Genesis 46:12
Genesis 46:12 in Multiple Translations
The sons of Judah: Er, Onan, Shelah, Perez, and Zerah; but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan. The sons of Perez: Hezron and Hamul.
¶ And the sons of Judah; Er, and Onan, and Shelah, and Pharez, and Zerah: but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan. And the sons of Pharez were Hezron and Hamul.
And the sons of Judah: Er, and Onan, and Shelah, and Perez, and Zerah; but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan. And the sons of Perez were Hezron and Hamul.
And the sons of Judah: Er and Onan and Shelah and Perez and Zerah: but Er and Onan had come to their death in the land of Canaan; and the sons of Perez were Hezron and Hamul.
The sons of Judah: Er, Onan, Shelah, Perez, and Zerah. However, Er and Onan died in Canaan. The sons of Perez: Hezron and Hamul.
Also the sonnes of Iudah: Er, and Onan, and Shelah, and Pharez, and Zerah: (but Er and Onan died in ye land of Canaan) And the sonnes of Pharez were Hezron and Hamul.
And sons of Judah: Er, and Onan, and Shelah, and Pharez, and Zarah, (and Er and Onan die in the land of Canaan.) And sons of Pharez are Hezron and Hamul.
The sons of Judah: Er, Onan, Shelah, Perez, and Zerah; but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan. The sons of Perez were Hezron and Hamul.
And the sons of Judah; Er, and Onan, and Shelah, and Pharez, and Zerah: but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan. And the sons of Pharez were Hezron, and Hamul.
The sons of Juda: Her and Onan and Sela and Phares and Zara. And Her and Onan died in the land of Chanaan. And sons were born to Phares: Hesron and Hamul.
Jacob and Leah’s next son was Judah. Judah’s sons were, – Er – Onan – Shelah – Perez – Zerah But Er and Onan already died in Canaan country. Perez’s sons were, – Hezron – Hamul
Berean Amplified Bible — Genesis 46:12
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
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Genesis 46:12 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וּ/בְנֵ֣י
יְהוּדָ֗ה
עֵ֧ר
וְ/אוֹנָ֛ן
וְ/שֵׁלָ֖ה
וָ/פֶ֣רֶץ
וָ/זָ֑רַח
וַ/יָּ֨מָת
עֵ֤ר
וְ/אוֹנָן֙
בְּ/אֶ֣רֶץ
כְּנַ֔עַן
וַ/יִּהְי֥וּ
בְנֵי
פֶ֖רֶץ
חֶצְר֥וֹן
וְ/חָמֽוּל
וּ/בְנֵ֣י
bên
H1121
son
Conj | N-mp
יְהוּדָ֗ה
Yᵉhûwdâh
H3063
Judah
N-proper
עֵ֧ר
ʻÊr
H6147
Er
N-proper
וְ/אוֹנָ֛ן
ʼÔwnân
H209
Onan
Conj | N-proper
וְ/שֵׁלָ֖ה
Shêlâh
H7956
Shelah
Conj | N-proper
וָ/פֶ֣רֶץ
Perets
H6557
Perez
Conj | N-proper
וָ/זָ֑רַח
Zerach
H2226
Zerah
Conj | N-proper
וַ/יָּ֨מָת
mûwth
H4191
to die
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
עֵ֤ר
ʻÊr
H6147
Er
N-proper
וְ/אוֹנָן֙
ʼÔwnân
H209
Onan
Conj | N-proper
בְּ/אֶ֣רֶץ
ʼerets
H776
land
Prep | N-cs
כְּנַ֔עַן
Kᵉnaʻan
H3667
Canaan
N-proper
וַ/יִּהְי֥וּ
hâyâh
H1961
to be
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp
בְנֵי
bên
H1121
son
N-mp
פֶ֖רֶץ
Perets
H6557
Perez
N-proper
חֶצְר֥וֹן
Chetsrôwn
H2696
Hezron
N-proper
וְ/חָמֽוּל
Châmûwl
H2538
Hamul
Conj | N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Genesis 46:12
וּ/בְנֵ֣י
bên
H1121
"son"
Conj | N-mp
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Definition: : child/son
Usage: Occurs in 3653 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth. See also: Genesis 3:16; Genesis 23:3; Genesis 34:18.
