Joshua 13:12
Joshua 13:12 in Multiple Translations
the whole kingdom of Og in Bashan, who had reigned in Ashtaroth and Edrei and had remained as a remnant of the Rephaim. Moses had struck them down and dispossessed them,
All the kingdom of Og in Bashan, which reigned in Ashtaroth and in Edrei, who remained of the remnant of the giants: for these did Moses smite, and cast them out.
all the kingdom of Og in Bashan, who reigned in Ashtaroth and in Edrei (the same was left of the remnant of the Rephaim); for these did Moses smite, and drove them out.
All the kingdom of Og in Bashan, who was ruling in Ashtaroth and in Edrei (he was one of the last of the Rephaim); these did Moses overcome, driving them out of their country.
as well as all the land of the kingdom of Og of Bashan, who had ruled in Ashtaroth and Edrei. He was one of the last of the Rephaites. Moses had defeated them and driven them out.
All the kingdome of Og in Bashan, which reigned in Ashtaroth and in Edrei: (who remained of the rest of the gyants) for these did Moses smite, and cast them out.
all the kingdom of Og in Bashan, who reigned in Ashtaroth and in Edrei; he was left of the remnant of the Rephaim, and Moses doth smite them, and dispossess them;
all the kingdom of Og in Bashan, who reigned in Ashtaroth and in Edrei (who was left of the remnant of the Rephaim); for Moses attacked these, and drove them out.
All the kingdom of Og in Bashan, who reigned in Ashtaroth and in Edrei, who remained of the remnant of the giants. For these did Moses smite, and cast them out.
All the kingdom of Og in Basan, who reigned in Astaroth and Edrai, he was of the remains of the Raphaims: and Moses overthrew and destroyed them.
All the land ruled by Og, the king who ruled the Bashan region, was in that land. Og was one of the last descendants of Repha; previously he had ruled in Ashtaroth and Edrei cities, but the armies of Moses had defeated their armies and had taken their land from them.
Berean Amplified Bible — Joshua 13:12
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Joshua 13:12 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
כָּל
מַמְלְכ֥וּת
עוֹג֙
בַּ/בָּשָׁ֔ן
אֲשֶׁר
מָלַ֥ךְ
בְּ/עַשְׁתָּר֖וֹת
וּ/בְ/אֶדְרֶ֑עִי
ה֤וּא
נִשְׁאַר֙
מִ/יֶּ֣תֶר
הָ/רְפָאִ֔ים
וַ/יַּכֵּ֥/ם
מֹשֶׁ֖ה
וַ/יֹּרִשֵֽׁ/ם
כָּל
kôl
H3605
all
N-ms
מַמְלְכ֥וּת
mamlâkûwth
H4468
kingdom
N-fs
עוֹג֙
ʻÔwg
H5747
Og
N-proper
בַּ/בָּשָׁ֔ן
Bâshân
H1316
Bashan
Prep | N-proper
אֲשֶׁר
ʼăsher
H834
which
Rel
מָלַ֥ךְ
mâlak
H4427
to reign
V-Qal-Perf-3ms
בְּ/עַשְׁתָּר֖וֹת
ʻAshtârôwth
H6252
Ashtaroth
Prep | N-proper
וּ/בְ/אֶדְרֶ֑עִי
ʼedreʻîy
H154
Edrei
Conj | Prep | N-proper
ה֤וּא
hûwʼ
H1931
he/she/it
Pron
נִשְׁאַר֙
shâʼar
H7604
to remain
V-Niphal-Perf-3ms
מִ/יֶּ֣תֶר
yether
H3499
remainder
Prep | N-ms
הָ/רְפָאִ֔ים
râphâʼ
H7497
Rapha
Art | N-proper
וַ/יַּכֵּ֥/ם
nâkâh
H5221
to smite
Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-3ms | Suff
מֹשֶׁ֖ה
Môsheh
H4872
Moses
N-proper
וַ/יֹּרִשֵֽׁ/ם
yârash
H3423
to possess
Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-3ms | Suff
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Joshua 13:12
כָּל
kôl
H3605
"all"
N-ms
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Definition: 1) all, the whole 1a) all, the whole of 1b) any, each, every, anything 1c) totality, everything Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
Usage: Occurs in 4242 OT verses. KJV: (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever). See also: Genesis 1:21; Genesis 17:10; Genesis 41:40.
מַמְלְכ֥וּת
mamlâkûwth
H4468
"kingdom"
N-fs
Similar to H4467, this word also means kingdom or dominion, emphasizing a ruler's power and authority. It is used in the Bible to describe the kingdoms of Israel and other nations, as well as God's reign over his people.
