1 Chronicles 3:15
1 Chronicles 3:15 in Multiple Translations
The sons of Josiah: Johanan was the firstborn, Jehoiakim the second, Zedekiah the third, and Shallum the fourth.
And the sons of Josiah were, the firstborn Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum.
And the sons of Josiah: the first-born Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum.
And the sons of Josiah: the oldest Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum.
The sons of Josiah: Johanan (firstborn), Jehoiakim (second), Zedekiah (third), Shallum (fourth).
And of the sonnes of Iosiah, the eldest was Iohanan, the second Iehoiakim, the thirde Zedekiah, and the fourth Shallum.
And sons of Josiah: the first-born Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum.
The sons of Josiah: the firstborn Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, and the fourth Shallum.
And the sons of Josiah were , the first-born Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum.
And the sons of Josias were, the firstborn Johanan, the second Joakim, the third Sedecias, the fourth Sellum.
Josiah’s oldest son was Johanan. His other sons were Jehoiakim, Zedekiah, and Shallum.
Berean Amplified Bible — 1 Chronicles 3:15
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
1 Chronicles 3:15 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וּ/בְנֵי֙
יֹאשִׁיָּ֔הוּ
הַ/בְּכוֹר֙
יוֹחָנָ֔ן
הַ/שֵּׁנִ֖י
יְהוֹיָקִ֑ים
הַ/שְּׁלִשִׁי֙
צִדְקִיָּ֔הוּ
הָ/רְבִיעִ֖י
שַׁלּֽוּם
וּ/בְנֵי֙
bên
H1121
son
Conj | N-mp
יֹאשִׁיָּ֔הוּ
Yôʼshîyâh
H2977
Josiah
N-proper
הַ/בְּכוֹר֙
bᵉkôwr
H1060
firstborn
Art | N-ms
יוֹחָנָ֔ן
Yôwchânân
H3110
Johanan
N-proper
הַ/שֵּׁנִ֖י
shênîy
H8145
second
Art | Adj
יְהוֹיָקִ֑ים
Yᵉhôwyâqîym
H3079
Jehoiakim
N-proper
הַ/שְּׁלִשִׁי֙
shᵉlîyshîy
H7992
third
Art | Adj
צִדְקִיָּ֔הוּ
Tsidqîyâh
H6667
Zedekiah
N-proper
הָ/רְבִיעִ֖י
rᵉbîyʻîy
H7243
fourth
Art | Adj
שַׁלּֽוּם
Shallûwm
H7967
Shallum
N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — 1 Chronicles 3:15
וּ/בְנֵי֙
bên
H1121
"son"
Conj | N-mp
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Definition: : child/son
Usage: Occurs in 3653 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth. See also: Genesis 3:16; Genesis 23:3; Genesis 34:18.
יֹאשִׁיָּ֔הוּ
Yôʼshîyâh
H2977
"Josiah"
N-proper
Josiah means 'whom Jehovah heals' and was a king of Judah who led great revivals to worship God, as seen in 2 Kings 22-23. He reigned for 31 years and was the son of Amon. Josiah is also the name of another Israelite mentioned in Zechariah 6:10.
Definition: A man living at the time of Exile and Return, first mentioned at Zec.6.10; son of: Zephaniah (H6846I); also called Hen at Zec.6.14; Also named: chen (חֵן "Hen" H2581) § Josiah = "whom Jehovah heals" 1) son of Amon by Jedidah who succeeded his father to the throne of Judah and reigned for 31 years; his reign is noteworthy for the great revivals back to the worship of Jehovah which he led 2) a returned exile and son of Zephaniah at whose house took place the solemn and symbolical crowning of Joshua the high priest in the time of Zechariah the prophet
Usage: Occurs in 48 OT verses. KJV: Josiah. See also: 1 Kings 13:2; 2 Chronicles 35:22; Jeremiah 1:2.
