Joshua 15:50 — Word Study
WLCוַעֲנָ֥ב וְאֶשְׁתְּמֹ֖ה וְעָנִֽים׃
BSAAnabʻĂnâb [a city of fruit, in southern Judah] EshtemohʼEshtᵉmôaʻ [I will make myself heard, a Levitical city] AnimʻÂnîym△ [a town of fountains, in southern Judah]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וַעֲנָ֥ב | and Anab | Conjunction, noun proper |
| וְאֶשְׁתְּמֹ֖ה | and Eshtemoh | Conjunction, noun proper |
| וְעָנִֽים׃ | and Anim | Conjunction, noun proper |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Anab, Eshtemoh, Anim, |
| KJV | And Anab, and Eshtemoh, and Anim, |
| ASV | and Anab, and Eshtemoh, and Anim, |
| YLT | and Anab, and Eshtemoh, and Anim, |
| WEB | Anab, Eshtemoh, Anim, |
| BBE | And Anab, and Eshtemoh, and Anim; |
All translations agree on the names of the cities listed in this verse.
The sentence is structured as a list of proper nouns, emphasizing the cities in a straightforward manner.
4 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Ellicott, Whedon & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 3 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Joshua 15:50
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Cities of Southern Judahgenerated
Joshua 15:50 lists Anab, Eshtemoh, and Anim as part of the cities allocated to the tribe of Judah. These cities were significant for their agricultural resources and spiritual heritage, contributing to the identity of the region. This enumeration emphasizes the importance of these locations in the biblical narrative of land allotment and settlement.
Cross References
The Key Word — עֲנָב, va.'a.Navgenerated
The word עֲנָב (Anab) is a proper noun referring to a city in southern Judah, meaning 'fruit'. It signifies a location known for its agricultural productivity, located southwest of Hebron. The parsing indicates it is a conjunction followed by a noun, marking it as part of a list of cities.
In the context of this verse, עֲנָב highlights the fruitful nature of the land, which was essential for the sustenance of the Israelite community.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
All translations agree on the naming of the cities: Anab, Eshtemoh, and Anim are consistently rendered across versions, including the BSB, KJV, ASV, YLT, WEB, and BBE.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The verse consists of a main clause listing three cities, with each city introduced by a conjunction. The structure is straightforward, emphasizing the cities in a sequential manner.
The noun phrases are presented in a simple list format, which is typical for geographic enumerations in biblical texts.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates עֲנָב as ανων, which retains the proper noun form without additional commentary. This choice reflects a direct correspondence to the Hebrew name.
The translation maintains the geographical significance of the cities without altering their names, indicating a consistent understanding of these locations in both texts.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Joshua 15:50 lists three cities in southern Judah: Anab, which means fruit; Eshtemoh, which means I will make myself heard; and Anim, known for its fountains. These cities were part of the land allotted to the tribe of Judah.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Anab means 'fruit' and refers to a city known for its agricultural significance.
Eshtemoh was a Levitical city, indicating its role in the religious life of Israel.
Anim is known for its fountains, highlighting the importance of water sources in the region.
These cities signify the agricultural and spiritual resources that were vital for the community in southern Judah.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What significance do these cities hold in the history of Judah?
- How do the meanings of these city names reflect the values of the Israelite community?
- In what ways can we see the connection between geography and spirituality in the biblical narrative?
- How does understanding the context of these cities enhance our reading of the book of Joshua?
Commentators on this verse — 4 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Joshua 15:50 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd Anab,.... Of Anab, [See comments on Joshua 11:21]; and Eshtemoh Jerom calls (h) Astemech, a village in the tribe of Judah, and belongs to the Jews in Daroma, and is to the north of a place called
Read John Gill on Joshua 15 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd Anab, and Eshtemoh, and Anim, Anab , [ `Anaab (H6024), grapetown; Septuagint, Anoon] - the Anab of the present day (Robinson's 'Biblical Researches,' 2:, pp. 194, 195).
Read Robert Jamieson on Joshua 15 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(48-51) Nine of these eleven are identified.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Joshua 15 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible50. Anab is still existing northwest of Socoh, without change of name. Eshtemoh is probably the modern Semua, “a considerable village, with remains of a wall, built of stones more than ten feet in length.” — Robinson.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Joshua 15 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Anab, Eshtemoh, Anim,
Anab, Eshtemoh, Anim,
Anab, Eshtemoh, Anim,
Anab, Eshtemoh, Anim,
Tyndale line
And Anab, and Eshtemoh, and Anim,
and Anab, and Eshtemoh, and Anim,
and Anab, and Eshtemoh, and Anim;
And Anab, and Eshtemoh, and Anim,
And Anab, and Ashtemoth, and Anim,
Strictly literal
and Anab, and Eshtemoh, and Anim,
and Anab, and Eshtemoh, and Anim,
and Anab, and Eshtemoh, and Anim,
And 'Anab, and Eshtemoh, and 'Anim.
