Deuteronomy 10:18
Deuteronomy 10:18 in Multiple Translations
He executes justice for the fatherless and widow, and He loves the foreigner, giving him food and clothing.
He doth execute the judgment of the fatherless and widow, and loveth the stranger, in giving him food and raiment.
He doth execute justice for the fatherless and widow, and loveth the sojourner, in giving him food and raiment.
Judging uprightly in the cause of the widow and of the child who has no father, and giving food and clothing in his mercy to the man from a strange country.
He makes sure that orphans and widows receive justice, and he loves the foreigners, providing them with food and clothing.
Who doeth right vnto the fatherlesse and widowe, and loueth the stranger, giuing him foode and rayment.
He is doing the judgment of fatherless and widow, and loving the sojourner, to give to him bread and raiment.
He executes justice for the fatherless and widow and loves the foreigner in giving him food and clothing.
He executeth the judgment of the fatherless and widow, and loveth the stranger, in giving him food and raiment.
He doth judgment to the fatherless and the widow, loveth the stranger, and giveth him food and raiment.
He makes sure that orphans and widows are treated fairly. He loves even ◄foreigners/people from other countries► who live among us Israeli people, and he gives them food and clothes.
Berean Amplified Bible — Deuteronomy 10:18
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Deuteronomy 10:18 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
עֹשֶׂ֛ה
מִשְׁפַּ֥ט
יָת֖וֹם
וְ/אַלְמָנָ֑ה
וְ/אֹהֵ֣ב
גֵּ֔ר
לָ֥/תֶת
ל֖/וֹ
לֶ֥חֶם
וְ/שִׂמְלָֽה
עֹשֶׂ֛ה
ʻâsâh
H6213
to make
V-Qal
מִשְׁפַּ֥ט
mishpâṭ
H4941
justice
N-ms
יָת֖וֹם
yâthôwm
H3490
orphan
N-ms
וְ/אַלְמָנָ֑ה
ʼalmânâh
H490
widow
Conj | N-fs
וְ/אֹהֵ֣ב
ʼâhab
H157
to love
Conj | V-Qal
גֵּ֔ר
gêr
H1616
sojourner
N-ms
לָ֥/תֶת
nâthan
H5414
to give
Prep | V-Qal-Inf-a
ל֖/וֹ
Prep | Suff
לֶ֥חֶם
lechem
H3899
food
N-cs
וְ/שִׂמְלָֽה
simlâh
H8071
mantle
Conj | N-fs
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Deuteronomy 10:18
עֹשֶׂ֛ה
ʻâsâh
H6213
"to make"
V-Qal
This verb means to make or do something, and is used over 2,600 times in the Bible. It is first used in Genesis 1:7 to describe God's creation of the world and is also used in Exodus 31:5 to describe the work of skilled craftsmen.
Definition: : make(OBJECT) 1) to do, fashion, accomplish, make 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to do, work, make, produce 1a1a) to do 1a1b) to work 1a1c) to deal (with) 1a1d) to act, act with effect, effect 1a2) to make 1a2a) to make 1a2b) to produce 1a2c) to prepare 1a2d) to make (an offering) 1a2e) to attend to, put in order 1a2f) to observe, celebrate 1a2g) to acquire (property) 1a2h) to appoint, ordain, institute 1a2i) to bring about 1a2j) to use 1a2k) to spend, pass 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be done 1b2) to be made 1b3) to be produced 1b4) to be offered 1b5) to be observed 1b6) to be used 1c) (Pual) to be made
Usage: Occurs in 2286 OT verses. KJV: accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, [idiom] certainly, have the charge of, commit, deal (with), deck, [phrase] displease, do, (ready) dress(-ed), (put in) execute(-ion), exercise, fashion, [phrase] feast, (fight-) ing man, [phrase] finish, fit, fly, follow, fulfill, furnish, gather, get, go about, govern, grant, great, [phrase] hinder, hold (a feast), [idiom] indeed, [phrase] be industrious, [phrase] journey, keep, labour, maintain, make, be meet, observe, be occupied, offer, [phrase] officer, pare, bring (come) to pass, perform, pracise, prepare, procure, provide, put, requite, [idiom] sacrifice, serve, set, shew, [idiom] sin, spend, [idiom] surely, take, [idiom] thoroughly, trim, [idiom] very, [phrase] vex, be (warr-) ior, work(-man), yield, use. See also: Genesis 1:7; Genesis 34:19; Exodus 18:24.