הַ/בְּכוֹר֙
bᵉkôwr
H1060
"firstborn"
Art | N-ms
In the Bible, this word refers to the firstborn child or animal, often holding a special status or responsibility. It appears in stories like Genesis and Exodus, highlighting the importance of birth order. The KJV translates it as 'eldest' or 'firstborn'.
Definition: 1) firstborn, firstling 1a) of men and women 1b) of animals 1c) noun of relation (fig.)
Usage: Occurs in 96 OT verses. KJV: eldest (son), firstborn(-ling). See also: Genesis 10:15; Deuteronomy 21:17; Psalms 78:51.
יוֹחָנָ֔ן
Yôwchânân
H3110
"Johanan"
N-proper
Johanan means 'Jehovah has graced' and refers to several Israelites, including a priest who returned with Zerubbabel and a captain mentioned in Nehemiah.
Definition: A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Exile and Return, first mentioned at Neh.12.11; son of: Joiada (H3111H); brother of: son_of_Joiada (H3111I); father of: Jaddua (H3037H); also called Jonathan at Neh.12.11; Also named: yo.na.tan (יוֹנָתָן "Jonathan" H3129M) § Johanan = "Jehovah has graced" 1) a priest during the high priesthood of Joiakim who returned with Zerubbabel 2) a Jewish captain after the fall of Jerusalem 3) the eldest son of king Josiah 4) a post-exilic prince of the line of David 5) father of Azariah, priest in Solomon's time 6) a Benjamite, one of David's mighty warriors 7) a Gadite, one of David's mighty warriors 8) a returning exile
Usage: Occurs in 22 OT verses. KJV: Johanan. See also: 2 Kings 25:23; Jeremiah 40:16; Jeremiah 40:8.
הַ/שֵּׁנִ֖י
shênîy
H8145
"second"
Art | Adj
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means second or again, like when Moses went up Mount Sinai a second time in Exodus 24:15-18. It can also mean another or something distinct.
Definition: 1) second 1a) second (the ordinal number) 1b) again (a second time) 1c) another, other (something as distinct from something else)
Usage: Occurs in 152 OT verses. KJV: again, either (of them), (an-) other, second (time). See also: Genesis 1:8; 1 Kings 6:1; Isaiah 11:11.
יְהוֹיָקִ֑ים
Yᵉhôwyâqîym
H3079
"Jehoiakim"
N-proper
Jehoiakim means Jehovah raises up, and was a king of Judah, son of Josiah, who is mentioned in 2 Kings 23:34 and Jeremiah 27:1.
Definition: A king of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Ki.23.34; son of: Josiah (H2977) and Zebidah (H2080); half-brother of: Jehoahaz (H3059H), Zedekiah (H6667H) and Shallum (H7967J); married to Nehushta (H5179); father of: Jehoiachin (H3078); also called Zedekiah at Jer.27.1; Eliakim at 2Ki.23.34; 1x Also named: el.ya.qim (אֶלְיָקִים "Eliakim" H0471I) § Jehoiakim = "Jehovah raises up" son of Josiah and the third from the last king of Judah; subject vassel of Nebuchadnezzar who reigned for 11 years before he died a violent death either in combat or by the hands of his own subjects
Usage: Occurs in 37 OT verses. KJV: Jehoiakim. Compare H3113 (יוֹיָקִים). See also: 2 Kings 23:34; Jeremiah 26:21; Jeremiah 1:3.
הַ/שְּׁלִשִׁי֙
shᵉlîyshîy
H7992
"third"
Art | Adj
This Hebrew word means third in a sequence, like a third day or year. It is used in the Bible to describe time, rank, or quantity, such as the third day of creation in Genesis.
Definition: 1) third, one third, third part, third time 1a) ordinal number
Usage: Occurs in 94 OT verses. KJV: third (part, rank, time), three (years old). See also: Genesis 1:13; 1 Kings 22:2; Isaiah 15:5.
