1 Corinthians 11

CHAPTER 11THEME: Women’s dress; the Lord’s TableWe have concluded the section concerning Christian liberty, which extended from chapter 8 to the first verse of this chapter. Now Paul is dealing with other matters about which the Corinthian church had written him. Someone is probably saying, “Do you mean to say that God is giving instructions regarding trivialities like a woman’s dress? Certainly God cannot be concerned with what a woman wears or whether a man gets a hair cut!” Well, the Bible makes it clear that God is interested in what we are wearing and how we fix our hair. God says, “But the very hairs of your head are all numbered” (Mat_10:30). This idea that only your hairdresser knows is not true; God knows, my friend. He has a great deal to say about these and related subjects. The most intimate details of our lives are under His inspection. There is probably no single item that takes up more space in newspapers, magazines, radio time, and television time than what men and women wear. The Word of God has some things to say about that, too.

1 Corinthians 11:1

This is something that very few of us can say. Well, I shouldn’t include you, but it is something that I dare not say. I want you to be a follower of Christ and a follower of Paulbut don’t follow me in everything. What a tremendous testimony Paul gives in that statement!

1 Corinthians 11:2

WOMEN’S DRESSUp to this point he had said, “I praise you not,” but here Paul has an item of praise for them. He praises them because they have remembered him in prayer and in their giving, and they were practicing the ordinances he had taught them.

1 Corinthians 11:3

I realize full well that there are people today who like to emphasize the middle statement: “the head of the woman is the man.” But, my friend, when you put all these statements together, you don’t come up with a lopsided viewpoint. Paul is putting down another great principle here: This is authority for the sake of order, to eliminate confusion. This principle is important in the church as well as the home. Several years ago a pastor was having trouble in his church, and I asked him what the problem was. He said it was that he had too many chiefs and not enough Indianseveryone wanted to be a leader. Today we find churches which have courses in leadership training. I’d like to know where you find that in the Bible. There are organizations which exist solely for the purpose of training young people to be public speakers. Paul says we are to “study to be quiet” (1Th_4:11). I wish we could put the emphasis where the Bible puts it. We don’t need all this leadership training. We need folk who will act and live like Christians. That is the important thing. The important word here is head. “The head of every man is Christ; and the head of the woman is the man; and the head of Christ is God.” The head is that portion of the body that gives the direction. This verse does not say that the head of every Christian man is Christ. The word man is genericit is a general item. It says the head of every man is Christ. It is the normal and correct order for Christ to be the head of every man. Until a man is mastered by Christ, he is not a normal man. Some men are mastered by drink; some are mastered by passion; most are mastered by the flesh.

Every man should be mastered by Christ. Augustine said, “The heart of man is restless until it finds its rest in thee” (Confessions, Bk. 1, sec. 1). The heart of man is restless until he makes Christ the head. Men who have accomplished great things for God have done this. I think of Martin Luther and Wilberforce and Augustine who were profligate until they were mastered by Christ. I hear it said of a man today, “He is a Christian man.” Is he mastered by Christ?

That is the important thing, and that is what Paul is saying. “The head of the woman is man"there is no article in the Greek, it is not the man. Notice it is not every woman; it is not an absolute. It refers to marriage where the woman is to respond to the man. It is normal for the woman to be subject to the man in marriage. If a woman cannot look up to a man and respect him, she ought not to follow him and surely ought not to marry him. But a real woman responds with every fiber of her being to the man she loves. He, in turn, must be the man who is willing to die for her"Husbands, love your wives, even as Christ also loved the church, and gave himself for it” (Eph_5:25). Dr. G. Campbell Morgan told about a friend of his and his wife’s who was a very brilliant woman. She had a strong personality, was an outstanding person, and was not married. He asked her one day the pointed question, “Why have you never married?” Her answer was, “I have never found a man who could master me.” So she never married. May I say that until a woman finds that man, she would make a mistake to get married. If she marries a Mr. Milquetoast, she will be in trouble from that day on. “The head of Christ is God.” There is a great mystery here. Jesus said, “I and my Father are one” (Joh_10:30), but He also said, “…for my Father is greater than I” (Joh_14:28). In the work of redemption, He voluntarily took a lower place and was made lower than the angels. He walked a lowly path down here. We are admonished, “Let this mind be in you, which was also in Christ Jesus: Who, being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God: But made himself of no reputation, and took upon him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of men” (Php_2:5-7). Now Paul is going to apply this principle of headship to the situation in Corinth. An unveiled woman in Corinth was a prostitute. The situation in your church or in your community may be different than it was in Corinth, but there is a principle here and it still applies today.

