1 Chronicles 18:9
1 Chronicles 18:9 in Multiple Translations
When King Tou of Hamath heard that David had defeated the entire army of Hadadezer king of Zobah,
¶ Now when Tou king of Hamath heard how David had smitten all the host of Hadarezer king of Zobah;
And when Tou king of Hamath heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadarezer king of Zobah,
Now when Tou, king of Hamath, had news that David had overcome all the army of Hadadezer, king of Zobah,
When Tou, king of Hamath, learned that David had destroyed the entire army of Hadadezer, king of Zobah,
Then Tou King of Hamath heard howe Dauid had smitten all the hoste of Hadarezer King of Zobah:
And Tou king of Hamath heareth that David hath smitten the whole force of Hadarezer king of Zobah,
When Tou king of Hamath heard that David had struck all the army of Hadadezer king of Zobah,
Now when Tou king of Hamath heard how David had smitten all the host of Hadarezer king of Zobah;
Now when Thou king of Hemath heard that David had defeated all the army of Adarezer king of Soba,
When Tou, the king of Hamath city in Syria, heard that David’s army had defeated the entire army of King Hadadezer,
Berean Amplified Bible — 1 Chronicles 18:9
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
1 Chronicles 18:9 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וַ/יִּשְׁמַ֕ע
תֹּ֖עוּ
מֶ֣לֶךְ
חֲמָ֑ת
כִּ֚י
הִכָּ֣ה
דָוִ֔יד
אֶת
כָּל
חֵ֖יל
הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר
מֶֽלֶךְ
צוֹבָֽה
וַ/יִּשְׁמַ֕ע
shâmaʻ
H8085
to hear
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
תֹּ֖עוּ
Tôʻûw
H8583
Toi
N-proper
מֶ֣לֶךְ
melek
H4428
King's
N-ms
חֲמָ֑ת
Chămâth
H2574
Hamath
N-proper
כִּ֚י
kîy
H3588
for
Conj
הִכָּ֣ה
nâkâh
H5221
to smite
V-Hiphil-Perf-3ms
דָוִ֔יד
Dâvid
H1732
David
N-proper
אֶת
ʼêth
H853
Obj.
DirObjM
כָּל
kôl
H3605
all
N-ms
חֵ֖יל
chêyl
H2426
rampart
N-ms
הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר
Hădadʻezer
H1909
Hadadezer
N-proper
מֶֽלֶךְ
melek
H4428
King's
N-ms
צוֹבָֽה
Tsôwbâʼ
H6678
Zobah
N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — 1 Chronicles 18:9
וַ/יִּשְׁמַ֕ע
shâmaʻ
H8085
"to hear"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
To hear and listen is what this Hebrew word means, often implying attention and obedience. In Exodus and Deuteronomy, it is used when God speaks to the people, and they must listen and obey.
Definition: : hear v 1) to hear, listen to, obey 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to hear (perceive by ear) 1a2) to hear of or concerning 1a3) to hear (have power to hear) 1a4) to hear with attention or interest, listen to 1a5) to understand (language) 1a6) to hear (of judicial cases) 1a7) to listen, give heed 1a7a) to consent, agree 1a7b) to grant request 1a8) to listen to, yield to 1a9) to obey, be obedient 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be heard (of voice or sound) 1b2) to be heard of 1b3) to be regarded, be obeyed 1c) (Piel) to cause to hear, call to hear, summon 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to cause to hear, tell, proclaim, utter a sound 1d2) to sound aloud (musical term) 1d3) to make proclamation, summon 1d4) to cause to be heard n m 2) sound
Usage: Occurs in 1072 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] attentively, call (gather) together, [idiom] carefully, [idiom] certainly, consent, consider, be content, declare, [idiom] diligently, discern, give ear, (cause to, let, make to) hear(-ken, tell), [idiom] indeed, listen, make (a) noise, (be) obedient, obey, perceive, (make a) proclaim(-ation), publish, regard, report, shew (forth), (make a) sound, [idiom] surely, tell, understand, whosoever (heareth), witness. See also: Genesis 3:8; Exodus 32:18; Deuteronomy 27:9.
