Matthew 8

Matthew 8:1

THE CURE OF THE LEPER AND OF THE CENTURION’S SERVANT

[Matthew 8, 1-10. Mark 1, 40-45. Luke 6, 12-15 and 7, 1-10]

AS Jesus descended from the mountain, a leper¹ came, who, falling down, adored Him, saying: “Lord, if Thou wilt², Thou canst make me clean!” Jesus, stretching forth His hand,

¹ A leper. St. Luke (5, 12) calls him a man “full of leprosy”; which would mean that he was afflicted with the malady in its worst form. Even the devil could think of no worse plague than leprosy wherewith to torment Job. In addition to the actual sufferings caused by the malady, we must take into consideration the hard conditions of the Jewish law. The leper was considered unclean, and not allowed to enter the Temple or offer sacrifice, or hold any intercourse with those who were clean. If an Israelite leper was cured of his disease, he had to report himself to a priest at Jerusalem, by whom he was taken to the Mount of Olives and there examined. If he was pronounced clean by the priest, he then had to offer a lamb in the Temple. He was sprinkled with the blood of this lamb mixed with consecrated oil, and was then pronounced once more clean, and restored to the full enjoyment of his rights as a member of the chosen people.

² If Thou wilt. We can imagine how eagerly the leper must have implored Jesus to help him for he firmly believed that He could cure him, if He only would do so.

— XXII. THE CURE OF THE LEPER AND OF THE CENTURION’S SERVANT. 485

touched him, saying: “I will; be thou made clean.” And forthwith¹ his leprosy was cleansed. Then Jesus spoke to him: “See thou tell no man²; but go, show thyself to the priest, and offer the gift³ which Moses commanded as a testimony⁴ to them.”

After this, Jesus returned to Capharnaum. In this city there lived a centurion⁵, a Roman, who was friendly to the Jews, and had built them a synagogue. Now the servant of this man was sick and grievously tormented. The centurion, therefore, knowing that Jesus had come back to Capharnaum, besought some of the Jewish elders⁶ to go and ask our Lord to come⁷ and cure his servant.

Jesus went with them. But when the centurion saw our Lord coming with the ancients, he said: “Lord, I am not worthy⁸ that thou shouldst enter under my roof; but only say the word, and

¹ Forthwith. How happy the poor man must have been when he both saw and felt that he had been instantaneously cured, and delivered from his horrible sufferings.

² No man. Take care not to forestall the sentence of the priest, who alone, according to the law, has the right to decide whether you are clean, but go straight to Jerusalem.

³ The gift. A lamb.

⁴ Testimony. To bear witness, firstly, that I have healed you, and secondly, that I have admonished you to obey the precepts of the law, and that I am, therefore, no enemy either of the law or of the priests. Jesus sent the man thus miraculously cured to the unbelieving priest, in order that the latter might be convinced by the man’s account of what had occurred that Jesus was the Messias and the Son of God. “The leper who had been cured went his way to the holy city and the Temple, being the latest messenger of grace.” (Gruen.) On another occasion Christ healed ten lepers, of whom only one, and he a Samaritan, came to return thanks to God. See Luke 17, 12—19.

⁵ Centurion. A pagan officer of the garrison of Capharnaum, but one who evidently believed in the unseen God of the Jews, since he had built them a synagogue.

⁶ Elders. The leading men of the synagogue. He sent them, because he, a pagan, did not dare approach the great miracle-worker of Israel. They pleaded for him, saying: “He is worthy that thou shouldst do this for him.”

⁷ Come. It had not been possible to take the sick man to Jesus. That the centurion had used all human means to cure his servant may be taken for granted.

⁸ I am not worthy. The centurion had sent to ask Jesus to come; but when he saw from his house that He was really coming, he was seized with a holy diffidence, and hastening to meet our Lord, said: “Lord, I am not worthy that Thou shouldst enter under my roof” (for it is not necessary that Thou shouldst come into my house). “Speak the word (only one word is necessary), and my servant shall be healed.”