צִדְקִיָּ֔הוּ
Tsidqîyâh
H6667
"Zedekiah"
N-proper
Zedekiah means Jehovah is righteous, the name of six Israelites including the last king of Judah, as seen in Jeremiah 36:12. He was renamed by Nebuchadnezzar and son of Josiah. Zedekiah was a significant figure in the Divided Monarchy period.
Definition: A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at Jer.36.12; son of: Hananiah (H2608M) § Zedekiah = "Jehovah is righteous" 1) the last king of Judah renamed from 'Mattaniah' by Nebuchadnezzar; son of Josiah by wife Hamutal; placed on the throne by Nebuchadnezzar when he carried his nephew Jehoiakim in captivity 2) false prophet at the court of king Ahab of the northern kingdom of Israel 3) son of Maaseiah, a false prophet in Babylon 4) son of Hananiah, one of the princes of Judah in the time of Jeremiah 5) a priest who sealed the covenant with Nehemiah 6) son of king Jehoiakim of Judah
Usage: Occurs in 62 OT verses. KJV: Zedekiah, Zidkijah. See also: 1 Kings 22:11; Jeremiah 34:6; Jeremiah 1:3.
הָ/רְבִיעִ֖י
rᵉbîyʻîy
H7243
"fourth"
Art | Adj
This Hebrew word means fourth, and is used to describe something that is four-sided or divided into four parts, like a square or a quarter.
Definition: 1) fourth 1a) fourth 1b) four square 1c) fourth part Aramaic equivalent: re.vi.ay (רְבִיעִי "fourth" H7244)
Usage: Occurs in 53 OT verses. KJV: foursquare, fourth (part). See also: Genesis 1:19; 1 Chronicles 8:2; Jeremiah 25:1.
שַׁלּֽוּם
Shallûwm
H7967
"Shallum"
N-proper
Shallum is a personal name in the Bible, referring to several Israelites, including a king of Judah who lived during the Divided Monarchy period, and is mentioned in 2 Kings 24:6, as the son of Jehoiakim and father of Zedekiah.
Definition: A king of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Ki.24.6; son of: Jehoiakim (H3079) and Nehushta (H5179); father of: Zedekiah (H6667I)(?) and Shealtiel (H7597A); also called Jeconiah at 1Ch.3.16,17; 2x27.20; 28.4; 29.2; Coniah at Jer.22.24,28; 37.1; Shallum at Jer.22.11; Jechoniah (KJV: Jechonias; NIV: Jeconiah) inMat.1.11; 1x Another name of ye.ho.ya.khin (יְהוֹיָכִין "Jehoiachin" H3078) § Shallum = "retribution" 1) son of Jabesh, conspirator and slayer of king Zachariah of the northern kingdom of Israel ending the dynasty of Jehu; assumed the throne and became the 15th king of the northern kingdom; reigned for one month and was killed by Menahem 2) the 3rd son of king Josiah of Judah and subsequent king of Judah; reigned for 3 months before he was taken captive to Egypt where he was placed in chains and later died 2a) also 'Jehoahaz' 3) husband of Huldah the prophetess in the reign of king Josiah of Judah. Maybe the same as 4 4) uncle of Jeremiah the prophet. Maybe the same as 3 5) a Simeonite, son of Shaul and grandson of Simeon 6) a Judaite, son of Sisamai and father of Jekamiah in the family of Jerahmeel 7) an Ephraimite, father of Jehizkiah 8) a son of Naphtali 9) a Korahite Levite, chief of a family of gatekeepers for the east gate of the temple 9a) maybe same as 13 10) son of Halohesh and ruler of a district of Jerusalem; also repairer of the wall of Jerusalem in the time of Nehemiah 11) a priest, of the family of Eleazar, son of Zadok and father of Hilkiah in the family line of Ezra 12) a Korahite Levite, son of Kore, father of Maaseiah, and in charge of the work of the service. Maybe same as 9 13) a Levite gatekeeper who had a foreign wife in the time of Ezra 14) a Levite and descendant of Bani who had a foreign wife in the time of Ezra
Usage: Occurs in 26 OT verses. KJV: Shallum. See also: 2 Kings 15:10; 1 Chronicles 9:19; Jeremiah 22:11.