תֹּ֖עוּ
Tôʻûw
H8583
"Toi"
N-proper
Toi was a Syrian king who lived during the time of King David, and is mentioned in 2 Samuel and 1 Chronicles. His name means 'wander'.
Definition: A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.8.9; father of: Joram (H3141); also called Tou at 1Ch.18.9,10; § Toi or Tou = "wander" king of Hamath in the time of David
Usage: Occurs in 4 OT verses. KJV: Toi, Tou. See also: 2 Samuel 8:9; 1 Chronicles 18:9; 1 Chronicles 18:10.
מֶ֣לֶךְ
melek
H4428
"King's"
N-ms
This word refers to a king or royal person, like King David or King Saul. It can also describe something related to a king, like the King's Valley in Genesis. The Bible often uses this word to talk about the rulers of Israel.
Definition: King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)
Usage: Occurs in 1919 OT verses. KJV: king, royal. See also: Genesis 14:1; Joshua 10:39; 1 Samuel 16:1.
חֲמָ֑ת
Chămâth
H2574
"Hamath"
N-proper
Hamath is an ancient city in Syria, mentioned in 2 Kings as a key location. It was a major city in the region, known for its fortress.
Definition: § Hamath = "fortress" the principle city of upper Syria in the valley of the Orontes
Usage: Occurs in 33 OT verses. KJV: Hamath, Hemath. See also: Numbers 13:21; 1 Chronicles 18:9; Isaiah 10:9.
כִּ֚י
kîy
H3588
"for"
Conj
A conjunction used to show cause or connection, as in Genesis 2:23 where Adam says the woman is bone of his bone because she was taken out of him. It is often translated as 'for', 'because', or 'since'.
Definition: 1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since 1a) that 1a1) yea, indeed 1b) when (of time) 1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force) 1c) because, since (causal connection) 1d) but (after negative) 1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if 1f) but rather, but 1g) except that 1h) only, nevertheless 1i) surely 1j) that is 1k) but if 1l) for though 1m) forasmuch as, for therefore
Usage: Occurs in 3910 OT verses. KJV: and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch, where-) as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else, even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, + nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then, therefore, + (al-) though, + till, truly, + until, when, whether, while, whom, yea, yet. See also: Genesis 1:4; Genesis 26:16; Genesis 42:15.
הִכָּ֣ה
nâkâh
H5221
"to smite"
V-Hiphil-Perf-3ms
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to strike or hit something, and it's used in many different ways, like in Exodus when God strikes down the Egyptians. It can also mean to punish or destroy, as seen in Isaiah. The word is used to describe God's judgment.
Definition: 1) to strike, smite, hit, beat, slay, kill 1a)(Niphal) to be stricken or smitten 1b) (Pual) to be stricken or smitten 1c) (Hiphil) 1c1) to smite, strike, beat, scourge, clap, applaud, give a thrust 1c2) to smite, kill, slay (man or beast) 1c3) to smite, attack, attack and destroy, conquer, subjugate, ravage 1c4) to smite, chastise, send judgment upon, punish, destroy 1d) (Hophal) to be smitten 1d1) to receive a blow 1d2) to be wounded 1d3) to be beaten 1d4) to be (fatally) smitten, be killed, be slain 1d5) to be attacked and captured 1d6) to be smitten (with disease) 1d7) to be blighted (of plants)
Usage: Occurs in 461 OT verses. KJV: beat, cast forth, clap, give (wounds), [idiom] go forward, [idiom] indeed, kill, make (slaughter), murderer, punish, slaughter, slay(-er, -ing), smite(-r, -ing), strike, be stricken, (give) stripes, [idiom] surely, wound. See also: Genesis 4:15; Joshua 10:20; 1 Samuel 29:5.
דָוִ֔יד
Dâvid
H1732
"David"
N-proper
David was the youngest son of Jesse and a king of Judah, first mentioned in Ruth 4:17, and an ancestor of Jesus.
