Exodus 12:45
Exodus 12:45 in Multiple Translations
A temporary resident or hired hand shall not eat the Passover.
A foreigner and an hired servant shall not eat thereof.
A sojourner and a hired servant shall not eat thereof.
A man from a strange country living among you, and a servant working for payment, may not take part in it.
Foreign visitors or those hired from other nations shall not eat the Passover.
A stranger or an hyred seruant shall not eat thereof.
a settler or hired servant doth not eat of it;
A foreigner and a hired servant shall not eat of it.
A foreigner, and a hired servant shall not eat of it.
The stranger and the hireling shall not eat thereof.
Do not let people who are living among you temporarily, or servants whom you have hired, eat the Passover meal.
Berean Amplified Bible — Exodus 12:45
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Exodus 12:45 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
תּוֹשָׁ֥ב
וְ/שָׂכִ֖יר
לֹא
יֹ֥אכַל
בּֽ/וֹ
תּוֹשָׁ֥ב
tôwshâb
H8453
sojourner
N-ms
וְ/שָׂכִ֖יר
sâkîyr
H7916
hired
Conj | Adj
לֹא
lôʼ
H3808
not
Part
יֹ֥אכַל
ʼâkal
H398
to eat
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms
בּֽ/וֹ
Prep | Suff
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Exodus 12:45
תּוֹשָׁ֥ב
tôwshâb
H8453
"sojourner"
N-ms
Tishbe refers to a resident alien or foreigner, as seen in the home of Elijah, who was known as the Tishbite. This term appears in various KJV translations, including foreigner and stranger. It signifies someone living outside their native land.
Definition: sojourner, stranger
Usage: Occurs in 13 OT verses. KJV: foreigner, inhabitant, sojourner, stranger. See also: Genesis 23:4; Leviticus 25:40; Psalms 39:13.
וְ/שָׂכִ֖יר
sâkîyr
H7916
"hired"
Conj | Adj
This Hebrew word describes a hired worker, someone paid by the day or year. In the Bible, hired laborers were common, and the KJV translates this word as hired or hireling.
Definition: 1) hired 1a) hired (of animal) 1b) hireling, hired labourer (subst) 1b1) mercenary
Usage: Occurs in 17 OT verses. KJV: hired (man, servant), hireling. See also: Exodus 12:45; Deuteronomy 15:18; Isaiah 16:14.
לֹא
lôʼ
H3808
"not"
Part
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Definition: 1) not, no 1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition) 1b) not (with modifier-negation) 1c) nothing (subst) 1d) without (with particle) 1e) before (of time) Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Usage: Occurs in 3967 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] before, [phrase] or else, ere, [phrase] except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never, no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), ([idiom] as though...,(can-), for) not (out of), of nought, otherwise, out of, [phrase] surely, [phrase] as truly as, [phrase] of a truth, [phrase] verily, for want, [phrase] whether, without. See also: Genesis 2:5; Genesis 31:15; Exodus 4:9.
יֹ֥אכַל
ʼâkal
H398
"to eat"
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms
This word means to eat or devour, and it's used in many stories, including when Jesus fed the 5000 with fish and bread in the book of Matthew. It's about taking in nourishment and being satisfied.
Definition: 1) to eat, devour, burn up, feed 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to eat (human subject) 1a2) to eat, devour (of beasts and birds) 1a3) to devour, consume (of fire) 1a4) to devour, slay (of sword) 1a5) to devour, consume, destroy (inanimate subjects - ie, pestilence, drought) 1a6) to devour (of oppression) 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be eaten (by men) 1b2) to be devoured, consumed (of fire) 1b3) to be wasted, destroyed (of flesh) 1c) (Pual) 1c1) to cause to eat, feed with 1c2) to cause to devour 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to feed 1d2) to cause to eat 1e) (Piel) 1e1) consume Aramaic equivalent: a.khal (אֲכַל "to devour" H0399)
Usage: Occurs in 703 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] at all, burn up, consume, devour(-er, up), dine, eat(-er, up), feed (with), food, [idiom] freely, [idiom] in...wise(-deed, plenty), (lay) meat, [idiom] quite. See also: Genesis 2:16; Leviticus 6:9; Numbers 24:8.
