Joshua 12:4
Joshua 12:4 in Multiple Translations
And Og king of Bashan, one of the remnant of the Rephaim, who lived in Ashtaroth and Edrei.
¶ And the coast of Og king of Bashan, which was of the remnant of the giants, that dwelt at Ashtaroth and at Edrei,
and the border of Og king of Bashan, of the remnant of the Rephaim, who dwelt at Ashtaroth and at Edrei,
And the land of Og, king of Bashan, of the rest of the Rephaim, who was living at Ashtaroth and at Edrei,
King Og of Bashan, one of the last of the Rephaites, who lived in Ashtaroth and Edrei,
They conquered also the coast of Og King of Bashan of the remnant of the gyants, which dwelt at Ashtaroth, and at Edrei,
And the border of Og king of Bashan (of the remnant of the Rephaim), who is dwelling in Ashtaroth and in Edrei,
and the border of Og king of Bashan, of the remnant of the Rephaim, who lived at Ashtaroth and at Edrei,
And the coast of Og king of Bashan, who was of the remnant of the giants, that dwelt at Ashtaroth and at Edrei,
The border of Og the king of Basan, of the remnant of the Raphaims who dwelt in Astaroth, and in Edrai, and had dominion in mount Hermon, and in Salecha, and in all Basan, unto the borders
The other king whom the Israeli army defeated was Og, the king of the Bashan region. He was the last of the descendants of the giant Rapha. He ruled that land, living alternately in Ashtaroth and Edrei cities.
Berean Amplified Bible — Joshua 12:4
BAB
Word Study
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Joshua 12:4 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וּ/גְב֗וּל
ע֚וֹג
מֶ֣לֶךְ
הַ/בָּשָׁ֔ן
מִ/יֶּ֖תֶר
הָ/רְפָאִ֑ים
הַ/יּוֹשֵׁ֥ב
בְּ/עַשְׁתָּר֖וֹת
וּ/בְ/אֶדְרֶֽעִי
וּ/גְב֗וּל
gᵉbûwl
H1366
border
Conj | N-ms
ע֚וֹג
ʻÔwg
H5747
Og
N-proper
מֶ֣לֶךְ
melek
H4428
King's
N-ms
הַ/בָּשָׁ֔ן
Bâshân
H1316
Bashan
Art | N-proper
מִ/יֶּ֖תֶר
yether
H3499
remainder
Prep | N-ms
הָ/רְפָאִ֑ים
râphâʼ
H7497
Rapha
Art | N-proper
הַ/יּוֹשֵׁ֥ב
yâshab
H3427
to dwell
Art | V-Qal
בְּ/עַשְׁתָּר֖וֹת
ʻAshtârôwth
H6252
Ashtaroth
Prep | N-proper
וּ/בְ/אֶדְרֶֽעִי
ʼedreʻîy
H154
Edrei
Conj | Prep | N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Joshua 12:4
וּ/גְב֗וּל
gᵉbûwl
H1366
"border"
Conj | N-ms
This word refers to a boundary or border, like the borders of the Promised Land in Numbers 34:1-12. It can also mean a region or territory, as in the borders of Israel in 1 Kings 8:65.
Definition: : boundary 1) border, territory 1a) border 1b) territory (enclosed within boundary) 1c) region, territory (of darkness) (fig.) Also means: ge.vul (גְּבוּל ": area" H1366H)
Usage: Occurs in 196 OT verses. KJV: border, bound, coast, [idiom] great, landmark, limit, quarter, space. See also: Genesis 10:19; Joshua 19:33; Psalms 78:54.
ע֚וֹג
ʻÔwg
H5747
"Og"
N-proper
Og was a powerful king of Bashan, mentioned in Numbers 21, and was one of the last giants of the Rephaim. His name means long-necked and he is known for his strength. Og was defeated by the Israelites.
Definition: A man of Bashan living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Num.21.33 § Og = "long-necked" the Amorite king of Bashan and one of the last representatives of the giants of Rephaim
Usage: Occurs in 22 OT verses. KJV: Og. See also: Numbers 21:33; Deuteronomy 31:4; Psalms 135:11.
מֶ֣לֶךְ
melek
H4428
"King's"
N-ms
This word refers to a king or royal person, like King David or King Saul. It can also describe something related to a king, like the King's Valley in Genesis. The Bible often uses this word to talk about the rulers of Israel.
