Exodus 12:44
Exodus 12:44 in Multiple Translations
But any slave who has been purchased may eat of it, after you have circumcised him.
But every man’s servant that is bought for money, when thou hast circumcised him, then shall he eat thereof.
but every man’s servant that is bought for money, when thou hast circumcised him, then shall he eat thereof.
But every man's servant, whom he has got for money, may take of it, when he has had circumcision.
But any slave who has been bought can eat it once you have circumcised him.
But euerie seruant that is bought for money, when thou hast circumcised him, then shall he eat thereof.
and any man's servant, the purchase of money, when thou hast circumcised him — then he doth eat of it;
but every man’s servant who is bought for money, when you have circumcised him, then shall he eat of it.
But every man's servant that is bought for money, when thou hast circumcised him, then shall he eat of it.
But every bought servant shall be circumcised, and so shall eat.
Berean Amplified Bible — Exodus 12:44
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Exodus 12:44 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וְ/כָל
עֶ֥בֶד
אִ֖ישׁ
מִקְנַת
כָּ֑סֶף
וּ/מַלְתָּ֣ה
אֹת֔/וֹ
אָ֖ז
יֹ֥אכַל
בּֽ/וֹ
וְ/כָל
kôl
H3605
all
Conj | N-ms
עֶ֥בֶד
ʻebed
H5650
servant/slave
N-ms
אִ֖ישׁ
ʼîysh
H376
man
N-ms
מִקְנַת
miqnâh
H4736
purchase
N-fs
כָּ֑סֶף
keçeph
H3701
silver
N-ms
וּ/מַלְתָּ֣ה
mûwl
H4135
to circumcise
Conj | V-Qal-2ms
אֹת֔/וֹ
ʼêth
H853
Obj.
DirObjM | Suff
אָ֖ז
ʼâz
H227
then
Adv
יֹ֥אכַל
ʼâkal
H398
to eat
V-Qal-Juss-3ms
בּֽ/וֹ
Prep | Suff
Hebrew Word Study
Select any word above to explore its original meaning, root, and usage across Scripture.
Use ← → arrow keys to navigate between words.
Hebrew Word Reference — Exodus 12:44
וְ/כָל
kôl
H3605
"all"
Conj | N-ms
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Definition: 1) all, the whole 1a) all, the whole of 1b) any, each, every, anything 1c) totality, everything Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
Usage: Occurs in 4242 OT verses. KJV: (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever). See also: Genesis 1:21; Genesis 17:10; Genesis 41:40.
עֶ֥בֶד
ʻebed
H5650
"servant/slave"
N-ms
This word refers to a servant or slave, often in the context of serving God or a human master. It can also describe a prophet or Levite. The KJV translates it as bondage, bondman, or servant.
Definition: 1) slave, servant 1a) slave, servant, man-servant 1b) subjects 1c) servants, worshippers (of God) 1d) servant (in special sense as prophets, Levites etc) 1e) servant (of Israel) 1f) servant (as form of address between equals) Aramaic equivalent: a.vad (עֲבַד "servant/slave" H5649)
Usage: Occurs in 714 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] bondage, bondman, (bond-) servant, (man-) servant. See also: Genesis 9:25; Exodus 11:3; 1 Samuel 8:16.
אִ֖ישׁ
ʼîysh
H376
"man"
N-ms
The Hebrew word for man, referring to a male person or individual, is used in the Bible to describe humans in contrast to God or animals, as seen in Genesis and Psalms. It can also mean husband or servant. In the KJV, it is translated as man or male.
Definition: : man 1) man 1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female) 1b) husband 1c) human being, person (in contrast to God) 1d) servant 1e) mankind 1f) champion 1g) great man 2) whosoever 3) each (adjective)
Usage: Occurs in 1851 OT verses. KJV: also, another, any (man), a certain, [phrase] champion, consent, each, every (one), fellow, (foot-, husband-) man, (good-, great, mighty) man, he, high (degree), him (that is), husband, man(-kind), [phrase] none, one, people, person, [phrase] steward, what (man) soever, whoso(-ever), worthy. Compare H802 (אִשָּׁה). See also: Genesis 2:23; Genesis 42:25; Exodus 32:23.
מִקְנַת
miqnâh
H4736
"purchase"
N-fs
This Hebrew word means to buy or acquire something, like a piece of land or property, and can also refer to the price paid for it, as seen in various KJV translations.
Definition: 1) purchase 1a) purchase 1b) purchase-price 1c) possession (gained by purchase)
Usage: Occurs in 13 OT verses. KJV: (he that is) bought, possession, piece, purchase. See also: Genesis 17:12; Leviticus 25:16; Jeremiah 32:11.
כָּ֑סֶף
keçeph
H3701
"silver"
N-ms
Silver or money, often referring to payment or wealth, like the silver talents in Matthew 25. It can also describe silver as a valuable metal or ornament.
