2 Samuel 10:16
2 Samuel 10:16 in Multiple Translations
Hadadezer sent messengers to bring more Arameans from beyond the Euphrates, and they came to Helam with Shobach the commander of Hadadezer’s army leading them.
And Hadarezer sent, and brought out the Syrians that were beyond the river: and they came to Helam; and Shobach the captain of the host of Hadarezer went before them.
And Hadarezer sent, and brought out the Syrians that were beyond the River: and they came to Helam, with Shobach the captain of the host of Hadarezer at their head.
And Hadadezer sent for the Aramaeans who were on the other side of the River: and they came to Helam, with Shobach, the captain of Hadadezer's army, at their head.
Hadadezer sent for more Arameans to be brought from beyond the Euphrates River. They arrived in Helam under the leadership of Shobach, commander of Hadadezer's army.
And Hadarezer sent, and brought out the Aramites that were beyond the Riuer: and they came to Helam, and Shobach the captaine of the hoste of Hadarezer went before them.
and Hadadezer sendeth, and bringeth out Aram which [is] beyond the River, and they come in to Helam, and Shobach head of the host of Hadadezer [is] before them.
Hadadezer sent and brought out the Syrians who were beyond the River; and they came to Helam, with Shobach the captain of the army of Hadadezer at their head.
And Hadarezer sent, and brought out the Syrians that were beyond the river: and they came to Helam; and Shobach the captain of the host of Hadarezer went before them.
And Adarezer sent and fetched the Syrians, that were beyond the river, and brought over their army: and Sobach, the captain of the host of Adarezer, was their general.
Their king, Hadadezer, summoned the soldiers of Syria who lived on the east side of the Euphrates River. They gathered at Helam city. Their commander was Shobach.
Berean Amplified Bible — 2 Samuel 10:16
BAB
Word Study
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2 Samuel 10:16 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וַ/יִּשְׁלַ֣ח
הֲדַדְעֶ֗זֶר
וַ/יֹּצֵ֤א
אֶת
אֲרָם֙
אֲשֶׁר֙
מֵ/עֵ֣בֶר
הַ/נָּהָ֔ר
וַ/יָּבֹ֖אוּ
חֵילָ֑ם
וְ/שׁוֹבַ֛ךְ
שַׂר
צְבָ֥א
הֲדַדְעֶ֖זֶר
לִ/פְנֵי/הֶֽם
וַ/יִּשְׁלַ֣ח
shâlach
H7971
to send
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
הֲדַדְעֶ֗זֶר
Hădadʻezer
H1909
Hadadezer
N-proper
וַ/יֹּצֵ֤א
yâtsâʼ
H3318
to come out
Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-3ms
אֶת
ʼêth
H853
Obj.
DirObjM
אֲרָם֙
ʼĂrâm
H758
Aram
N-proper
אֲשֶׁר֙
ʼăsher
H834
which
Rel
מֵ/עֵ֣בֶר
ʻêber
H5676
side
Prep | N-ms
הַ/נָּהָ֔ר
nâhâr
H5104
river
Art | N-ms
וַ/יָּבֹ֖אוּ
bôwʼ
H935
Lebo
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp
חֵילָ֑ם
Chêylâm
H2431
Helam
N-proper
וְ/שׁוֹבַ֛ךְ
Shôwbâk
H7731
Shobach
Conj | N-proper
שַׂר
sar
H8269
ruler
N-ms
צְבָ֥א
tsâbâʼ
H6635
army
N-cs
הֲדַדְעֶ֖זֶר
Hădadʻezer
H1909
Hadadezer
N-proper
לִ/פְנֵי/הֶֽם
pânîym
H6440
face
Prep | N-cp | Suff
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — 2 Samuel 10:16
וַ/יִּשְׁלַ֣ח
shâlach
H7971
"to send"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
To send or depart is the meaning of this Hebrew word, which has various applications in the Bible. It can describe sending someone or something away, or letting something go.