יְהוּדָ֗ה
Yᵉhûwdâh
H3063
"Judah"
N-proper
Judah is the name of the tribe descended from Judah, the son of Jacob. It is also the name of the region where the tribe lived. The name means 'praised' and is first mentioned in Genesis.
Definition: § Judah = "praised" the tribe descended from Judah the son of Jacob
Usage: Occurs in 754 OT verses. KJV: Judah. See also: Genesis 29:35; 1 Samuel 23:3; 2 Kings 14:13.
עֵ֧ר
ʻÊr
H6147
"Er"
N-proper
Er was the name of two Israelites, one of whom was the eldest son of Judah. He is mentioned in 1 Chronicles 4:21 as the son of Shelah and the father of Lecah. Er's name means awake in Hebrew.
Definition: A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, only mentioned at 1Ch.4.21; son of: Shelah (H7956); brother of: Laadah (H3935), Jokim (H3137), Joash (H3101K) and Saraph (H8315); father of: Lecah (H3922) § Er = "awake" 1) the eldest son of Judah 2) son of Shelah and grandson of Judah
Usage: Occurs in 7 OT verses. KJV: Er. See also: Genesis 38:3; Genesis 46:12; 1 Chronicles 4:21.
וְ/אוֹנָ֛ן
ʼÔwnân
H209
"Onan"
Conj | N-proper
Onan was a son of Judah, mentioned in Genesis 38:4, who failed to fulfill a family duty and was slain by God. He was the brother of Er and Shelah. Onan means strong.
Definition: A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Gen.38.4; son of: Judah (H3063) and Bath-shua (H1323I) ; brother of: Er (H6147) and Shelah (H7956); half-brother of: Perez (H6557) and Zerah (H2226I) § Onan = "strong" second son of Judah, slain by God for not fulfilling the levitical requirement to beget a child with the wife of a dead, childless brother
Usage: Occurs in 6 OT verses. KJV: Onan. See also: Genesis 38:4; Genesis 46:12; 1 Chronicles 2:3.
וְ/שֵׁלָ֖ה
Shêlâh
H7956
"Shelah"
Conj | N-proper
Shelah was a man in the Bible, the son of Judah and Bath-shua, and is mentioned in Genesis 38:5. He was a patriarch and had several sons, including Er and Laadah.
Definition: A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Gen.38.5; son of: Judah (H3063) and Bath-shua (H1323I); brother of: Er (H6147) and Onan (H0209); half-brother of: Perez (H6557) and Zerah (H2226I); father of: Er (H6147H), Laadah (H3935), Jokim (H3137), Joash (H3101K) and Saraph (H8315); also called Shelanite at Num.26.20; Also named: she.la.ni (שֵׁלָנִי "Shelanite" H8024) § Shelah = "a petition" the youngest son of Judah
Usage: Occurs in 8 OT verses. KJV: Shelah. See also: Genesis 38:5; Genesis 46:12; 1 Chronicles 4:21.
וָ/פֶ֣רֶץ
Perets
H6557
"Perez"
Conj | N-proper
Perez was an Israelite, the son of Judah and Tamar, and the twin brother of Zerah. His name means breach, and he was an ancestor of two families of Judah, the Hezronites and the Hamulites.
Definition: A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Gen.38.29; son of: Judah (H3063) and Tamar (H8559); brother of: Zerah (H2226I); half-brother of: Er (H6147), Onan (H0209) and Shelah (H7956); father of: Hezron (H2696H) and Hamul (H2538) § Perez or Pharez = "breach" twin son with Zarah of Judah by Tamar and ancestor of two families of Judah, the Hezronites and Hamulites; from the Hezronites came the royal line of David and Christ
Usage: Occurs in 13 OT verses. KJV: Perez, Pharez. See also: Genesis 38:29; 1 Chronicles 2:4; Nehemiah 11:6.
