1 Kings 22:47
1 Kings 22:47 in Multiple Translations
And there was no king in Edom; a deputy served as king.
There was then no king in Edom: a deputy was king.
And there was no king in Edom: a deputy was king.
At that time there was no king in Edom;
(At that time there was no king in Edom; only a deputy who served as king.)
There was then no King in Edom: the deputie was King.
and there is no king in Edom; he set up a king.
There was no king in Edom. A deputy ruled.
There was then no king in Edom: a deputy was king.
And the remnant also of the effeminate, who remained in the days of Asa his father, he took out of the land.
At that time, there was no king in Edom; a ruler who had been appointed by Jehoshaphat ruled there.
Berean Amplified Bible — 1 Kings 22:47
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
1 Kings 22:47 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וְ/יֶ֨תֶר֙
הַ/קָּדֵ֔שׁ
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
נִשְׁאַ֔ר
בִּ/ימֵ֖י
אָסָ֣א
אָבִ֑י/ו
בִּעֵ֖ר
מִן
הָ/אָֽרֶץ
וְ/יֶ֨תֶר֙
yether
H3499
remainder
Conj | N-ms
הַ/קָּדֵ֔שׁ
qâdêsh
H6945
male cult prostitute
Art | Adj
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
ʼăsher
H834
which
Rel
נִשְׁאַ֔ר
shâʼar
H7604
to remain
V-Niphal-Perf-3ms
בִּ/ימֵ֖י
yôwm
H3117
day
Prep | N-mp
אָסָ֣א
ʼÂçâʼ
H609
Asa
N-proper
אָבִ֑י/ו
ʼâb
H1
father
N-ms | Suff
בִּעֵ֖ר
bâʻar
H1197
to burn
V-Piel-Perf-3ms
מִן
min
H4480
from
Prep
הָ/אָֽרֶץ
ʼerets
H776
land
Art | N-cs
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — 1 Kings 22:47
וְ/יֶ֨תֶר֙
yether
H3499
"remainder"
Conj | N-ms
A cord or rope, also meaning excess or remainder, as seen in the Bible's descriptions of leftovers or abundant resources.
Definition: 1) remainder, excess, rest, remnant, excellence 1a) remainder, remnant 1b) remainder, rest, other part 1c) excess 1d) abundantly (adv) 1e) abundance, affluence 1f) superiority, excellency
Usage: Occurs in 95 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] abundant, cord, exceeding, excellancy(-ent), what they leave, that hath left, plentifully, remnant, residue, rest, string, with. See also: Genesis 49:3; 2 Kings 15:26; Psalms 11:2.
הַ/קָּדֵ֔שׁ
qâdêsh
H6945
"male cult prostitute"
Art | Adj
A male cult prostitute was someone who practiced idolatry and immorality in the name of religion, like the ones condemned by the prophets. The Bible strongly condemns such practices, calling them unclean and sinful.
Definition: male temple prostitute
Usage: Occurs in 6 OT verses. KJV: sodomite, unclean. See also: Deuteronomy 23:18; 1 Kings 22:47; Job 36:14.
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
ʼăsher
H834
"which"
Rel
This Hebrew word is a conjunction that connects ideas and events in the Bible, like in the book of Genesis, where it's used to describe the relationship between God and His creation.
Definition: A: 1) (relative part.) 1a) which, who 1b) that which 2) (conj) 2a) that (in obj clause) 2b) when 2c) since 2d) as 2e) conditional if B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which 2) (adv) 2a) where 3) (conj) 3a) in that, inasmuch as 3b) on account of C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which 2) from (the place) where 3) from (the fact) that, since D: Kaph+ 1) (conj.), according as, as, when 1a) according to that which, according as, as 1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since 1c) with a temporal force: when
Usage: Occurs in 4440 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] after, [idiom] alike, as (soon as), because, [idiom] every, for, [phrase] forasmuch, [phrase] from whence, [phrase] how(-soever), [idiom] if, (so) that ((thing) which, wherein), [idiom] though, [phrase] until, [phrase] whatsoever, when, where ([phrase] -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, [phrase] whither(-soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun expletively, used to show the connection. See also: Genesis 1:7; Genesis 20:9; Genesis 31:16.