— 486 XXII. THE CURE OF THE LEPER AND OF THE CENTURION’S SERVANT.

my servant shall be healed. For I also am a man subject to authority¹, having under me soldiers, and I say to this: Go, and he goeth, and to another: Come, and he cometh, and to my servant: Do this, and he doeth it.” Hearing this, Jesus wondered much, and turning to the multitude that followed Him, said: “Amen, I say to you, I have not found so great faith² in Israel³. And I say unto you that many shall come from the East and the West, and shall sit down⁴ with Abraham, Isaac and Jacob in the kingdom of heaven. But the children⁵ of the kingdom shall be cast out into exterior darkness⁶; there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth.“⁷ Then He said to the centurion: “Go, and as thou hast believed, so be it done to thee.” And the servant was healed at the same hour.

COMMENTARY.

The Divinity of our Lord was proved by two astounding miracles. The leper believed in our Lord’s Divinity. He did not say to Him: “Pray to God that I may be clean”, but he entreated Him as God, and, full of faith, said: “If Thou wilt, Thou canst make me clean”, i. e. it only depends on Thy will to cure me, for Thou canst do it, if Thou wilt. And Jesus confirmed his faith by saying: “I will: be thou clean.” Our Lord said: “I will!” to show that He could make the sick well by His mere will, or, in other words, that He was Omnipotent. He manifested the same Omnipotence by curing the centurion’s servant without even seeing him.

Our Lord’s prophecy about the extension of His Church is another proof of His Divinity. The heathen centurion believed, whereas the

¹ Subject to authority. Means here the same as “placed in authority”. The centurion wishes to acknowledge Christ as God. He therefore says: When I command those under me to do anything, it is done at once; how much more will Thy word be obeyed, if Thou commandest disease and approaching death to depart: for Thou art more than man, and art subject to no one.

² So great faith. As in this man. ³ In Israel. Among Israelites.

⁴ Sit down. Shall obtain eternal happiness. Heaven is often compared to a banquet, because there man will find peace, joy, and satisfaction.

⁵ The children. The descendants of Abraham, for whom the kingdom of the Messias was primarily intended.

⁶ Exterior darkness. The darkness which is outside the kingdom of heaven, or, in other words, hell.

⁷ Gnashing of teeth. Anguish and rage at the misery they have brought on themselves.

— XXII. THE CURE OF THE LEPER AND OF THE CENTURION’S SERVANT. 487

Pharisees and their many adherents would not believe. Our Lord made this the occasion of uttering the significant and striking prophecy that many heathens, all over the world, would believe in Him, becoming thereby the spiritual children of Abraham, and would possess the kingdom of heaven promised to him; whilst, on the other hand, the Israelites, the real descendants of Abraham, who were called into the kingdom of heaven before any one else, would not, as a body, believe and be saved, but would be lost by reason of their unbelief. This prophecy of the spread of His Church among the Gentiles has been completely fulfilled, and proves the Omniscience of our Lord.

The Goodness and Compassion of Jesus. Our Lord did not drive the leper from Him, but “had compassion on him” (Mark 1, 41), and touched him who was counted as unclean. And now also, Jesus drives no sinner from Him, however foul and unclean he may be, if only he will believe and do penance. Our Lord was quite ready to go to visit and help the centurion’s sick servant; but in our case He condescends not merely to come into our house, but into our very hearts, in Holy Communion, so as to strengthen us, His feeble servants, and keep us in His grace.

The command of Jesus to submit to God’s priests. As Christ would not have cured the leper, if he had refused to show himself to the priest, so now no one obtains forgiveness of his sins, unless he reveals them to the priest in confession.

The virtues of the centurion:

1. Compassion. He had bought this slave with money, and had he died, he could easily have bought another, for he was very rich, or else he could not have built the Jews a synagogue. But he had a kind and compassionate heart, and he was full of pity for his slave, who was suffering such acute pain, and wished to do what he could to help him. His kindness of heart showed to great advantage beside the hardness of heart of the Scribes and Pharisees (Mat. 23, 23). “Blessed are the merciful.”

