2 Samuel 20:24
2 Samuel 20:24 in Multiple Translations
Adoram was in charge of the forced labor; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder;
And Adoram was over the tribute: and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder:
and Adoram was over the men subject to taskwork; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was the recorder;
And Adoram was overseer of the forced work; and Jehoshaphat, the son of Ahilud, was the recorder;
Adoniram was in charge of the labor force. Jehoshaphat, son of Ahilud, kept the official records.
And Adoram ouer the tribute, and Ioshaphat the sonne of Ahilud the recorder,
and Adoram [is] over the tribute, and Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud [is] the remembrancer,
Adoram was over the men subject to forced labor, Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was the recorder,
And Adoram was over the tribute: and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder:
But Aduram over the tributes: and Josaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder.
Adoram supervised the men who were forced to work for the king; Ahilud’s son Jehoshaphat was the man who reported to the people everything that David decided;
Berean Amplified Bible — 2 Samuel 20:24
BAB
Word Study
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2 Samuel 20:24 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וַ/אֲדֹרָ֖ם
עַל
הַ/מַּ֑ס
וִ/יהוֹשָׁפָ֥ט
בֶּן
אֲחִיל֖וּד
הַ/מַּזְכִּֽיר
וַ/אֲדֹרָ֖ם
ʼĂdôrâm
H151
Adoram
Conj | N-proper
עַל
ʻal
H5921
upon
Prep
הַ/מַּ֑ס
maç
H4522
taskworker
Art | N-ms
וִ/יהוֹשָׁפָ֥ט
Yᵉhôwshâphâṭ
H3092
Jehoshaphat
Conj | N-proper
בֶּן
bên
H1121
son
N-ms
אֲחִיל֖וּד
ʼĂchîylûwd
H286
Ahilud
N-proper
הַ/מַּזְכִּֽיר
zâkar
H2142
to remember
Art | V-Hiphil
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — 2 Samuel 20:24
וַ/אֲדֹרָ֖ם
ʼĂdôrâm
H151
"Adoram"
Conj | N-proper
Adoram was an Israelite officer who lived during the United Monarchy period, first mentioned in 2 Samuel 20:24. He served under King David and later Rehoboam, playing important roles in their administrations. Adoram's name means my lord is exalted.
Definition: A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.20.24; son of: Abda (H5653); also called Adoniram at 1Ki.4.6; 5.14; Hadoram at 2Ch.10.18; § Adoram = "my lord is exalted" 1) an officer of David 2) an officer of Rehoboam
Usage: Occurs in 2 OT verses. KJV: Adoram. See also: 2 Samuel 20:24; 1 Kings 12:18.
עַל
ʻal
H5921
"upon"
Prep
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Definition: prep 1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against 1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards 1b) above, beyond, over (of excess) 1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence) 1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition) 1e) over (of suspension or extension) 1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity) 1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion) 1h) to (as a dative)
Usage: Occurs in 4493 OT verses. KJV: above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 24:13; Genesis 41:33.
הַ/מַּ֑ס
maç
H4522
"taskworker"
Art | N-ms
A taskworker is someone forced to perform labor as a form of tax or tribute. This practice involved gangs of laborers working under the supervision of taskmasters, often in a state of serfdom or slavery. It is mentioned in the Bible as a burden imposed on people.
Definition: 1) gang or body of forced labourers, task-workers, labour band or gang, forced service, task-work, serfdom, tributary, tribute, levy, taskmasters, discomfited 1a) labour-band, labour-gang, slave gang 1b) gang-overseers 1c) forced service, serfdom, tribute, enforced payment
Usage: Occurs in 22 OT verses. KJV: discomfited, levy, task(-master), tribute(-tary). See also: Genesis 49:15; 1 Kings 5:27; Proverbs 12:24.
וִ/יהוֹשָׁפָ֥ט
Yᵉhôwshâphâṭ
H3092
"Jehoshaphat"
Conj | N-proper
Jehoshaphat was a king of Judah who ruled for 25 years and was known for his piety and prosperity. His name means Jehovah has judged, and he is mentioned in 2 Kings 9:2 as the son of King Asa. He was one of the best kings of Judah in the Bible.