Definition: : depart/send 1) to send, send away, let go, stretch out 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to send 1a2) to stretch out, extend, direct 1a3) to send away 1a4) to let loose 1b) (Niphal) to be sent 1c) (Piel) 1c1) to send off or away or out or forth, dismiss, give over, cast out 1c2) to let go, set free 1c3) to shoot forth (of branches) 1c4) to let down 1c5) to shoot 1d) (Pual) to be sent off, be put away, be divorced, be impelled 1e) (Hiphil) to send
Usage: Occurs in 790 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] any wise, appoint, bring (on the way), cast (away, out), conduct, [idiom] earnestly, forsake, give (up), grow long, lay, leave, let depart (down, go, loose), push away, put (away, forth, in, out), reach forth, send (away, forth, out), set, shoot (forth, out), sow, spread, stretch forth (out). See also: Genesis 3:22; Exodus 9:27; Joshua 14:11.
הֲדַדְעֶ֗זֶר
Hădadʻezer
H1909
"Hadadezer"
N-proper
Hadadezer was a Syrian king who ruled over Zobah, and his name means Hadad is help. He was defeated by David's army, as recorded in 2 Samuel 8:3, and was the son of Rehob.
Definition: A man of Zobah living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.8.3; son of: Rehob (H7340I) § Hadadezer = "Hadad is help" son of Rehob, a king of Syria-Zobah defeated by David's army
Usage: Occurs in 18 OT verses. KJV: Hadadezer. Compare H1928 (הֲדַרְעֶזֶר). See also: 2 Samuel 8:3; 1 Kings 11:23; 1 Chronicles 19:19.
וַ/יֹּצֵ֤א
yâtsâʼ
H3318
"to come out"
Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-3ms
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to go out or come out, and it's used in many different ways, like leaving a place or starting a new journey, as seen in Genesis and Exodus.
Definition: : come/go_out/escape 1) to go out, come out, exit, go forth 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to go or come out or forth, depart 1a2) to go forth (to a place) 1a3) to go forward, proceed to (to or toward something) 1a4) to come or go forth (with purpose or for result) 1a5) to come out of 1b) (Hiphil) 1b1) to cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out 1b2) to bring out of 1b3) to lead out 1b4) to deliver 1c) (Hophal) to be brought out or forth
Usage: Occurs in 991 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] after, appear, [idiom] assuredly, bear out, [idiom] begotten, break out, bring forth (out, up), carry out, come (abroad, out, thereat, without), [phrase] be condemned, depart(-ing, -ure), draw forth, in the end, escape, exact, fail, fall (out), fetch forth (out), get away (forth, hence, out), (able to, cause to, let) go abroad (forth, on, out), going out, grow, have forth (out), issue out, lay (lie) out, lead out, pluck out, proceed, pull out, put away, be risen, [idiom] scarce, send with commandment, shoot forth, spread, spring out, stand out, [idiom] still, [idiom] surely, take forth (out), at any time, [idiom] to (and fro), utter. See also: Genesis 1:12; Exodus 9:33; Leviticus 26:45.
אֶת
ʼêth
H853
"Obj."
DirObjM
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Definition: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
Usage: Occurs in 6782 OT verses. KJV: (as such unrepresented in English). See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 10:8; Genesis 19:21.
אֲרָם֙
ʼĂrâm
H758
"Aram"
N-proper
Aram refers to a region in the Bible, also known as Syria, and its people, the Arameans. The grandson of Nahor, an ancestor of Jesus, was also named Aram. The prophet Isaiah wrote about Aram and its relationship with Israel in Isaiah 7:1-9.
Definition: Aram or Arameans = "exalted" Aram or Syrian nation Another name of pad.dan (פַּדָּן "Paddan" H6307)
Usage: Occurs in 118 OT verses. KJV: Aram, Mesopotamia, Syria, Syrians. See also: Genesis 10:22; 2 Kings 8:28; Isaiah 7:1.
אֲשֶׁר֙
ʼăsher
H834
"which"
Rel
This Hebrew word is a conjunction that connects ideas and events in the Bible, like in the book of Genesis, where it's used to describe the relationship between God and His creation.