2. Faith. The centurion’s compassion was the means of his receiving the gift of faith. His compassion made him seek for help from Jesus. He had heard of the miracles which our Lord had already worked, and, by God’s grace, what he heard engendered in his heart a firm belief that Jesus was the Messias whom the Jews expected, and that He was able, without even entering his house, to save his servant from certain death.

3. Humility. Faith made the centurion humble. The Jewish ancients said about him: “He is worthy that Thou shouldst help him”, but he himself said to Jesus: “Lord, I am not worthy” &c. He felt his sinfulness and nothingness acutely in the Presence of Jesus, the Holy and Almighty One, even as Peter felt it at the time of the

— 488 XXII. THE CURE OF THE LEPER AND OF THE CENTURION’S SERVANT.

miraculous draught of fish, when he said: “Depart from me, O Lord, for I am a sinful man.”

Hell is styled exterior darkness by our Lord, because no ray of divine light or grace can penetrate there. There, says our Lord, is weeping, or wailing, on account of the horrible torment, and gnashing of teeth from despair at its everlasting duration.

Prayers for benefactors. The ancients of the city pleaded the cause of the centurion, because he had built for them a house of prayer. We ought to pray to God for our benefactors, especially for our parents, god-parents, pastors, and teachers.

The power of intercession. The centurion interceded for his servant, and the ancients prayed our Lord to grant the centurion’s petition. These prayers were not made in vain, for Jesus yielded to them, and cured the servant.

“Domine, non sum dignus”, “Lord, I am not worthy!” The priest says these words at Mass when he receives Holy Communion. He says them also when he administers Communion to the faithful.

Leprosy, a type of sin. Leprosy disfigured the body and made it hideous: mortal sin defaces the soul, which is the image of God, deprives it of sanctifying grace, and makes it foul and horrible in the eyes of God. Leprosy enfeebled the body and made it unfit for work: sin renders man incapable of performing meritorious works. Leprosy caused pain, fear and depression: sin destroys interior peace, creates remorse of conscience and fear of death and judgment. Leprosy was contagious, and, on this account, lepers were avoided by everybody: sin also is contagious, and we ought to avoid the company of sinners and criminals. The leper had to show himself to the priest, exposing to him his breast, face and arms, before he could be pronounced clean and restored to the society of the faithful: the sinner must go to the priest, as the representative of God, and discover to him by a sincere confession his sinful thoughts, words and actions, before he can receive absolution, and be restored to the company of the children of God.

APPLICATION. Have you always made a good confession? Have you a great horror of the leprosy of sin?

— XXIII. JESUS RAISES FROM THE DEAD THE SON OF THE WIDOW OF NAIM.

Matthew 8:23

CHRIST STILLS THE TEMPEST

[Matthew 8. 23-27. Mark 4. 35. 40. Luke 8. 22-25]

ONE evening Jesus entered into a boat (Fig. 76)$^(1)$, and His disciples followed Him$^(2)$. A great tempest arose in the sea$^(3)$, so that the boat was covered with waves, and

$^(1)$ Boat. Being fatigued and wishing to avoid the crowd, and to retire into solitude.

$^(2)$ Him. They went towards Gadara, a town lying to the south east of the lake. They must therefore have traversed almost the whole length of the lake.

$^(3)$ Sea. St. Luke says (8, 23): “There came down a storm of wind upon the lake (that is from the mountains which surround it), and they were filled and were in danger.” Violent and sudden storms like the one thus described frequently occur

— XXIX. CHRIST STILLS THE TEMPEST.

they were in great danger. But Jesus was asleep¹. His disciples came to Him, crying out with fear: “Lord, save us, we perish.” Jesus arose and said to them: “Why are ye fearful, O ye of little faith?“² Then standing, He rebuked the winds and commanded the sea³, and there came a great calm⁴

But the men⁵ wondered, saying: “What manner of man is this, for the winds and the sea obey Him?”

man is this, for the winds and the sea COMMENTARY.

