Ephesians 4:31

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Ephesians 4:31 in Multiple Translations

Berean Standard Bible BSB

Get rid of all bitterness, rage and anger, outcry and slander, along with every form of malice.

King James Version KJV

Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamour, and evil speaking, be put away from you, with all malice:

American Standard Version ASV

Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamor, and railing, be put away from you, with all malice:

Bible in Basic English BBE

Let all bitter, sharp and angry feeling, and noise, and evil words, be put away from you, with all unkind acts;

Free Bible Version FBV

Get rid of every kind of bitterness, rage, anger, verbal abuse, and insults, along with all forms of evil.

Geneva Bible 1599 GNV

Let all bitternesse, and anger, and wrath, crying, and euill speaking be put away from you, with all maliciousnesse.

Young's Literal Translation YLT

Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamour, and evil-speaking, be put away from you, with all malice,

World English Bible WEB

Let all bitterness, wrath, anger, outcry, and slander be put away from you, with all malice.

Noah Webster Bible WBS

Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamor, and evil-speaking, be put away from you, with all malice:

Douay-Rheims 1899 DRV

Let all bitterness, and anger, and indignation, and clamour, and blasphemy, be put away from you, with all malice.

Translation for Translators T4T

Do not be resentful at all towards others. Do not become angry in any way. Never shout abusively at others. Never ◄slander/say bad things about► others. Never act maliciously/be mean in any way.

Plain English Version PEV

So don’t get upset with people, and don’t think about them in a bad way. Don’t get angry with anyone. Don’t argue or fight with people. Don’t yell at anyone, or say bad things about them. Don’t do anything bad to anyone.

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Berean Amplified Bible — Ephesians 4:31

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Word Study

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Ephesians 4:31 Interlinear (Deep Study)

BIB

GRK πασα πικρια και θυμος και οργη και κραυγη και βλασφημια αρθητω αφ υμων συν παση κακια

πασα pas G3956 all Adj-NSF

πικρια pikria G4088 bitterness Noun-NSF

και kai G2532 and Conj

θυμος thumos G2372 wrath Noun-NSM

και kai G2532 and Conj

οργη orgē G3709 wrath Noun-NSF

και kai G2532 and Conj

κραυγη kraugē G2906 shouting Noun-NSF

και kai G2532 and Conj

βλασφημια blasphēmia G988 blasphemy Noun-NSF

αρθητω airō G142 to take up Verb-APM-3S

αφ apo G575 away from Prep

υμων su G4771 you Pron-2GP

συν sun G4862 with Prep

παση pas G3956 all Adj-DSF

κακια kakia G2549 evil Noun-DSF

Greek Word Study

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Greek Word Reference — Ephesians 4:31

πασα pas G3956 "all" Adj-NSF

This word means all or every, as in Matthew 3:10 and Romans 7:8, where it refers to everything or all people, emphasizing the universal nature of God's message.

Definition: πᾶς, πᾶσα, πᾶν, genitive, παντός, πάσης, παντός, [in LXX chiefly for כֹּל ;] all, every. __I. As adj., __1. with subst. anarth., all, every, of every kind: Mat.3:10 4:23, Mrk.9:49, Luk.4:37, Jhn.2:1o, Act.27:20, Rom.7:8, Rev.18:17, al. mult.; pl., all, Act.22:15, Rom.5:12, Heb.1:6, al.; of the highest degree, π. ἐξουσία (προθυμία, χαρά), Mat.28:18, Act.17:11, Phi 2:29, al.; also the whole (though in this sense more frequently with art.), Mat.2:3, Act.2:36, Rom.11:26. __2. C. art. (before the art., after the noun, or, denoting totality, between the art. and noun), all, whole: Mat.8:32 13:2, Mrk.5:33, Luk.1:10, Act.7:14, Rom.3:19, Gal.5:14, Eph.4:16, al.; pl., Mat.2:4, Mrk.4:13, Rom.1:5, al. __II. As pron., __1. masc. and fem., every one: Mrk.9:49, Luk.16:16, Heb.2:9; before rel. pron., Mat.7:24, Act.2:21, Gal.3:10, al.; with ptcp. (anarth.), Mat.13:19, Luk.11:4; with ptcp. (with art.), Mat.5:22, Mrk.7:8, Luk.6:47, Jhn.3:8, Rom.1:16, al.; pl., πάντες, absol., all, all men, Mat.10:22, Mrk.13:13, Luk.20:38, Jhn.1:7 3:26, 1Co.8:1, al.; οἱ π. (collectively, as a definite whole), Rom.11:32, 1Co.1:17, Eph.4:13, al.; π. οἱ (ὅσοι), Mat.4:24, Mrk.1:32, Luk.4:40, al. __2. Neut., __(a) sing., πᾶν, everything, all: πᾶν τό, with ptcp., 1Co.10:25, 27, Eph.5:13, 1Jn.2:16 5:4 (sc. ὄν); πᾶν ὅ, Jhn.17:2, Rom.14:23; collectively, of persons (Westc., in l.), Jhn.6:37, 39; with prep., in adverbial phrases, διὰ παντός, always, Mat.18:10, al.; ἐν παντί, in everything, in every way, 2Co.4:8, Phi 4:6, al.; __(b) pl., πάτνα, all things: absol., Jhn.1:3, 1Co.2:10, Heb.2:8, al.; of certain specified things, Mrk.4:34, Luk.1:3, Rom.8:28, 1Th.5:21, al.; accusative, πάντα, adverbially, wholly, in all things, in all respects, Act.20:35, 1Co.9:25, al.; with art., τὰ π., all things (a totality, as distinct from anarth. πάντα, all things severally; cf. Westc, Eph., 186f.), absol.: Rom.11:36, 1Co.8:6, Eph.3:9, Heb.1:3, al.; relatively, Mrk.4:11, Act.17:25, Rom.8:32, al.; πάντα, with ptcp., Mat.18:31, al.; πάντα ταῦτα (ταῦτα π.), Mat.6:32, 33, al.; πάντα, with prep, in adverbial phrases, πρὸ πάντων, above all things, Jas.5:12, 1Pe.4:8; ἐν π́, in all things, in all ways, 1Ti.3:11, 1Pe.4:11, al.; κατὰ πάντα, in all respects, Act.17:22, al. __3. C. neg., πᾶς οὐ (μή) = οὐδείς, see: οὐ and μή, and cf. M, Pr., 245f. (AS)