נִשְׁאַ֔ר
shâʼar
H7604
"to remain"
V-Niphal-Perf-3ms
To remain or be left over, as in Joshua 10:20. It can also mean to spare or reserve something, like God sparing Noah in Genesis 7:23. This word is used to describe the remnant of Israel.
Definition: 1) to remain, be left over, be left behind 1a) (Qal) to remain 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be left over, be left alive, survive 1b1a) remainder, remnant (participle) 1b2) to be left behind 1c) (Hiphil) 1c1) to leave over, spare 1c2) to leave or keep over 1c3) to have left 1c4) to leave (as a gift)
Usage: Occurs in 123 OT verses. KJV: leave, (be) left, let, remain, remnant, reserve, the rest. See also: Genesis 7:23; 1 Kings 22:47; Isaiah 4:3.
בִּ/ימֵ֖י
yôwm
H3117
"day"
Prep | N-mp
The Hebrew word 'yom' refers to a day, which can be a literal 24-hour period or a figurative space of time. It is used in the Bible to describe a wide range of time periods, from a single day to a year or a lifetime. The word 'yom' is used in many different contexts throughout the Bible.
Definition: : day/when/time/period 1) day, time, year 1a) day (as opposed to night) 1b) day (24 hour period) 1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1 1b2) as a division of time 1b2a) a working day, a day's journey 1c) days, lifetime (pl.) 1d) time, period (general) 1e) year 1f) temporal references 1f1) today 1f2) yesterday 1f3) tomorrow
Usage: Occurs in 1930 OT verses. KJV: age, [phrase] always, [phrase] chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to) day, (now a, two) days (agone), [phrase] elder, [idiom] end, [phrase] evening, [phrase] (for) ever(-lasting, -more), [idiom] full, life, as (so) long as (... live), (even) now, [phrase] old, [phrase] outlived, [phrase] perpetually, presently, [phrase] remaineth, [idiom] required, season, [idiom] since, space, then, (process of) time, [phrase] as at other times, [phrase] in trouble, weather, (as) when, (a, the, within a) while (that), [idiom] whole ([phrase] age), (full) year(-ly), [phrase] younger. See also: Genesis 1:5; Genesis 33:13; Exodus 23:15.
אָסָ֣א
ʼÂçâʼ
H609
"Asa"
N-proper
Asa was a king of Judah, son of Abijam, who ruled wisely and brought peace to the land, as recorded in 1 Kings 15:11-15 and 2 Chronicles 14-16.
Definition: A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at 1Ch.9.16; son of: Elkanah (H0511K); father of: Berechiah (H1296I) § Asa = "healer: injurious (?)" 1) king of Judah, son of Abijam, father of Jehoshaphat 2) a Levite
Usage: Occurs in 52 OT verses. KJV: Asa. See also: 1 Kings 15:8; 2 Chronicles 13:23; Jeremiah 41:9.
אָבִ֑י/ו
ʼâb
H1
"father"
N-ms | Suff
In Hebrew, this word means father, whether literal or figurative. It is used to describe God as the father of his people, as well as human fathers like Abraham. The word is about a paternal relationship or authority.
Definition: 1) father of an individual 2) of God as father of his people 3) head or founder of a household, group, family, or clan 4) ancestor 4a) grandfather, forefathers - of person 4b) of people 5) originator or patron of a class, profession, or art 6) of producer, generator (fig.) 7) of benevolence and protection (fig.) 8) term of respect and honour 9) ruler or chief (spec.) Also means: av (אַב "father" H0002)
Usage: Occurs in 1060 OT verses. KJV: chief, (fore-) father(-less), [idiom] patrimony, principal. Compare names in 'Abi-'. See also: Genesis 2:24; Genesis 42:37; Leviticus 19:3.
בִּעֵ֖ר
bâʻar
H1197
"to burn"
V-Piel-Perf-3ms
To be brutish means to be stupid or barbarous, and can also refer to consuming something by fire or eating. It is used to describe someone who is dull-hearted or unreceptive.