Definition: A: 1) (relative part.) 1a) which, who 1b) that which 2) (conj) 2a) that (in obj clause) 2b) when 2c) since 2d) as 2e) conditional if B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which 2) (adv) 2a) where 3) (conj) 3a) in that, inasmuch as 3b) on account of C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which 2) from (the place) where 3) from (the fact) that, since D: Kaph+ 1) (conj.), according as, as, when 1a) according to that which, according as, as 1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since 1c) with a temporal force: when
Usage: Occurs in 4440 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] after, [idiom] alike, as (soon as), because, [idiom] every, for, [phrase] forasmuch, [phrase] from whence, [phrase] how(-soever), [idiom] if, (so) that ((thing) which, wherein), [idiom] though, [phrase] until, [phrase] whatsoever, when, where ([phrase] -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, [phrase] whither(-soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun expletively, used to show the connection. See also: Genesis 1:7; Genesis 20:9; Genesis 31:16.
מֵ/עֵ֣בֶר
ʻêber
H5676
"side"
Prep | N-ms
This word describes a region or side, often referring to the area beyond or across a river, and can be used to describe a location, direction, or perspective.
Definition: : ahead/beyond 1) region beyond or across, side 1a) region across or beyond 1b) side, opposite side
Usage: Occurs in 83 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] against, beyond, by, [idiom] from, over, passage, quarter, (other, this) side, straight. See also: Genesis 50:10; Joshua 22:11; Isaiah 7:20.
הַ/נָּהָ֔ר
nâhâr
H5104
"river"
Art | N-ms
In the Bible, a river symbolizes prosperity, like the Nile or Euphrates, and is often used figuratively. It appears in Genesis and Exodus, describing the life-giving waters of the Promised Land. This word is also used to describe underground streams.
Definition: 1) stream, river 1a) stream, river 1b) (underground) streams Aramaic equivalent: ne.har (נְהַר "river" H5103H)
Usage: Occurs in 108 OT verses. KJV: flood, river. See also: Genesis 2:10; Psalms 93:3; Psalms 24:2.
וַ/יָּבֹ֖אוּ
bôwʼ
H935
"Lebo"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp
This verb means to go or come, and is used in many contexts, such as entering a place or approaching someone, as seen in the book of Genesis. It can also mean to abide or apply, and is translated in various ways in the KJV Bible. This term is related to the name Lebo Hamath.
Definition: A shortened name of Lebo Hamath complined withcha.mat (חֲמָת "Hamath" H2574) This name means to go in, enter
Usage: Occurs in 2307 OT verses. KJV: abide, apply, attain, [idiom] be, befall, [phrase] besiege, bring (forth, in, into, to pass), call, carry, [idiom] certainly, (cause, let, thing for) to come (against, in, out, upon, to pass), depart, [idiom] doubtless again, [phrase] eat, [phrase] employ, (cause to) enter (in, into, -tering, -trance, -try), be fallen, fetch, [phrase] follow, get, give, go (down, in, to war), grant, [phrase] have, [idiom] indeed, (in-) vade, lead, lift (up), mention, pull in, put, resort, run (down), send, set, [idiom] (well) stricken (in age), [idiom] surely, take (in), way. See also: Genesis 2:19; Genesis 32:7; Exodus 1:19.
חֵילָ֑ם
Chêylâm
H2431
"Helam"
N-proper
Helam refers to a place east of Palestine where David defeated the Syrians. It means stronghold and is found in 2 Samuel 10:16-17. The area is near the Jordan River.
Definition: § Helam = "stronghold" a place east of the Jordan, west of the Euphrates, in Gilead, at which the Syrians under Hadarezer were defeated by David
Usage: Occurs in 2 OT verses. KJV: Helam. See also: 2 Samuel 10:16; 2 Samuel 10:17.
וְ/שׁוֹבַ֛ךְ
Shôwbâk
H7731
"Shobach"
Conj | N-proper
Shobach was a Syrian general who worked for King Hadarezer of Zoba during the time of King David. He is mentioned in 2 Samuel and 1 Chronicles. Shobach led the Syrian army in battle against the Israelites.
Definition: A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.10.16; also called Shophach (NIV: Shophak) at 1Ch.19.16,18; Also named: sho.phakh (שׁוֹפָךְ "Shophach" H7780) § Shobach = "expansion" general of king Hadarezer of the Syrians of Zoba in the time of David
Usage: Occurs in 2 OT verses. KJV: Shobach. See also: 2 Samuel 10:16; 2 Samuel 10:18.