The Divinity of our Lord. “Who is this, that even the wind and the sea obey Him!” exclaimed the witnesses of this wonder. This great miracle was, indeed, a fresh and clear proof of our Lord’s divine power. But in order to appreciate the greatness of the miracle you must take

on the Sea of Galilee. The wind blowing from the mountains on one side of the lake is beaten back on to the water from those on the other side, being, as it were, imprisoned in the hollow, and expends all its fury on the surface of the water. As fast as the disciples baled out the water, fresh volumes poured in. At one moment the little ship was raised on the crest of the waves, and the next buried in their depths, till the planks of the boat creaked and threatened to fall asunder.

1. Asleep. As if there were no danger. The disciples watched anxiously whether He would awake; for they believed that He could avert the danger, if only He were awake. But while they hesitated and shrank from disturbing the Holy One, the storm and the danger increased, and in fear for their lives they went to Him and awoke Him.

2. Faith. If your faith were not so weak, you would not be frightened.

3. Commanded the sea. Saying to the sea: “Peace, be still!” (Mark 4, 39.)

4. Calm. The wind abated instantly, the lake became calm, and a great silence succeeded the clamour of the storm.

5. Men. Not only the apostles, but also the men in the other ships; for St. Mark tells us that “there were other ships with him”.

KNECHT, Commentary, 3. ed. — XXIX. CHRIST STILLS THE TEMPEST.

into account following circumstances. After a violent storm it is usually many hours before the movement of the waves subsides, and the surface of the sea regains its smoothness. But in this case the calm followed immediately on our Lord’s words. Man never feels himself so small, so powerless, so pitiable as when he is in conflict with the uncontrolled powers of nature. Then those who think themselves strongest recognize their weakness and cry out to God for help. But Jesus arises and commands the raging elements, and they obey Him. “O Lord of hosts”, cries the Psalmist, “who is like to Thee! Thou rules: the power of the sea, and appeasest the motion of the waves thereof” (Ps. 88, 9).

The Two Natures in Jesus Christ. As Man He was tired and slept; as God He commanded the winds and the waves.

The weak faith of the disciples was shown by their thinking that our Lord, when asleep, was powerless to help them. They forgot that His Godhead cannot sleep, but is ever awake and watchful over His servants.

The object of this miracle was 1. to increase and strengthen the faith of the apostles; 2. to teach the apostles and their successors that they, as fishers of men, would be exposed to many persecutions and afflictions; but that Jesus would always be with them to hush the storm.

The Church Militant, with the successor of St. Peter at the helm, is typified by Peter’s little ship threatened with destruction by the storm. The Church has to contend with many adversaries; but our Lord is in her midst, and if at times He seems to slumber, He still knows the sufferings and dangers which threaten His Church, and all at once He will arise, command the storm by His Almighty word, and once more give back peace and liberty to His Church.

The storm of temptation. There arise storms in the lives of individuals also, when sufferings and temptations assail them. Sometimes a person seems in danger of sinking, i. e. of sinning and losing eternal life. But God is near him, with His help, grace and consolation. St. Bernard says about this: “Though the world should rave and Satan rage, though the flesh should rebel, I will still hope in Thee, O my God; for who has ever hoped in Thee and been confounded?”

Storms of life. So it is in all the storms of life. If only we have confidence in God, and ask Him to come to our aid, He will not fail us in the hour of our need. He whom the winds and the seas obey is ever at hand to help those who invoke His name.

APPLICATION. Many storms arise in your heart, as when, for instance, you are moved to anger or jealousy, or are cast down by cowardice. In all such temptations keep Jesus in your heart, and cry out to Him, saying: “Lord, save me, or I perish!”

— XXX. JESUS RAISES TO LIFE THE DAUGHTER OF JAIRUS.