Definition: : burn/ignite 1) to burn, consume, kindle, be kindled 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to begin to burn, be kindled, start burning 1a2) to burn, be burning 1a3) to burn, consume 1a4) Jehovah's wrath, human wrath (fig.) 1b) (Piel) 1b1) to kindle, burn 1b2) to consume, remove (of guilt) (fig.) 1c) (Hiphil) 1c1) to kindle 1c2) to burn up 1c3) to consume (destroy) 1d) (Pual) to burn
Usage: Occurs in 90 OT verses. KJV: be brutish, bring (put, take) away, burn, (cause to) eat (up), feed, heat, kindle, set (on fire), waste. See also: Exodus 3:2; Psalms 39:4; Psalms 2:12.
מִן
min
H4480
"from"
Prep
This Hebrew word means a portion or part of something, and is often used to show the relationship between things, like from or out of something.
Definition: prep 1) from, out of, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not, more than 1a) from (expressing separation), off, on the side of 1b) out of 1b1) (with verbs of proceeding, removing, expelling) 1b2) (of material from which something is made) 1b3) (of source or origin) 1c) out of, some of, from (partitively) 1d) from, since, after (of time) 1e) than, more than (in comparison) 1f) from...even to, both...and, either...or 1g) than, more than, too much for (in comparisons) 1h) from, on account of, through, because (with infinitive) conj 2) that Aramaic equivalent: min (מִן־ "from" H4481)
Usage: Occurs in 1094 OT verses. KJV: above, after, among, at, because of, by (reason of), from (among), in, [idiom] neither, [idiom] nor, (out) of, over, since, [idiom] then, through, [idiom] whether, with. See also: Genesis 2:6; Exodus 16:32; Leviticus 14:26.
הָ/אָֽרֶץ
ʼerets
H776
"land"
Art | N-cs
The land or earth refers to the soil or ground, and can also mean a country, territory, or region. In the Bible, it is used to describe the earth and its inhabitants, and is often translated as 'land' or 'country'.
Definition: : soil 1) land, earth 1a) earth 1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part) 1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven) 1a3) earth (inhabitants) 1b) land 1b1) country, territory 1b2) district, region 1b3) tribal territory 1b4) piece of ground 1b5) land of Canaan, Israel 1b6) inhabitants of land 1b7) Sheol, land without return, (under) world 1b8) city (-state) 1c) ground, surface of the earth 1c1) ground 1c2) soil 1d) (in phrases) 1d1) people of the land 1d2) space or distance of country (in measurements of distance) 1d3) level or plain country 1d4) land of the living 1d5) end(s) of the earth 1e) (almost wholly late in usage) 1e1) lands, countries 1e1a) often in contrast to Canaan
Usage: Occurs in 2190 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] common, country, earth, field, ground, land, [idiom] natins, way, [phrase] wilderness, world. See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 18:18; Genesis 42:13.
Study Notes — 1 Kings 22:47
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- 1 Kings 22:47 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on 1 Kings 22:47
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Kings 22:47
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on 1 Kings 22:47
- Trapp's Commentary on 1 Kings 22:47
- Ellicott's Commentary on 1 Kings 22:47
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on 1 Kings 22:47
- Cambridge Bible on 1 Kings 22:47
- Barnes' Notes on 1 Kings 22:47
- Whedon's Commentary on 1 Kings 22:47
- Sermons on 1 Kings 22:47
Context — Jehoshaphat Reigns in Judah
45As for the rest of the acts of Jehoshaphat, along with the might he exercised and how he waged war, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Judah?
46He banished from the land the male shrine prostitutes who remained from the days of his father Asa.
47And there was no king in Edom; a deputy served as king.