Usage: Occurs in 1080 NT verses. KJV: all (manner of, means), alway(-s), any (one), X daily, + ever, every (one, way), as many as, + no(-thing), X thoroughly, whatsoever, whole, whosoever See also: 1 Corinthians 1:2; 1 Peter 2:13; 1 Peter 1:15.

πικρια pikria G4088 "bitterness" Noun-NSF

Bitterness refers to a strong, unpleasant feeling, like a bad taste, as in Romans 3:14. It can also describe a person's harsh or resentful attitude, as seen in Ephesians 4:31 and Hebrews 12:15.

Definition: πικρία, -ας, ἡ (πικρός), [in LXX chiefly for מַר and cognate forms ;] bitterness; __(a) of taste (Arist., Jer.15:17, al.); __(b) metaphorically, of temper, character, etc.: Rom.3:14 (LXX), Eph.4:31; ῥίζα πικρίας, Heb.12:15; χολὴ π., a malignant disposition, Act.8:23.† (AS)

Usage: Occurs in 4 NT verses. KJV: bitterness See also: Acts 8:23; Hebrews 12:15; Romans 3:14.

και kai G2532 "and" Conj

And or also, a connecting word used to join ideas or words, like in Matthew 2:18 and Hebrews 1:1.

Definition: καί, conj., and __I. Copulative. __1. Connecting single words; __(a) in general: Mat.2:18, 16:1, Mrk.2:15, Luk.8:15, Heb.1:1, al. mult.; repeated before each of the terms in a series, Mat.23:23, Luk.14:21, Rom.7:12, 9:4, al. __(b) connecting numerals (WM, §37, 4): Jhn.2:20, Act.13:20; __(with) joining terms which are not mutually exclusive, as the part with the whole: Mat.8:33, 26:59, Mrk.16:17, Act.5:29, al. __2. Connecting clauses and sentences: Mat.3:12, Act.5:21, al. mult.; esp. __(a) where, after the simplicity of the popular language, sentences are paratactically joined (WM, §60, 3; M, Pr., 12; Deiss., LAE, 128ff.): Mat.1:21, 7:25, Mrk.9:5, Jhn.10:3, al.; __(b) joining affirmative to negative sentences: Luk.3:14, Jhn.4:11, IIIJhn.10; __(with) consecutive, and so: Mat.5:1, 23:32, Heb.3:19, al.; after imperatives, Mat.4:19, Luk.7:7, al.; __(d) = καίτοι, and yet: Mat.3:14, 6:26, Mrk.12:12, Luk.18:7 (Field, Notes, 72), 1Co.5:2, al.; __(e) beginning an apodosis (= Heb. וְ; so sometimes δέ in cl.), then: Luk.2:21, 7:12, Act.1:10; beginning a question (WM, §53, 3a): Mrk.10:26, Luk.10:29, Jhn.9:36. __3. Epexegetic, and, and indeed, namely (WM, §53, 3c): Luk.3:18, Jhn.1:16, Act.23:6, Rom.1:5, 1Co.3:5, al. __4. In transition: Mat.4:23, Mrk.5:1, 21, Jhn.1:19, al.; so, Hebraistically, καὶ ἐγένετο (וַי:הִי; also ἐγένετο δέ), Mrk.1:9 (cf. Luk.5:1; V. Burton, §§357-60; M, Pr., 14, 16). __5. καὶ . . . καί, both . . . and (for τε . . . καί, see: τε); __(a) connecting single words: Mat.10:28, Mrk.4:41, Rom.11:33, al.; __(b) clauses and sentences: Mrk.9:13, Jhn.7:28, 1Co.1:22, al. __II. Adjunctive, also, even, still: Mat.5:39, 40; Mrk.2:28, al. mult.; esp. with pron., adv., etc., Mat.20:4, Jhn.7:47, al; ὡς κ., Act.11:17; καθὼς κ., Rom.15:7; οὑτω κ., Rom.6:11; διὸ κ., Luk.1:35; ὁ κ. (Deiss., BS, 313ff.), Act.13:9; pleonastically, μετὰ κ.. (Bl., §77, 7; Deiss., BS, 265f,), Php.4:3; τί κ., 1 Co 15:29; ἀλλὰ κ., Luk.14:22, Jhn.5:18, al.; καίγε (M, Pr., 230; Burton, §437), Act.17:27; καίπερ, Heb.5:8; κ. ἐάν, see: ἐάν. ἐάν, contr. fr. εἰ ἄν, conditional particle, representing something as "under certain circumstances actual or liable to happen," but not so definitely expected as in the case of εἰ with ind. (Bl., §65, 4; cf. Jhn.13:17, 1Co.7:36), if haply, if; __1. with subjc. (cl.); __(a) pres.: Mat.6:22, Luk.10:6, Jhn.7:17, Rom.2:25, 26 al.; { __(b) aor. (= Lat. fut. pf.): Mat.4:9 16:26 (cf. ptcp. in Luk.9:25; M, Pr., 230), Mrk.3:24, Luk.14:34, Jhn.5:43, Rom.7:2, al.; = cl. εἰ, with opt., Jhn.9:22 11:57, Act.9:2; as Heb. אִם = ὅταν, Jhn.12:32 14:3, I Jhn.2:28 3:2, Heb.3:7" (LXX) . __2. C. indic, (as in late writers, fr. Arist. on; see WH, App., 171; VD, MGr. 2, App., §77; Deiss., BS, 201f., LAE, 155, 254; M, Pr., 168, 187; Bl., §65, 4); __(a) fut.: Mat.18:19 T, Luk.19:40, Act.7:7; __(b) pres.: 1Th.3:8 (see Milligan, in l.). __3. With other particles: ἐ. καί (Bl., §65, 6), Gal.6:1; ἐ. μή (M, Pr., 185, 187; Bl., l.with), with subjc. pres., Mat.10:13, 1Co.8:8, Jas.2:17, 1Jn.3:21; aor., Mat.6:15, Mrk.3:27, Jhn.3:3, Rom.10:15, Gal.1:8 2:16 (see Lft., Ellic., in ll.); ἐ. τε . . . ἐ. τε, [in LXX for אִם . . . אִם, Est.19:13, al.,] Rom.14:8. __4. = cl. ἄν (which see) after relat. pronouns and adverbs (Tdf., Pr., 96; WH, App., 173; M, Pr., 42f.; Bl., §26, 4; Mayser, 152f.; Deiss., BS, 202ff.): ὃς ἐ., Mat.5:19, Mrk.6:22, 23 Luk.17:32, 1Co.6:18, al.; ὅπου ἐ., Mat.8:19; ὁσάκις ἐ., Rev.11:6; οὗ ἐ., 1Co.16:6; καθὸ ἐ., 2Co.8:12; ὅστις ἐ., Gal.5:10. (AS)

Usage: Occurs in 5212 NT verses. KJV: and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet See also: 1 Corinthians 1:1; 1 Corinthians 10:4; 1 Corinthians 16:1.

θυμος thumos G2372 "wrath" Noun-NSM

Wrath, or intense anger, as in Romans 2:8 and Ephesians 4:31. It's a strong feeling of displeasure or hostility.

Definition: θυμός, -οῦ, ὁ (θύω), [in LXX most frequently for אַף, also for חֱמָא, חָרוֹן, etc., 30 words in all ;] passion, hot anger, wrath: Heb.11:27; ὀργὴ καὶ θ., Rom.2:8, cf. Col.3:8; πικρία κ. θ., Eph.4:31; πλησθῆναι, πλήρης θυμοῦ, Luk.4:28, Act.19:28; θ. ἔχειν, Rev.12:12; οἶνος τ. θυμοῦ τ. πορνείας (cf. Jer.51:7), Rev.14:8 18:3 (cf. Rev.17:2); οἶνος τ. θ. τ. θεοῦ, Rev.14:10; τ. ὀργῆς τ. θεοῦ, Rev.16:19 19:15; ὁ θ. τ. θεοῦ, Rev.14:19 15:1, 7 16:1; pl., impulses or outbursts of anger: ἔρις, ζῆλος, θυμοὶ, ἐριθίαι, 2Co.12:20, Gal.5:20 (Cremer, 287, 733).† SYN.: ὀργή, παροργισμός (AS)

Usage: Occurs in 18 NT verses. KJV: fierceness, indignation, wrath See also: 2 Corinthians 12:20; Revelation 14:10; Hebrews 11:27.

και kai G2532 "and" Conj

And or also, a connecting word used to join ideas or words, like in Matthew 2:18 and Hebrews 1:1.

Usage: Occurs in 5212 NT verses. KJV: and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet See also: 1 Corinthians 1:1; 1 Corinthians 10:4; 1 Corinthians 16:1.

οργη orgē G3709 "wrath" Noun-NSF

In the Bible, this word means God's strong anger or wrath towards sin, as seen in Romans 1:18 and Revelation 14:10. It's a desire for justice and a reaction against wrongdoing. This concept is also applied to human anger, like in Ephesians 4:31.

