Joshua 13:10
Joshua 13:10 in Multiple Translations
and all the cities of Sihon king of the Amorites who reigned in Heshbon, as far as the border of the Ammonites;
And all the cities of Sihon king of the Amorites, which reigned in Heshbon, unto the border of the children of Ammon;
and all the cities of Sihon king of the Amorites, who reigned in Heshbon, unto the border of the children of Ammon;
And all the towns of Sihon, king of the Amorites, who was ruling in Heshbon, to the limits of the children of Ammon;
and all the towns that belonged to Sihon, king of the Amorites, who ruled in Heshbon, up to the border with the Ammonites.
And all the cities of Sihon King of the Amorites, which reigned in Heshbon, vnto the borders of the children of Ammon,
and all the cities of Sihon king of the Amorite, who reigned in Heshbon, unto the border of the Bene-Ammon,
and all the cities of Sihon king of the Amorites, who reigned in Heshbon, to the border of the children of Ammon;
And all the cities of Sihon king of the Amorites, who reigned in Heshbon, to the border of the children of Ammon;
And all the cities of Sehon, king of the Amorrhites, who reigned in Hesebon, unto the borders of the children of Ammon.
All the towns ruled by King Sihon were in that area. The land extended to where the Ammon people-group lived.
Berean Amplified Bible — Joshua 13:10
BAB
Word Study
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Joshua 13:10 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וְ/כֹ֗ל
עָרֵי֙
סִיחוֹן֙
מֶ֣לֶךְ
הָ/אֱמֹרִ֔י
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
מָלַ֖ךְ
בְּ/חֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן
עַד
גְּב֖וּל
בְּנֵ֥י
עַמּֽוֹן
וְ/כֹ֗ל
kôl
H3605
all
Conj | N-ms
עָרֵי֙
ʻîyr
H5892
excitement
N-fp
סִיחוֹן֙
Çîychôwn
H5511
Sihon
N-proper
מֶ֣לֶךְ
melek
H4428
King's
N-ms
הָ/אֱמֹרִ֔י
ʼĔmôrîy
H567
Amorite
Art | Ngmsa
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
ʼăsher
H834
which
Rel
מָלַ֖ךְ
mâlak
H4427
to reign
V-Qal-Perf-3ms
בְּ/חֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן
Cheshbôwn
H2809
Heshbon
Prep | N-proper
עַד
ʻad
H5704
till
Prep
גְּב֖וּל
gᵉbûwl
H1366
border
N-ms
בְּנֵ֥י
bên
H1121
son
N-mp
עַמּֽוֹן
ʻAmmôwn
H5983
Ammon
N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Joshua 13:10
וְ/כֹ֗ל
kôl
H3605
"all"
Conj | N-ms
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Definition: 1) all, the whole 1a) all, the whole of 1b) any, each, every, anything 1c) totality, everything Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
Usage: Occurs in 4242 OT verses. KJV: (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever). See also: Genesis 1:21; Genesis 17:10; Genesis 41:40.
עָרֵי֙
ʻîyr
H5892
"excitement"
N-fp
In the Bible, this word refers to a city or town, often a place with a wall or a watchman. It is used to describe a settlement or encampment, like the city of Ai, which is mentioned in the book of Joshua. The word is used to identify specific locations in the Bible.
Definition: 1) excitement, anguish 1a) of terror
Usage: Occurs in 936 OT verses. KJV: Ai (from margin), city, court (from margin), town. See also: Genesis 4:17; Deuteronomy 3:6; Joshua 14:12.
סִיחוֹן֙
Çîychôwn
H5511
"Sihon"
N-proper
Sihon was an Amorite king who lived during the time of the Israelites' wilderness journey. He was defeated by Moses in Transjordan, as recorded in Numbers 21:21. His name means warrior.
Definition: A king of Amorites living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Num.21.21 § Sihon = "warrior" king of the Amorites at the time of the conquest and defeated by Moses in Transjordan
Usage: Occurs in 34 OT verses. KJV: Sihon. See also: Numbers 21:21; Deuteronomy 29:6; Psalms 135:11.
מֶ֣לֶךְ
melek
H4428
"King's"
N-ms
This word refers to a king or royal person, like King David or King Saul. It can also describe something related to a king, like the King's Valley in Genesis. The Bible often uses this word to talk about the rulers of Israel.
Definition: King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)
Usage: Occurs in 1919 OT verses. KJV: king, royal. See also: Genesis 14:1; Joshua 10:39; 1 Samuel 16:1.
הָ/אֱמֹרִ֔י
ʼĔmôrîy
H567
"Amorite"
Art | Ngmsa
An Amorite is a member of a Canaanite tribe, first mentioned in Genesis 10:16, descended from Canaan. The Israelites displaced them as they entered the Promised Land.