Anab, Eshtemoh, Anim,
From the Latin
Anab and Istemo and Anim,
Simplified
Anab, Eshtemoh, Anim,
And Anab, and Eshtemoh, and Anim;
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the names listed in this verse. There are no variations in the names of the cities, showing a consistent transmission of this part of the text.
וַעֲנָ֥ב וְאֶשְׁתְּמֹ֖ה וְעָנִֽים׃
3 of the 3 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Joshua 15:50
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
עֲנָב (Anab) refers to a location in the hill country of Judah, identified as a city southwest of Hebron. The term is associated with the concept of 'fruit,' suggesting a connection to agricultural significance in the region.
עֲנָב n.pr.loc. in hill-country of Judah
base
H6024 עֲנָב
6024 `Anab an-awb'
from the same as 6025; fruit; Anab, a place in
Palestine:--Anab.
see HEBREW for 06025
עֲנָב (a.nav) — Anab.
§ Anab = "fruit"
a city in the mountains of southern Judah, 18 miles southwest of Hebron
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun properHC/Npl
a'-nab (`anabh, "grapes"; Codex Vaticanus, Anon or Anob): Mentioned in the list of cities which fell to Judah (Jos 15:50). In the list it follows Debir, from which it was a short distance to the Southwest. It lay about twelve males to the Southwest of Hebron. It was a city of the Anakim, from whom Joshua took it (Jos 11:21). Its site is now known as the rum `Anab.
Anab
Grape-town, one of the cities in the mountains of Judah, from which Joshua expelled the Anakim (Josh. 11:21; 15:50). It still retains its ancient name. It lies among the hills, 10 miles south-south-west of Hebron.
(grape-town), a town in the mountains of Judah, (Joshua 15:50) named with Debir and Hebron as once belonging to the Anakim. (Joshua 11:21)
a grape; a knot
אֶשְׁתְּמוֹעַ (Eshtmoa) refers to a Levitical city in the mountainous region of Judah, south of Hebron. The name is derived from a root suggesting obedience and is associated with meanings like 'I will make myself heard.' There are variations in the name, including אֶשְׁתְּמֹה (Eshtemoh), which carries different connotations.
אֶשְׁתְּמוֹעַ, אֶשְׁתְּמֹעַ, אֶשְׁתְּמֹה n.pr.loc. Levitical city in mountain-country of Judah, south of Hebron
base
H851 אֶשְׁתְּמוֹעַ, אֶשְׁתְּמֹעַ
851 'Eshtmoa` esh-tem-o'-ah
or bEshtmowam {esh-tem-o'-ah}; or sEshtmoh {esh-tem-o'}; from
8085 (in the sense of obedience); Eshtemoa or Eshtemoh, a
place in Palestine:--Eshtemoa, Eshtemoh.
see HEBREW for 08085
אֶשְׁתְּמוֹעַ (esh.te.mo.a) — Eshtemoa.
§ Eshtemoa = "I will make myself heard" Eshtemoh = "I shall cause my own ruin: fire of astonishment: I shall soar aloft"
a Levitical city in Judah
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun properHC/Npl
esh'-te-mo.
See ESHTEMOA.
עָנִים (Aniym) refers to a plural form meaning 'fountains' and is also the name of a town located in the hill-country of southern Judah, as noted in Joshua 15:50. The entries indicate that it is derived from another Hebrew word, but do not provide further details on its usage beyond the geographical reference.
עָנִים n.pr.loc. in hill-country of Judah Jos 15:50
ref
H6044 עָנִים
6044 `Aniym aw-neem'
for plural of 5869; fountains; Anim, a place in
Palestine:--Anim.
see HEBREW for 05869
עָנִים (a.nim) — Anim.
§ Anim = "fountains"
a town in the mountains of southern Judah
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun properHC/Npl
a'-nim (`anim, "springs"): One of the cities of the hill country of Judah mentioned immediately after Eshtemoa (Jos 15:50). It is probably represented by the double ruin of el Ghuwein situated South of es Semu`a. The surface remains are Byzantine--a Christian town called Anem was here in the 4th century, but it is clearly an ancient site of importance (PEF, III, 408, Sh, XXV).
Anim
Fountains, a city in the mountains of Judah (Josh. 15:50), now el-Ghuwein, near Eshtemoh, about 10 miles south-west of Hebron.
(fountains), a city in the mountains of Judah, named with Eshtemoh and Goshen. (Joshua 15:50)
answerings; singings; afflicted