Definition: A king of the tribe of Judah living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at Rut.4.17; son of: Jesse (H3448) and Nahash (H5176I); brother of: Eliab (H0446I), Abinadab (H0041I), Shimeah (H8093), Zeruiah (H6870), Abigail (H0026H)(?), Nethanel (H5417H), Raddai (H7288), Ozem (H0684) and Elihu (H0453J); married to Michal (H4324), Abigail (H0026), Ahinoam (H0293H), Maacah (H4601I), Haggith (H2294), Abital (H0037), Eglah (H5698) and Bathsheba (H1339); father of: Amnon (H0550), Chileab (H3609), Absalom (H0053), Adonijah (H0138), Shephatiah (H8203), Ithream (H3507), Shammua (H8051H), Shobab (H7727), Nathan (H5416), Solomon (H8010), Ibhar (H2984), Elishua (H0474), Nepheg (H5298H), Japhia (H3309I), Elishama (H0476H), Eliada (H0450), Eliphelet (H0467), Tamar (H8559H), Elpelet (H0467I), Nogah (H5052) and Jerimoth (H3406N) Also named: Daueid, Dauid, Dabid (Δαυείδ, Δαυίδ, Δαβίδ "David" G1138) § David = "beloved" youngest son of Jesse and second king of Israel
Usage: Occurs in 912 OT verses. KJV: David. See also: Ruth 4:17; 1 Samuel 20:41; 1 Samuel 27:9.
אֶת
ʼêth
H853
"Obj."
DirObjM
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Definition: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
Usage: Occurs in 6782 OT verses. KJV: (as such unrepresented in English). See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 10:8; Genesis 19:21.
כָּל
kôl
H3605
"all"
N-ms
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Definition: 1) all, the whole 1a) all, the whole of 1b) any, each, every, anything 1c) totality, everything Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
Usage: Occurs in 4242 OT verses. KJV: (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever). See also: Genesis 1:21; Genesis 17:10; Genesis 41:40.
חֵ֖יל
chêyl
H2426
"rampart"
N-ms
This word refers to a strong wall or fortress that protects a city or a group of people. It is used in the Bible to talk about armies, walls, and other kinds of strong defenses, and is translated as 'army', 'rampart', or 'wall'.
Definition: 1) rampart, fortress, wall 1a) rampart 1b) fortress Also means: che.lah (חֵילָה "bulwark" H2430)
Usage: Occurs in 19 OT verses. KJV: army, bulwark, host, [phrase] poor, rampart, trench, wall. See also: 2 Samuel 8:9; 2 Chronicles 26:13; Psalms 10:10.
הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר
Hădadʻezer
H1909
"Hadadezer"
N-proper
Hadadezer was a Syrian king who ruled over Zobah, and his name means Hadad is help. He was defeated by David's army, as recorded in 2 Samuel 8:3, and was the son of Rehob.
Definition: A man of Zobah living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.8.3; son of: Rehob (H7340I) § Hadadezer = "Hadad is help" son of Rehob, a king of Syria-Zobah defeated by David's army
Usage: Occurs in 18 OT verses. KJV: Hadadezer. Compare H1928 (הֲדַרְעֶזֶר). See also: 2 Samuel 8:3; 1 Kings 11:23; 1 Chronicles 19:19.
מֶֽלֶךְ
melek
H4428
"King's"
N-ms
This word refers to a king or royal person, like King David or King Saul. It can also describe something related to a king, like the King's Valley in Genesis. The Bible often uses this word to talk about the rulers of Israel.
Definition: King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)
Usage: Occurs in 1919 OT verses. KJV: king, royal. See also: Genesis 14:1; Joshua 10:39; 1 Samuel 16:1.
צוֹבָֽה
Tsôwbâʼ
H6678
"Zobah"
N-proper
Zobah was a region in Syria, mentioned in 1 Samuel 14:47, where King Saul fought battles. It was a separate kingdom during the times of Saul, David, and Solomon.
Definition: Zoba or Zobah = "station" the name of a portion of Syria which formed a separate kingdom in the times of Saul, David, and Solomon; located northeast of Damascus Another name of tso.va (צוֹבָא "Zobah" H6678G)
Usage: Occurs in 12 OT verses. KJV: Zoba, Zobah. See also: 1 Samuel 14:47; 2 Samuel 23:36; 1 Chronicles 19:6.
Study Notes — 1 Chronicles 18:9
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- 1 Chronicles 18:9 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on 1 Chronicles 18:9
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Chronicles 18:9
- Ellicott's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 18:9
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 18:9
- Cambridge Bible on 1 Chronicles 18:9
Context — David’s Triumphs
7And David took the gold shields that belonged to the officers of Hadadezer and brought them to Jerusalem.