מִשְׁפַּ֥ט
mishpâṭ
H4941
"justice"
N-ms
Mishpat means justice or judgment, and is often used to describe God's righteous judgment, as well as human laws and decisions, in books like Deuteronomy and Isaiah.
Definition: : judgement/punishment 1) judgment, justice, ordinance 1a) judgment 1a1) act of deciding a case 1a2) place, court, seat of judgment 1a3) process, procedure, litigation (before judges) 1a4) case, cause (presented for judgment) 1a5) sentence, decision (of judgment) 1a6) execution (of judgment) 1a7) time (of judgment) 1b) justice, right, rectitude (attributes of God or man) 1c) ordinance 1d) decision (in law) 1e) right, privilege, due (legal) 1f) proper, fitting, measure, fitness, custom, manner, plan
Usage: Occurs in 406 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] adversary, ceremony, charge, [idiom] crime, custom, desert, determination, discretion, disposing, due, fashion, form, to be judged, judgment, just(-ice, -ly), (manner of) law(-ful), manner, measure, (due) order, ordinance, right, sentence, usest, [idiom] worthy, [phrase] wrong. See also: Genesis 18:19; 1 Kings 2:3; Psalms 1:5.
יָת֖וֹם
yâthôwm
H3490
"orphan"
N-ms
This Hebrew word refers to an orphan or a child without a father, like in Exodus where God commands the Israelites to care for the fatherless.
Definition: an orphan, fatherless
Usage: Occurs in 42 OT verses. KJV: fatherless (child), orphan. See also: Exodus 22:21; Psalms 10:18; Psalms 10:14.
וְ/אַלְמָנָ֑ה
ʼalmânâh
H490
"widow"
Conj | N-fs
A widow is a woman whose husband has died, often left alone and vulnerable. The Bible teaches care and compassion for widows, as seen in the stories of Ruth and Naomi. God commands his people to look out for them.
Definition: widow
Usage: Occurs in 54 OT verses. KJV: desolate house (palace), widow. See also: Genesis 38:11; Job 29:13; Psalms 68:6.
וְ/אֹהֵ֣ב
ʼâhab
H157
"to love"
Conj | V-Qal
To love means to have affection for someone or something, including family, romance, or God. It can also describe being a friend or having appetite for things like food or wisdom.
Definition: : lover 1) to love 1a) (Qal) 1a1) human love for another, includes family, and sexual 1a2) human appetite for objects such as food, drink, sleep, wisdom 1a3) human love for or to God 1a4) act of being a friend 1a4a) lover (participle) 1a4b) friend (participle) 1a5) God's love toward man 1a5a) to individual men 1a5b) to people Israel 1a5c) to righteousness 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) lovely (participle) 1b2) loveable (participle) 1c) (Piel) 1c1) friends 1c2) lovers (fig. of adulterers) 2) to like Also means: a.hav (אָהֵב ": friend" H0157H)
Usage: Occurs in 195 OT verses. KJV: (be-) love(-d, -ly, -r), like, friend. See also: Genesis 22:2; Psalms 116:1; Psalms 4:3.
גֵּ֔ר
gêr
H1616
"sojourner"
N-ms
A sojourner is a foreigner or temporary resident, lacking inherited rights, but often given concessions in Israel. This term appears in the Bible to describe outsiders living among God's people.
Definition: 1) sojourner 1a) a temporary inhabitant, a newcomer lacking inherited rights 1b) of foreigners in Israel, though conceded rights
Usage: Occurs in 83 OT verses. KJV: alien, sojourner, stranger. See also: Genesis 15:13; Deuteronomy 10:19; Psalms 39:13.
לָ֥/תֶת
nâthan
H5414
"to give"
Prep | V-Qal-Inf-a
This word means to give, put, or set something, with a wide range of applications. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus, describing God's actions and human interactions. The word is used to convey giving, selling, or exchanging something.
