Quick Definition
στενάζω v. I groan
Strong's Definition
from 4728; to make (intransitively, be) in straits, i.e. (by implication) to sigh, murmur, pray inaudibly
KJV Usage: with grief, groan, grudge, sigh
UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament
verb | ἀναστενάζω · στεναγμός · στενός · στενοχωρέομαι · στενοχωρία · συστενάζω
25.143 · Attitudes and Emotions · Laugh, Cry, Groan
to groan, to sigh, groan, sigh to groan or sigh as the result of deep concern or stress To groan or to sigh may be the result of quite different circumstances, and in a number of languages a clear distinction must be made in any term for groaning or sighing, depending upon the reason or basis for such an expression of emotion. In MRK 7:34 the sigh or groan would seem to be an expression of sympathy for the deaf-mute, but in MRK 7:34 the groans would be caused by severe misery and oppression.
33.384 · Communication · Complain
to complain strongly (a figurative extension of meaning of στενάζω[a] ‘to groan, to sigh,’ 25.143) to complain in an intensive and excessive manner It may even be possible to retain something of the figurative meaning of στενάζω in JAS 5:9 by translating ‘do not complain with moaning’ or ‘do not moan and complain against.’
UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament © United Bible Societies, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.
Thayer's Greek Lexicon
στενάζω; 1 aor. ἐστέναξα; (στένω, akin is Germ. stihnen [ef. sten-torian; Vaniéek p. 1141; Fick Pt. i. 249]); to sigh, to groan: 2 Co. v. 2, 4, [ef. W. 353 (331)]; Heb. xiii. 17; ἐν ἑαυτοῖς, within ourselves, i. 6. in our souls, inwardly, Ro. viii. 23; to pray sighing, Mk. vii. 34; κατά twos, Jas. v. 9 [here R. V. murmur]. (Sept.; Trage., Dem., Plut., al.) [Comp.: dva-, cv(v)- στενάζω. Syn. cf. κλαίω, fin.]
Mounce Concise Greek Dictionary
στενάζω stenazō 6x
to groan, sigh, Rom. 8:23; 2 Cor. 5:2, 4; Heb. 13:17; to sigh inwardly, Mk. 7:34; to give vent to querulous or censorious feelings, Jas. 5:9*
Abbott-Smith Greek Lexicon
στενάζω
[in LXX for אנח ni., אנק, etc. ;]
to groan ("the word denotes feeling which is internal and unexpressed," Mayor, Ja., 162): Mk 7:34, II Co 5:2, 4, He 13:17, Ja 5:9 (EV, murmur); ἐν ἑαυτοῖς, Ro 8:23 (cf. ἀνα-, συ(ν)-στενάζω).†
SYN.: v.s. κλαίω
Moulton & Milligan — Vocabulary of the Greek NT
στενάζω, ‘Soroan”; Mk 784, Jas 55 (‘‘the word denotes feeling which is internal and unexpressed,” Mayor ad 4). Cf. Preitsighe 213415 (time of the Antonines) ‘Hpal80s θανούσης, ἔπιτα στενάξας συριγμῷ ἀνταπόδος. OTEVOS. For the literal sense ‘‘ narrow,” cf. P Lond 1164 (e)!! (A.D. 212) (= III. p. 160) ῥύμη στένή : a ῥύμη δημοσία has been mentioned just before. See also Aristeas 118 διὰ τὸ στενὰς εἶναι τὰς παρόϑους, ‘because the passes were narrow.” The metaph. use, as in Mt 713, Lk 1324, may be illustrated from an amnesty decree of the Emperor Caracalla of July 11th, 212, where to avoid a too ‘‘ narrow ’’ interpretation of a previous decree that all may return to their own homes (els τὰς πατρίδας τὰς ἰδίας), it is emphasized that in reality all restrictions as to place of dwelling are abrogated, P Giss I. 40%. ΤῊ ἵνα μή τις στενότερον παρερμηνεύσῃ τὴν χάριτά μου ἐκ τῶν ῥημάτων το[ῦ] προτέρου διατάγματος κτλ. In the introduction the editor contrasts with στενότερον παρερμηνεύσῃ the φιλανθρωπότερ[ ο]ν ἑρμηνεύω of an Epistle of Hadrian, BGU I. 140!%f.. A similar use of the adv. occurs in P Vat A! (B.c. 168) (= UPZ i. p. 303) οὐ yap πάντως Set στενῶς ἐπανάγοντά σε προσμένειν ἕως Tov πορίσαι τι kal κατενεγκεῖν, where Wilcken renders στενῶς ἐπανάγοντά oe, ‘wenn es dir schmal geht ’’: see his note for other renderings. For the subst. στένωσις see the Christian P Gen I. 145 (Byz.) διὰ τὴν πολλήν pov otévwor[y, and cf. P Flor III. 29674 (vi/A.D.), P Oxy XVI. 18691! (vi/vii A.D.) τοῦ βράδους τὸ αἴτιον τῇ στενώσει TOY πραγμάτων ἀνεθέμ[ην, “1 attributed the cause of the delay to the difficulty of the affairs.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — Greek-English Lexicon
στενάζω (stenazō) — to groan. στενάζω, [Refs 4th c.BC+]: future -άξω[Refs 5th c.BC+]: aorist ἐστέναξα [Refs 4th c.BC+]:—passive, perfect ἐστέναγμαι [Refs 3rd c.BC+] —properly _frequentative verb_ of στένω, sigh deeply: generally, sigh, groan, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἴκοις in the house, [Refs]; frequently with a neuter adjective, οἰκτρόν, δεινὸν σ., [Refs]; μέγα σ. [Refs 4th c.BC+]; τί ἐστέναξας τοῦτ; why utteredst thou this moan? [Refs 5th c.BC+]; πηλίκον τί ποτ᾽ ἂν στενάξεια; [Refs 4th c.BC+]
2. transitive, bemoan, bewail, πότμον [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τινα [Refs 5th c.BC+]