1 Chronicles 3:7 — Word Study
WLCוְנֹ֥גַהּ וְנֶ֖פֶג וְיָפִֽיעַ׃
BSANogahNôgahh [a son of King David] NephegNepheg [meaning to flourish] JaphiaYâphîyaʻ [exalted, lifted up]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְנֹ֥גַהּ | and Nogah | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וְנֶ֖פֶג | and Nepheg | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וְיָפִֽיעַ׃ | and Japhia | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Nogah, Nepheg, Japhia, |
| KJV | And Nogah, and Nepheg, and Japhia, |
| ASV | and Nogah, and Nepheg, and Japhia, |
| YLT | and Nogah, and Nepheg, and Japhia, |
| WEB | Nogah, Nepheg, Japhia, |
| BBE | And Nogah and Nepheg and Japhia |
There are no notable differences among the translations regarding the names of David's sons in this verse.
The verse is a simple list of names, reflecting the structure of genealogical records.
3 commentators on this verse
Jamieson, Ellicott, Cambridge & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 3:7
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Sons of Davidgenerated
1 Chronicles 3:7 lists the sons of King David, emphasizing his lineage and the continuation of his royal line. This genealogy serves to highlight the importance of David's descendants in the history of Israel, particularly as it relates to the fulfillment of God's promises to David regarding his dynasty.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 Samuel 5:15–16 | Ibhar, Elishua, Nepheg, Japhia, |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 1 reference, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — נֹגַהּ, ve.No.gahgenerated
The name נֹגַהּ (Nogah) is a proper noun referring to one of David's sons, noted in the genealogical records. It is associated with brightness, indicating a potential character trait or destiny.
As a son of King David, Nogah is part of the royal lineage that is significant in the history of Israel. His mention in this context underscores the importance of David's family in the unfolding narrative of the nation.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The verse consists of a simple list of names, with the conjunction וְ (and) connecting each name. This structure is typical for genealogical records, presenting the information in a straightforward manner.
The names are presented in a noun phrase format, indicating the subjects of the genealogical record.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates נֹגַהּ as ναγε, נֶפֶג as ναφαγ, and יָפִיעַ as ιανουε. This choice of Greek words reflects a direct correspondence to the Hebrew names, maintaining their identity.
The translation shows consistency in the representation of David's sons, indicating a preservation of the genealogical significance.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 3:7 lists three sons of King David: Nogah, Nepheg, and Japhia. These names are part of David's royal lineage, highlighting the importance of his descendants in the history of Israel.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
They were sons of King David, mentioned in the genealogical records of 1 Chronicles 3.
The name Nogah is associated with brightness.
The genealogy emphasizes the royal lineage and the fulfillment of God's promises to David.
David had many sons, with this verse specifically naming three of them.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What significance do you think the names of David's sons hold in the context of Israel's history?
- How does understanding David's lineage help us comprehend the unfolding narrative of the Old Testament?
- In what ways do genealogies in the Bible serve to connect God's promises through generations?
- How can we apply the concept of legacy found in this genealogy to our own lives?
Commentators on this verse — 3 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 3:7 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd Nogah, and Nepheg, and Japhia, No JFB commentary on this verse.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 3 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(5-8) The thirteen sons born in Jerusalem. See 2 Samuel 5:14-16, and 1 Chronicles 14:4-7, where this list is repeated with some variations (1 Chronicles 3:5). The four sons of Bath-sheba, called here Bath-shua, a weakened form, if not a copyist’s error. By a similar change the Elishama of 1 Chronicles 3:6 appears in Samuel as Elishua. Shimea (“report”) was a son of Jesse (1 Chronicles 2:13). Perhaps, therefore, Shammua (“famous”) is correct here, as in Samuel. Ammiel and Eliam are transposed forms of the same name, meaning “El is a tribesman” (‘am=gens, el = deus). (Comp. Ahaziah and Jehoahaz, Nethaniah and Jehonathan, and many similar transpositions.) So in Gr. Theodoros and Dorotheos…
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 3 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges7. Nogah] so 1 Chronicles 14:6; in 2 Samuel 5:15 the name is wanting.
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 3 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Nogah, Nepheg, Japhia,
Nogah, Nepheg, Japhia,
Nogah, Nepheg, Japhia,
Nogah, Nepheg, Japhia,
Tyndale line
And Nogah, and Nepheg, and Japhia,
and Nogah, and Nepheg, and Japhia,
and Nogah, and Nepheg, and Japhia;
And Nogah, and Nepheg, and Japhia,
And Nogah, and Nepheg, and Iaphia,
Strictly literal
and Nogah, and Nepheg, and Japhia,
and Nogah, and Nepheg, and Japhia,
and Nogah, and Nepheg, and Japhia,
And Nogah, and Nepheg, and Japhia'.
Nogah, Nepheg, Japhia,
From the Latin
And Eliphaleeh, and Noge, and Nepheg, and Japhia,
Simplified
Nogah, Nepheg, Japhia,
And Nogah and Nepheg and Japhia
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
Both the Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the names listed in this verse, confirming their consistency across these ancient witnesses.
וְנֹ֥גַהּ וְנֶ֖פֶג וְיָפִֽיעַ׃
3 of the 3 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 3:7
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
נֹ֫גַהּ (Nogah) refers to a son of David, noted as one of the 13 sons born in Jerusalem. The name is associated with the meaning 'brightness.' He is mentioned in 1 Chronicles 3:7, where his lineage is detailed among David's children.