Study Notes — 1 Chronicles 3:15
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- 1 Chronicles 3:15 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on 1 Chronicles 3:15
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Chronicles 3:15
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 3:15
- Trapp's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 3:15
- Ellicott's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 3:15
- Cambridge Bible on 1 Chronicles 3:15
- Barnes' Notes on 1 Chronicles 3:15
Context — The Descendants of Solomon
13Ahaz his son, Hezekiah his son, Manasseh his son,
14Amon his son, and Josiah his son.
15The sons of Josiah: Johanan was the firstborn, Jehoiakim the second, Zedekiah the third, and Shallum the fourth.
16The successors of Jehoiakim: Jeconiah his son, and Zedekiah. 17The descendants of Jeconiah the captive: Shealtiel his son,Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 Kings 23:34 | Then Pharaoh Neco made Eliakim son of Josiah king in place of his father Josiah, and he changed Eliakim’s name to Jehoiakim. But Neco took Jehoahaz and carried him off to Egypt, where he died. |
1 Chronicles 3:15 Summary
This verse lists the sons of King Josiah, who was a godly king of Judah, as seen in 2 Kings 22-23. The sons are listed in order of their birth, with Johanan being the firstborn, which was an important position in biblical times, as mentioned in Deuteronomy 21:15-17. This verse helps us understand the family line of King Josiah and how it fits into the larger story of Judah's history, which is also discussed in 1 Chronicles 3:14. By reading this verse, we can see how God works through human families and leaders to accomplish His plans, as seen in Psalm 75:6-7.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who were the sons of Josiah mentioned in 1 Chronicles 3:15?
The sons of Josiah mentioned in this verse are Johanan, Jehoiakim, Zedekiah, and Shallum, listed in order of their birth, with Johanan being the firstborn, as seen in 1 Chronicles 3:15, and Jehoiakim and Zedekiah playing significant roles in the history of Judah, as mentioned in 2 Kings 23:31 and 2 Kings 24:17.
What is the significance of the order of the sons of Josiah?
The order of the sons of Josiah, with Johanan as the firstborn, is significant because it reflects the cultural and biblical importance of the firstborn son, as seen in Deuteronomy 21:15-17, where the firstborn son is given a special inheritance.
How does this verse relate to the overall history of Judah?
This verse provides important information about the descendants of King Josiah, who played a crucial role in the history of Judah, as mentioned in 2 Kings 22-23, and helps to understand the succession of kings in Judah, as seen in 1 Chronicles 3:15-16.
What can we learn about God's sovereignty from this verse?
This verse reminds us that God is sovereign over all human affairs, including the birth and succession of kings, as seen in Psalm 75:6-7, where God declares that He is the one who sets up and removes kings.
Reflection Questions
- What does the order of the sons of Josiah reveal about the cultural and biblical values of the time?
- How does the mention of these specific sons of Josiah contribute to our understanding of God's plan for Judah?
- What can we learn about the character of Josiah and his sons from this verse and other biblical accounts?
- In what ways does this verse encourage us to trust in God's sovereignty over our own lives and circumstances?