8And from Tibhath and Cun, cities of Hadadezer, David took a large amount of bronze, with which Solomon made the bronze Sea, the pillars, and various bronze articles.
9When King Tou of Hamath heard that David had defeated the entire army of Hadadezer king of Zobah,
10he sent his son Hadoram to greet King David and bless him for fighting and defeating Hadadezer, who had been at war with Tou. Hadoram brought all kinds of articles of gold and silver and bronze, 11and King David dedicated these to the LORD, along with the silver and gold he had carried off from all these nations—from Edom and Moab, and from the Ammonites, Philistines, and Amalekites.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 Samuel 8:9 | When King Toi of Hamath heard that David had defeated the entire army of Hadadezer, |
1 Chronicles 18:9 Summary
This verse tells us that when King Tou of Hamath heard about David's big win over Hadadezer, he decided to send his son to congratulate David and bring him some nice gifts, as a sign of friendship and appreciation. This shows that David was respected and admired by other kings, and that he was able to form alliances and peaceful relationships with them, which is an important part of being a good leader, as seen in Proverbs 24:3-4. It also reminds us that being grateful and showing appreciation to others can go a long way in building strong relationships, as encouraged in 1 Thessalonians 5:18 and Ephesians 5:20. By studying this verse, we can learn more about the importance of kindness, gratitude, and peaceful relationships in our own lives, as taught in the Bible.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who was King Tou of Hamath?
King Tou of Hamath was a king who heard about David's victory over Hadadezer, as mentioned in 1 Chronicles 18:9, and responded by sending his son to greet and bless David, indicating a desire for peace and alliance with the king of Israel, similar to the alliances formed in 1 Kings 5:1 and 1 Kings 5:12.
Why did King Tou send his son Hadoram to David?
King Tou sent his son Hadoram to David to greet him and bless him for defeating Hadadezer, who had been at war with Tou, as a sign of gratitude and to establish a peaceful relationship, reflecting the wisdom of forming alliances and treating others with kindness as seen in Proverbs 24:3-4 and Proverbs 27:19.
What was the significance of Hadoram bringing articles of gold, silver, and bronze?
The articles brought by Hadoram were likely gifts to establish a friendly relationship and to show appreciation for David's victory over their common enemy, similar to the gifts exchanged between kings in 1 Kings 9:14 and 2 Chronicles 9:24, symbolizing peace and mutual respect.
How does this event relate to the broader context of David's reign?
This event in 1 Chronicles 18:9 is part of a series of victories and diplomatic engagements that characterized David's reign, as seen in 1 Chronicles 18-20, demonstrating his military prowess and ability to form alliances, which was a key aspect of his leadership and a reflection of God's blessing on his life, as promised in 2 Samuel 7:9-11 and Psalm 89:20-29.
Reflection Questions
- What does this verse reveal about the reputation and influence of King David among the nations?
- How does the response of King Tou of Hamath reflect the human desire for peace and safety, and what can we learn from this in our own relationships and conflicts?
- In what ways can we, like King David, be a blessing to others through our actions and relationships, and how can we seek to establish peaceful and respectful relationships with those around us, as encouraged in Matthew 5:9 and Romans 12:18?
- What role does gratitude and appreciation play in building strong and healthy relationships, as seen in King Tou's response to David's victory, and how can we cultivate these qualities in our own lives, as taught in 1 Thessalonians 5:18 and Ephesians 5:20?
Gill's Exposition on 1 Chronicles 18:9
See Gill "1 Chronicles 18:1".
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Chronicles 18:9
Now when Tou king of Hamath heard how David had smitten all the host of Hadarezer king of Zobah; Tou - or Toi whose dominions border on those of Hadarezer (see the notes at 2 Samuel 8:9-12; 1 Kings
Ellicott's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 18:9
(9, 10) The King of Hamath’s embassy to David.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 18:9
Verse 9. Tou king of Hamath] Called Toi in 2 Samuel 8:9.
Cambridge Bible on 1 Chronicles 18:9
9. Tou] In 2 Samuel 8:9 “Toi” (so Heb., but LXX. “Tou”).