48Jehoshaphat built ships of Tarshish to go to Ophir for gold, but they never set sail, because they were wrecked at Ezion-geber. 49At that time Ahaziah son of Ahab said to Jehoshaphat, “Let my servants sail with your servants,” but Jehoshaphat refused.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 Samuel 8:14 | He placed garrisons throughout Edom, and all the Edomites were subject to David. So the LORD made David victorious wherever he went. |
| 2 | 2 Kings 3:9 | So the king of Israel, the king of Judah, and the king of Edom set out, and after they had traveled a roundabout route for seven days, they had no water for their army or for their animals. |
| 3 | 2 Kings 8:20 | In the days of Jehoram, Edom rebelled against the hand of Judah and appointed their own king. |
| 4 | Genesis 27:40 | You shall live by the sword and serve your brother. But when you rebel, you will tear his yoke from your neck.” |
| 5 | Genesis 25:23 | and He declared to her: “Two nations are in your womb, and two peoples from within you will be separated; one people will be stronger than the other, and the older will serve the younger.” |
| 6 | Genesis 36:31–43 | These are the kings who reigned in the land of Edom before any king reigned over the Israelites: Bela son of Beor reigned in Edom; the name of his city was Dinhabah. When Bela died, Jobab son of Zerah from Bozrah reigned in his place. When Jobab died, Husham from the land of the Temanites reigned in his place. When Husham died, Hadad son of Bedad, who defeated Midian in the country of Moab, reigned in his place. And the name of his city was Avith. When Hadad died, Samlah from Masrekah reigned in his place. When Samlah died, Shaul from Rehoboth on the Euphrates reigned in his place. When Shaul died, Baal-hanan son of Achbor reigned in his place. When Baal-hanan son of Achbor died, Hadad reigned in his place. His city was named Pau, and his wife’s name was Mehetabel daughter of Matred, the daughter of Me-zahab. These are the names of Esau’s chiefs, according to their families and regions, by their names: Chiefs Timna, Alvah, Jetheth, Oholibamah, Elah, Pinon, Kenaz, Teman, Mibzar, Magdiel, and Iram. These were the chiefs of Edom, according to their settlements in the land they possessed. Esau was the father of the Edomites. |
| 7 | Psalms 108:9–10 | Moab is My washbasin; upon Edom I toss My sandal; over Philistia I shout in triumph.” Who will bring me to the fortified city? Who will lead me to Edom? |
1 Kings 22:47 Summary
This verse tells us that the country of Edom didn't have a king of its own, but instead was ruled by a deputy who represented the king of Judah. This shows that God is in control of all the nations, and He can choose to give authority to whomever He wants (as we see in Daniel 4:17 and Romans 13:1). It's a reminder that our trust should be in God, not in human leaders or governments. By looking at this verse, we can see that God's ways are not always our ways, but He is always working to accomplish His purposes (Isaiah 55:9).
Frequently Asked Questions
What does it mean that there was no king in Edom, and a deputy served as king?
This indicates that Edom was under the authority of Judah, and the deputy served as a representative of the king of Judah, as seen in 2 Kings 3:9, where the king of Edom is mentioned as joining forces with the king of Judah.
Is this verse related to any other events in the Bible?
Yes, the relationship between Edom and Judah is mentioned in other passages, such as 2 Chronicles 28:17, where Edom is said to have revolted against Judah, and in the book of Obadiah, which prophesies against Edom for its actions against Judah.
What can we learn about God's sovereignty from this verse?
This verse shows that God is in control of the nations, and He can raise up or bring down leaders as He sees fit, as stated in Daniel 2:21 and Romans 13:1-2.
How does this verse fit into the broader context of 1 Kings 22?
This verse serves as a brief aside, providing additional information about the region of Edom, before returning to the main story of Jehoshaphat's reign in 1 Kings 22:48-49.
Reflection Questions
- What does this verse reveal about the nature of human authority and power?
- How can we apply the principle of God's sovereignty over nations to our own lives and circumstances?
- What can we learn from the fact that Edom was under the authority of Judah, and how does this relate to our own relationships with others?
- In what ways can we see God's hand at work in the rise and fall of leaders and nations, and how should this impact our trust in Him?
Gill's Exposition on 1 Kings 22:47
There was then no king in Edom, a deputy was king. Which had been the case from the times of David, who subdued Edom, and placed garrisons in it, and governors over it, 2 Samuel 8:14 and continued
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Kings 22:47
And he walked in all the ways of Asa his father; he turned not aside from it, doing that which was right in the eyes of the LORD: nevertheless the high places were not taken away; for the people
Matthew Poole's Commentary on 1 Kings 22:47
Sent and set over them by the kings of Judah, from the time of David, , until the days of Jehoram, .