נֹ֫גַהּ n.pr.m. a son of David
base
H5052 נֹ֫גַהּ
5052 Nogahh no'-gah
the same as 5051; Nogah, a son of David:--Nogah.
see HEBREW for 05051
נֹ֫גַהּ (no.gah) — Nogah.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.3.7;
son of: David (H1732);
brother of: Amnon (H0550), Chileab (H3609), Absalom (H0053), Adonijah (H0138), Shephatiah (H8203), Ithream (H3507), Shammua (H8051H), Shobab (H7727), Nathan (H5416), Solomon (H8010), Ibhar (H2984), Elishua (H0474), Nepheg (H5298H), Japhia (H3309I), Elishama (H0476H), Eliada (H0450), Eliphelet (H0467), Tamar (H8559H), Elpelet (H0467I) and Jerimoth (H3406N)
§ Nogah = "brightness"
one of the 13 sons of David born to him in Jerusalem
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
Nogah
Splendour, one of David’s sons, born at Jerusalem (1 Chr. 3:7).
(brightness), one of the thirteen sons of David who were born to him in Jerusalem, (1 Chronicles 3:7; 14:6) (B.C. 1050-1015.)
brightness; clearness
נֶ֫פֶג (Nepheg) refers to two individuals in the Old Testament: a Levite, son of Izhar, mentioned in Exodus 6:21, and a son of David. The name likely means 'sprout.' The entries indicate that Nepheg is associated with both the tribe of Levi during the Exodus and the lineage of David in Jerusalem.
נֶ֫פֶג n.pr.m.
a Levite
a son of David
base
H5298 נֶ֫פֶג . a Levite
. a son of David
5298 Nepheg neh'-feg
from an unused root probably meaning to spring forth; a
sprout; Nepheg, the name of two Israelites:--Nepheg.
נֶ֫פֶג (ne.pheg) — Nepheg.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, only mentioned at Exo.6.21;
son of: Izhar (H3324);
brother of: Korah (H7141I), Zichri (H2147) and Shelomith (H8019A)
§ Nepheg = "sprout"
1) one of sons of Izhar and grandson of Kohath of the tribe of Levi in the time of the exodus
2) one of the sons of David born to him at Jerusalem
נֶ֫פֶג (ne.pheg) — Nepheg.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.5.15;
son of: David (H1732);
brother of: Amnon (H0550), Chileab (H3609), Absalom (H0053), Adonijah (H0138), Shephatiah (H8203), Ithream (H3507), Shammua (H8051H), Shobab (H7727), Nathan (H5416), Solomon (H8010), Ibhar (H2984), Elishua (H0474), Japhia (H3309I), Elishama (H0476H), Eliada (H0450), Eliphelet (H0467), Tamar (H8559H), Elpelet (H0467I), Nogah (H5052) and Jerimoth (H3406N)
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
(sprout). One of the sons of Izhar the son of Kohath. (Esther 6:21) One of David’s sons born to him in Jerusalem. (2 Samuel 5:15; 1 Chronicles 3:7; 14:6)
weak; slacked
יָפִיעַ (Yaphiya`) refers to Japhia, which means "shining." It encompasses a king of Lachish during Joshua's conquest, a son of David, and a town on the border of Zebulun and Issachar, possibly modern 'Yafa.' The entries consistently identify these aspects without significant disagreement.
יָפִיעַ n.pr.pers. et loc.
n.pr.m.
a king of Lachish
a son of David
n.pr.loc. on border of Zebulun
base
H3309 יָפִיעַ
3309 Yaphiya` yaw-fee'-ah
from 3313; bright; Japhia, the name of a Canaanite, an
Israelite, and a place in Palestine:--Japhia.
see HEBREW for 03313
יָפִיעַ (ya.phi.a) — Japhia.
A man living before Israel's Monarchy, only mentioned at Jos.10.3
§ Japhia = "shining"
1) a town on the border of Zebulun and Issachar
1a) perhaps modern 'Yafa'
2) the king of Lachish at the time of the conquest of Canaan by Joshua
3) a son of David by a concubine
יָפִיעַ (ya.phi.a) — Japhia.
§ Japhia = "shining"
a town on the border of Zebulun and Issachar
perhaps modern 'Yafa'
יָפִיעַ (ya.phi.a) — Japhia.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.5.15;
son of: David (H1732);
brother of: Amnon (H0550), Chileab (H3609), Absalom (H0053), Adonijah (H0138), Shephatiah (H8203), Ithream (H3507), Shammua (H8051H), Shobab (H7727), Nathan (H5416), Solomon (H8010), Ibhar (H2984), Elishua (H0474), Nepheg (H5298H), Elishama (H0476H), Eliada (H0450), Eliphelet (H0467), Tamar (H8559H), Elpelet (H0467I), Nogah…
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
Japhia
Splendid. (1.) The king of Lachish, who joined in the confederacy against Joshua (Josh. 10:3), and was defeated and slain. In one of the Amarna tablets he speaks of himself as king of Gezer. Called also Horam (Josh. 10:33).
(2.) One of the sons of David (2 Sam. 5:15), born in Jerusalem.
(3.) A town in the southern boundary of Zebulum (Josh. 19:12); now Yafa, 2 miles south-west of Nazareth.
(splendid). King of Lachish at the time of the conquest of Canaan by the Israelites. (Joshua 10:3) (B.C. 1450.) One of the sons of David born to him in Jerusalem. (2 Samuel 5:15; 1 Chronicles 3:7; 14:6) (B.C. 1046.)
enlightening; appearing