2 Samuel 8:9
2 Samuel 8:9 in Multiple Translations
When King Toi of Hamath heard that David had defeated the entire army of Hadadezer,
¶ When Toi king of Hamath heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadadezer,
And when Toi king of Hamath heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadadezer,
And when Tou, king of Hamath, had news that David had overcome all the army of Hadadezer,
When Tou, king of Hamath, learned that David had destroyed the entire army of Hadadezer, king of Zobah,
Then Toi king of Hamath heard howe Dauid had smitten all the hoste of Hadadezer,
And Toi king of Hamath heareth that David hath smitten all the force of Hadadezer,
When Toi king of Hamath heard that David had struck all the army of Hadadezer,
When Toi king of Hamath heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadadezer,
And Thou the king of Emath heard that David had defeated all the forces of Adarezer.
When Toi, the king of the Hamath city in Syria, heard that David’s army had defeated the entire army of King Hadadezer,
Berean Amplified Bible — 2 Samuel 8:9
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
2 Samuel 8:9 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וַ/יִּשְׁמַ֕ע
תֹּ֖עִי
מֶ֣לֶךְ
חֲמָ֑ת
כִּ֚י
הִכָּ֣ה
דָוִ֔ד
אֵ֖ת
כָּל
חֵ֥יל
הֲדַדְעָֽזֶר
וַ/יִּשְׁמַ֕ע
shâmaʻ
H8085
to hear
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
תֹּ֖עִי
Tôʻûw
H8583
Toi
N-proper
מֶ֣לֶךְ
melek
H4428
King's
N-ms
חֲמָ֑ת
Chămâth
H2574
Hamath
N-proper
כִּ֚י
kîy
H3588
for
Conj
הִכָּ֣ה
nâkâh
H5221
to smite
V-Hiphil-Perf-3ms
דָוִ֔ד
Dâvid
H1732
David
N-proper
אֵ֖ת
ʼêth
H853
Obj.
DirObjM
כָּל
kôl
H3605
all
N-ms
חֵ֥יל
chêyl
H2426
rampart
N-ms
הֲדַדְעָֽזֶר
Hădadʻezer
H1909
Hadadezer
N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
Select any word above to explore its original meaning, root, and usage across Scripture.
Use ← → arrow keys to navigate between words.
Hebrew Word Reference — 2 Samuel 8:9
וַ/יִּשְׁמַ֕ע
shâmaʻ
H8085
"to hear"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
To hear and listen is what this Hebrew word means, often implying attention and obedience. In Exodus and Deuteronomy, it is used when God speaks to the people, and they must listen and obey.
Definition: : hear v 1) to hear, listen to, obey 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to hear (perceive by ear) 1a2) to hear of or concerning 1a3) to hear (have power to hear) 1a4) to hear with attention or interest, listen to 1a5) to understand (language) 1a6) to hear (of judicial cases) 1a7) to listen, give heed 1a7a) to consent, agree 1a7b) to grant request 1a8) to listen to, yield to 1a9) to obey, be obedient 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be heard (of voice or sound) 1b2) to be heard of 1b3) to be regarded, be obeyed 1c) (Piel) to cause to hear, call to hear, summon 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to cause to hear, tell, proclaim, utter a sound 1d2) to sound aloud (musical term) 1d3) to make proclamation, summon 1d4) to cause to be heard n m 2) sound
Usage: Occurs in 1072 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] attentively, call (gather) together, [idiom] carefully, [idiom] certainly, consent, consider, be content, declare, [idiom] diligently, discern, give ear, (cause to, let, make to) hear(-ken, tell), [idiom] indeed, listen, make (a) noise, (be) obedient, obey, perceive, (make a) proclaim(-ation), publish, regard, report, shew (forth), (make a) sound, [idiom] surely, tell, understand, whosoever (heareth), witness. See also: Genesis 3:8; Exodus 32:18; Deuteronomy 27:9.
תֹּ֖עִי
Tôʻûw
H8583
"Toi"
N-proper
Toi was a Syrian king who lived during the time of King David, and is mentioned in 2 Samuel and 1 Chronicles. His name means 'wander'.
Definition: A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.8.9; father of: Joram (H3141); also called Tou at 1Ch.18.9,10; § Toi or Tou = "wander" king of Hamath in the time of David
Usage: Occurs in 4 OT verses. KJV: Toi, Tou. See also: 2 Samuel 8:9; 1 Chronicles 18:9; 1 Chronicles 18:10.