Definition: ὀργή, -ῆς, ἡ [in LXX chiefly for אַף, also for חָרוֹן, חֵמָה, קָצַף, etc. ;] __1 1, impulse, propensity, disposition. __2. anger, wrath; __(a) of men: Mrk.3:5, Eph.4:31, Col.3:8, 1Ti.2:8, Jas.1:19-20; __(b) of God; __α that reaction of the divine nature against sin which in anthropomorphic language is called anger: Rom.1:18 9:22 12:19, (ICC, in l), 1Th.1:10 2:16, Heb.3:11 4:3" (LXX) Rev.14:10 16:19 19:15; __β of the effect of God's anger: Mat.3:7, Luk.3:7 21:23, Jhn.3:36, Rom.2:5, 8 3:5 4:15 5:9 13:4-5 Eph.5:6, Col.3:6, 1Th.5:9, Jas.1:20, Rev.6:16-17 11:18; σκεύη ὀργῆς, Rom.9:22; τέκνα ὀργῆς, Eph.2:3.† SYN.: see: θυμός (AS)

Usage: Occurs in 34 NT verses. KJV: anger, indignation, vengeance, wrath See also: 1 Thessalonians 1:10; Matthew 3:7; Hebrews 3:11.

και kai G2532 "and" Conj

And or also, a connecting word used to join ideas or words, like in Matthew 2:18 and Hebrews 1:1.

Usage: Occurs in 5212 NT verses. KJV: and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet See also: 1 Corinthians 1:1; 1 Corinthians 10:4; 1 Corinthians 16:1.

κραυγη kraugē G2906 "shouting" Noun-NSF

A loud shouting or outcry, as in Matthew 25:6 and Acts 23:9. This word describes a strong reaction, whether of excitement, alarm, or grief.

Definition: κραυγή, -ῆς, ἡ [in LXX for צְוָחָה, תְּרוּעָה, שַׁוְעָה, etc. ;] crying, outcry, clamour: Mat.25:6, Luk.1:42, Act.23:9, Eph.4:31, Heb.5:7, Rev.21:4.† (AS)

Usage: Occurs in 6 NT verses. KJV: clamour, cry(-ing) See also: Acts 23:9; Matthew 25:6; Hebrews 5:7.

και kai G2532 "and" Conj

And or also, a connecting word used to join ideas or words, like in Matthew 2:18 and Hebrews 1:1.

Usage: Occurs in 5212 NT verses. KJV: and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet See also: 1 Corinthians 1:1; 1 Corinthians 10:4; 1 Corinthians 16:1.

βλασφημια blasphēmia G988 "blasphemy" Noun-NSF

Blasphemy refers to speaking badly of God or others, as seen in Matthew 12:31 and Revelation 2:9. It involves slander or railing against someone, often in a hurtful manner. This term is used to describe serious offenses against God or others.

Definition: βλασφημία, -ας, ἡ (βλάσφημος), [in LXX: Eze.35:12 (נֶאָצָה), Da TH 3:29 (96) (שׁלה), Tob.1:18, 1Ma.2:6, 2Ma.8:4 10:35 15:24 * ;] __(a) railing slander: Mat.12:31 15:19, Mrk.3:28 7:22, Eph.4:31, Col.3:8, 1Ti.6:4, Ju 9, Rev.2:9 __(b) spec., impious speech against God, blasphemy: Mat.26:65, Mrk.14:64, Luk.5:21, Jhn.10:33, Rev.13:5; ὄνομα βλασφημίας, Rev.13:1 17:3; with genitive obj. Mat.12:31; πρὸς τ. θεόν, Rev.13:6 (Cremer, 570; DB, i, 305; DCG ii, 423).† (AS)

Usage: Occurs in 18 NT verses. KJV: blasphemy, evil speaking, railing See also: 1 Timothy 6:4; Mark 14:64; Revelation 2:9.

αρθητω airō G142 "to take up" Verb-APM-3S

Means to lift up or take away, used in John 8:59 to describe Jesus escaping, and in John 1:29 to describe Jesus taking away sin.

Definition: αἴρω, [in LXX chiefly for נשׂא, also for לקח, etc. ;] __1. to raise, take up, lift or draw up: Jhn.8:59 11:41, Act.27:17, al. __2. to bear, carry: Mat.4:6 16:24, al. __3. to bear or take away, carry off, remove: Mat.21:21, Jhn.19:31, 1Co.5:12 6:15 (see Lft., Notes, 216), al.; of the taking away sin by Christ, Jhn.1:29, 1Jn.3:5. (Cf. ἀπ᾽, ἐξ-, ἐπ-, μετ-, συν-, ὑπερ-αίρω). For exx. from π., see MM, VGT, see word) (AS)

Usage: Occurs in 98 NT verses. KJV: away with, bear (up), carry, lift up, loose, make to doubt, put away, remove, take (away, up) See also: 1 Corinthians 6:15; Luke 19:21; Revelation 10:5.

αφ apo G575 "away from" Prep

This word means moving away from something, like a place or a time. It's used in many parts of the Bible, like Matthew 5:29 and Luke 5:2, to show movement or separation. It can also mean because of something.

