Roman Governors and Officers vKing,βασιλείς. 1, Herod the Great, Matthew 2:1-23; Matthew 3:1-17; Matthew 4:1-25; Matthew 5:1-48; Matthew 6:1-34; Matthew 7:1-29; Matthew 8:1-34; Matthew 9:1-2, Herod Agrippa I., Acts 12:1-25; Acts 13:1-52; Acts 14:1-28; Acts 15:1-41; Acts 16:1-40; Acts 17:1-34; Acts 18:1-28; Acts 19:1-41; Acts 20:1-38; Acts 21:1-40; Acts 22:1-30; Acts 23:1-3, Herod Agrippa II., Acts 25:1-27; Acts 26:4, Aretas, King of Arabia, 2 Corinthians 11:32. The king named in Mark 6:14 was Antipas the tetrarch. vTetrarch,τετράρχης; strictly one who governed the fourth part of a divided province, but also used for the governor of a small state. Herod Antipas was tetrarch of Galilee. Matthew 14:1; Luke 3:1; Luke 3:19; Luke 9:7; Acts 13:1. Herod Philip was tetrarch of Ituזa and Trachonitis; Lysanius of Abilene. vGovernor,ήλεμών, ’ a leader, governor, prince:’ applied to Pontius Pilate, Matthew 27:2-27Luke 3:1; to Felix the governor, Acts 23:24-35; and to Cyrenius, governor of Syria. Luke 2:2. ἐθνάρχης governor of a people.’ The Romans gave such the title of Pretor, Procurator, or Ethnarch, 2 Corinthians 11:32. vDeputy,άνθύπατος, a governor of a Roman province with consular powers, a Proconsul, Acts 13:7-8; Acts 13:12; Acts 18:12; Acts 19:38. vMagistrate,στρατηγός, strictly ’ a leader of an army,’ but applied to a magistrate or ruler, especially governors of colonies: Acts 16:20-38., άοχή,ἄοχων, any ’ chief,’ or head man: Luke 12:11; Luke 12:58. vTown clerk,γοαμματεύς, from γοάμμα, ’ a scribe,’ secretary, recorder, Acts 19:35. vRuler,ἄοχωνany ’ chief man,’ Romans 13:3. , ἡγεμών, Pretor (as above), Mark 13:9; Luke 21:12. , πολιτάοχης, ’head or ruler of the citizens,’ a Politarch, Acts 17:6-8. vChief of Asia, ’Ασιάοχης, Asiarch: honorary magistrates in Asia: ten of the principal persons of the province were elected annually of which one was chief. They were specially charged with the public festivals: Acts 19:31. vPowers,ἐξουσία, ’ authority, power,’ those in authority, Luke 12:1-59; Romans 13:1-3. vCaptain, Chief Captain, High Captain, χιλίαρχος, the commander of a thousand men,’ a Chiliarch, Mark 6:21; John 18:12; Acts 21:31-37; Acts 22:24-29; Acts 23:10-22; Acts 24:7; Acts 24:22; Acts 25:23; Revelation 6:15; Revelation 19:18. vCaptain of the Guard,στρατοπεδάοχης. ’the commander of a camp,’ but applied to the commander of the emperor’s guards, to whom Paul was delivered as a prisoner at Rome, Acts 28:16. vCenturion,ἑκατουτ,‒χος,κεωτυοίων, ’ the commander of a hundred men,’ Matthew 8:5; Matthew 8:8; Matthew 8:13; Mark 15:39-45; Acts 10:10 : &c. vOfficer,ὑπηοέτης, a subordinate attendant, Matthew 5:25 : the same word is used for officers connected with the temple, John 7:32,45, 46; 28:3, 12, 18, 22; 19:6; Acts 5:22; Acts 26:2, ποάκτωο, the officer who received the money adjudged to be paid, Luke 12:58. vSerjeant,όαβδοῦχος, literally ’one who has a rod,’ an in erior officer who attended the magistrates to execute their orders, a Lictor. They carried on their shoulders a bundle of rods, in the center of which was an ax, as may often be seen in Roman illustrations: Acts 16:35; Acts 16:38.