Definition: King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)
Usage: Occurs in 1919 OT verses. KJV: king, royal. See also: Genesis 14:1; Joshua 10:39; 1 Samuel 16:1.
הַ/בָּשָׁ֔ן
Bâshân
H1316
"Bashan"
Art | N-proper
Bashan was a fertile region east of the Jordan River, given to the half-tribe of Manasseh. It was known for its fruitfulness and is mentioned in the Bible as a significant area.
Definition: § Bashan = "fruitful" a district east of the Jordan known for its fertility which was given to the half-tribe of Manasseh
Usage: Occurs in 53 OT verses. KJV: Bashan. See also: Numbers 21:33; Joshua 21:27; Psalms 22:13.
מִ/יֶּ֖תֶר
yether
H3499
"remainder"
Prep | N-ms
A cord or rope, also meaning excess or remainder, as seen in the Bible's descriptions of leftovers or abundant resources.
Definition: 1) remainder, excess, rest, remnant, excellence 1a) remainder, remnant 1b) remainder, rest, other part 1c) excess 1d) abundantly (adv) 1e) abundance, affluence 1f) superiority, excellency
Usage: Occurs in 95 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] abundant, cord, exceeding, excellancy(-ent), what they leave, that hath left, plentifully, remnant, residue, rest, string, with. See also: Genesis 49:3; 2 Kings 15:26; Psalms 11:2.
הָ/רְפָאִ֑ים
râphâʼ
H7497
"Rapha"
Art | N-proper
The Raphaite were a group of giants, including Goliath, mentioned in 2 Samuel 21:16, who lived during the time of King David.
Definition: A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.21.16; father of: Goliath (H1555), Ishbi-benob (H3430), Saph (H5593), Lahmi (H3902), huge_man (H4060A); also translated "giant"; Also named: re.pha.im (רְפָאִים "Raphaite" H7497H) § giant, Rephah
Usage: Occurs in 24 OT verses. KJV: giant, Rapha, Rephaim(-s). See also H1051 (בֵּית רָפָא). See also: Genesis 14:5; 2 Samuel 5:22; Isaiah 17:5.
הַ/יּוֹשֵׁ֥ב
yâshab
H3427
"to dwell"
Art | V-Qal
This verb means to sit or dwell, and can also mean to remain or abide. It's used in the Bible to describe people living in a place or staying with someone, like in the book of Genesis.
Definition: 1) to dwell, remain, sit, abide 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to sit, sit down 1a2) to be set 1a3) to remain, stay 1a4) to dwell, have one's abode 1b) (Niphal) to be inhabited 1c) (Piel) to set, place 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to cause to sit 1d2) to cause to abide, set 1d3) to cause to dwell 1d4) to cause (cities) to be inhabited 1d5) to marry (give an dwelling to) 1e) (Hophal) 1e1) to be inhabited 1e2) to make to dwell Aramaic equivalent: ye.tiv (יְתִב "to dwell" H3488)
Usage: Occurs in 977 OT verses. KJV: (make to) abide(-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-ing), ease self, endure, establish, [idiom] fail, habitation, haunt, (make to) inhabit(-ant), make to keep (house), lurking, [idiom] marry(-ing), (bring again to) place, remain, return, seat, set(-tle), (down-) sit(-down, still, -ting down, -ting (place) -uate), take, tarry. See also: Genesis 4:16; Leviticus 25:18; Joshua 13:6.
בְּ/עַשְׁתָּר֖וֹת
ʻAshtârôwth
H6252
"Ashtaroth"
Prep | N-proper
Ashtaroth refers to a Sidonian deity and a place east of the Jordan, given to Manasseh. It means star and is associated with the city in Bashan. The KJV translates it as Asharoth or Astaroth.
Definition: § Ashtaroth or Astaroth = "star" a city in Bashan east of the Jordan given to Manasseh
Usage: Occurs in 12 OT verses. KJV: Asharoth, Astaroth. See also H1045 (בֵּית עַשְׁתָּרוֹת), H6253 (עַשְׁתֹּרֶת), H6255 (עַשְׁתְּרֹת קַרְנַיִם). See also: Deuteronomy 1:4; Judges 10:6; 1 Chronicles 6:56.