Definition: 1) kingdom, dominion, reign, sovereignty 1a) kingdom 1b) dominion, royal power 1c) reign
Usage: Occurs in 9 OT verses. KJV: kingdom, reign. See also: Joshua 13:12; Joshua 13:31; Jeremiah 26:1.
עוֹג֙
ʻÔwg
H5747
"Og"
N-proper
Og was a powerful king of Bashan, mentioned in Numbers 21, and was one of the last giants of the Rephaim. His name means long-necked and he is known for his strength. Og was defeated by the Israelites.
Definition: A man of Bashan living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Num.21.33 § Og = "long-necked" the Amorite king of Bashan and one of the last representatives of the giants of Rephaim
Usage: Occurs in 22 OT verses. KJV: Og. See also: Numbers 21:33; Deuteronomy 31:4; Psalms 135:11.
בַּ/בָּשָׁ֔ן
Bâshân
H1316
"Bashan"
Prep | N-proper
Bashan was a fertile region east of the Jordan River, given to the half-tribe of Manasseh. It was known for its fruitfulness and is mentioned in the Bible as a significant area.
Definition: § Bashan = "fruitful" a district east of the Jordan known for its fertility which was given to the half-tribe of Manasseh
Usage: Occurs in 53 OT verses. KJV: Bashan. See also: Numbers 21:33; Joshua 21:27; Psalms 22:13.
אֲשֶׁר
ʼăsher
H834
"which"
Rel
This Hebrew word is a conjunction that connects ideas and events in the Bible, like in the book of Genesis, where it's used to describe the relationship between God and His creation.
Definition: A: 1) (relative part.) 1a) which, who 1b) that which 2) (conj) 2a) that (in obj clause) 2b) when 2c) since 2d) as 2e) conditional if B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which 2) (adv) 2a) where 3) (conj) 3a) in that, inasmuch as 3b) on account of C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which 2) from (the place) where 3) from (the fact) that, since D: Kaph+ 1) (conj.), according as, as, when 1a) according to that which, according as, as 1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since 1c) with a temporal force: when
Usage: Occurs in 4440 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] after, [idiom] alike, as (soon as), because, [idiom] every, for, [phrase] forasmuch, [phrase] from whence, [phrase] how(-soever), [idiom] if, (so) that ((thing) which, wherein), [idiom] though, [phrase] until, [phrase] whatsoever, when, where ([phrase] -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, [phrase] whither(-soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun expletively, used to show the connection. See also: Genesis 1:7; Genesis 20:9; Genesis 31:16.
מָלַ֥ךְ
mâlak
H4427
"to reign"
V-Qal-Perf-3ms
To advise or counsel is the meaning of this Hebrew word, which can also mean to reign or rule as a king. It is used in the Bible to describe the actions of leaders, like King Solomon, who sought wisdom to rule God's people. This word is found in the book of 1 Kings.
Definition: 1) to be or become king or queen, reign 1a) (Qal) to be or become king or queen, reign 1b) (Hiphil) to make one king or queen, cause to reign 1c) (Hophal) to be made king or queen
Usage: Occurs in 284 OT verses. KJV: consult, [idiom] indeed, be (make, set a, set up) king, be (make) queen, (begin to, make to) reign(-ing), rule, [idiom] surely. See also: Genesis 36:31; 2 Kings 8:15; 2 Chronicles 10:17.
בְּ/עַשְׁתָּר֖וֹת
ʻAshtârôwth
H6252
"Ashtaroth"
Prep | N-proper
Ashtaroth refers to a Sidonian deity and a place east of the Jordan, given to Manasseh. It means star and is associated with the city in Bashan. The KJV translates it as Asharoth or Astaroth.
Definition: § Ashtaroth or Astaroth = "star" a city in Bashan east of the Jordan given to Manasseh
Usage: Occurs in 12 OT verses. KJV: Asharoth, Astaroth. See also H1045 (בֵּית עַשְׁתָּרוֹת), H6253 (עַשְׁתֹּרֶת), H6255 (עַשְׁתְּרֹת קַרְנַיִם). See also: Deuteronomy 1:4; Judges 10:6; 1 Chronicles 6:56.
וּ/בְ/אֶדְרֶ֑עִי
ʼedreʻîy
H154
"Edrei"
Conj | Prep | N-proper
Edrei was a chief city in Bashan, north of the Jabbok river, and its name means 'goodly pasture'. The city is mentioned in the book of Deuteronomy and was an important location in the biblical account of Israel's history.