1 Corinthians 11:4

The rabbis of that day taught that a man was to cover his head. Paul says that they actually misinterpreted Moses and the reason for the veil. “And not as Moses, which put a veil over his face, that the children of Israel could not stedfastly look to the end of that which is abolished” (2Co_3:13). This refers to an experience Moses had when he came down from the mount where he had communed with God. When he first came down, the skin of his face shone, but after awhile that glory began to disappear. Therefore, he covered his face so they wouldn’t discover the glory was disappearing (see Exo_34:33-35). Paul is saying to the men that they ought not to cover their heads. A man created in the image of God, who is in Christ by redemption, is to have his head uncovered as a symbol of dignity and of liberty. He is not to be covered when he prays or when he prophesies. When he is praying, he is speaking for man to God, making intercession. When he is prophesying, he is speaking for God to man. Whenever he is standing in these two sacred, holy positions, he is to have his head uncovered.

1 Corinthians 11:5

They had a woman’s liberation movement going in Corinth centuries ago, and it was going in the wrong direction. Paul says that the man should have his head uncovered but that the woman should have her head covered. I want you to note that it says “every woman that prayeth or prophesieth,” which means that a woman can pray in public and it means she can speak in public. Folk who maintain that the Bible says a woman cannot do these things are entirely wrong. The woman has the right to do these things if God has given her that gift. Some women have the gift. I know several women today who are outstanding Bible teachers. They can out-teach any man. One preacher told me this very candidly, “My wife is a much better Bible teacher than I am.” An officer of the church said they would much rather hear her speak than hear him speak. She had the gift of teaching.

1 Corinthians 11:6

This had a peculiar and particular application to Corinth. The unveiled woman in Corinth was a prostitute. Many of them had their heads shaved. The vestal virgins in the temple of Aphrodite who were really prostitutes had their heads shaved. The women who had their heads uncovered were the prostitutes. Apparently some of the women in the church at Corinth were saying, “All things are lawful for me, therefore, I won’t cover my head.” Paul says this should not be done because the veil is a mark of subjection, not to man, but to God.

Now this had a local application; it was given to the women in Corinth. Does it apply to our day and society? Well, I have heard that a new hat is a morale builder for women. A wife said to her husband, “Every time I get down in the dumps, I go and buy a new hat.” His response was, “I have been wondering where you got those hats!” Seriously, regulations for a woman’s dress are in regard to her ministry. If she is to lead, she ought to have her head covered. Other passages will give us more information about this. “I will therefore that men pray every where, lifting up holy hands, without wrath and doubting.

In like manner also, that women adorn themselves in modest apparel, with shamefacedness and sobriety; not with broided hair, or gold, or pearls, or costly array; But (which becometh women professing godliness) with good works” (1Ti_2:8-10). This states that if the woman is to lift up holy hands in the service in leading, she is not to adorn herself to draw attention to herself. Very candidly, it means that the woman is not to use sex appeal in the service of God. That is exactly what it means, my friend. She is not to use sex appeal at allit will not win her husband to Christ either. The Bible has more to say on this subject. “Likewise, ye wives, be in subjection to your own husbands; that, if any obey not the word, they also may without the word be won by the conversation of the wives…. Whose adorning let it not be that outward adorning of plaiting the hair, and of wearing of gold, or of putting on of apparel; But let it be the hidden man of the heart, in that which is not corruptible, even the ornament of a meek and quiet spirit, which is in the sight of God of great price” (1Pe_3:1, 1Pe_3:3-4). God is saying that a wife cannot win her husband to Christ by sex appeal. This does not mean that she is not to be appealing to her husband, but it does mean that a woman never wins her husband to Christ by sex appeal. There are women in the Bible who had sex appeal: Jezebel, Esther, Salome. Then there are some who stand out in Scripture as being wonderful, marvelous, godly women whom God used: Sarah, Deborah, Hannah, Abigail, and Mary the mother of Jesus.