Definition: ἀπό (on the frequently neglect of elision bef. vowels, see Tdf., Pr., 94, WH, App., 146), prep. with genitive (WM, 462ff.; on its relation to ἐκ, παρά, ὑπό, ib. 456f.), [in LXX for לְ ,בְּ ,מִן ;] from (i.e. from the exterior). __1. Of separation and cessation; __(1) of motion from a place: Mat.5:29, 30 7:23, Luk.5:2 22:41, al.; __(2) in partitive sense (M, Pr., 72, 102, 245; MM, see word; Bl., §40, 2), Mat.9:16 27:21, Jhn.21:10, Act.5:2, al.; also after verbs of eating, etc.; __(3) of alienation (cl. genitive of separation), after such verbs as λούω (Deiss., BS, 227), λύω, σώζω, παύω, etc.; ἀνάθεμα ἀ., Rom.9:3; ἀποθνήσκειν ἀ., Col.2:20; σαλευθῆναι, 2Th.2:2, καθαρός, -ίζειν, ἀ. (Deiss., BS, 196, 216), Act.20:26, 2Co.7:1, Heb.9:14; __(4) of position, Mat.23:34 24:31, al.; after μακράν, Mat.8:30; transposed before measures of distance, Jhn.10:18 21:8, Rev.14:20 (Abbott, JG, 227); __(5) of time, ἀπὸ τ. ὥρας, ἡμέρας, etc., Mat.9:22, Jhn.19:27, Act.20:18, Php.1:5, al.; ἀπ᾽ αἰῶνος, Luk.1:70, al.; ἀπ᾽ ἀρχῆς, etc., Mat.19:4, Rom.1:20; ἀπὸ βρέφους, 2Ti.3:15; ἀφ᾽ ἧς, since, Luk.7:45, al.; ἀπὸ τ. νῦν, Luk.1:48, al.; ἀπὸ τότε, Mat.4:17, al.; ἀπὸ πέρυσι, a year ago, 2Co.8:10 9:2; ἀπὸ πρωΐ, Act.28:23; __(6) of order or rank, ἀπὸ διετοῦς, Mat.2:16; ἀπὸ Ἀβραάμ, Mat.1:17; ἐβδομος ἀπὸ Ἀδάμ, Ju 14; ἀπὸ μικροῦ ἕως μεγάλου, Act.8:10, Heb.8:11; ἄρχεσθαι ἀπό, Mat.20:8, Jhn.8:9, Act.8:35, al. __2. Of origin; __(1) of birth, extraction, and hence, in late writers, __(a) of local extraction (cl. ἐξ; Abbott, JG, 227ff.), Mat.21:11, Mrk.15:43, Jhn.1:45, Act.10:38, al.; οἱ ἀπὸ Ἰταλίας (WM, §66, 6; M, Pr., 237; Westc, Rendall, in l.), Heb.13:24; __(b) of membership in a community or society (BL, §40, 2), Act.12:1, al.; __(with) of material (= cl. genitive; Bl. l.with; M, Pr., 102), Mat.3:4 27:21; __(d) after verbs of asking, seeking, etc., Luk.11:50, 51 1Th.2:6 (Milligan, in l.); __(2) of the cause, instrument, means or occasion (frequently = ὑπό, παρά, and after verbs of learning, hearing, knowing, etc.; Bl., §40, 3), Mat.7:16 11:29, Luk.22:45, Act.2:22 4:36 9:13 12:14, 1Co.11:23, Gal.3:2, al.; ἀπὸ τ. ὄχλου, Luk.19:3 (cf. Jhn.21:6, Act.22:11); ἀπὸ τ. φόβου, Mat.14:26, al. (cf. Mat.10:26 13:44). __3. Noteworthy Hellenistic phrases: φοβεῖσθαι ἀπό (M, Pr., 102, 107); προσέχειν ἀπό (M, Pr., 11. with; Milligan, NTD, 50); ἀπὸ νότου (Heb. מִגֶּנֶב), Rev.21:13; ἀπὸ προσώπου (מִפְּנֵי), 2Th.1:9 (Bl., §40, 9); ἀπὸ τ. καρδιῶν (בְּלֵב), Mat.18:35; ἀπὸ ὁ ὤν (WM, §10, 2; M, Pr., 9), Rev.1:4. __4. In composition, ἀπό denotes separation, departure, origin, etc. (ἀπολύω, ἀπέρχομαι, ἀπογράφω); it also has a perfective force (M, Pr., 112, 247), as in ἀφικνεῖσθαι, which see (AS)

Usage: Occurs in 600 NT verses. KJV: (X here-)after, ago, at, because of, before, by (the space of), for(-th), from, in, (out) of, off, (up-)on(-ce), since, with See also: 1 Corinthians 1:3; Acts 8:10; 1 Peter 1:12.

υμων su G4771 "you" Pron-2GP

This Greek word means 'you' and is used to address someone directly, like in John 1:30 and Matthew 26:64. It's a way to emphasize or contrast the person being spoken to. The KJV Bible translates it as 'thou'.