וָ/זָ֑רַח
Zerach
H2226
"Zerah"
Conj | N-proper
Zerach was a man in the Bible, mentioned in Genesis and Numbers. He was a son of Simeon and had several brothers. The name Zerach means 'rising' and is also used for other people in the Bible.
Definition: A man of the tribe of Simeon living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Gen.46.10; son of: Simeon (H8095); brother of: Jemuel (H3223), Jamin (H3226), Ohad (H0161), Jachin (H3199) and Shaul (H7586H); also called Zerah at Num.26.13,20; 2x27.11,13; § Zerah or Zarah = "rising" 1) a son of Reuel and grandson of Esau, one of the dukes of the Edomites 2) twin brother of Pharez, sons of Judah and Tamar; descendants are called Zarhites, Ezrahites, and Izrahites 3) son of Simeon; also called 'Zohar' 4) a Gershonite Levite, son of Iddo of Adaiah 5) the Ethiopian or Cushite, invader of Judah in the reign of Asa who defeated the invaders; probably the same as the Egyptian king Usarken I, second king of the Egyptian 22nd dynasty or perhaps more probably Usarken II, his 2nd successor 6) another Edomite leader; possibly same as 1
Usage: Occurs in 21 OT verses. KJV: Zarah, Zerah. See also: Genesis 36:13; Joshua 22:20; Nehemiah 11:24.
וַ/יָּ֨מָת
mûwth
H4191
"to die"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to die, either literally or as a punishment, and is used in books like Genesis and Exodus. It can also mean to perish or be killed. This concept is seen in the story of Adam and Eve, where death enters the world as a result of sin.
Definition: 1) to die, kill, have one executed 1a)(Qal) 1a1) to die 1a2) to die (as penalty), be put to death 1a3) to die, perish (of a nation) 1a4) to die prematurely (by neglect of wise moral conduct) 1b) (Polel) to kill, put to death, dispatch 1c) (Hiphil) to kill, put to death 1d) (Hophal) 1d1) to be killed, be put to death 1d1a) to die prematurely
Usage: Occurs in 695 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] at all, [idiom] crying, (be) dead (body, man, one), (put to, worthy of) death, destroy(-er), (cause to, be like to, must) die, kill, necro(-mancer), [idiom] must needs, slay, [idiom] surely, [idiom] very suddenly, [idiom] in (no) wise. See also: Genesis 2:17; Exodus 21:18; Numbers 35:21.
עֵ֤ר
ʻÊr
H6147
"Er"
N-proper
Er was the name of two Israelites, one of whom was the eldest son of Judah. He is mentioned in 1 Chronicles 4:21 as the son of Shelah and the father of Lecah. Er's name means awake in Hebrew.
Definition: A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, only mentioned at 1Ch.4.21; son of: Shelah (H7956); brother of: Laadah (H3935), Jokim (H3137), Joash (H3101K) and Saraph (H8315); father of: Lecah (H3922) § Er = "awake" 1) the eldest son of Judah 2) son of Shelah and grandson of Judah
Usage: Occurs in 7 OT verses. KJV: Er. See also: Genesis 38:3; Genesis 46:12; 1 Chronicles 4:21.
וְ/אוֹנָן֙
ʼÔwnân
H209
"Onan"
Conj | N-proper
Onan was a son of Judah, mentioned in Genesis 38:4, who failed to fulfill a family duty and was slain by God. He was the brother of Er and Shelah. Onan means strong.