Definition: A man of the Kingdom of Israel, living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Ki.9.2; son of: Nimshi (H5250); father of: Jehu (H3058H) § Jehoshaphat = "Jehovah has judged" 1) son of king Asa and himself king of Judah for 25 years; one of the best, most pious, and prosperous kings of Judah 2) son of Nimshi and father of king Jehu of the northern kingdom of Israel 3) son of Ahilud and chronicler under David and Solomon 4) son of Paruah and one of the 12 commissary officers under Solomon 5) a priest and trumpeter in the time of David 6) symbolical name of a valley near Jerusalem which is the place of ultimate judgment; maybe the deep ravine which separates Jerusalem from the Mount of Olives through which the Kidron flowed
Usage: Occurs in 75 OT verses. KJV: Jehoshaphat. Compare H3146 (יוֹשָׁפָט). See also: 2 Samuel 8:16; 2 Chronicles 17:5; Joel 4:12.
בֶּן
bên
H1121
"son"
N-ms
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Definition: : child/son
Usage: Occurs in 3653 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth. See also: Genesis 3:16; Genesis 23:3; Genesis 34:18.
אֲחִיל֖וּד
ʼĂchîylûwd
H286
"Ahilud"
N-proper
Ahilud was an Israelite living during King David's time, and his sons included Jehoshaphat, a recorder, and Baana, an officer of Solomon. His name means child's brother. Ahilud is mentioned in 2 Samuel 8:16.
Definition: A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.8.16; father of: Jehoshaphat (H3092), Baana (H1195) § Ahilud = "child's brother" 1) father of Jehoshaphat, David's recorder 2) father of Baana, an officer of Solomon
Usage: Occurs in 5 OT verses. KJV: Ahilud. See also: 2 Samuel 8:16; 1 Kings 4:3; 1 Chronicles 18:15.
הַ/מַּזְכִּֽיר
zâkar
H2142
"to remember"
Art | V-Hiphil
To remember means to recall or mark something, like God remembering his covenant with Abraham in Genesis 9:1 and Exodus 2:24.
Definition: 1) to remember, recall, call to mind 1a) (Qal) to remember, recall 1b) (Niphal) to be brought to remembrance, be remembered, be thought of, be brought to mind 1c) (Hiphil) 1c1) to cause to remember, remind 1c2) to cause to be remembered, keep in remembrance 1c3) to mention 1c4) to record 1c5) to make a memorial, make remembrance
Usage: Occurs in 223 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] burn (incense), [idiom] earnestly, be male, (make) mention (of), be mindful, recount, record(-er), remember, make to be remembered, bring (call, come, keep, put) to (in) remembrance, [idiom] still, think on, [idiom] well. See also: Genesis 8:1; Psalms 74:2; Psalms 8:5.
Study Notes — 2 Samuel 20:24
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- 2 Samuel 20:24 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on 2 Samuel 20:24
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on 2 Samuel 20:24
- Trapp's Commentary on 2 Samuel 20:24
- Ellicott's Commentary on 2 Samuel 20:24
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on 2 Samuel 20:24
- Cambridge Bible on 2 Samuel 20:24
- Barnes' Notes on 2 Samuel 20:24
- Whedon's Commentary on 2 Samuel 20:24
Context — Sheba’s Rebellion
22Then the woman went to all the people with her wise counsel, and they cut off the head of Sheba son of Bichri and threw it to Joab. So he blew the ram’s horn and his men dispersed from the city, each to his own home. And Joab returned to the king in Jerusalem.
23Now Joab was over the whole army of Israel; Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and Pelethites;
24Adoram was in charge of the forced labor; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder;
25Sheva was the scribe; Zadok and Abiathar were priests; 26and Ira the Jairite was David’s priest.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Kings 4:3 | Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, were secretaries; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder; |
| 2 | 1 Kings 12:18 | Then King Rehoboam sent out Adoram, who was in charge of the forced labor, but all Israel stoned him to death. And King Rehoboam mounted his chariot in haste and escaped to Jerusalem. |
| 3 | 1 Kings 4:6 | Ahishar was in charge of the palace; and Adoniram son of Abda was in charge of the forced labor. |
2 Samuel 20:24 Summary
In 2 Samuel 20:24, we see King David's organization of his administration, with Adoram in charge of forced labor and Jehoshaphat as the recorder. This shows us the importance of having the right people in the right roles, just like in the church, as seen in 1 Corinthians 12:28. We can learn from this example by prioritizing organization and leadership in our own lives, just as God values order and structure, as seen in 1 Corinthians 14:40. By doing so, we can better serve God and others, just as Adoram and Jehoshaphat served King David.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does it mean for Adoram to be in charge of the forced labor in 2 Samuel 20:24?