מֶ֣לֶךְ
melek
H4428
"King's"
N-ms
This word refers to a king or royal person, like King David or King Saul. It can also describe something related to a king, like the King's Valley in Genesis. The Bible often uses this word to talk about the rulers of Israel.
Definition: King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)
Usage: Occurs in 1919 OT verses. KJV: king, royal. See also: Genesis 14:1; Joshua 10:39; 1 Samuel 16:1.
חֲמָ֑ת
Chămâth
H2574
"Hamath"
N-proper
Hamath is an ancient city in Syria, mentioned in 2 Kings as a key location. It was a major city in the region, known for its fortress.
Definition: § Hamath = "fortress" the principle city of upper Syria in the valley of the Orontes
Usage: Occurs in 33 OT verses. KJV: Hamath, Hemath. See also: Numbers 13:21; 1 Chronicles 18:9; Isaiah 10:9.
כִּ֚י
kîy
H3588
"for"
Conj
A conjunction used to show cause or connection, as in Genesis 2:23 where Adam says the woman is bone of his bone because she was taken out of him. It is often translated as 'for', 'because', or 'since'.
Definition: 1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since 1a) that 1a1) yea, indeed 1b) when (of time) 1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force) 1c) because, since (causal connection) 1d) but (after negative) 1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if 1f) but rather, but 1g) except that 1h) only, nevertheless 1i) surely 1j) that is 1k) but if 1l) for though 1m) forasmuch as, for therefore
Usage: Occurs in 3910 OT verses. KJV: and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch, where-) as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else, even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, + nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then, therefore, + (al-) though, + till, truly, + until, when, whether, while, whom, yea, yet. See also: Genesis 1:4; Genesis 26:16; Genesis 42:15.
הִכָּ֣ה
nâkâh
H5221
"to smite"
V-Hiphil-Perf-3ms
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to strike or hit something, and it's used in many different ways, like in Exodus when God strikes down the Egyptians. It can also mean to punish or destroy, as seen in Isaiah. The word is used to describe God's judgment.
Definition: 1) to strike, smite, hit, beat, slay, kill 1a)(Niphal) to be stricken or smitten 1b) (Pual) to be stricken or smitten 1c) (Hiphil) 1c1) to smite, strike, beat, scourge, clap, applaud, give a thrust 1c2) to smite, kill, slay (man or beast) 1c3) to smite, attack, attack and destroy, conquer, subjugate, ravage 1c4) to smite, chastise, send judgment upon, punish, destroy 1d) (Hophal) to be smitten 1d1) to receive a blow 1d2) to be wounded 1d3) to be beaten 1d4) to be (fatally) smitten, be killed, be slain 1d5) to be attacked and captured 1d6) to be smitten (with disease) 1d7) to be blighted (of plants)
Usage: Occurs in 461 OT verses. KJV: beat, cast forth, clap, give (wounds), [idiom] go forward, [idiom] indeed, kill, make (slaughter), murderer, punish, slaughter, slay(-er, -ing), smite(-r, -ing), strike, be stricken, (give) stripes, [idiom] surely, wound. See also: Genesis 4:15; Joshua 10:20; 1 Samuel 29:5.
דָוִ֔ד
Dâvid
H1732
"David"
N-proper
David was the youngest son of Jesse and a king of Judah, first mentioned in Ruth 4:17, and an ancestor of Jesus.
Definition: A king of the tribe of Judah living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at Rut.4.17; son of: Jesse (H3448) and Nahash (H5176I); brother of: Eliab (H0446I), Abinadab (H0041I), Shimeah (H8093), Zeruiah (H6870), Abigail (H0026H)(?), Nethanel (H5417H), Raddai (H7288), Ozem (H0684) and Elihu (H0453J); married to Michal (H4324), Abigail (H0026), Ahinoam (H0293H), Maacah (H4601I), Haggith (H2294), Abital (H0037), Eglah (H5698) and Bathsheba (H1339); father of: Amnon (H0550), Chileab (H3609), Absalom (H0053), Adonijah (H0138), Shephatiah (H8203), Ithream (H3507), Shammua (H8051H), Shobab (H7727), Nathan (H5416), Solomon (H8010), Ibhar (H2984), Elishua (H0474), Nepheg (H5298H), Japhia (H3309I), Elishama (H0476H), Eliada (H0450), Eliphelet (H0467), Tamar (H8559H), Elpelet (H0467I), Nogah (H5052) and Jerimoth (H3406N) Also named: Daueid, Dauid, Dabid (Δαυείδ, Δαυίδ, Δαβίδ "David" G1138) § David = "beloved" youngest son of Jesse and second king of Israel
Usage: Occurs in 912 OT verses. KJV: David. See also: Ruth 4:17; 1 Samuel 20:41; 1 Samuel 27:9.