Definition: Someone descended from Amor(?), first mentioned at Gen.10.16; descended from Canaan (H3667); along with Sidon (H6721), Heth (H2845), Jebusite (H2983), Girgashite (H1622), Hivite (H2340), Arkite (H6208), Sinite (H5513), Arvadite (H0721), Zemarite (H6786) and Hamathite (H2577) § Amorite = "a sayer" one of the peoples of east Canaan and beyond the Jordan, dispossessed by the Israelite incursion from Egypt
Usage: Occurs in 86 OT verses. KJV: Amorite. See also: Genesis 10:16; Joshua 9:1; Psalms 135:11.
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
ʼăsher
H834
"which"
Rel
This Hebrew word is a conjunction that connects ideas and events in the Bible, like in the book of Genesis, where it's used to describe the relationship between God and His creation.
Definition: A: 1) (relative part.) 1a) which, who 1b) that which 2) (conj) 2a) that (in obj clause) 2b) when 2c) since 2d) as 2e) conditional if B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which 2) (adv) 2a) where 3) (conj) 3a) in that, inasmuch as 3b) on account of C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which 2) from (the place) where 3) from (the fact) that, since D: Kaph+ 1) (conj.), according as, as, when 1a) according to that which, according as, as 1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since 1c) with a temporal force: when
Usage: Occurs in 4440 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] after, [idiom] alike, as (soon as), because, [idiom] every, for, [phrase] forasmuch, [phrase] from whence, [phrase] how(-soever), [idiom] if, (so) that ((thing) which, wherein), [idiom] though, [phrase] until, [phrase] whatsoever, when, where ([phrase] -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, [phrase] whither(-soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun expletively, used to show the connection. See also: Genesis 1:7; Genesis 20:9; Genesis 31:16.
מָלַ֖ךְ
mâlak
H4427
"to reign"
V-Qal-Perf-3ms
To advise or counsel is the meaning of this Hebrew word, which can also mean to reign or rule as a king. It is used in the Bible to describe the actions of leaders, like King Solomon, who sought wisdom to rule God's people. This word is found in the book of 1 Kings.
Definition: 1) to be or become king or queen, reign 1a) (Qal) to be or become king or queen, reign 1b) (Hiphil) to make one king or queen, cause to reign 1c) (Hophal) to be made king or queen
Usage: Occurs in 284 OT verses. KJV: consult, [idiom] indeed, be (make, set a, set up) king, be (make) queen, (begin to, make to) reign(-ing), rule, [idiom] surely. See also: Genesis 36:31; 2 Kings 8:15; 2 Chronicles 10:17.
בְּ/חֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן
Cheshbôwn
H2809
"Heshbon"
Prep | N-proper
Heshbon was a city east of the Jordan River, serving as the capital of the Amorites under King Sihon, and later becoming part of the tribes of Reuben and Gad.
Definition: § Heshbon = "stronghold" the capital city of Sihon, king of the Amorites, located on the western border of the high plain and on the border line between the tribes of Reuben and Gad
Usage: Occurs in 37 OT verses. KJV: Heshbon. See also: Numbers 21:25; Joshua 12:5; Isaiah 15:4.
עַד
ʻad
H5704
"till"
Prep
This Hebrew word means until or as far as, describing a point in time or space. It's used in the Bible to set boundaries or limits, like in Exodus when describing the Israelites' journey.
Definition: prep 1) as far as, even to, until, up to, while, as far as 1a) of space 1a1) as far as, up to, even to 1b) in combination 1b1) from...as far as, both...and (with 'min' -from) 1c) of time 1c1) even to, until, unto, till, during, end 1d) of degree 1d1) even to, to the degree of, even like conj 2) until, while, to the point that, so that even Aramaic equivalent: ad (עַד "till" H5705)
Usage: Occurs in 1128 OT verses. KJV: against, and, as, at, before, by (that), even (to), for(-asmuch as), (hither-) to, [phrase] how long, into, as long (much) as, (so) that, till, toward, until, when, while, ([phrase] as) yet. See also: Genesis 3:19; Exodus 32:20; Numbers 23:24.
גְּב֖וּל
gᵉbûwl
H1366
"border"
N-ms
This word refers to a boundary or border, like the borders of the Promised Land in Numbers 34:1-12. It can also mean a region or territory, as in the borders of Israel in 1 Kings 8:65.
Definition: : boundary 1) border, territory 1a) border 1b) territory (enclosed within boundary) 1c) region, territory (of darkness) (fig.) Also means: ge.vul (גְּבוּל ": area" H1366H)
Usage: Occurs in 196 OT verses. KJV: border, bound, coast, [idiom] great, landmark, limit, quarter, space. See also: Genesis 10:19; Joshua 19:33; Psalms 78:54.