Then there is also something said to the husbands. “Likewise, ye husbands, dwell with them according to knowledge, giving honour unto the wife, as unto the weaker vessel, and as being heirs together of the grace of life; that your prayers be not hindered” (1Pe_3:7). Many a family today have their prayers hindered because the husband and wife are not getting along as they should. Now Paul goes back to the principle he laid down for men in verse 1Co_11:4.

1 Corinthians 11:7

The woman’s place is to be a helpmeet to the man. She is to be the other part of him. No man is complete without a woman except where God has given special grace to a man for a special work. Listen to the next verse.

1 Corinthians 11:10

Now here is a reference to angels that I don’t understand. I am of the opinion that we are being observed by God’s created intelligences. We are on a stage in this little world, and all God’s created intelligences are watching us. They are finding out about the love of God because they know we are not worthy of the love of God. They probably think God would have done well to have gotten rid of us because we are rebellious creatures in His universe. But He didn’t! He loves us! That display of His love is in His grace to save us. The angels probably marvel at His grace and patience with little man.

1 Corinthians 11:11

The power of the woman is to hold her man because she is a woman. The man holds his woman because he is a man. This is the marriage relationship as God ordained it. When that relationship doesn’t exist, then God’s ideal is lost.

1 Corinthians 11:12

They are inseparable. Man is not a sphere but a hemisphere; woman is not a sphere but a hemisphere. It is nonsense for either men or women to talk about liberation. The man needs the woman, and the woman needs the man. This is true liberty in the glorious relationship of marriage.

1 Corinthians 11:13

A woman ought not to call attention to herself when she is speaking for the Lord or teaching a Bible class or praying. There should be no sex appeal. Also, she needs to remember that her sex appeal is a tremendous thing which has the power to either lift a man up or drag him down.

1 Corinthians 11:14

As I write this, long hair is a fad among men. Men who let their hair grow so long that you can hardly recognize them seem to me to be expressing a lack of purpose in life. I wonder if it is a movement toward the animal world. Notice that Paul asks, “Doth not even nature itself teach you, that, if a man have long hair, it is a shame unto him?” We have an example of this in the Old Testament. The Nazarite vow was an act of consecrating oneself to God. It was symbolized by long, uncut hair. This meant that a Nazarite was willing to bear shame for God’s name. Even at that time men’s long hair was considered shameful.

1 Corinthians 11:15

Now it is true that today we have liberty in Christ. The length of the hair is really not so much the issue as the motive behind it. Many men wear long hair as a sign of rebellion, and many women cut their hair as a sign of rebellion. Our moral values get turned upside down, and there is a danger of being an extremist in either direction. Extremism leads to strange behavior like the lady who went to the psychiatrist because her family had urged her to go. The psychiatrist asked her, “What really seems to be your trouble?” She said, “They think it is strange that I like pancakes.” He answered, “There is nothing wrong in liking pancakes. I like pancakes myself.” So she said, “You do? Well, come over sometime; I have trunks filled with them!” You see, my friend, you can be an extremist in that which is a normal thing. Now Paul says that it is not really the haircut or the style of the dress that is of utmost importance.

1 Corinthians 11:16

Paul concludes by saying that the church ought not to make rules in connection with the matter of women’s dress or men’s hair. The really important issue is the inner man. It is the old nature which needs a haircut and the robe of righteousness. My friend, if we are clothed with the robe of Christ’s righteousness and if our old nature is under the control of the Holy Spirit, that will take care of the outer man. The haircut and the style of clothes won’t make much difference. Paul is saying that he is not giving a rule to the churches. He just states what is best in his opinion. We should remember that in all our Christian liberty we are to think of others and of our testimony to others. We should be guided by the principles he has laid down: to glorify God, and not to offend others.

1 Corinthians 11:17

THE LORD’S SUPPERNow we move to a new topic, and it seems we go from one extreme to the otherfrom hair and dress to the Lord’s Supper. This is probably the most sacred part of our relationship to God. I am confident that the Lord’s Supper is something that is greatly misunderstood in our churches. As a result, it is almost blasphemy the way it is observed in some places. Paul is going to say here that God judges us in the way that we observe the Lord’s Supper. Actually, among the Corinthians some were sick and some had died because of the way they observed it.