אֵ֖ת
ʼêth
H853
"Obj."
DirObjM
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Definition: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
Usage: Occurs in 6782 OT verses. KJV: (as such unrepresented in English). See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 10:8; Genesis 19:21.
כָּל
kôl
H3605
"all"
N-ms
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Definition: 1) all, the whole 1a) all, the whole of 1b) any, each, every, anything 1c) totality, everything Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
Usage: Occurs in 4242 OT verses. KJV: (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever). See also: Genesis 1:21; Genesis 17:10; Genesis 41:40.
חֵ֥יל
chêyl
H2426
"rampart"
N-ms
This word refers to a strong wall or fortress that protects a city or a group of people. It is used in the Bible to talk about armies, walls, and other kinds of strong defenses, and is translated as 'army', 'rampart', or 'wall'.
Definition: 1) rampart, fortress, wall 1a) rampart 1b) fortress Also means: che.lah (חֵילָה "bulwark" H2430)
Usage: Occurs in 19 OT verses. KJV: army, bulwark, host, [phrase] poor, rampart, trench, wall. See also: 2 Samuel 8:9; 2 Chronicles 26:13; Psalms 10:10.
הֲדַדְעָֽזֶר
Hădadʻezer
H1909
"Hadadezer"
N-proper
Hadadezer was a Syrian king who ruled over Zobah, and his name means Hadad is help. He was defeated by David's army, as recorded in 2 Samuel 8:3, and was the son of Rehob.
Definition: A man of Zobah living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.8.3; son of: Rehob (H7340I) § Hadadezer = "Hadad is help" son of Rehob, a king of Syria-Zobah defeated by David's army
Usage: Occurs in 18 OT verses. KJV: Hadadezer. Compare H1928 (הֲדַרְעֶזֶר). See also: 2 Samuel 8:3; 1 Kings 11:23; 1 Chronicles 19:19.
Study Notes — 2 Samuel 8:9
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- 2 Samuel 8:9 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on 2 Samuel 8:9
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Samuel 8:9
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:9
- Trapp's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:9
- Ellicott's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:9
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:9
- Cambridge Bible on 2 Samuel 8:9
- Barnes' Notes on 2 Samuel 8:9
- Whedon's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:9
Context — David’s Triumphs
7And David took the gold shields that belonged to the officers of Hadadezer and brought them to Jerusalem.
8And from Betah and Berothai, cities of Hadadezer, King David took a large amount of bronze.
9When King Toi of Hamath heard that David had defeated the entire army of Hadadezer,
10he sent his son Joram to greet King David and bless him for fighting and defeating Hadadezer, who had been at war with Toi. Joram brought with him articles of silver and gold and bronze, 11and King David dedicated these to the LORD, along with the silver and gold he had dedicated from all the nations he had subdued—Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Kings 8:65 | So at that time Solomon and all Israel with him—a great assembly of people from Lebo-hamath to the Brook of Egypt—kept the feast before the LORD our God for seven days and seven more days—fourteen days in all. |
| 2 | 2 Chronicles 8:4 | He built Tadmor in the wilderness, in addition to all the store cities that he had built in Hamath. |
| 3 | 1 Chronicles 18:9 | When King Tou of Hamath heard that David had defeated the entire army of Hadadezer king of Zobah, |
| 4 | Amos 6:2 | Cross over to Calneh and see; go from there to the great Hamath; then go down to Gath of the Philistines. Are you better than these kingdoms? Is their territory larger than yours? |
2 Samuel 8:9 Summary
This verse tells us that King Toi of Hamath heard about David's big win over Hadadezer's army. King Toi was so impressed that he sent his son to congratulate David and bring him some nice gifts, as seen in 2 Samuel 8:10. This shows that David was becoming a well-known and respected leader, not just in his own country but in other nations too (like in Genesis 12:3). It's a reminder that when we trust and follow God, He can use us to do great things and make a big impact on the world around us, just like He did with David.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who was King Toi of Hamath and why is he important in this verse?