Definition: § Edrei = "goodly pasture" a chief city of Bashan, north of Jabbok river
Usage: Occurs in 8 OT verses. KJV: Edrei. See also: Numbers 21:33; Joshua 12:4; Joshua 19:37.
ה֤וּא
hûwʼ
H1931
"he/she/it"
Pron
This word is a pronoun meaning 'he', 'she', or 'it', used to refer to a person or thing. It is used in the Bible to emphasize a subject or make it clear who is being talked about.
Definition: pron 3p s 1) he, she, it 1a) himself (with emphasis) 1b) resuming subj with emphasis 1c) (with minimum emphasis following predicate) 1d) (anticipating subj) 1e) (emphasising predicate) 1f) that, it (neuter) demons pron 2) that (with article)
Usage: Occurs in 1693 OT verses. KJV: he, as for her, him(-self), it, the same, she (herself), such, that (...it), these, they, this, those, which (is), who. See also: Genesis 2:11; Genesis 32:19; Exodus 21:3.
נִשְׁאַר֙
shâʼar
H7604
"to remain"
V-Niphal-Perf-3ms
To remain or be left over, as in Joshua 10:20. It can also mean to spare or reserve something, like God sparing Noah in Genesis 7:23. This word is used to describe the remnant of Israel.
Definition: 1) to remain, be left over, be left behind 1a) (Qal) to remain 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be left over, be left alive, survive 1b1a) remainder, remnant (participle) 1b2) to be left behind 1c) (Hiphil) 1c1) to leave over, spare 1c2) to leave or keep over 1c3) to have left 1c4) to leave (as a gift)
Usage: Occurs in 123 OT verses. KJV: leave, (be) left, let, remain, remnant, reserve, the rest. See also: Genesis 7:23; 1 Kings 22:47; Isaiah 4:3.
מִ/יֶּ֣תֶר
yether
H3499
"remainder"
Prep | N-ms
A cord or rope, also meaning excess or remainder, as seen in the Bible's descriptions of leftovers or abundant resources.
Definition: 1) remainder, excess, rest, remnant, excellence 1a) remainder, remnant 1b) remainder, rest, other part 1c) excess 1d) abundantly (adv) 1e) abundance, affluence 1f) superiority, excellency
Usage: Occurs in 95 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] abundant, cord, exceeding, excellancy(-ent), what they leave, that hath left, plentifully, remnant, residue, rest, string, with. See also: Genesis 49:3; 2 Kings 15:26; Psalms 11:2.
הָ/רְפָאִ֔ים
râphâʼ
H7497
"Rapha"
Art | N-proper
The Raphaite were a group of giants, including Goliath, mentioned in 2 Samuel 21:16, who lived during the time of King David.
Definition: A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.21.16; father of: Goliath (H1555), Ishbi-benob (H3430), Saph (H5593), Lahmi (H3902), huge_man (H4060A); also translated "giant"; Also named: re.pha.im (רְפָאִים "Raphaite" H7497H) § giant, Rephah
Usage: Occurs in 24 OT verses. KJV: giant, Rapha, Rephaim(-s). See also H1051 (בֵּית רָפָא). See also: Genesis 14:5; 2 Samuel 5:22; Isaiah 17:5.
וַ/יַּכֵּ֥/ם
nâkâh
H5221
"to smite"
Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-3ms | Suff
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to strike or hit something, and it's used in many different ways, like in Exodus when God strikes down the Egyptians. It can also mean to punish or destroy, as seen in Isaiah. The word is used to describe God's judgment.
Definition: 1) to strike, smite, hit, beat, slay, kill 1a)(Niphal) to be stricken or smitten 1b) (Pual) to be stricken or smitten 1c) (Hiphil) 1c1) to smite, strike, beat, scourge, clap, applaud, give a thrust 1c2) to smite, kill, slay (man or beast) 1c3) to smite, attack, attack and destroy, conquer, subjugate, ravage 1c4) to smite, chastise, send judgment upon, punish, destroy 1d) (Hophal) to be smitten 1d1) to receive a blow 1d2) to be wounded 1d3) to be beaten 1d4) to be (fatally) smitten, be killed, be slain 1d5) to be attacked and captured 1d6) to be smitten (with disease) 1d7) to be blighted (of plants)
Usage: Occurs in 461 OT verses. KJV: beat, cast forth, clap, give (wounds), [idiom] go forward, [idiom] indeed, kill, make (slaughter), murderer, punish, slaughter, slay(-er, -ing), smite(-r, -ing), strike, be stricken, (give) stripes, [idiom] surely, wound. See also: Genesis 4:15; Joshua 10:20; 1 Samuel 29:5.