Definition: : give/deliver/send/produce 1) to give, put, set 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to give, bestow, grant, permit, ascribe, employ, devote, consecrate, dedicate, pay wages, sell, exchange, lend, commit, entrust, give over, deliver up, yield produce, occasion, produce, requite to, report, mention, utter, stretch out, extend 1a2) to put, set, put on, put upon, set, appoint, assign, designate 1a3) to make, constitute 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be given, be bestowed, be provided, be entrusted to, be granted to, be permitted, be issued, be published, be uttered, be assigned 1b2) to be set, be put, be made, be inflicted 1c) (Hophal) 1c1) to be given, be bestowed, be given up, be delivered up 1c2) to be put upon
Usage: Occurs in 1816 OT verses. KJV: add, apply, appoint, ascribe, assign, [idiom] avenge, [idiom] be (healed), bestow, bring (forth, hither), cast, cause, charge, come, commit, consider, count, [phrase] cry, deliver (up), direct, distribute, do, [idiom] doubtless, [idiom] without fail, fasten, frame, [idiom] get, give (forth, over, up), grant, hang (up), [idiom] have, [idiom] indeed, lay (unto charge, up), (give) leave, lend, let (out), [phrase] lie, lift up, make, [phrase] O that, occupy, offer, ordain, pay, perform, place, pour, print, [idiom] pull, put (forth), recompense, render, requite, restore, send (out), set (forth), shew, shoot forth (up), [phrase] sing, [phrase] slander, strike, (sub-) mit, suffer, [idiom] surely, [idiom] take, thrust, trade, turn, utter, [phrase] weep, [phrase] willingly, [phrase] withdraw, [phrase] would (to) God, yield. See also: Genesis 1:17; Genesis 40:21; Exodus 30:12.
ל֖/וֹ
""
Prep | Suff
לֶ֥חֶם
lechem
H3899
"food"
N-cs
This Hebrew word refers to food, especially bread or grain. It's used throughout the Bible to describe meals, sacrifices, and daily life, highlighting the importance of food in ancient Israelite culture.
Definition: : food(eating) 1) bread, food, grain 1a) bread 1a1) bread 1a2) bread-corn 1b) food (in general)
Usage: Occurs in 277 OT verses. KJV: (shew-) bread, [idiom] eat, food, fruit, loaf, meat, victuals. See also: Genesis 3:19; 1 Samuel 20:34; Psalms 14:4.
וְ/שִׂמְלָֽה
simlâh
H8071
"mantle"
Conj | N-fs
A mantle or dress, like a cloak, is what 'simlah' refers to in the Bible, often translated as 'apparel' or 'garment'.
Definition: wrapper, mantle, covering garment, garments, clothes, raiment, a cloth
Usage: Occurs in 28 OT verses. KJV: apparel, cloth(-es, -ing), garment, raiment. Compare H8008 (שַׂלְמָה). See also: Genesis 9:23; Deuteronomy 21:13; Proverbs 30:4.
Study Notes — Deuteronomy 10:18
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Deuteronomy 10:18 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Deuteronomy 10:18
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Deuteronomy 10:18
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Deuteronomy 10:18
- Ellicott's Commentary on Deuteronomy 10:18
- Cambridge Bible on Deuteronomy 10:18
- Whedon's Commentary on Deuteronomy 10:18
- Sermons on Deuteronomy 10:18
Context — A Call to Obedience
16Circumcise your hearts, therefore, and stiffen your necks no more.
17For the LORD your God is God of gods and Lord of lords, the great, mighty, and awesome God, showing no partiality and accepting no bribe.
18He executes justice for the fatherless and widow, and He loves the foreigner, giving him food and clothing.
19So you also must love the foreigner, since you yourselves were foreigners in the land of Egypt. 20You are to fear the LORD your God and serve Him. Hold fast to Him and take your oaths in His name.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalms 146:9 | The LORD protects foreigners; He sustains the fatherless and the widow, but the ways of the wicked He frustrates. |
| 2 | Psalms 68:5 | A father of the fatherless, and a defender of the widows, is God in His holy habitation. |
| 3 | Jeremiah 49:11 | Abandon your orphans; I will preserve their lives. Let your widows trust in Me.” |
| 4 | Isaiah 1:17 | Learn to do right; seek justice and correct the oppressor. Defend the fatherless and plead the case of the widow.” |
| 5 | Psalms 145:9 | The LORD is good to all; His compassion rests on all He has made. |
| 6 | Psalms 103:6 | The LORD executes righteousness and justice for all the oppressed. |
| 7 | Matthew 5:45 | that you may be sons of your Father in heaven. He causes His sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the righteous and the unrighteous. |
| 8 | Exodus 22:22 | You must not mistreat any widow or orphan. |
| 9 | Hosea 14:3 | Assyria will not save us, nor will we ride on horses. We will never again say, ‘Our gods!’ to the work of our own hands. For in You the fatherless find compassion.” |
| 10 | Acts 14:17 | Yet He has not left Himself without testimony to His goodness: He gives you rain from heaven and fruitful seasons, filling your hearts with food and gladness.” |
Deuteronomy 10:18 Summary
Deuteronomy 10:18 tells us that God is a God of justice and love, who cares for those who are vulnerable and in need. He executes justice for the fatherless and widow, and He loves the foreigner, giving him food and clothing. This verse reminds us that God is concerned with how we treat others, and it challenges us to show love and kindness to those in need, just as God does (as seen in Psalm 146:9 and Acts 10:34). By following God's example, we can demonstrate His love to a hurting world and bring glory to His name.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does it mean that God executes justice for the fatherless and widow?