בּֽ/וֹ
""
Prep | Suff
Study Notes — Exodus 12:45
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Exodus 12:45 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Exodus 12:45
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 12:45
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Exodus 12:45
- Trapp's Commentary on Exodus 12:45
- Ellicott's Commentary on Exodus 12:45
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on Exodus 12:45
- Cambridge Bible on Exodus 12:45
- Barnes' Notes on Exodus 12:45
- Whedon's Commentary on Exodus 12:45
- Sermons on Exodus 12:45
Context — Instructions for the Passover
43And the LORD said to Moses and Aaron, “This is the statute of the Passover: No foreigner is to eat of it.
44But any slave who has been purchased may eat of it, after you have circumcised him.
45A temporary resident or hired hand shall not eat the Passover.
46It must be eaten inside one house. You are not to take any of the meat outside the house, and you may not break any of the bones. 47The whole congregation of Israel must celebrate it.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Leviticus 22:10 | No one outside a priest’s family may eat the sacred offering, nor may the guest of a priest or his hired hand eat it. |
| 2 | Ephesians 2:12 | remember that at that time you were separate from Christ, alienated from the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers to the covenants of the promise, without hope and without God in the world. |
Exodus 12:45 Summary
This verse, Exodus 12:45, says that people who are just visiting or working temporarily with the Israelites cannot eat the Passover meal. This is because the Passover is a special meal for God's people, and it's a way of remembering how God saved them from slavery in Egypt (as seen in Exodus 12:26-27). It's like a family dinner, and only people who are part of the family can come. This reminds us that being part of God's family is special, and it's something to be cherished and respected, as also seen in John 1:12 and Romans 8:14-17.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who is allowed to eat the Passover according to Exodus 12:45?
According to Exodus 12:45, a temporary resident or hired hand is not allowed to eat the Passover, but Exodus 12:44 says that any slave who has been purchased may eat of it, after being circumcised, as seen in the surrounding verses.
What is the significance of the Passover being restricted to certain individuals?
The restriction of the Passover to certain individuals, as seen in Exodus 12:43-47, highlights the importance of being part of God's covenant community, as also emphasized in Genesis 17:10-14 and Leviticus 12:3.
How does this verse relate to the concept of being a stranger or foreigner in the Bible?
In the Bible, being a stranger or foreigner often implies being outside of God's covenant community, as seen in Exodus 12:43 and Deuteronomy 10:19, and this verse reinforces that idea by excluding temporary residents and hired hands from the Passover.
What does this verse teach us about the importance of community and belonging in our relationship with God?
This verse, in the context of Exodus 12:45, teaches us that belonging to God's community is crucial, as also seen in 1 Corinthians 12:27 and Ephesians 2:19, and that certain privileges and responsibilities come with being part of that community, such as participating in the Passover and following God's commands.
Reflection Questions
- What does it mean to be a temporary resident or hired hand in a spiritual sense, and how can I ensure I am not just a temporary resident in God's kingdom?
- How can I balance the need to welcome outsiders with the importance of preserving the integrity of our community and its practices, as seen in Exodus 12:45 and Acts 2:42-47?
- What are some ways that I can demonstrate my commitment to being part of God's covenant community, as emphasized in Exodus 12:45 and Genesis 17:10-14?
- In what ways can I ensure that I am not just going through the motions of religious rituals, but am truly invested in the spiritual significance of the Passover and other biblical practices, as seen in Exodus 12:45 and Matthew 15:8-9?
Gill's Exposition on Exodus 12:45
A foreigner and an hired servant shall not eat thereof. One of another nation, and one that was only hired by the day, week, or year; as they were not obliged to circumcision, so without it they had
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 12:45
A foreigner and an hired servant shall not eat thereof. A foreigner , [ towshaab (H8453)] - a stranger living in another country without the rights of citizenship (see the note at Exodus 12:19).
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Exodus 12:45
Except he submit to circumcision, as . See .
Trapp's Commentary on Exodus 12:45
Exodus 12:45 A foreigner and an hired servant shall not eat thereof.Ver. 45. A foreigner.] Unless a proselyte.