Definition: : money/payment/silver 1) silver, money 1a) silver 1a1) as metal 1a2) as ornament 1a3) as colour 1b) money, shekels, talents
Usage: Occurs in 343 OT verses. KJV: money, price, silver(-ling). See also: Genesis 13:2; Numbers 22:18; 2 Chronicles 1:17.
וּ/מַלְתָּ֣ה
mûwl
H4135
"to circumcise"
Conj | V-Qal-2ms
Circumcision is the literal meaning of this word, but it can also imply destruction or cutting off. In Genesis 17:10, God commands Abraham to circumcise all males as a sign of covenant. It represents a physical and spiritual separation.
Definition: 1) to circumcise, let oneself be circumcised, cut, be cut off 1a) (Qal) to circumcise 1b) (Niphal) to be circumcised, circumcise oneself 1c) (Hiphil) to cause to be circumcised 1c1) of destruction (fig.) 1d) (Hithpolel) to be cut off 1e) (Polel) cut down
Usage: Occurs in 32 OT verses. KJV: circumcise(-ing), selves), cut down (in pieces), destroy, [idiom] must needs. See also: Genesis 17:10; Leviticus 12:3; Psalms 58:8.
אֹת֔/וֹ
ʼêth
H853
"Obj."
DirObjM | Suff
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Definition: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
Usage: Occurs in 6782 OT verses. KJV: (as such unrepresented in English). See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 10:8; Genesis 19:21.
אָ֖ז
ʼâz
H227
"then"
Adv
This Hebrew word refers to a past time or place, often used to describe something that happened earlier. It can also be used as a conjunction to show a cause-and-effect relationship. In the Bible, it appears in books like Genesis and Isaiah.
Definition: 1) then, at that time 1a) temporal expressions 1a1) then (past) 1a2) then, if...then (future) 1a3) earlier 1b) logical expressions 1b1) in that case 1b2) that (being so)
Usage: Occurs in 133 OT verses. KJV: beginning, for, from, hitherto, now, of old, once, since, then, at which time, yet. See also: Genesis 4:26; 1 Chronicles 22:13; Psalms 2:5.
יֹ֥אכַל
ʼâkal
H398
"to eat"
V-Qal-Juss-3ms
This word means to eat or devour, and it's used in many stories, including when Jesus fed the 5000 with fish and bread in the book of Matthew. It's about taking in nourishment and being satisfied.
Definition: 1) to eat, devour, burn up, feed 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to eat (human subject) 1a2) to eat, devour (of beasts and birds) 1a3) to devour, consume (of fire) 1a4) to devour, slay (of sword) 1a5) to devour, consume, destroy (inanimate subjects - ie, pestilence, drought) 1a6) to devour (of oppression) 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be eaten (by men) 1b2) to be devoured, consumed (of fire) 1b3) to be wasted, destroyed (of flesh) 1c) (Pual) 1c1) to cause to eat, feed with 1c2) to cause to devour 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to feed 1d2) to cause to eat 1e) (Piel) 1e1) consume Aramaic equivalent: a.khal (אֲכַל "to devour" H0399)
Usage: Occurs in 703 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] at all, burn up, consume, devour(-er, up), dine, eat(-er, up), feed (with), food, [idiom] freely, [idiom] in...wise(-deed, plenty), (lay) meat, [idiom] quite. See also: Genesis 2:16; Leviticus 6:9; Numbers 24:8.
בּֽ/וֹ
""
Prep | Suff
Study Notes — Exodus 12:44
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Exodus 12:44 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Exodus 12:44
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 12:44
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Exodus 12:44
- Trapp's Commentary on Exodus 12:44
- Ellicott's Commentary on Exodus 12:44
- Cambridge Bible on Exodus 12:44
- Barnes' Notes on Exodus 12:44
- Whedon's Commentary on Exodus 12:44
- Sermons on Exodus 12:44
Context — Instructions for the Passover
42Because the LORD kept a vigil that night to bring them out of the land of Egypt, this same night is to be a vigil to the LORD, to be observed by all the Israelites for the generations to come.
43And the LORD said to Moses and Aaron, “This is the statute of the Passover: No foreigner is to eat of it.
44But any slave who has been purchased may eat of it, after you have circumcised him.
45A temporary resident or hired hand shall not eat the Passover. 46It must be eaten inside one house. You are not to take any of the meat outside the house, and you may not break any of the bones.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Genesis 17:12–13 | Generation after generation, every male must be circumcised when he is eight days old, including those born in your household and those purchased from a foreigner—even those who are not your offspring. Whether they are born in your household or purchased, they must be circumcised. My covenant in your flesh will be an everlasting covenant. |
| 2 | Genesis 17:23 | On that very day Abraham took his son Ishmael and all those born in his household or purchased with his money—every male among the members of Abraham’s household—and he circumcised them, just as God had told him. |
Exodus 12:44 Summary
According to Exodus 12:44, any slave who has been purchased can eat the Passover after being circumcised. This means that God's covenant is not just for a select few, but is available to all who are willing to submit to His commands. Just like the slaves in this verse, we must also submit to God's commands and follow His ways, as seen in John 14:15. By doing so, we can experience the unity and equality that comes from being part of God's covenant community, as seen in Galatians 3:28.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who is allowed to eat the Passover according to Exodus 12:44?