מֹשֶׁ֖ה
Môsheh
H4872
"Moses"
N-proper
Moses, the Israelite leader, was born to Amram and Jochebed and led the Exodus from Egypt. He received the law from God and is considered a key figure in the Bible. Moses means 'drawn' in Hebrew.
Definition: A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Exo.2.10; son of: Amram (H6019) and Jochebed (H3115); brother of: Aaron (H0175) and Miriam (H4813); married to Zipporah (H6855); father of: Gershom (H1647) and Eliezer (H0461H); also called Manasseh at Jdg.18.30(?) § Moses = "drawn" the prophet and lawgiver, leader of the exodus
Usage: Occurs in 704 OT verses. KJV: Moses. See also: Exodus 2:10; Exodus 13:1; Exodus 32:21.
וַ/יֹּרִשֵֽׁ/ם
yârash
H3423
"to possess"
Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-3ms | Suff
To possess means to take control of something, like a piece of land, by driving out others and occupying it. This word is used in the Bible to describe inheriting property or seizing power.
Definition: : possess/inherit 1) to seize, dispossess, take possession off, inherit, disinherit, occupy, impoverish, be an heir 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to take possession of 1a2) to inherit 1a3) to impoverish, come to poverty, be poor 1b) (Niphal) to be dispossessed, be impoverished, come to poverty 1c) (Piel) to devour 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to cause to possess or inherit 1d2) to cause others to possess or inherit 1d3) to impoverish 1d4) to dispossess 1d5) to destroy, bring to ruin, disinherit
Usage: Occurs in 204 OT verses. KJV: cast out, consume, destroy, disinherit, dispossess, drive(-ing) out, enjoy, expel, [idiom] without fail, (give to, leave for) inherit(-ance, -or) [phrase] magistrate, be (make) poor, come to poverty, (give to, make to) possess, get (have) in (take) possession, seize upon, succeed, [idiom] utterly. See also: Genesis 15:3; Joshua 15:63; Psalms 25:13.
Study Notes — Joshua 13:12
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Joshua 13:12 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Joshua 13:12
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Joshua 13:12
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Joshua 13:12
- Trapp's Commentary on Joshua 13:12
- Cambridge Bible on Joshua 13:12
- Whedon's Commentary on Joshua 13:12
Context — The Inheritance East of the Jordan
10and all the cities of Sihon king of the Amorites who reigned in Heshbon, as far as the border of the Ammonites;
11also Gilead and the territory of the Geshurites and Maacathites, all of Mount Hermon, and all Bashan as far as Salecah—
12the whole kingdom of Og in Bashan, who had reigned in Ashtaroth and Edrei and had remained as a remnant of the Rephaim. Moses had struck them down and dispossessed them,
13but the Israelites did not drive out the Geshurites or the Maacathites. So Geshur and Maacath dwell among the Israelites to this day. 14To the tribe of Levi, however, Moses had given no inheritance. The food offerings to the LORD, the God of Israel, are their inheritance, just as He had promised them.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Joshua 12:4 | And Og king of Bashan, one of the remnant of the Rephaim, who lived in Ashtaroth and Edrei. |
| 2 | Joshua 14:3–4 | For Moses had given the inheritance east of the Jordan to the other two and a half tribes. But he granted no inheritance among them to the Levites. The descendants of Joseph became two tribes, Manasseh and Ephraim. And no portion of the land was given to the Levites, except for cities in which to live, along with pasturelands for their flocks and herds. |
| 3 | Numbers 21:23–35 | But Sihon would not let Israel pass through his territory. Instead, he gathered his whole army and went out to confront Israel in the wilderness. When he came to Jahaz, he fought against Israel. And Israel put him to the sword and took possession of his land, from the Arnon to the Jabbok—but only up to the border of the Ammonites, because it was fortified. Israel captured all the cities of the Amorites and occupied them, including Heshbon and all its villages. Heshbon was the city of Sihon king of the Amorites, who had fought against the former king of Moab and taken all his land as far as the Arnon. That is why the poets say: “Come to Heshbon, let it be rebuilt; let the city of Sihon be restored. For a fire went out from Heshbon, a blaze from the city of Sihon. It consumed Ar of Moab, the rulers of Arnon’s heights. Woe to you, O Moab! You are destroyed, O people of Chemosh! He gave up his sons as refugees, and his daughters into captivity to Sihon king of the Amorites. But we have overthrown them; Heshbon is destroyed as far as Dibon. We demolished them as far as Nophah, which reaches to Medeba. ” So Israel lived in the land of the Amorites. After Moses had sent spies to Jazer, Israel captured its villages and drove out the Amorites who were there. Then they turned and went up the road to Bashan, and Og king of Bashan and his whole army came out to meet them in battle at Edrei. But the LORD said to Moses, “Do not fear him, for I have delivered him into your hand, along with all his people and his land. Do to him as you did to Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon.” So they struck down Og, along with his sons and his whole army, until no remnant was left. And they took possession of his land. |
| 4 | Deuteronomy 3:10–11 | all the cities of the plateau, all of Gilead, and all of Bashan as far as the cities of Salecah and Edrei in the kingdom of Og. (For only Og king of Bashan had remained of the remnant of the Rephaim. His bed of iron, nine cubits long and four cubits wide, is still in Rabbah of the Ammonites.) |
Joshua 13:12 Summary
This verse talks about the kingdom of Og, a powerful king who ruled over a giant-like people called the Rephaim. Moses and the Israelites defeated Og and his kingdom with God's help, as seen in Numbers 21:33-35. This victory shows us that God is powerful and faithful to His people, and that with Him on our side, we can overcome even the toughest challenges, just like the Israelites did (Joshua 13:12, Deuteronomy 3:22). This reminds us to trust in God's power and faithfulness, just as it is encouraged in Psalm 27:1-3 and Hebrews 13:5-6.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who was Og and why was his kingdom significant?