וּ/בְ/אֶדְרֶֽעִי
ʼedreʻîy
H154
"Edrei"
Conj | Prep | N-proper
Edrei was a chief city in Bashan, north of the Jabbok river, and its name means 'goodly pasture'. The city is mentioned in the book of Deuteronomy and was an important location in the biblical account of Israel's history.
Definition: § Edrei = "goodly pasture" a chief city of Bashan, north of Jabbok river
Usage: Occurs in 8 OT verses. KJV: Edrei. See also: Numbers 21:33; Joshua 12:4; Joshua 19:37.
Study Notes — Joshua 12:4
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Joshua 12:4 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Joshua 12:4
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Joshua 12:4
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Joshua 12:4
- Trapp's Commentary on Joshua 12:4
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on Joshua 12:4
- Cambridge Bible on Joshua 12:4
- Whedon's Commentary on Joshua 12:4
Context — The Kings Defeated East of the Jordan
2Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon. He ruled from Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Valley, along the middle of the valley, up to the Jabbok River (the border of the Ammonites), that is, half of Gilead,
3as well as the Arabah east of the Sea of Chinnereth to the Sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea ), eastward through Beth-jeshimoth, and southward below the slopes of Pisgah.
4And Og king of Bashan, one of the remnant of the Rephaim, who lived in Ashtaroth and Edrei.
5He ruled over Mount Hermon, Salecah, all of Bashan up to the border of the Geshurites and Maacathites, and half of Gilead to the border of Sihon king of Heshbon. 6Moses, the servant of the LORD, and the Israelites had struck them down and given their land as an inheritance to the Reubenites, the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Deuteronomy 1:4 | This was after he had defeated Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon, and then at Edrei had defeated Og king of Bashan, who lived in Ashtaroth. |
| 2 | Deuteronomy 3:10–11 | all the cities of the plateau, all of Gilead, and all of Bashan as far as the cities of Salecah and Edrei in the kingdom of Og. (For only Og king of Bashan had remained of the remnant of the Rephaim. His bed of iron, nine cubits long and four cubits wide, is still in Rabbah of the Ammonites.) |
| 3 | Joshua 13:12 | the whole kingdom of Og in Bashan, who had reigned in Ashtaroth and Edrei and had remained as a remnant of the Rephaim. Moses had struck them down and dispossessed them, |
| 4 | Numbers 21:33–35 | Then they turned and went up the road to Bashan, and Og king of Bashan and his whole army came out to meet them in battle at Edrei. But the LORD said to Moses, “Do not fear him, for I have delivered him into your hand, along with all his people and his land. Do to him as you did to Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon.” So they struck down Og, along with his sons and his whole army, until no remnant was left. And they took possession of his land. |
| 5 | Deuteronomy 3:1–7 | Then we turned and went up the road to Bashan, and Og king of Bashan and his whole army came out to meet us in battle at Edrei. But the LORD said to me, “Do not fear him, for I have delivered him into your hand, along with all his people and his land. Do to him as you did to Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon.” So the LORD our God also delivered Og king of Bashan and his whole army into our hands. We struck them down until no survivor was left. At that time we captured all sixty of his cities. There was not a single city we failed to take—the entire region of Argob, the kingdom of Og in Bashan. All these cities were fortified with high walls and gates and bars, and there were many more unwalled villages. We devoted them to destruction, as we had done to Sihon king of Heshbon, utterly destroying the men, women, and children of every city. But all the livestock and plunder of the cities we carried off for ourselves. |
Joshua 12:4 Summary
This verse tells us about Og king of Bashan, a powerful king who lived in a place called Ashtaroth and Edrei. He was one of the last of a group of giant-like people called the Rephaim. As we read in Deuteronomy 3:11, Og was a very large and powerful man, but God was even more powerful and helped the Israelites defeat him. This story reminds us that God is always with us and helps us overcome our own challenges, just like He helped the Israelites (as seen in Joshua 1:9 and Hebrews 13:5-6).
Frequently Asked Questions
Who was Og king of Bashan and what was his significance?
Og king of Bashan was one of the remnant of the Rephaim, a giant-like people mentioned in Deuteronomy 3:11, and his significance lies in his defeat by Moses and the Israelites, as recorded in Numbers 21:33-35 and Deuteronomy 3:1-7.