Definition: A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Gen.38.4; son of: Judah (H3063) and Bath-shua (H1323I) ; brother of: Er (H6147) and Shelah (H7956); half-brother of: Perez (H6557) and Zerah (H2226I) § Onan = "strong" second son of Judah, slain by God for not fulfilling the levitical requirement to beget a child with the wife of a dead, childless brother
Usage: Occurs in 6 OT verses. KJV: Onan. See also: Genesis 38:4; Genesis 46:12; 1 Chronicles 2:3.
בְּ/אֶ֣רֶץ
ʼerets
H776
"land"
Prep | N-cs
The land or earth refers to the soil or ground, and can also mean a country, territory, or region. In the Bible, it is used to describe the earth and its inhabitants, and is often translated as 'land' or 'country'.
Definition: : soil 1) land, earth 1a) earth 1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part) 1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven) 1a3) earth (inhabitants) 1b) land 1b1) country, territory 1b2) district, region 1b3) tribal territory 1b4) piece of ground 1b5) land of Canaan, Israel 1b6) inhabitants of land 1b7) Sheol, land without return, (under) world 1b8) city (-state) 1c) ground, surface of the earth 1c1) ground 1c2) soil 1d) (in phrases) 1d1) people of the land 1d2) space or distance of country (in measurements of distance) 1d3) level or plain country 1d4) land of the living 1d5) end(s) of the earth 1e) (almost wholly late in usage) 1e1) lands, countries 1e1a) often in contrast to Canaan
Usage: Occurs in 2190 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] common, country, earth, field, ground, land, [idiom] natins, way, [phrase] wilderness, world. See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 18:18; Genesis 42:13.
כְּנַ֔עַן
Kᵉnaʻan
H3667
"Canaan"
N-proper
Canaan was a son of Ham and the name of the country where he lived, which is now modern-day Israel. The Canaanites were known for being merchants and traders, as seen in Genesis and other books.
Definition: A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.9.18; son of: Ham (H2526); brother of: Cush (H3568), Egypt (H4714) and Put (H6316); father of: Sidon (H6721), Heth (H2845), Jebusite (H2983), Amorite (H0567), Girgashite (H1622), Hivite (H2340), Arkite (H6208), Sinite (H5513), Arvadite (H0721), Zemarite (H6786) and Hamathite (H2577) § merchant, trader
Usage: Occurs in 91 OT verses. KJV: Canaan, merchant, traffick. See also: Genesis 9:18; Exodus 6:4; Psalms 105:11.
וַ/יִּהְי֥וּ
hâyâh
H1961
"to be"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp
The Hebrew word for to be means to exist or come into being. It is used to describe something that happens or comes to pass, like in Genesis where God creates the world.
Definition: 1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out 1a) (Qal) 1a1) --- 1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass 1a1b) to come about, come to pass 1a2) to come into being, become 1a2a) to arise, appear, come 1a2b) to become 1a2b1) to become 1a2b2) to become like 1a2b3) to be instituted, be established 1a3) to be 1a3a) to exist, be in existence 1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time) 1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality) 1a3d) to accompany, be with 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about 1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone
Usage: Occurs in 3131 OT verses. KJV: beacon, [idiom] altogether, be(-come), accomplished, committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint, fall, [phrase] follow, happen, [idiom] have, last, pertain, quit (one-) self, require, [idiom] use. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 17:4; Genesis 36:11.
בְנֵי
bên
H1121
"son"
N-mp
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Definition: : child/son
Usage: Occurs in 3653 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth. See also: Genesis 3:16; Genesis 23:3; Genesis 34:18.
פֶ֖רֶץ
Perets
H6557
"Perez"
N-proper
Perez was an Israelite, the son of Judah and Tamar, and the twin brother of Zerah. His name means breach, and he was an ancestor of two families of Judah, the Hezronites and the Hamulites.
