks or camp, but, as Lightfoot Philippians .8 pp. 97 102 has pointed out, clear instances of this sense are wanting, and, further, such an interpretation would be out of keeping with the words that follow (ἐν ὅλῳ τῷ πραιτωρίῳ καὶ τοῖς λοιποῖς πᾶσιν ). He prefers accordingly to give the word a personal application, and to think of the imperial or praetorian guards, the cohortes praetoriae : cf. Tac. Hist. iv. 46 militiam et stipendia orant . . . igitur in praetorium accepti, Suet. Nero 9 ascriptis veteranis e praetorio, and from the inscrr. Mission Archιol. de Macιdoine P. 325, No. 130 Τι . Κλαύδιον οὐετρανὸν στρατευσάμενον ἐν πραιτωρίῳ , a veteran, who served in the Guards : cf. p. 326, No. 131. With this Ramsay ( Teaching , p. 363 f. ) now agrees in preference to his former view ( Paul , p. 357), when following Mommsen ( Berl. Sitzungsberichte , 1895, p. 498 n. 1 : cf. Hermes xxxv. (1900), p. 437 f.) be understood the reference to be to the whole body of persons connected with the sitting in judgment, the law-officers of the Crown. It should, however, be noted that, if the Epistle is to be referred to an Ephesian rather than a Roman captivity of the Apostle, as is now frequently the case, the view advocated above would require modification.

πραιτώριον πρα^ιτώριον, ου, τό, = Lat. Praetorium, the residence of the Governor, Government-house, NTest. :—at Rome, the "Castra Praetoriana", id=NTest.

πραιτώριον, -ου, τό (Lat. prætorium) __1. headquarters in a Roman camp, __2. The palace or official residence of the Governor of a province: Mat.27:27, Mrk.15:16 (see Swete, in l), Jhn.18:28, 33 19:9; τ. π. τ. Ἡρώδου, Act.23:35. __3. the Prætorian Guard: Php.1:13 (see Lft., in l; ICC, 51 f.).† (AS)