Trapp's Commentary on 1 Kings 22:47
1 Kings 22:47 [There was] then no king in Edom: a deputy [was] king.Ver. 47. There was then no king in Edom.] Never since victorious David "cast out his shoe over it," till wicked Joram’ s days.
Ellicott's Commentary on 1 Kings 22:47
(47) There was then no king in Edom.—This notice is apparently connected with the following verses; for Ezion-geber is a seaport of the Edomite territory. Whatever may have been the influence of Hadad in the last days of Solomon (1 Kings 11:14), Edom does not seem to have regained independence till the time of Jehoram, son of Jehoshaphat (2 Chronicles 21:8-10); although in the confederacy against Jehoshaphat, those “of Mount Seir” are included with the Moabites and Ammonites (2 Chronicles 20:10; 2 Chronicles 20:22). The “king of Edom,” of 2 Kings 3, who is evidently a subject ally, not regarded in consultation (see 1 Kings 22:6-9), must be “the deputy” of this passage.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on 1 Kings 22:47
Verse 47. There was no king in Edom] It is plain that the compiler of this book lived after the days of Jehoshaphat, in whose time the Edomites revolted; see 2Kg 8:22. David had conquered the Edomites, and they continued to be governed by deputies, appointed by the kings of Judah, till they recovered their liberty, as above. This note is introduced by the writer to account for Jehoshaphat's building ships at Ezion-geber, which was in the territory of the Edomites, and which showed them to be at that time under the Jewish yoke.
Cambridge Bible on 1 Kings 22:47
47. There was then [R.V. And there was] no king in Edom] Therefore Jehoshaphat could go through Idumæa to the Red Sea and prepare him a fleet in Ezion-geber. On Ezion-geber and its position in the land of Edom, see above on 1 Kings 9:26. a deputy was king] What had become of the royal family of Edom, which Hadad (see 1 Kings 11:14 seqq.) appears to have established again, we are nowhere told. Nor is there anything to guide us to a conclusion by whom the deputy was appointed. It may be that Hadad had never gained much power after his return from Egypt, and his successor had not been able to maintain his position. In that case the king of Judah might have claimed the rights which his predecessor had once held, and have set up a governor in Edom. If this were so a passage for the servants of the king of Judah through the land would be a matter of course.
Barnes' Notes on 1 Kings 22:47
In the time of Solomon, Hadad 1 Kings 11:14, according to the Septuagint, “reigned over Edom.” It appears by the present passage that the country had been again reduced either by Jehoshaphat, or by
Whedon's Commentary on 1 Kings 22:47
47. No king in Edom — Ever since David subjected the Edomites (2 Samuel 8:13-14) that people had been without a king, and tributary to Israel.
Sermons on 1 Kings 22:47
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
|
Escaping the Yoke of the Swindler by Carter Conlon | This sermon emphasizes the need for the church to escape the yoke of deception and self-focus, reclaiming its identity and purpose to be a blessing in the world. Drawing from the s |
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Demonstration 5 (Of Wars) by Aphraates | Aphraates preaches about the prophetic visions in the book of Daniel, highlighting the rise and fall of kingdoms, the humbling of the proud, and the ultimate victory of God's Kingd |
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Esther #2 Ch. 3-4 by Chuck Missler | In this sermon, the speaker discusses the concern for the commitment and agenda of those who seek to wipe out Israel, specifically comparing the PLO to Haman's plan. The speaker th |
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(Genesis) Genesis 27:1-4 by J. Vernon McGee | In this sermon, the preacher focuses on the 27th chapter of the book of Genesis. The main theme of the chapter is Jacob and Rebecca's plan to deceive Isaac in order to obtain the b |
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What Love Is This? - Part 9 by Dave Hunt | This sermon addresses the prophecy of 'The elder shall serve the younger,' focusing on Jacob and Esau and the nations descended from them. It delves into arguments against the Calv |
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The Surprising Ways of God by Otto Koning | In this sermon transcript, the speaker shares his personal testimony of searching for God and finding hope in Jesus Christ. He reflects on his experiences during World War II and t |
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Hebrews 11:20-21 by Don McClure | In this sermon, the speaker discusses the lives of Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Joseph and their relationship with God. Despite not seeing the fulfillment of God's promises in their |