1 Chronicles 11

1 all Israel. The narrative of David’s reign omits his rule over Judah (2 Sam. ii.-iv.), and begins with the extension of his power over all Israel. Vers. 1-9 correspond with the narrative in 2 Sam. v. 1-10; and vers. 10-47 with the list of heroes in 2 Sam. xxiii. 8-39.

8. Milio. See Judges ix. 6; 2 Sam. v. 9.

10. These also are the chief. See 2 Sam. xxiii. 8; strengthened themselves with him. Or, “shewed themselves strong with him,” R.V. (i.e., on his side).

11. Hachmonite. In xxvii. 2 he is called “son of Zabdiel,” who probably was his immediate father, of the family of Hachmoni. R.V., “son of a Hachmonite.”

three hundred. The account in 2 Sam. gives 800: another instance of the variation in numbers, due no doubt to copyists.

12 the three mighties. From 2 Sam. xxiii.

8-12 it appears that these three heroes were Jashobeam (“the Tachmonite”), Eleazar, and Shammah. But in this place both Eleazar’s achievement and Shammah’s name have been omitted (probably through an oversight of a copyist, arising from the repetition of the words “the Philistines were gathered together”); so that the exploit which was really performed by Shammah is ascribed to Eleazar.

22 many acts. Rather, “mighty deeds,” R.V. slew a lion. See notes on the parallel passage, 2 Sam. xxiii. 20.

26 the valiant men of the armies. The variations in the two lists (ep. 2 Sam. xxiii. 24-39) may probably be explained by some difference in the period to which they respectively refer. The present (47 names) is the earlier list, that in 2 Sam. (31 names) the later.