Gill's Exposition on 1 Chronicles 3:15
And the sons of Josiah were, the firstborn Johanan,.... Of whom we nowhere else read; he probably died before his father Josiah: the second Jehoiakim: whose name was Eliakim, changed for the former
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Chronicles 3:15
And the sons of Josiah were, the firstborn Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. Zedekiah - is called the son of Josiah, cf.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 3:15
Of whom, at least under that name, there is no mention in thee history of the reign of Josiah’ s sons, 2 Kings 23 2 Kings 24. But in , there is mention of Shallum the son of Josiah king of Judah, which reigned instead of Josiah his father; which most conceive to be the same who is otherwise called Jehoahaz, 2 Kings 23. And this seems most probable, 1. From that phrase, he reigned instead of Josiah; which implies that he immediately succeeded his father; otherwise he would have been said to have reigned instead of his brother, as Zedekiah is said to reign instead of Jehoiachin, , because he was his next successor. 2. From the order of that sermon or discourse of Jeremiah, which was directed to Zedekiah, and his servants, and people, as appears by ,2,11 22:1,2, whom he admonisheth by the examples of the kings his predecessors, and of the sentence of God concerning each of them, and that in order as they reigned: 1. Of Shallum, , &c. 2. Of Jehoiakim, , &c. 3. Of Jeconiah, , &c. Therefore Shallum is the same with Jehoahaz, who was the first king after Josiah, . 4. From the nature of that prophecy, ,12, which best agrees to Jehoahaz, who was carried captive not so far as Babylon, but only to Egypt, a very near country whence the people hoped that he would speedily and easily return, or be re-established in his throne by the king of Egypt, in opposition to the king of Babylon. 5.
Because Jehoahaz was one of Josiah’ s younger sons, as appears by comparing ,36. And this Shallum is here called his fourth son.
Trapp's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 3:15
1 Chronicles 3:15 And the sons of Josiah [were], the firstborn Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum.Ver. 15. Johanan.] Alias Jehoahaz, alias Shallum. See on 2 Kings 23:31. Some think that Johanan was a distinct son from Jehoahaz: and conjecture that he was slain in battle together with his father Josiah.
Ellicott's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 3:15
(15) And the sons of Josiah.—The regular succession by primogeniture ceases with Josiah. The firstborn Johanan (Iahweh bestowed) never ascended the throne of his fathers. He may have died early. He is not to be identified with Jehoahaz, who was two years younger than Jehoiakim (2 Kings 23:31; 2 Kings 23:36), and therefore could not have been the firstborn of Josiah. The second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum.—The order of succession to the throne after Josiah was this:—First, Shallum (= Jehoahaz, 2 Kings 23:30; comp. Jeremiah 22:11); then Jehoiakim (= Eliakim, 2 Kings 23:34; Jeremiah 22:18); then Jeconiah, son of Jehoiakini (= Jehoiachin, Jeremiah 22:24); and, lastly, Zedekiah (= Mattaniah, 2 Kings 24:17), The third Zedekiah.—Zedekiah was much younger than Shallum. Shallum was twenty-three when he came to the throne, which he occupied eleven years. Zedekiah succeeded him at the age of twenty-one (2 Kings 23:31; 2 Kings 24:18). The order of 1 Chronicles 3:15 is not wholly determined by seniority any more than by the actual succession. If age were considered, the order would be Jehoiakim, Shallum, Zedekiah; if the actual succession, it would be, Shallum, Jehoiakim, Zedekiah.
The order of the text may have been influenced by the two considerations—(1) That Jehoiakim and Zedekiah each enjoyed a reign of eleven years, while Shallum reigned only three months; (2) That Shallum and Zedekiah were full brothers, both being sons of Hamutal, whereas Jehoiakim was born of another of Josiah’s wives, viz., Zebudah.
Cambridge Bible on 1 Chronicles 3:15
15. the firstborn Johanan] This son of Josiah never came to the throne, nor is anything known of him except from this passage. Perhaps he died before he grew up. Zedekiah] Though reckoned third here, he was younger than Shallum (=Jehoahaz); cp. 2 Chronicles 36:2 (= 2 Kings 23:31) with 2 Chronicles 36:11 (= 2 Kings 24:18). Shallum] To be identified with Jehoahaz; cp. 2 Chronicles 36:1 with Jeremiah 22:11.
Barnes' Notes on 1 Chronicles 3:15
Of the sons of Josiah, Johanan, “the first-born,” who is mentioned in this place only, must, it would seem, have died before his father, or with him at Megiddo; and Shallum (also called Jehoahaz,