Og was a king of the Rephaim, a giant-like people, and his kingdom was significant because it was one of the last strongholds of the Rephaim in the region, as seen in Deuteronomy 3:11, and Moses' victory over him was a demonstration of God's power and faithfulness to the Israelites, as seen in Numbers 21:33-35.
What was the relationship between Og and the Rephaim?
Og was a remnant of the Rephaim, indicating that his kingdom was one of the last remaining strongholds of this giant-like people, and his defeat marked the end of their dominance in the region, as referenced in Joshua 13:12 and Deuteronomy 2:10-11.
How did Moses defeat Og and his kingdom?
Moses defeated Og and his kingdom through military victory, as recorded in Numbers 21:33-35, and this victory was a result of God's power and guidance, as seen in Deuteronomy 3:2, where God told Moses not to fear Og.
What can we learn from the story of Og and his kingdom?
The story of Og and his kingdom teaches us about God's power and faithfulness to His people, as seen in Joshua 13:12 and Deuteronomy 3:22, and reminds us that with God on our side, we can overcome even the most daunting challenges, as encouraged in Psalm 27:1-3.
Reflection Questions
- What are some areas in my life where I feel like I am facing a 'giant' like Og, and how can I trust in God's power and faithfulness to overcome them?
- How can I apply the lessons of Moses' victory over Og to my own life and circumstances, and what role does faith and trust in God play in my daily struggles?
- What are some ways that I can remember and celebrate God's victories in my life, just as the Israelites remembered and celebrated their victory over Og, as seen in Joshua 13:12 and Deuteronomy 3:11-22?
- How can I use the story of Og and his kingdom to encourage and inspire others to trust in God's power and faithfulness, as seen in Hebrews 13:5-6?
Gill's Exposition on Joshua 13:12
All the kingdom of Og in Bashan, who reigned in Ashtaroth and in Edrei,.... [See comments on Joshua 12:4]; who remained of the remnant of the giants; was descended from those that remained in
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Joshua 13:12
All the kingdom of Og in Bashan, which reigned in Ashtaroth and in Edrei, who remained of the remnant of the giants: for these did Moses smite, and cast them out.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Joshua 13:12
These did Moses smite; not all now mentioned, as appears from , but Sihon and Og, and their people, and the generality of them, which he had now named, some of them being excepted.
Trapp's Commentary on Joshua 13:12
Joshua 13:12 All the kingdom of Og in Bashan, which reigned in Ashtaroth and in Edrei, who remained of the remnant of the giants: for these did Moses smite, and cast them out.Ver. 12. Which reigned in Ashtaroth and in Edrei.] Which some take for two mansion houses of his, or royal palaces.
Cambridge Bible on Joshua 13:12
12. all the kingdom of Og in Bashan] “With respect to the two tribes and a half beyond the Jordan, nothing is more striking at the first glance than their wide extent, compared with the narrow space into which the western tribes were compressed … it is certainly a domain which, taken in its entire superficies, would not yield in extent to the whole region on the west of the Jordan.” Ewald’s History of Israel, 11. 294, 295.
Whedon's Commentary on Joshua 13:12
9-12. On the places named in these verses see the notes on Joshua 13:16-31, where the tribal territories are fully described.