Definition: A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Gen.38.29; son of: Judah (H3063) and Tamar (H8559); brother of: Zerah (H2226I); half-brother of: Er (H6147), Onan (H0209) and Shelah (H7956); father of: Hezron (H2696H) and Hamul (H2538) § Perez or Pharez = "breach" twin son with Zarah of Judah by Tamar and ancestor of two families of Judah, the Hezronites and Hamulites; from the Hezronites came the royal line of David and Christ
Usage: Occurs in 13 OT verses. KJV: Perez, Pharez. See also: Genesis 38:29; 1 Chronicles 2:4; Nehemiah 11:6.
חֶצְר֥וֹן
Chetsrôwn
H2696
"Hezron"
N-proper
Hezron refers to a place in southern Judah and two Israelites. The name means surrounded by a wall, similar to Hazor.
Definition: Hezron = "surrounded by a wall" a place in the extreme south of Judah Another name of cha.tsor (חָצוֹר "Hazor" H2674G)
Usage: Occurs in 17 OT verses. KJV: Hezron. See also: Genesis 46:9; Ruth 4:19; 1 Chronicles 5:3.
וְ/חָמֽוּל
Châmûwl
H2538
"Hamul"
Conj | N-proper
Hamul was an Israelite from the tribe of Judah, the son of Perez and the brother of Hezron. His name means spared. He is mentioned in Genesis 46:12 as the younger son of Pharez.
Definition: A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Gen.46.12; son of: Perez (H6557); brother of: Hezron (H2696H) Also named: cha.mu.li (חָמוּלִי "Hamulite" H2539) § Hamul = "spared" the younger son of Pharez, Judah's son by Tamar
Usage: Occurs in 3 OT verses. KJV: Hamul. See also: Genesis 46:12; Numbers 26:21; 1 Chronicles 2:5.
Study Notes — Genesis 46:12
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Genesis 46:12 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Genesis 46:12
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Genesis 46:12
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Genesis 46:12
- Trapp's Commentary on Genesis 46:12
- Ellicott's Commentary on Genesis 46:12
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on Genesis 46:12
- Cambridge Bible on Genesis 46:12
- Whedon's Commentary on Genesis 46:12
- Sermons on Genesis 46:12
Context — The Children of Leah
10The sons of Simeon: Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jachin, Zohar, and Shaul the son of a Canaanite woman.
11The sons of Levi: Gershon, Kohath, and Merari.
12The sons of Judah: Er, Onan, Shelah, Perez, and Zerah; but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan. The sons of Perez: Hezron and Hamul.
13The sons of Issachar: Tola, Puvah, Job, and Shimron. 14The sons of Zebulun: Sered, Elon, and Jahleel.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Chronicles 4:21 | The sons of Shelah son of Judah: Er the father of Lecah, Laadah the father of Mareshah and the clans of the linen workers at Beth-ashbea, |
| 2 | Genesis 38:10 | What he did was wicked in the sight of the LORD, so He put Onan to death as well. |
| 3 | Genesis 29:35 | And once more she conceived and gave birth to a son and said, “This time I will praise the LORD.” So she named him Judah. Then Leah stopped having children. |
| 4 | Genesis 38:7 | But Er, Judah’s firstborn, was wicked in the sight of the LORD; so the LORD put him to death. |
| 5 | Genesis 38:1–3 | About that time, Judah left his brothers and settled near a man named Hirah, an Adullamite. There Judah saw the daughter of a Canaanite man named Shua, and he took her as a wife and slept with her. So she conceived and gave birth to a son, and Judah named him Er. |
| 6 | 1 Chronicles 2:1 | These were the sons of Israel: Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun, |
| 7 | Hebrews 7:14 | For it is clear that our Lord descended from Judah, a tribe as to which Moses said nothing about priests. |
| 8 | Genesis 38:24–30 | About three months later, Judah was told, “Your daughter-in-law Tamar has prostituted herself, and now she is pregnant.” “Bring her out!” Judah replied. “Let her be burned to death!” As she was being brought out, Tamar sent a message to her father-in-law: “I am pregnant by the man to whom these items belong.” And she added, “Please examine them. Whose seal and cord and staff are these?” Judah recognized the items and said, “She is more righteous than I, since I did not give her to my son Shelah.” And he did not have relations with her again. When the time came for Tamar to give birth, there were twins in her womb. And as she was giving birth, one of them put out his hand; so the midwife took a scarlet thread and tied it around his wrist. “This one came out first,” she announced. But when he pulled his hand back and his brother came out, she said, “You have broken out first!” So he was named Perez. Then his brother came out with the scarlet thread around his wrist, and he was named Zerah. |