Definition: σύ, pron. of 2nd of person(s), thou, you, genitive, σοῦ, dative, σοί, accusative, σέ, pl., ὑμεῖς, -ῶν, -ῖν, -ᾶς (enclitic in oblique cases sing., except after prep. (BL, §48, 3), though πρὸς σέ occurs in Mat.25:39). Nom. for emphasis or contrast: Jhn.1:30, 4:10, 5:33, 39, 44, Act.4:7, Eph.5:32; so also perhaps σὺ εἶπας, Mat.26:64, al. (M, Pr., 86); before voc., Mat.2:6, Luk.1:76, Jhn.17:5, al.; sometimes without emphasis (M, Pr., 85f.), as also in cl., but esp. as rendering of Heb. phrase, e.g. υἱός μου εἶ σύ (בְּנִי־אַתָּה, Psa.2:7), Act.13:33. The genitive (σοῦ, ὑμῶν) is sometimes placed bef. the noun: Luk.7:48, 12:30, al.; so also the enclitic σοῦ, Mat.9:6; on τί ἐμοὶ κ. σοί, see: ἐγώ. (AS)

Usage: Occurs in 2041 NT verses. KJV: thou See also: 1 Corinthians 1:3; 1 Corinthians 15:3; 1 Peter 1:2.

συν sun G4862 "with" Prep

This word means being with or together, describing a close association or companionship, as seen in Luke 2:13 and John 21:3. It implies a sense of togetherness and unity. The Bible uses this word to describe relationships and interactions.

Definition: σύν (old Att. ξύν), prep. with dative, expressing association, fellowship and inclusion. It gradually gave way to μετά, with genitive (cf. LS, see word; Bl., §41, 3), and is therefore comparatively infrequent in NT, being rare in Mat.4, Mrk.6, Jhn.3, and elsewhere (exx. Jas.1:11, 2Pe.1:18) only in Lk (Gosp. and Ac) and Paul. With, together with: of companionship and association, Luk.2:13, Jhn.21:3, Act.10:23, al.; εἶναι σύν τινι, Luk.7:12, Act.4:13, Php.1:23, al.; of partisanship, Act.4:13; οἱ σύν τινι, of attendants, companions or colleagues, Mrk.2:26, Luk.5:9, Act.5:17, al.; of assistance, ἡ χάρις τ. θεοῦ σὺν ἐμοί, 1Co.15:10; of two or more things together, almost = καί, Luk.23:11, Act.3:4 10:2 14:5 23:25, Eph.3:18; σὺν Χριστῷ ζῆν, 2Co.13:4; besides (FlJ, LXX), σὺν πᾶσι τούτοις, Luk.24:21. In composition: with (συνχαίρω), together (συνωδίνω), altogether (συντελέω) (AS)

Usage: Occurs in 122 NT verses. KJV: beside, with See also: 1 Corinthians 1:2; Acts 25:23; James 1:11.

παση pas G3956 "all" Adj-DSF

This word means all or every, as in Matthew 3:10 and Romans 7:8, where it refers to everything or all people, emphasizing the universal nature of God's message.

κακια kakia G2549 "evil" Noun-DSF

This word means 'evil', describing badness or wickedness, as in Acts 8:22 and Romans 1:29. It refers to moral depravity or trouble. This concept is opposed to goodness and virtue.

Definition: κακία, -ας, ἡ (κακός), [in LXX chiefly for רָאָה ;] __1. badness in quality (opposite to ἀρετή, excellence). __2. wickedness, depravity, malignity: Act.8:22, Rom.1:29, 1Co.5:8 14:20, Eph.4:31, Col.3:8, Tit.3:3, Jas.1:21, 1Pe.2:1 2:16. __3. In late Gk., evil, trouble, affliction (Amo.3:6, 1Ki.6:9, Ecc.7:15, Sir.19:6, al.): Mat.6:34 (cf. MM, Exp., xv).† SYN.: (πονηρία) (AS)

Usage: Occurs in 11 NT verses. KJV: evil, malice(-iousness), naughtiness, wickedness See also: 1 Corinthians 5:8; Colossians 3:8; 1 Peter 2:1.

Study Notes — Ephesians 4:31

Show Verse Quote Highlights

Context
Cross References
Ephesians 4:31 Summary
Frequently Asked Questions
Reflection Questions
Gill's Exposition on Ephesians 4:31
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Ephesians 4:31
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Ephesians 4:31
Trapp's Commentary on Ephesians 4:31
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Ephesians 4:31
Cambridge Bible on Ephesians 4:31
Barnes' Notes on Ephesians 4:31
Whedon's Commentary on Ephesians 4:31
Sermons on Ephesians 4:31

Context — New Life in Christ

29Let no unwholesome talk come out of your mouths, but only what is helpful for building up the one in need and bringing grace to those who listen. 30And do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God, in whom you were sealed for the day of redemption.

31Get rid of all bitterness, rage and anger, outcry and slander, along with every form of malice.

32Be kind and tenderhearted to one another, forgiving each other just as in Christ God forgave you.