Being in charge of the forced labor means Adoram was responsible for overseeing the people who were required to work on projects for the king, as seen in Solomon's later reign in 1 Kings 5:13-14 and 1 Kings 9:20-21.
What role did Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud have as the recorder in 2 Samuel 20:24?
As the recorder, Jehoshaphat was likely responsible for keeping official records and histories, similar to the role of the scribe in 2 Kings 12:10, which would have been important for the administration of the kingdom.
How does this verse fit into the overall structure of 2 Samuel?
This verse is part of a larger section in 2 Samuel 20:23-26 that lists the key officials in King David's administration, highlighting the organization and leadership of Israel during his reign, which is also seen in 2 Samuel 8:15-18.
What can we learn from the way King David organized his administration in 2 Samuel 20:24?
We can learn about the importance of leadership, organization, and delegation, as seen in other biblical examples like Moses in Exodus 18:13-27, where effective leadership and administration are crucial for the success of God's people.
Reflection Questions
- What does this verse reveal about the importance of organization and leadership in our own lives and communities?
- How can we, like King David, prioritize effective administration and delegation in our personal and professional lives?
- What role do record-keeping and history play in our understanding of God's work in the world, and how can we apply this to our own lives?
- In what ways can we learn from the examples of Adoram and Jehoshaphat in their respective roles, and how can we apply these lessons to our own vocations?
Gill's Exposition on 2 Samuel 20:24
And Adoram [was] over the tribute,.... Or over those that collected and brought it, as the Targum; this was a new office, and which respected both the revenue he received from his own people, and the
Matthew Poole's Commentary on 2 Samuel 20:24
Over the tribute; the receiver and manager of the king’ s public revenue. See Poole on "". Jehoshaphat was recorder: See Poole on "".
Trapp's Commentary on 2 Samuel 20:24
2 Samuel 20:24 And Adoram [was] over the tribute: and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud [was] recorder:Ver. 24. And Adoram was over the tribute.] All was as before, David being fully reestablished; save that this Adoram praeerat pecuniae recipiendae, was treasurer for the tribute, which came in from those many nations, since subdued by David.
Ellicott's Commentary on 2 Samuel 20:24
(24) Adoram was over the tribute.—The same office was held by Adoniram in Solomon’s reign (1 Kings 4:6; 1 Kings 5:14), and by Adoram at the beginning of the reign of his successor (1 Kings 12:18). Áll those may have been the same person, or at least of the same family. “The tribute” should rather be the levy, the forced labour so largely employed by Solomon. It is remarkable that there is no trace of such an office in 2 Samuel 8:16-18, nor in the parallel (1 Chronicles 18:14-17). It was a feature of Oriental despotism only introduced towards the close of David’s reign, and carried to much greater length under Solomon.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on 2 Samuel 20:24
Verse 24. Adoram was over the tribute] Probably the chief receiver of the taxes; or Chancellor of the Exchequer, as we term it. Jehoshaphat - recorder] The registrar of public events.
Cambridge Bible on 2 Samuel 20:24
24. Adoram] Perhaps the same as Adoniram (1 Kings 4:6; 1 Kings 5:14), who held the office in Solomon’s reign, and Adoram, who held it at the beginning of Rehoboam’s reign (1 Kings 12:18), but possibly three persons of the same family, who succeeded one another in the office, are meant. The Sept. reads Adoniram here. over the tribute] Better over the levy (1 Kings 4:6 marg., 2 Samuel 5:14); superintendent of the forced levies employed in public works. Adoram was stoned to death by the people in the rebellion at the beginning of Rehoboam’s reign, as the representative of the hated system of forced labour which had oppressed the people beyond all endurance in Solomon’s reign (1 Kings 12:4). The appearance of this new officer in the closing years of David’s reign is most significant of the vast change which had taken place in the character of his rule.
Barnes' Notes on 2 Samuel 20:24
Adoram - Not mentioned before by name or office. Apparently, therefore, the office was not instituted until the latter part of David’s reign, and its duties probably were the collection of the
Whedon's Commentary on 2 Samuel 20:24
24. Adoram — Called also Adoniram and Hadoram, 1 Kings 4:6; 2 Chronicles 10:18.