בְּנֵ֥י
bên
H1121
"son"
N-mp
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Definition: : child/son
Usage: Occurs in 3653 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth. See also: Genesis 3:16; Genesis 23:3; Genesis 34:18.
עַמּֽוֹן
ʻAmmôwn
H5983
"Ammon"
N-proper
Ammon refers to a son of Lot and his descendants, who lived in Transjordan. The Ammonites are mentioned in the Bible as a distinct people. They appear in the book of Genesis and are also referenced in the history of the Israelites.
Definition: § Ammon = "tribal" a people dwelling in Transjordan descended from Lot through Ben-ammi
Usage: Occurs in 98 OT verses. KJV: Ammon, Ammonites. See also: Genesis 19:38; 2 Samuel 11:1; Psalms 83:8.
Study Notes — Joshua 13:10
Show Verse Quote Highlights
Context — The Inheritance East of the Jordan
8The other half of Manasseh, along with the Reubenites and Gadites, had received the inheritance Moses had given them beyond the Jordan to the east, just as Moses the servant of the LORD had assigned to them:
9The area from Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Valley, along with the city in the middle of the valley, the whole plateau of Medeba as far as Dibon,
10and all the cities of Sihon king of the Amorites who reigned in Heshbon, as far as the border of the Ammonites;
11also Gilead and the territory of the Geshurites and Maacathites, all of Mount Hermon, and all Bashan as far as Salecah— 12the whole kingdom of Og in Bashan, who had reigned in Ashtaroth and Edrei and had remained as a remnant of the Rephaim. Moses had struck them down and dispossessed them,Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Numbers 21:24–26 | And Israel put him to the sword and took possession of his land, from the Arnon to the Jabbok—but only up to the border of the Ammonites, because it was fortified. Israel captured all the cities of the Amorites and occupied them, including Heshbon and all its villages. Heshbon was the city of Sihon king of the Amorites, who had fought against the former king of Moab and taken all his land as far as the Arnon. |
Joshua 13:10 Summary
This verse is talking about the cities that were part of the kingdom of Sihon, an Amorite king who ruled in Heshbon. These cities were given to the Israelites as an inheritance, and they marked the border with the Ammonites. This reminds us that God is in control of all the nations and kingdoms of the world, just as He was in control of Sihon's kingdom (as seen in Psalm 103:19 and Daniel 4:17). We can trust that God has a plan for our lives and for the world, and that He is always working to bring about His good purposes (Romans 8:28).
Frequently Asked Questions
Who was Sihon king of the Amorites and why is he mentioned in Joshua 13:10?
Sihon was a king of the Amorites who reigned in Heshbon, and his cities were given to the Israelites as an inheritance, as seen in Deuteronomy 2:26-37 and Numbers 21:21-30, where Moses and the Israelites defeated him in battle.
What is the significance of the border of the Ammonites in this verse?
The border of the Ammonites marks the eastern boundary of the territory given to the Israelites, as seen in Deuteronomy 2:37, where Moses was forbidden to attack the Ammonites, and in Judges 11:12-28, where the Israelites interacted with the Ammonites.
How does this verse relate to the overall conquest of Canaan?
This verse is part of the description of the territories given to the Israelites after the conquest of Canaan, as seen in Joshua 1:1-9, where God commands Joshua to lead the Israelites in possessing the land, and in Joshua 12:1-6, where the kings defeated by the Israelites are listed.
What can we learn from the fact that these cities were part of Sihon's kingdom?
We can learn that God is a God of history and geography, who is actively involved in the lives of nations and kingdoms, as seen in Daniel 2:20-23 and Isaiah 40:15-17, where God's sovereignty over all nations is proclaimed.
Reflection Questions
- What does this verse reveal about God's plan for the Israelites and their relationship with the surrounding nations?
- How does the mention of Sihon king of the Amorites challenge or comfort me in my own faith journey?
- What does this verse teach me about the importance of boundaries and borders in our lives, and how can I apply this to my own relationships and communities?
- In what ways can I trust God's sovereignty over the nations and kingdoms of the world, just as He was sovereign over Sihon's kingdom?
Gill's Exposition on Joshua 13:10
And all the cities of Sihon king of the Amorites, which reigned in Heshbon,.... A city he took from the Moabites, and made it his royal seat, Numbers 21:26: unto the border of the children of Ammon;
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Joshua 13:10
And all the cities of Sihon king of the Amorites, which reigned in Heshbon, unto the border of the children of Ammon; Heshbon - the capital of Sihon's dominions (Numbers 21:26).
Trapp's Commentary on Joshua 13:10
Joshua 13:10 And all the cities of Sihon king of the Amorites, which reigned in Heshbon, unto the border of the children of Ammon;Ver. 10. And all the cities of Sihon.] See Joshua 12:2.
Whedon's Commentary on Joshua 13:10
9-12. On the places named in these verses see the notes on Joshua 13:16-31, where the tribal territories are fully described.