They did not discern the body of Christ. I wonder whether we discern the body of Christ today. Most of us observe the method that is used. We note every detail of the ritual, but do we really discern the body of Christ in the Lord’s Supper? The Lord’s Supper is the highest expression and the holiest exercise of Christian worship. In Corinth it had dropped to such a low secular level that they were practically blaspheming it. I would have included this section in the “spiritual” division of this epistle except for the fact that Paul is dealing with a very bad situation in Corinth. Therefore, I place it in the “carnal” division of the epistle. Three of the four Gospels record the institution of the Lord’s Supper, and it is repeated in this epistle. It is interesting that nowhere are we commanded to remember the Lord’s birthday, but we are requested and commanded that those who are His own should remember His deathday. Paul attached the utmost importance to the Lord’s Supper. In verse 1Co_11:23 he says, “For I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered unto you, That the Lord Jesus the same night in which he was betrayed took bread.” Paul received this by direct revelation: “For I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures” (1Co_15:3). Paul received a direct revelation of the gospel and a direct revelation of the Lord’s Supper. The Lord gave him special instructions concerning itremember that Paul was not in the Upper Room at the institution of the Lord’s Supper. I admit that it is rather difficult to see the connection of what Paul says to the Corinthian church with our celebration of the Lord’s Supper. There is no exact parallel because the situations are not similar. In that day the Lord’s Supper was preceded by a social meal. It was probably celebrated in the homes and celebrated daily. Acts tells us, “And they, continuing daily with one accord in the temple, and breaking bread from house to house, did eat their meat with gladness and singleness of heart, Praising God, and having favour with all the people. And the Lord added to the church daily such as should be saved” (Act_2:46-47]. Aristides, an Athenian philosopher who lived in the early part of the second century, describes the way the Christians of his day lived: “Every morning and all hours and on the account of the goodness of God towards them they praise and laud Him…. And if any righteous person of their number passes away from the world they rejoice and give thanks to God…. If a child chance to die in its infancy they praise God mightily, as for one who has passed through this world without sin.” That is the statement from one who was not a member of the church but observed it from the outside in the second century. The church in Corinth followed the procedure of having a meal in connection with the Lord’s Supper. After all, the Passover was that kind of celebration in the Upper Room. After our Lord had celebrated the Passover supper, He took bread and broke it. On the dying embers of a fading feast, He did something new. Out of the ashes of that dead feast, He erected a new monument, not of marble or bronze, but of simple elements of food. Today we have a custom among churches, clubs, fraternities, banks, and insurance companies of getting together and having a meal and a time of fellowship together. A great many folk criticize church banquets, and I have too, when they center only on the physical man. In the early church they had these dinners for fellowship, and they were called an agape or “love feast.” This was a part of the fellowship of the church, the koinonia. In that day the social gathering led right into the Lord’s Supper. It was kept separate, but the agape always preceded the Eucharist. Later on these feasts were separated, and they are not practiced like that today. We do not have a “love feast” or dinner which precedes the Lord’s Supper. Because of the separation, we do not duplicate the bad situation that prevailed in the Corinthian church. However, there are certain lessons here for us. The word declare is actually a command, and unto you in the Authorized Version is in italics, which means it is not in the original text. It should be “Now in this I command, I praise you not, that ye come together not for the better, but for the worse.” In other words, they should have come together for a great spiritual blessing, but it didn’t amount to that.

1 Corinthians 11:18

He is not talking about an edifice, a building. He is talking about when the believers come togetherthat is the true church. Today when we speak of a church, we always identify a building as the church. We think of the Baptist church, the Methodist church, the Presbyterian church, or the independent church down on the corner. The chances are that those buildings are closed and nobody is there. The building is not the churchit is just a building. The church is the people. It is difficult for us to think in a context like that. When the Corinthian believers came together, the diverse or party spirit that we saw in chapter 1 was carried over into the Lord’s Supper. That division was there.

1 Corinthians 11:19

This helps to explain the cults and “isms” such as we have in Southern California. Why does God permit them? Let me give you an illustration. Have you ever noticed when a woman is cooking something and there is an accumulation on the top that she skims it off? Well, that is what God does. To tell the truth, I think the churches are filled with unbelievers today.