Ellicott's Commentary on Exodus 12:45
(45) An hired servant.—It is assumed that the hired servant will be a foreigner; otherwise, of course, he would participate.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Exodus 12:45
Verse 45. A foreigner] תושב toshab, from ישב yashab, to sit down or dwell; one who is a mere sojourner, for the purpose of traffic, merchandise, c., but who is neither a proselyte of the gate nor of the covenant. And a hired servant] Who, though he be bought with money, or has indented himself for a certain term to serve a Jew, yet has not become either a proselyte of the gate or of the covenant. None of these shall eat of it, because not circumcised - not brought under the bond of the covenant and not being under obligation to observe the Mosaic law, had no right to its privileges and blessings. Even under the Gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ, he is the author of eternal salvation only to them who OBEY him, Hebrews 5:9; and those who become Christians are chosen to salvation through SANCTIFICATION of the Spirit, and belief of the truth, 2 Thessalonians 2:13; for the grace of God, that bringeth salvation to all men, hath appeared, teaching us that, DENYING UNGODLINESS and WORLDLY LUSTS we should live SOBERLY, RIGHTEOUSLY, and GODLY, in this present world; Titus 2:11-12. Such persons only walk worthy of the vocation wherewith they are called.
Cambridge Bible on Exodus 12:45
45. The settler (tτshβb) and hired servant are not to eat of it. The technical distinction between the tτshβb and the gκr (v. 48) is not altogether clear. To judge from the etymology, the tτshβb was a foreigner, more permanently ‘settled’ in Israel than an ordinary gκr, and also perhaps (Leviticus 22:10; Leviticus 25:6) more definitely attached to a particular family (LXX. usually πάροικος), but, like the gκr, without civil rights, and dependent for his position on the good-will of his patronus (cf. Genesis 23:4, Leviticus 25:23, Psalms 39:12, 1 Chronicles 29:15): the word also occurs Leviticus 25:35; Leviticus 25:40; Leviticus 25:45; Leviticus 25:47 (twice), Numbers 35:15. RV. ‘sojourner,’ except Leviticus 25:6; Leviticus 25:45 ‘stranger.’ See further Bertholet, Die Stellung der Isr. zu den Fremden (1896), p. 157 ff. (cf. 172 f.), Bδ. p. 107, EB. iv. 4818. The ‘hired servant’ is associated, as here, in Leviticus 22:10; Leviticus 25:6; Leviticus 25:40, with the tτshβb, and in Leviticus 22:10 with the gκr as well, as having both similar disqualifications, and (Exodus 25:39 f.) similar rights; evidently he is to be thought of as a foreigner (cf. Leviticus 25:6 ‘that sojourn with thee’), whose rights are limited, and who is hired by his master, for fixed wages, for a longer or a shorter time. Why the same permission is not given to the ‘settler’ as to the ‘sojourner’ (v. 48) to partake of the Passover, if he is circumcised, is not apparent; perhaps (cf.
Bertholet, 159) he is included in v. 48 in the more general term gκr (cf. Lev_Exodus 25:6 end).
Barnes' Notes on Exodus 12:45
A foreigner - or sojourner: one who resides in a country, not having a permanent home, nor being attached to an Israelitish household.
Whedon's Commentary on Exodus 12:45
, Exio 12:43-50. This additional ordinance, defining the character of the participants in the passover feast, now became necessary, since aliens and strangers of various nations attached themselves to Israel. Exodus 12:38.
Sermons on Exodus 12:45
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
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The Greatest Text in the Bible by Paul Washer | In this sermon, the speaker discusses the choices we make in life and compares the idea of being confronted by a huge, intimidating man versus a small Martian. The speaker emphasiz |
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(Bible Analysis of Man) Man's Memory by Willie Mullan | In this sermon, the preacher highlights the lack of truth, mercy, and knowledge of God in the land. He emphasizes that many people go about their daily lives without remembering Go |
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The Invisible Cloud of Witnesses by Art Katz | In this sermon, the speaker reflects on the state of the world in the 20th century, expressing deep pessimism about mankind's ability to solve its problems. He emphasizes the need |
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Ruth by Jacob Prasch | In this sermon, the speaker addresses the relationship between the Church and Israel from the perspective of the bride. He emphasizes the importance of the Church being a woman of |
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Arab-05 Art's Testimony - a Wandering Jew by Art Katz | In this sermon, the speaker shares a personal testimony of his own conversion as a Jewish man. He describes how he was uprooted from his place of security and knowledge, leading to |
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Facts From the Past by Willie Mullan | In this sermon, the preacher discusses a paragraph from the scriptures that has been the subject of debates and arguments for years. The paragraph focuses on the resurrection of Je |
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Arab-05 Art Katz Testimony by Art Katz | In this sermon, the speaker shares his personal testimony of how he was uprooted from his place of security and knowledge in his 34th year. Despite achieving success as a professio |