שַׂר
sar
H8269
"ruler"
N-ms
A leader or person in charge, like a prince or captain, as seen in the Bible with King David and other rulers.
Definition: 1) prince, ruler, leader, chief, chieftain, official, captain 1a) chieftain, leader 1b) vassal, noble, official (under king) 1c) captain, general, commander (military) 1d) chief, head, overseer (of other official classes) 1e) heads, princes (of religious office) 1f) elders (of representative leaders of people) 1g) merchant-princes (of rank and dignity) 1h) patron-angel 1i) Ruler of rulers (of God) 1j) warden
Usage: Occurs in 368 OT verses. KJV: captain (that had rule), chief (captain), general, governor, keeper, lord,(-task-)master, prince(-ipal), ruler, steward. See also: Genesis 12:15; 1 Kings 22:32; 2 Chronicles 32:21.
צְבָ֥א
tsâbâʼ
H6635
"army"
N-cs
This Hebrew word means a large group of people or things, often referring to an army or a campaign, and is also used to describe the Lord's hosts. It appears in the Bible as a name for God, emphasizing His power and authority. In the KJV, it's translated as 'host' or 'army'.
Definition: : army 1) that which goes forth, army, war, warfare, host 1a) army, host 1a1) host (of organised army) 1a2) host (of angels) 1a3) of sun, moon, and stars 1a4) of whole creation 1b) war, warfare, service, go out to war 1c) service
Usage: Occurs in 463 OT verses. KJV: appointed time, ([phrase]) army, ([phrase]) battle, company, host, service, soldiers, waiting upon, war(-fare). See also: Genesis 2:1; 1 Samuel 17:55; Psalms 24:10.
הֲדַדְעֶ֖זֶר
Hădadʻezer
H1909
"Hadadezer"
N-proper
Hadadezer was a Syrian king who ruled over Zobah, and his name means Hadad is help. He was defeated by David's army, as recorded in 2 Samuel 8:3, and was the son of Rehob.
Definition: A man of Zobah living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.8.3; son of: Rehob (H7340I) § Hadadezer = "Hadad is help" son of Rehob, a king of Syria-Zobah defeated by David's army
Usage: Occurs in 18 OT verses. KJV: Hadadezer. Compare H1928 (הֲדַרְעֶזֶר). See also: 2 Samuel 8:3; 1 Kings 11:23; 1 Chronicles 19:19.
לִ/פְנֵי/הֶֽם
pânîym
H6440
"face"
Prep | N-cp | Suff
This word means face or presence, like being in front of someone or something. It's used in many contexts, like in Genesis, Exodus, and Psalms, to describe interactions and relationships.
Definition: : face 1) face 1a) face, faces 1b) presence, person 1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim) 1d) face (of animals) 1e) face, surface (of ground) 1f) as adv of loc/temp 1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before 1g) with prep 1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from before the face of
Usage: Occurs in 1891 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] accept, a-(be-) fore(-time), against, anger, [idiom] as (long as), at, [phrase] battle, [phrase] because (of), [phrase] beseech, countenance, edge, [phrase] employ, endure, [phrase] enquire, face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-part), form(-er time, -ward), from, front, heaviness, [idiom] him(-self), [phrase] honourable, [phrase] impudent, [phrase] in, it, look(-eth) (-s), [idiom] me, [phrase] meet, [idiom] more than, mouth, of, off, (of) old (time), [idiom] on, open, [phrase] out of, over against, the partial, person, [phrase] please, presence, propect, was purposed, by reason of, [phrase] regard, right forth, [phrase] serve, [idiom] shewbread, sight, state, straight, [phrase] street, [idiom] thee, [idiom] them(-selves), through ([phrase] -out), till, time(-s) past, (un-) to(-ward), [phrase] upon, upside ([phrase] down), with(-in, [phrase] -stand), [idiom] ye, [idiom] you. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 43:31; Exodus 30:16.