| 9 | Psalms 78:68 | But He chose the tribe of Judah, Mount Zion, which He loved. |
| 10 | Judges 1:2 | “Judah shall go up,” answered the LORD. “Indeed, I have delivered the land into their hands.” |
Genesis 46:12 Summary
This verse lists the sons of Judah, including Er, Onan, Shelah, Perez, and Zerah, and notes that Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan. The story of Judah's sons is a reminder that God is sovereign over all things, even in the midst of sin and death (Romans 8:28). The fact that Perez and Zerah are mentioned as sons of Judah points to the fulfillment of God's promise to Judah in Genesis 49:10. As we read this verse, we are reminded that God's plan is always bigger than our circumstances, and that He is working all things together for our good (Genesis 50:20).
Frequently Asked Questions
Why are Er and Onan mentioned as dying in the land of Canaan in Genesis 46:12?
Er and Onan are mentioned as dying in the land of Canaan because their actions were displeasing to God, as seen in Genesis 38:7-10, and their deaths serve as a reminder of God's judgment on sin.
What is the significance of Perez and Zerah being mentioned as sons of Judah in this verse?
Perez and Zerah are significant because they are the twin sons of Judah and Tamar, and their story is told in Genesis 38:27-30, highlighting God's providence and sovereignty in the lives of His people.
How does the mention of Hezron and Hamul as sons of Perez relate to the larger story of the Bible?
Hezron and Hamul are part of the genealogy of Jesus Christ, as seen in Matthew 1:3 and Luke 3:33, demonstrating the fulfillment of God's promise to Judah in Genesis 49:10.
What can we learn from the fact that some of Judah's sons died in the land of Canaan?
The fact that some of Judah's sons died in the land of Canaan serves as a reminder that sin has consequences, and that God's judgment is real, as seen in Romans 6:23 and Hebrews 10:31.
Reflection Questions
- What does this verse reveal about God's character and His relationship with His people?
- How does the story of Judah's sons encourage or challenge me in my own walk with God?
- What does the mention of Er and Onan's death in the land of Canaan teach me about the consequences of sin?
- How does the genealogy of Judah's sons point me to the larger story of God's redemption in Jesus Christ?
Gill's Exposition on Genesis 46:12
And the sons of Judah, Er, and Onan, and Shelah, and Pharez, and Zarah,.... Five of them: but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan; and so did not go with Jacob into Egypt; and which is observed
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Genesis 46:12
And the sons of Judah; Er, and Onan, and Shelah, and Pharez, and Zerah: but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan. And the sons of Pharez were Hezron and Hamul. The sons of Judah.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Genesis 46:12
Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan, and therefore are not contained in the following number, . Hezron and Hamul, though they seem to have been born in Egypt, yet are here set down amongst those who came into Egypt, because they came thither in their father’ s loins, as Levi is said to pay tithes in Abraham, . And the children may as well be said to come thither in their parents, as their father Jacob is said to return from thence, , in his children. Object. If this be the sense, why should these two be mentioned rather than the grandchildren of the other brethren, who came into Egypt in the same manner? Answ. This may be done either, 1. From some special excellency or eminency in them above the rest, as Hezron was eminent for being the progenitor of the Messiah, and Hamul might be so for some other cause, though unknown to us. Or, 2. Because they were the first grandchildren that were born in Egypt, and it may be all that were born whilst Jacob lived there, and therefore are not unfitly named with Jacob, and allotted to him; as Joseph’ s two eldest sons, Ephraim and Manasseh, were by Jacob appropriated to himself, and reckoned as his immediate sons, when all the rest of Joseph’ s sons were excluded from that privilege, ,6.