A large percentage of the people in the churches are not saved at all. They are just members of a church. The Lord skims them off. How does He do that? Well, they go off into the cults and the “isms.” That is what Paul is saying here: “There must be also heresies among you, that they which are approved may be made manifest among you.” Heresy comes along in these cults or “isms,” and a lot of people go out of the churches and flock to them. The Lord is skimming them off so that those who are genuine may be revealed.

1 Corinthians 11:20

The “this,” which is in italics in the Authorized Version, is not in the original. He is saying, “When ye come together into one place, it is not possible to eat the Lord’s Supper.” It is impossible for them to celebrate the Lord’s Supper because of the way that they conducted the feast which preceded it. Under such circumstances they couldn’t celebrate the Lord’s Supper.

1 Corinthians 11:21

What a comment that is! Some poor fellow would come to the dinner, and he couldn’t even bring a covered dish of scalloped potatoes. He was that poor. And he was hungry. Next to him would sit a rich fellow who had fried chicken and ice cream, and he wouldn’t pass one bit of food to the poor fellow who was hungry. The fellowship was broken. There could not be fellowship when there was a situation like that. And then there was something else.

1 Corinthians 11:22

If they were not going to share in true fellowship, they should have eaten at home. What they were doing was fracturing and rupturing the church. And some were actually getting drunk during this agape love feast. They were in no condition to remember the death of Christ at all. It would be all fuzzy and hazy to them. Paul says again, “Shall I praise you in this? I praise you not.”

1 Corinthians 11:23

THE REVELATION TO PAULSometimes people say they want to celebrate the Lord’s Supper exactly as the Lord didthen they have it at an eleven o’clock morning service. If you want to have it at the time the Lord had it, it must be at night. They went in at night to eat the Passover supper, and it was at that supper that the Lord instituted the Lord’s Supper. It was the very same night in which He was betrayed. At that supper He took bread.

1 Corinthians 11:24

Paul wasn’t present in the Upper Room. He got this as a direct revelation from the Lord. It was the night when the forces of hell met to destroy our Savior. I think the simplicity and the sublimity and the sanity of this supper is tremendous. Notice that it says, “when he had given thanks.” He gave thanks that night while the shadow of the Cross hung over the Upper Room. Sin was knocking at the door of the Upper Room, demanding its pound of flesh. And He gave thanks. He gave thanks to God. Then “he brake it.” There has always been a difference of opinion among believers on that. Do you break the bread, or do you serve it as it is? The Roman Catholics break it, the Lutherans do not, and most Protestant churches do not. In several churches in which I served, I instituted an evening communion because the Lord instituted the Lord’s Supper at night. I also tried something else. I asked the one who served the bread to the congregation to take a piece and break it before them. That spoke of the broken body of our Lord. The breaking of the bread also indicates that this is something that is to be shared. Bengal made this statement: “The very mention of the breaking involves distribution, and rebukes the Corinthian plan of every man his own.”

1 Corinthians 11:25

The bread speaks of His broken body; the cup speaks of the new covenant. Have you noticed that it is called the cup? (It is also called the fruit of the vine in some instances, but it is never called wine). Have I heard that argued! “Should we have fermented or unfermented wine for the Lord’s Supper?” That is baby talk to ask questions like that. My friend, we can know it was unfermented. This is Passover, the time of the Feast of Unleavened Bread. Do you think that they had unleavened bread and leavened grape juice (wine is leavened grape juice)?

The whole business was unleavenedit had to be at the Passover feast. But the interesting thing is that here Jesus calls it the cup. His body was the cup that held the blood. He was born to die and to shed that blood. Again and again the apostles remind us that we have forgiveness of sins because of the blood, that He has extended mercy to us because of the blood. He did not open the back door of heaven and slip us in under cover of darkness.

He brings us in the front door as sons because the penalty of sin was paid when the demands of a holy God were met. Let’s not forget that, my beloved, in this day when the notion is that God can shut His eyes to sin and do nothing about it. He has done something about it. This is the cup; it holds the blood of the New Covenant.

1 Corinthians 11:26

Paul here adds something new. In 1 Corinthians he is always opening up a door or raising a shade, letting us see something new. Here it is “till he come.” When we observe the Lord’s Supper, that table looks in three different directions. (1) It is a commemoration. He repeats, “This do …in remembrance of me.” This table looks back over nineteen hundred years to His death upon the Cross. He says, “Don’t forget that. It is important.” That is to the past. (2) This table is a communion (sometimes we call it a communion service).