Study Notes — 2 Samuel 10:16
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- 2 Samuel 10:16 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on 2 Samuel 10:16
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Samuel 10:16
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on 2 Samuel 10:16
- Trapp's Commentary on 2 Samuel 10:16
- Ellicott's Commentary on 2 Samuel 10:16
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on 2 Samuel 10:16
- Cambridge Bible on 2 Samuel 10:16
- Barnes' Notes on 2 Samuel 10:16
- Whedon's Commentary on 2 Samuel 10:16
Context — David Defeats Ammon and Aram
14When the Ammonites saw that the Arameans had fled, they too fled before Abishai, and they entered the city. So Joab returned from fighting against the Ammonites and came to Jerusalem.
15When the Arameans saw that they had been defeated by Israel, they regrouped.
16Hadadezer sent messengers to bring more Arameans from beyond the Euphrates, and they came to Helam with Shobach the commander of Hadadezer’s army leading them.
17When this was reported to David, he gathered all Israel, crossed the Jordan, and went to Helam. Then the Arameans arrayed themselves against David and fought against him. 18But the Arameans fled before Israel, and David killed seven hundred charioteers and forty thousand foot soldiers. He also struck down Shobach the commander of their army, who died there.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Chronicles 19:16 | When the Arameans saw that they had been defeated by Israel, they sent messengers to bring more Arameans from beyond the Euphrates, with Shophach the commander of Hadadezer’s army leading them. |
| 2 | 2 Samuel 8:3–8 | David also defeated Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, who had marched out to restore his dominion along the Euphrates River. David captured from him a thousand chariots, seven thousand charioteers, and twenty thousand foot soldiers, and he hamstrung all the horses except a hundred he kept for the chariots. When the Arameans of Damascus came to help King Hadadezer of Zobah, David struck down twenty-two thousand men. Then he placed garrisons in Aram of Damascus, and the Arameans became subject to David and brought him tribute. So the LORD made David victorious wherever he went. And David took the gold shields that belonged to the officers of Hadadezer and brought them to Jerusalem. And from Betah and Berothai, cities of Hadadezer, King David took a large amount of bronze. |
| 3 | 1 Chronicles 18:3 | As far as Hamath, David also defeated King Hadadezer of Zobah, who had marched out to establish his dominion along the Euphrates River. |
| 4 | 1 Chronicles 18:5 | When the Arameans of Damascus came to help King Hadadezer of Zobah, David struck down twenty-two thousand men. |
2 Samuel 10:16 Summary
[This verse tells us that Hadadezer, the king of the Arameans, sent for more soldiers to come and help him fight against Israel. He wanted to be strong and defeat the Israelites, but he didn't realize that God was on their side, as seen in 2 Samuel 10:15. Just like Hadadezer, we often try to rely on our own strength and power, but true strength comes from trusting in God, as seen in Psalm 28:7. By trusting in God, we can have peace and confidence, even in difficult situations, just as David did in 2 Samuel 10:17.]
Frequently Asked Questions
Who was Hadadezer and why did he send for more Arameans?
Hadadezer was a king of the Arameans, and he sent for more Arameans from beyond the Euphrates because he wanted to strengthen his army after being defeated by Israel, as seen in 2 Samuel 10:15. This shows his determination to resist the Israelites.
What is the significance of the Euphrates river in this context?
The Euphrates river marked the eastern boundary of the Aramean kingdom, and Hadadezer sending for more Arameans from beyond the Euphrates indicates that he was gathering all available forces to fight against Israel, much like in 1 Kings 4:24 where Solomon's kingdom stretched to the Euphrates.
Who was Shobach and what was his role in the army?
Shobach was the commander of Hadadezer's army, and he led the newly arrived Arameans to Helam, as mentioned in 2 Samuel 10:16. His leadership role is also seen in 2 Samuel 10:18 where he is killed by David.
What can we learn from Hadadezer's actions in this verse?
Hadadezer's actions show us the importance of perseverance and seeking help in times of need, as seen in 2 Samuel 10:16. However, his reliance on his own strength rather than trusting in God ultimately led to his downfall, as seen in Proverbs 21:31.
Reflection Questions
- What are some areas in my life where I am relying on my own strength rather than trusting in God, and how can I surrender them to Him?