What does it mean that Og was one of the remnant of the Rephaim?
The Rephaim were a group of giant-like people mentioned in several Bible verses, including Genesis 14:5 and 15:20, and being a remnant of them means that Og was one of the last or remaining members of this group.
What can we learn from Og's story about God's power and faithfulness?
Og's story demonstrates God's power and faithfulness, as seen in the victories of the Israelites over their enemies, and it points to the greater victory of God over all enemies, as promised in Isaiah 25:8 and 1 Corinthians 15:55-57.
How does Og's story relate to the broader narrative of the Bible?
Og's story is part of the larger narrative of God's covenant with the Israelites and His promise to give them the land of Canaan, as seen in Genesis 12:7 and Exodus 23:31, and it foreshadows the ultimate victory of God over all enemies and the establishment of His kingdom, as seen in Revelation 20:1-6 and 21:1-4.
Reflection Questions
- What does this verse reveal about the character and power of God, and how can I apply this to my own life?
- How does the story of Og king of Bashan relate to my own struggles and victories, and what can I learn from it about trusting in God?
- What does it mean to be a 'remnant' of something, and how can I identify with this concept in my own life and spiritual journey?
- How can I, like Moses and the Israelites, trust in God's power and faithfulness to overcome the challenges and enemies in my life?
Gill's Exposition on Joshua 12:4
And the coast of Og king of Bashan,.... The country that he reigned over, who was another king of the Amorites, smitten by Israel in the times of Moses: [which was] of the remnant of the giants; [See
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Joshua 12:4
Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is upon the bank of the river Arnon, and from the middle of the river, and from half Gilead, even unto the river Jabbok,
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Joshua 12:4
To wit, successively; sometimes at the one, sometimes at the other city; both being his royal mansions.
Trapp's Commentary on Joshua 12:4
Joshua 12:4 And the coast of Og king of Bashan, [which was] of the remnant of the giants, that dwelt at Ashtaroth and at Edrei,Ver. 4. Which was of the remnant of giants.] Slain by the Ammonites. Raphaims, they called themselves, that is, Physicians or Preservers; but indeed they were Zamzummims, that is, boisterous and abominable. Nomen inane, crimen immane.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Joshua 12:4
Verse 4. Coast of Og king of Bashan] Concerning this person see the notes on Deuteronomy 3:11, and on Numbers 21:35, c. The remnant or the giants] Or, Rephaim. See the notes on Genesis 6:4; Genesis 14:5, and Deuteronomy 2:7; Deuteronomy 2:11.
Cambridge Bible on Joshua 12:4
4. the coast of Og] See Numbers 21:33; Numbers 21:35; Deuteronomy 3:4; Deuteronomy 3:10. at Ashtaroth] The residence of Og. It is now called Tel Ashterah, or Asherah. The Tel (hill) rises to a height of between fifty and a hundred feet from the level of the plain, in which ruins lie scattered. At the foot of the hill are ancient foundations of walls and copious springs. at Edrei] = Strength. Here, “in the Thermopylæ of his kingdom,” Og was slain. See Numbers 21:33-35; Deuteronomy 3:1-3. On a rocky promontory, 1½ miles wide, and 2½ miles long, south-west of the basaltic district of Argob, rose the city, “without water, without access save over rocks, and through defiles almost impracticable. Strength and security seem to have been the great objects kept in view, and to these all other advantages were sacrificed.” By the Greeks it was called Adraa; by the Crusaders Adratum, also Civitas Bernardi de Stampis, now Edr’a. In a.d. 1142 the Crusaders under Baldwin III. made a sudden attack upon it, but without success. The historian of the Crusades, in his account of this incident, refers to the immense subterranean cisterns that abound in the neighbourhood of the city, among the rocks, and the modern traveller is astonished at the extent and number of reservoirs, not only here but in all the other towns and villages in the Lejah, and in Jebel Haurân.
Porter’s Handbook, 11. 533, 534.
Whedon's Commentary on Joshua 12:4
4. The coast of Og — The territory of this king, with its boundaries. Remnant of the giants — Or, of the Rephaim. A race of giants who once peopled Eastern Palestine. Genesis 14:5.