It speaks of the present, of the fact that today there is a living Christ, my beloved. (3) It is a commitment. It looks to the futurethat He is coming again. This table won’t last forever; it is temporary. After the service it is removed, and we may not celebrate it again because we just do it until He comes. It speaks of an absent Lord who is coming back. It looks to the future. The Lord Jesus Christ took these frail elementsbread and grape juice, which will spoil in a few days, the weakest things in the worldand He raised a monument. It’s not of marble, bronze, silver, or gold; it is bread and juicethat’s all. But it speaks of Him, and it tells me that I am responsible for His death.

1 Corinthians 11:27

What does he mean to “discern” the Lord’s body? Looking back in church history you will find that the churches had a great problem in determining the meaning of this. What does it mean to discern the Lord’s body? The answer of the Roman Catholic church is that transubstantiation takes place, that when the priest officiates at the altar, the bread actually becomes the body of Christ, also that the juice actually becomes the blood of Christ. If this were true, to eat it would be cannibalism. (Thank the Lord, it does not change; it is still bread and juice). But they were wrestling with the problem.

How do you discern the Lord’s body in this? In the Lutheran church (Martin Luther didn’t want to come too far, as he had been a Roman Catholic priest), it is consubstantiation. That is, it is in, by, with, through, and under the bread that you get the body of Christ. It is not the body, but it is the body. You can figure that one outI can’t. Then Zwingli, the Swiss Reformation leader, came all the way.

He said it was just a symbol. And the average Protestant today thinks that is all it is, a symbol. I disagree with that explanation as much as I do with the other two. It is more than a symbol. Follow me now to the Emmaus road, and I think we shall find there recorded in Luke’s gospel, chapter 24, what it means to discern Christ’s body and His death. Two of Jesus’ disciples, two believers, are walking home after having witnessed the terrible Crucifixion in Jerusalem and the events that followed it. Are they down in the dumps! As they walk along discussing these things, our resurrected Lord joins them and asks what they are talking about that makes them so sad. Thinking Him to be a stranger, they tell Him about Jesus’ being condemned to death and crucified and about the report of the women who went to the tomb. “And certain of them which were with us went to the sepulchre, and found it even so as the women had said: but him they saw not. Then he [Christ] said unto them, O fools, and slow of heart to believe all that the prophets have spoken: Ought not Christ to have suffered these things, and to enter into his glory? And beginning at Moses and all the prophets, he expounded unto them in all the scriptures the things concerning himself. And they drew nigh unto the village, whither they went: and he made as though he would have gone further.” He acted as if He were going through the town without stopping. “But they constrained him, saying, Abide with us: for it is toward evening, and the day is far spent.” It was dangerous to walk those highways at night. “And he went in to tarry with them. And it came to pass, as he sat at meat with them….” A few days before He had eaten the Passover with His own, now these are two other disciples, and here is the first time after His resurrection He is observing the Lord’s Supper. “And it came to pass, as he sat at meat with them, he took bread, and blessed it, and brake, and gave to them.” Wasn’t that wonderful to have Him present for the meal! In the meal He takes the bread, He breaks it, He blesses it, He gives it to them. “And their eyes were opened, and they knew him; and he vanished out of their sight. And they said one to another, Did not our heart burn within us …” (Luk_24:24-32). He had a meal with them. Then what did He do? He revealed Himself. That was the Lord’s Supper. Oh, friend, when you observe the Lord’s Supper, He is present. Yes, He is! This is not just a symbol. It means you must discern the body of Christ. You have bread in your mouth, but you have Christ in your heart. May God help us to so come to the table that Jesus Christ will be a reality to us. God forgive us for making it a dead, formal ritual!

1 Corinthians 11:30

They suffered sickness and death. Why? Because they had participated in the Lord’s Supper unworthilythat is, in an unworthy manner.

1 Corinthians 11:31

This is talking about believers. We can judge ourselves when we are wrong. If we don’t, He will judge us. When we are judged of the Lord, we are chastened so that we shall not be condemned with the world. He is going to judge the world in the future. Therefore He has to deal with His own now.

1 Corinthians 11:33

There were other things wrong in the Corinthian church, but Paul is not going to write about them now. He says that he will straighten out those things when he gets there.