Cross References

	Reference	Text (BSB)
1	Colossians 3:8	But now you must put aside all such things as these: anger, rage, malice, slander, and filthy language from your lips.
2	Ecclesiastes 7:9	Do not be quickly provoked in your spirit, for anger settles in the lap of a fool.
3	Titus 3:2–3	to malign no one, and to be peaceable and gentle, showing full consideration to everyone. For at one time we too were foolish, disobedient, misled, and enslaved to all sorts of desires and pleasures—living in malice and envy, being hated and hating one another.
4	1 Peter 2:1	Rid yourselves, therefore, of all malice, deceit, hypocrisy, envy, and slander.
5	James 1:19	My beloved brothers, understand this: Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak, and slow to anger,
6	James 3:14–2	—
7	Colossians 3:19	Husbands, love your wives and do not be harsh with them.
8	Ephesians 4:26	“Be angry, yet do not sin.” Do not let the sun set upon your anger,
9	1 John 3:12	Do not be like Cain, who belonged to the evil one and murdered his brother. And why did Cain slay him? Because his own deeds were evil, while those of his brother were righteous.
10	Leviticus 19:16–18	You must not go about spreading slander among your people. You must not endanger the life of your neighbor. I am the LORD. You must not harbor hatred against your brother in your heart. Directly rebuke your neighbor, so that you will not incur guilt on account of him. Do not seek revenge or bear a grudge against any of your people, but love your neighbor as yourself. I am the LORD.

Ephesians 4:31 Summary

[This verse is telling us to let go of all the negative emotions and behaviors that can hurt ourselves and others, like bitterness, anger, and malice. It's like cleaning out a closet and getting rid of all the old, dirty clothes that are weighing us down. By choosing to forgive and let go, we can experience the freedom and joy that comes from following Jesus, as seen in John 8:31-32 and Romans 8:1-2. As we do this, we can also learn to be kind and tenderhearted towards others, just like God is towards us, as encouraged in Ephesians 4:32 and Matthew 5:7.]

Frequently Asked Questions

What does it mean to get rid of bitterness, and how can I do that?

Getting rid of bitterness means letting go of resentful feelings and choosing to forgive, just as God forgave us in Christ, as seen in Ephesians 4:32 and Colossians 3:13. This is a process that requires humility and a willingness to trust God with our hurts and offenses.

Is it okay to feel angry sometimes, or is all anger wrong?

While the Bible does not condemn all anger, it does warn against unrighteous anger and bitterness, as seen in Ephesians 4:31. Righteous anger, on the other hand, is a response to injustice and sin, and can be seen in Jesus' example in John 2:13-16.

How can I recognize malice in my own heart, and what can I do to overcome it?

Malice is a desire to harm or see others suffer, and can be subtle, as seen in 1 Peter 2:1. To overcome malice, we must cultivate a heart of love and kindness, seeking to bless and serve others, as encouraged in Galatians 5:22-23 and Ephesians 4:32.

What is the relationship between this verse and the preceding verse about not grieving the Holy Spirit?

The two verses are closely connected, as the behaviors listed in Ephesians 4:31, such as bitterness and malice, can grieve the Holy Spirit, as warned in Ephesians 4:30. By putting off these sinful behaviors, we can maintain a healthy and joyful relationship with the Holy Spirit, as seen in Romans 8:14-16.

Reflection Questions

What are some areas in my life where I may be harboring bitterness or resentment, and how can I begin to let go of those feelings?
How do I typically respond when I feel angry or hurt, and are there more constructive ways I could respond in the future?
What are some ways I can cultivate a heart of kindness and tenderness towards others, even when they have wronged me?
How can I balance the need to address sin and injustice with the command to forgive and not hold grudges?

Gill's Exposition on Ephesians 4:31

Let all bitterness,.... These words are a dehortation from several vices good men are liable to, by which the Spirit of God is grieved: "bitterness" sometimes designs the corruption of nature, which

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Ephesians 4:31

Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamour, and evil speaking, be put away from you, with all malice: Bitterness - both of spirit and of speech: opposed to "kind." Wrath , [ thumos

Matthew Poole's Commentary on Ephesians 4:31

Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger; these all seem to relate to the inward affection, as the two following to the effects of it in the words. Bitterness may imply a secret lurking displeasure at another, or rather a confirmed and permanent one; wrath, the first boiling up of the passion, which affects the body in the commotion of the blood and spirits; and anger, a greater height and paroxysm of the same passion, or an eager desire of revenge: see . And clamour; such inordinate loudness as men in anger are wont to break out into in their words. And evil speaking; either with respect to God or man, though the latter seems particularly meant here; railing, reviling, reproaching, &c., the ordinary effects of immoderate anger. With all malice; maliciousness, or malignity of heart, in opposition to kindness and tenderness, : see 14:20 .

Trapp's Commentary on Ephesians 4:31

31 Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamour, and evil speaking, be put away from you, with all malice: Ver. 31. Let all bitterness, &c.] If the godly man suddenly fall into hitter words, it maketh the Holy Ghost stir within him. And clamour and evil speaking] These are as smoke to the eyes, and make the spirit ready to loathe and leave his lodging. Be put away from you] When any lust ariseth, pray it down presently (saith one); for otherwise we are endangered by yielding to grieve, by grieving to resist, by resisting to quench, by quenching, maliciously to oppose the Spirit. Sin hath no bounds, but those which the Spirit puts, whom therefore we should not grieve.