According to Exodus 12:44, any slave who has been purchased may eat of the Passover after being circumcised, as stated in the verse. This highlights the importance of following God's commands, as seen in Genesis 17:10-14, where circumcision is first introduced as a covenant sign.
Why is circumcision required for slaves to eat the Passover?
Circumcision was a sign of the covenant between God and the Israelites, as seen in Genesis 17:10-14, and it symbolized their commitment to following God's commands. By requiring circumcision for slaves, God emphasized the importance of unity and equality among all members of the household, as seen in Galatians 3:28.
How does this verse relate to the concept of salvation in the Bible?
This verse illustrates the idea that salvation is not limited to a specific group of people, but is available to all who are willing to submit to God's commands, as seen in Romans 10:9-10. The requirement of circumcision for slaves to eat the Passover foreshadows the concept of baptism in the New Testament, as seen in Acts 2:38-39.
What can we learn from the distinction between slaves and foreigners in this verse?
The distinction between slaves and foreigners in Exodus 12:44 highlights the importance of covenant membership and commitment to following God's commands. While foreigners were not allowed to eat the Passover, slaves who were circumcised and committed to the covenant could participate, illustrating the idea that salvation is available to all who are willing to submit to God's commands, as seen in Revelation 7:9-10.
Reflection Questions
- What does the requirement of circumcision for slaves reveal about God's heart for unity and equality among His people?
- How does this verse challenge or affirm my current understanding of salvation and covenant membership?
- In what ways can I apply the principles of Exodus 12:44 to my own life, particularly in regards to my relationships with others and my commitment to following God's commands?
- What does the concept of 'eating the Passover' represent in this verse, and how can I deepen my own understanding of this spiritual reality?
Gill's Exposition on Exodus 12:44
But every man's servant that is bought for money,.... And so his own property: when thou hast circumcised him; as such an one ought to be, according to the covenant of circumcision given to Abraham,
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 12:44
And the LORD said unto Moses and Aaron, This is the ordinance of the passover: There shall no stranger eat thereof: No JFB commentary on these verses.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Exodus 12:44
When thou hast circumcised him; for the master had a power to circumcise such persons, . And though it is probable, that by their interest in them, and a diligent instruction of them, they made them willing to receive circumcision, yet it seems they had a power to compel them to it; but then circumcision was not to them a seal of God’ s covenant, nor of their religion, for that must be matter of choice, but only a civil badge, or a note of that family or people into which they were politically incorporated.
Trapp's Commentary on Exodus 12:44
Exodus 12:44 But every man’ s servant that is bought for money, when thou hast circumcised him, then shall he eat thereof.Ver. 44. When thou hast circumcised him.] And so adinitted him into the fellowship of the faithful. A man must live before he can be nourished; bred before be can be fed.
Ellicott's Commentary on Exodus 12:44
(44) Every man’s servant.—Slaves born in the house were required to be circumcised on the eighth day, like Israelites (Genesis 17:13). Bought slaves were allowed their choice. It is noticeable that the circumcised slave was to be admitted to full religious equality with his master.
Cambridge Bible on Exodus 12:44
44. But a foreigner, bought as a slave into an Israelitish family, may eat of it, if he is made a member of the Isr. community by circumcision. Slaves were regarded as members of the family, and, as such, were circumcised (Genesis 17:12-13, P), so that they might join in the family religious rites. ‘That is bought for money’ distinguishes the slave here referred to from the slave ‘born in the house’ (cf. Genesis 17:12; Genesis 17:23; Genesis 17:27), i.e. born of parents who were themselves slaves in the same establishment: a slave of the latter kind would, as a matter of course, be circumcised, and have a right to partake of the Passover.
Barnes' Notes on Exodus 12:44
Servant - The circumcision of the slave, thus enjoined formally on the first day that Israel became a nation, in accordance with the law given to Abraham, (see the margin reference) made him a true
Whedon's Commentary on Exodus 12:44
, Exio 12:43-50. This additional ordinance, defining the character of the participants in the passover feast, now became necessary, since aliens and strangers of various nations attached themselves to Israel. Exodus 12:38.
Sermons on Exodus 12:44
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
|
No Babies Baptized in the Bible by John R. Rice | John R. Rice emphasizes the importance of salvation before baptism, refuting the practice of infant baptism by highlighting the absence of New Testament records supporting it. He d |
|
Have You Been Circumcised? by Anton Bosch | Anton Bosch delves into the significance of circumcision in the Old Testament as a sign of the covenant between God and Abraham, emphasizing that while it was not a condition for e |
|
Instant Obedience by Charles E. Cowman | Charles E. Cowman emphasizes the importance of instant obedience to God's call, highlighting that delayed obedience is disobedience. He stresses that every time God calls us to a d |