And the like may be said of the other two grandchildren mentioned .
Trapp's Commentary on Genesis 46:12
Genesis 46:12 And the sons of Judah; Er, and Onan, and Shelah, and Pharez, and Zerah: but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan. And the sons of Pharez were Hezron and Hamul.Ver. 12. And the sons of Pharez were Hezron.] Hezron and Hamul, not yet born, are reckoned instead of Er and Onan, who were dead before the descent into Egypt. See Funccius’ s Chronolog. Comment., A.M. 2273.
Ellicott's Commentary on Genesis 46:12
(12) Judan has five sons, of whom Er and Onan die prematurely. The names of the other three are Shelah. Pharez, and Zarah (spelt correctly Zerah in Numbers 26:20; 1 Chronicles 2:4). So also the right spelling is Pherez, and not Pharez. In 1 Chronicles 4:1 Judah has five sons: Pharez, Hezron, Carini, Hur, and Shobal, and Shelah is also mentioned there in Genesis 46:21, but see Note there.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Genesis 46:12
Verse 12. The sons of Pharez were Hezron and Hamul.] It is not likely that Pharez was more than ten years of age when he came into Egypt, and if so he could not have had children; therefore it is necessary to consider Hezron and Hamul as being born during the seventeen years that Jacob sojourned in Egypt, See Clarke on Genesis 46:8: and it appears necessary, for several reasons, to take these seventeen years into the account, as it is very probable that what is called the going down into Egypt includes the seventeen years which Jacob spent there.
Cambridge Bible on Genesis 46:12
12. As Numbers 26:20 f. Er … Onan] See Genesis 38:3-10. The note, in this verse, on their death is probably a later insertion for the purpose of harmonizing the numerical computation in Genesis 46:15. Shelah] See Genesis 38:5. Perez … Zerah] See Genesis 38:29-30. Hezron] See note on Genesis 46:9.
Whedon's Commentary on Genesis 46:12
12. Hezron and Hamul — The probable reason for reckoning these among the seventy (Genesis 46:27) was, that they were adopted by Judah in place of the deceased Er and Onan, who died in the land of Canaan.
Sermons on Genesis 46:12
| Sermon | Description | |
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(Genesis) Genesis 38:1-11 by J. Vernon McGee | In this sermon, the preacher focuses on the story of Judah from the book of Genesis, specifically chapter 38. Judah, a member of the kingly line, goes down to do business and encou |
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God's Dealing With Sin and the Sinner by Horatius Bonar | Horatius Bonar emphasizes God's serious and decisive approach to sin and the sinner, illustrated through the fate of Er, the first-born of Judah, who was slain by God for his wicke |
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Genesis by Jim Cymbala | Jim Cymbala preaches on Genesis 38, focusing on the flawed character of Judah and the messy circumstances surrounding his family. He emphasizes that despite Judah's moral failures, |
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(Genesis) 54 - Judah and the Messianic Succession by S. Lewis Johnson | In this sermon, the speaker focuses on the story of Judah and Tamar from the book of Genesis. The sermon begins by highlighting the possibility of evil that exists within human nat |
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Our Daily Homily - 1 Chronicles by F.B. Meyer | F.B. Meyer reflects on the genealogies in 1 Chronicles, emphasizing the significance of each name as a testament to God's love and purpose for humanity. He warns that while our liv |
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Hebrews Melchisedec's Priesthood by Billy Strachan | In this sermon, the speaker shares his experience of encountering various gatekeepers and secretaries before meeting someone important. He emphasizes the importance of manners and |
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Concerning the Messiah's Lineage and Descent. by John Gill | John Gill discusses the lineage and descent of the Messiah, emphasizing that He was prophesied to arise from the nation of Israel, specifically from the tribe of Judah and the hous |