Adam Clarke's Commentary on Ephesians 4:31

Verse 31. Let all bitterness] πασαπικρια. It is astonishing that any who profess the Christian name should indulge bitterness of spirit. Those who are censorious, who are unmerciful to the failings of others, who have fixed a certain standard by which they measure all persons in all circumstances, and unchristian every one that does not come up to this standard, these have the bitterness against which the apostle speaks. In the last century there was a compound medicine, made up from a variety of drastic acrid drugs and ardent spirits, which was called Hiera Picra, ιεραπικρα, the holy bitter; this medicine was administered in a multitude of cases, where it did immense evil, and perhaps in scarcely any case did it do good. It has ever appeared to me to furnish a proper epithet for the disposition mentioned above, the holy bitter; for the religiously censorious act under the pretence of superior sanctity. I have known such persons do much evil in a Christian society, but never knew an instance of their doing any good. And wrath] θυμος is more properly anger, which may be considered the commencement of the passion. Anger] οργν is more properly wrath-the passion carried to its highest pitch, accompanied with injurious words and outrageous acts, some of which are immediately specified. And clamour] κραυγη Loud and obstreperous speaking, brawling, railing, boisterous talk, often the offspring of wrath; all of which are highly unbecoming the meek, loving, quiet, sedate mind of Christ and his followers. And evil speaking] βλασφημια. Blasphemy; that is, injurious speaking-words which tend to hurt those of whom or against whom they are spoken. With all malice] κακια. All malignity; as anger produces wrath, and wrath clamour, so all together produce malice; that is, settled, sullen, fell wrath, which is always looking out for opportunities to revenge itself by the destruction of the object of its indignation. No state of society can be even tolerable where these prevail; and, if eternity were out of the question, it is of the utmost consequence to have these banished from time.

Cambridge Bible on Ephesians 4:31

31. all … all] Observe the uncompromising scope of the precept. Revolution in principle was to result in nothing short of revolution in temper and practice.wrath … anger] The two original words occur together also Romans 2:8; Colossians 3:8; Revelation 16:19; Revelation 19:15 (“the wrath of the anger of God”). The word rendered “wrath” denotes rather the acute passion, and the other the chronic. See Trench, Synonyms, § xxxvi.—There is no real contradiction here to Ephesians 4:26. The aim there was to limit the admission of anger only to the rare cases where it could be present “without sin.” Here the question is not of the exception but of the rule. Personal irascibility, personal feud and quarrel, were to be things past and gone out of Christian life.clamour] The violent assertion of rights and wrongs, real or supposed.evil speaking] Gr. blasphêmia. Our word “blasphemy” is now confined to “evil speaking” against God and Divine things, but the Gr. word includes all kinds of slander and opprobrium. It is used (verb, noun, or adjective) of evil speaking against man, or human things, often in N.T.; e.g. 1 Corinthians 4:13 (A. V., “defamed”); 1 Corinthians 10:30; Colossians 3:8; Titus 3:2.be put away] Or, taken away. The verb is in the aorist imperative, enjoining a decisive act, a definite and total rejection of these phases of evil. Such an act, and the maintenance of its results, would be only possible “in Christ”; but so it could be done. See the parallel passage, Colossians 3:8, where the precept is as decisive and as inclusive as here.malice] The Gr. word sometimes bears the sense of “evil,” “ill,” in general; e.g. “the evil” of “the day,” Matthew 6:34. But where, as here, it forms one of a list of vices (cp. Romans 1:29; Colossians 3:8; Titus 3:3; 1 Peter 2:1), it tends to mean the bitter and unjust habit of mind which we denote by malice. (See Trench, Synonyms, § xi.) It is here mentioned last, as the deeper and more subtle sin of which those just mentioned are manifestations. Unkindness, in its inmost secret, is to be a thing cast out.

Barnes' Notes on Ephesians 4:31

Let all bitterness - see the notes on Ephesians 4:2. And wrath - The word here does not differ essentially from anger. Anger - see the note on Ephesians 4:26. All cherished, unreasonable anger.

Whedon's Commentary on Ephesians 4:31

31. Bitterness—The climax of wrathful terms in this verse, rising to clamour, sounds like a reminiscence of the uproar of the Ephesian mob. Acts 19.

Sermons on Ephesians 4:31

	Sermon	Description
	Door of Repentance by Corrie Ten Boom	In this sermon, the speaker shares a personal experience of being in a prison and connecting with a man who was afraid of being whipped. Through love and sharing the word of God, t
	Only One Life Will Soon Be Past by Zac Poonen	In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the importance of living a life that pleases God. He highlights the concept of appearing before the judgment seat of Christ, where believers
	Captivated by Christ by Alan Redpath	In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the importance of seeking God as the first priority in our lives. He encourages listeners to concentrate on knowing, loving, and living for G
	Bitterness by K.P. Yohannan	In this sermon, the preacher addresses the issue of bitterness in people's lives. He highlights how some individuals are constantly discontent and find fault in everything, whether
	(The Better Covenant) 2 - All-Sufficient Grace by Zac Poonen	In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the importance of relying on God's grace to overcome temptation and sin. He encourages listeners to humbly ask God for help before they fall
	How to Be Free From Bitterness by Jim Wilson	In this sermon, the speaker addresses the issue of bitterness and its negative impact on our lives. He refers to Ephesians 4:31, which instructs believers to get rid of all bittern
	Secure in the Love of God by Zac Poonen	In this sermon, the preacher focuses on the importance of speech and the power of words. He starts by emphasizing the command in Ephesians 4:28 to stop stealing completely, highlig