This means that God is a defender of those who are vulnerable and have no one to care for them, as seen in Deuteronomy 10:18, and it is a call for believers to also care for the needy, as commanded in Isaiah 1:17 and Jeremiah 22:3.
Why does God love the foreigner and give him food and clothing?
God loves the foreigner because He is a God of love and compassion, and He expects His people to show the same love and kindness to strangers, as seen in Deuteronomy 10:19 and Leviticus 19:34.
How does this verse relate to our everyday lives?
This verse reminds us that God is concerned with how we treat the most vulnerable members of society, and it challenges us to show love and kindness to those in need, just as God does, as seen in Proverbs 19:17 and Matthew 25:31-46.
What is the significance of God giving food and clothing to the foreigner?
God providing for the foreigner's basic needs is a demonstration of His care and provision for all people, and it serves as an example for believers to follow in showing hospitality and generosity to those in need, as seen in Acts 10:4 and Galatians 2:10.
Reflection Questions
- How can I show love and kindness to the vulnerable and needy in my community, just as God does?
- What are some ways that I can demonstrate God's love to foreigners or strangers in my life?
- How can I balance my own needs and desires with the call to care for the needy and vulnerable, as seen in Deuteronomy 10:18 and Matthew 25:31-46?
- What does it mean for me to 'love the foreigner' in my everyday life, and how can I put this into practice?
- How can I trust God to provide for my own needs, just as He provides for the foreigner, and use this trust to show love and kindness to others?
Gill's Exposition on Deuteronomy 10:18
He doth execute the judgment of the fatherless and widow,.... Who have none to help them, and whose patron and defender he is, and will do them justice himself, and take care that it is done them by
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Deuteronomy 10:18
And I stayed in the mount, according to the first time, forty days and forty nights; and the LORD hearkened unto me at that time also, and the LORD would not destroy thee.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Deuteronomy 10:18
Execute the judgment, i.e. plead their cause, and give them right against their more potent adversaries, and therefore he expects you should do so too.
Ellicott's Commentary on Deuteronomy 10:18
(18) And loveth the stranger, in giving him food and raiment.—An inclusive expression. The whole substance of Jacob our father was included in the prayer for this. “If God will . . . give me bread to eat and raiment to put on” (Rashi).
Cambridge Bible on Deuteronomy 10:18
18. fatherless, widow, and stranger] i.e. the foreigner sojourning in Israel. See on Deuteronomy 24:17. The three are combined there and in Deuteronomy 24:19-21, also in Exodus 22:21-22.
Whedon's Commentary on Deuteronomy 10:18
17, 18. A mighty, and a terrible — Here Moses describes the infinite greatness and wonderful tenderness of Jehovah. He is God of gods, Lord of lords, yet he cares for the fatherless, the widow, and the stranger.
Sermons on Deuteronomy 10:18
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
|
The Lord My Husband by Octavius Winslow | Octavius Winslow emphasizes the profound relationship between God and the believer, particularly in the context of widowhood, where God is portrayed as the 'Husband' to those who h |
|
Of the Various Sorts of Proselytes. by John Gill | John Gill discusses the various types of proselytes in the Jewish tradition, emphasizing their different statuses and the conditions under which they were accepted into the Jewish |
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Our Daily Homily - Deuteronomy by F.B. Meyer | F.B. Meyer emphasizes God's unwavering support and guidance throughout life's journey, as illustrated in Deuteronomy. He highlights that God carries His people with love and compas |
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Guardian of the Fatherless by C.H. Spurgeon | C.H. Spurgeon emphasizes that God serves as the guardian for the fatherless, providing mercy and support when earthly protectors are absent. He encourages believers to cast away al |
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Divine Direction by Denis Lyle | Denis Lyle preaches on Divine Direction, using examples from the Bible to illustrate how individuals sought and followed God's guidance in their lives. The sermon emphasizes the im |
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Attributes of God (Series 2): The Omnipotence of God by A.W. Tozer | In this sermon, the preacher discusses three propositions about God's power. The first proposition is that God has power, which is evident in the creation of the world. The preache |
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Good News to the Poor by Jackie Pullinger | In this sermon, the speaker begins by discussing Jesus' proclamation of preaching good news to the poor. He highlights the current need for this message, especially in times of nat |