- How can I, like David, trust in God's power and provision in the face of overwhelming odds, as seen in 2 Samuel 10:17?
- What are some ways I can be a part of gathering and strengthening the body of Christ, just as Hadadezer gathered his army, but with a focus on spiritual growth and unity?
- In what ways can I learn from Hadadezer's mistakes and instead seek God's guidance and wisdom in my decision-making, as encouraged in Proverbs 3:5-6?
Gill's Exposition on 2 Samuel 10:16
And Hadarezer sent,.... The same with Hadadezer, 2 Samuel 8:3, who was at the head of this confederacy, and to whom the rest of the kings of Syria were servants, 2 Samuel 10:19; and brought out the
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Samuel 10:16
And Hadarezer sent, and brought out the Syrians that were beyond the river: and they came to Helam; and Shobach the captain of the host of Hadarezer went before them.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on 2 Samuel 10:16
Hadarezer; the same with Hadadezer, . The Syrians that were beyond the river; who having engaged themselves in the former expedition, as was noted before, were now obliged to proceed in their own defence, being also persuaded and hired to this second expedition, . Shobach, or Shopach, .
Trapp's Commentary on 2 Samuel 10:16
2 Samuel 10:16 And Hadarezer sent, and brought out the Syrians that [were] beyond the river: and they came to Helam; and Shobach the captain of the host of Hadarezer [went] before them.Ver. 16. And Hadarezar sent.] He is elsewhere called Hadadezar: Daleth and Resh ( ã and ø) being letters very like one to another. Hence some collect probably that the Hebrew letters had the same figure of old as now they have, and therefore were not the same with the Samaritan charactars. The Samaritan Jod is one of the largest; but the Hebrew Jod is one of the least letters, whence that of our Saviour. And they came to Helam.] A place nowhere else mentioned in Scripture. Perhaps it was the same town of the Arabes Trachonitae, which Ptolemy calleth Alamtha. Junius.
Ellicott's Commentary on 2 Samuel 10:16
(16) Hadarezer.—On the form of the name see Note on 2 Samuel 8:3. He felt the importance of the defeat he had sustained, and now evidently made an effort to rally all his forces, even calling together vassal tribes from beyond the Euphrates. They came to Helam.—The Hebrew word here is not necessarily a proper name, and might be translated their host; but as the name unquestionably occurs in 2 Samuel 10:17, it is better taken as a proper name here also. It is entirely omitted in Chronicles. Its exact situation is unknown, but from 2 Samuel 8:3; 1 Chronicles 18:3, it is plain that it was in the general direction of the Euphrates and not very far from Hamath.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on 2 Samuel 10:16
Verse 16. The Syrians that were beyond the river] That is, the Euphrates. Hadarezer] This is the same that was overthrown by David, 2 Samuel 8:3 and there called Hadadezer; which is the reading here of about thirty of Kennicott's and De Rossi's MSS. But the ר resh and ד daleth are easily interchanged.
Cambridge Bible on 2 Samuel 10:16
15–19. Renewed attack of the Syrians. Their total defeat 16. And Hadarezer sent, &c.] The correct form of his name is probably Hadadezer. See note on ch. 2 Samuel 8:3. He now mustered his vassals and tributaries (2 Samuel 10:19) from beyond “the river,” i.e. the Euphrates. “Brought out” = caused to take the field: it is the causative voice of the verb “to go out,” which is the technical term for going out to war (1 Samuel 8:20; 2 Samuel 11:1). and they came to Helam] The words might be translated and their force came; but on the whole it is preferable to take Helam as a proper name, as in 2 Samuel 10:17. It has been proposed to identify it with Alamata, a town west of the Euphrates, but it is nowhere else mentioned, and its site is quite uncertain. This clause is omitted in Chronicles, where also in place of and came to Helam in the next verse we read and came upon them, so that the name of the place is altogether omitted there.
Barnes' Notes on 2 Samuel 10:16
Helam - The place is unknown. Some prefer the translation of the Latin Vulgate: “their host came.”
Whedon's Commentary on 2 Samuel 10:16
16. Brought out the Syrians… beyond the river — By which act he seems to have lost his dominion in that border. See 2 Samuel 8:3.