King Toi of Hamath was a king who heard about David's victory over Hadadezer, and he responded by sending his son to greet and bless David, as seen in 2 Samuel 8:9-10. This shows that David's reputation as a strong leader was spreading to other nations, similar to what is written in Genesis 12:3, where God promises that Abraham's name will be great among the nations.
What can we learn from King Toi's response to David's victory?
King Toi's response shows that he recognized David's strength and authority, and he sought to make peace with him, as seen in 2 Samuel 8:10. This can teach us the importance of humility and recognizing the authority of those God has placed in leadership, as written in Romans 13:1-2.
How does this verse fit into the larger story of David's life and reign?
This verse is part of a larger narrative of David's military campaigns and victories, as seen in 2 Samuel 8:1-14. It shows how David's power and influence were growing, and how he was becoming a dominant force in the region, similar to what is written in 1 Samuel 18:13-14.
What can we learn from David's interactions with other kings and nations?
David's interactions with other kings and nations, such as King Toi of Hamath, show that he was a skilled diplomat and leader who was able to navigate complex international relationships, as seen in 1 Kings 5:1-12. This can teach us the importance of wisdom and discernment in our own relationships with others, as written in Proverbs 24:3-4.
Reflection Questions
- What are some ways that I can recognize and respond to the authority and influence of those God has placed in leadership in my own life?
- How can I cultivate humility and a willingness to make peace with others, even if we have been at odds in the past?
- What are some ways that I can use my own influence and authority to bless and serve others, as King Toi sought to do by sending his son to greet and bless David?
- How can I trust God to work through my own strengths and weaknesses to accomplish His purposes, just as He did through David's life and reign?
Gill's Exposition on 2 Samuel 8:9
When Toi king of Hamath,.... Which was another small kingdom in Syria, perhaps lately erected to defend themselves against Hadadezer, and this the first king of it, at least the first we hear of; his
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Samuel 8:9
When Toi king of Hamath heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadadezer, Toi king of Hamath - Coele-Syria. Northwards it extended to the city Hamath, on the Orontes, which was the capital of the country.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:9
Hamath; another eminent city of Syria.
Trapp's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:9
2 Samuel 8:9 When Toi king of Hamath heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadadezer,Ver. 9. When Toi king of Hamath.] Called afterwards Antiochia, as the Chaldee Paraphrast hath it, of King Antiochus; as Methegammah or Gath, was called Diocaesarea.
Ellicott's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:9
(9) Toi king of Hamath.—The Vatican LXX. has the name, in accordance with Chron., Tau. Hamath, the capital of the kingdom of the same name, was situated on the Orontes. According to 1 Chronicles 18:3. David’s victory was on the borders of this kingdom. It was tributary to Solomon (1 Kings 4:24, 2 Chronicles 8:3-4), subsequently became independent, and was recovered by Jeroboam II. (2 Kings 14:28), and was finally captured by Assyria (2 Kings 19:13). It is described as “the great” by Amos (6:2), and a considerable town still occupies its site.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:9
Verse 9. Toi king of Hamath] Hamath is supposed to be the famous city of Emesa, situated on the Orontes, in Syria. This was contiguous to Hadadezer; and led him to wage war with Toi, that he might get possession of his territories. For a comparison of the 10th verse, see 1 Chronicles 18:9.
Cambridge Bible on 2 Samuel 8:9
9–12. Congratulatory embassy from Toi king of Hamath 9. Toi] The Sept. agrees with Chr. in reading his name Toü. Hamath] A kingdom north of Zobah, with a capital of the same name situated on the Orontes. Hamath was one of the kingdoms which were tributary to Solomon, who built cities there (1 Kings 4:24; 2 Chronicles 8:4). After his death it regained its independence until Jeroboam II. recovered it (2 Kings 14:28). A century later it is reckoned among the conquests of Assyria (2 Kings 19:13). The epithet “great,” applied to the city by Amos (ch. 2 Samuel 6:2), attests its importance. A considerable town, retaining the name of Hamah, still occupies the site.
Barnes' Notes on 2 Samuel 8:9
Hamath - This appears as an independent kingdom so late as the time of Senacherib Isaiah 37:13. But in the time of Nebuchadnezzar, both Hamath and Arpad appear to have been incorporated in the kingdom of Damascus Jeremiah 49:23.
Whedon's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:9
9. Hamath — A very ancient city of Syria situated on the Orontes river, about sixty miles southeast of Antioch. See on Numbers 13:21, and Joshua 13:5. Its king was glad to have David for an ally.