γραπτός, -7, -dv, written: Ro. ii.15. [Gorg. apol. Palam. p- 190 sub fin. ; Sept.; al.]

γραπτός graptos 1x

written, Rom. 2:15*

γραπτός, -ή, -όν

(< γράφω), [in LXX for מִכְתָּב ;]

painted.

written: Ro 2:15.†

γραπτός AV, RV): cf. Deut 20°, where the word again denotes subordinate military officials, presumably those who kept the register of the army (Driver ad@/.). Deissmann (B.S, p. 110 ff.) has shown how readily this technical usage of the word would be adopted by the Alexandrian translators in view of the practice of Igyptian Greek. Thus in P Par 6315 (p.c. 165) we hear of a certain Kumelus τοῦ γραμματέως τῶν μαχίμων, ‘the registrar of the μάχιμοι" (Mahaffy, P Petr III. p. 31), and in P Lond 23% (B.c. 158-7) (=I. p. 41) of a γραμματέα τῶν δ[υ]ναμέων. See also Archiv iv. p. 33f. for the office of γραμματεὺς τῶν κατοίκων ἱππέων. The word is very common to denote the official who had to supply returns to the central authority on the number of inhabitants in a village, on their holdings in land, etc. In Sy// 7907! (i/B.C.) τὸν γραμματέα τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ τὸν προφήτην we have an example of the word used with reference to a religious office; cf. lines 32, 46, and J/agu 197 (time of Caracalla) ot ἀρχιερεῖς καὶ γραμματεῖς ἀνέστηϊσαν (see Nageli, p. 35). In P Petr III. 59 (6) we have a census for poll-tax, where in some community numbering 2108 ἱερεῖς and 10 tepoypappareis. the large and varied use of males there are exempted 92 It is unnecessary to illustrate yp. to denote public officials, and especially town clerks; e.g. P Lond 1159! (A.D. 145-7) (=III. p. 112) παρὰ γραμματέων I1ddews (sc. Hermopolis) αἰτούμενοι ὑπὸ σοῦ-these officials proceed to furnish a return of well-to-do citizens on the ‘‘liturgy”’ list. The importance of the office at Ephesus, to which Ac 1935 points, is now abundantly confirmed by the inscrr.: cf. e.g. OG/S 493 (Ephesus— ii/a.p.) Aotktos . . . ἀποδεδειγμένος γραμματεὺς τοῦ] δήμου, also “4, and for a similar use of the verb 74. 4804 (A.D. 104), 5101 (A.D. 138-61) γραμματεύοντος Τ]οπλίου Οὐηδίου ᾿Αντ(ω)νείνου ἀσιάρχου : see further Hicks Greek Inserr. tn the Brit. Museum iii. p. 154, Ramsay ΔΖ. Pazt/, pp: 281, 305, and art. “ Ephesus” in Hastings’ D.A. i. Ῥ 723. It may be added that the word had as large a range as cur “clerk” or secretary.”’ Thus P Giss I. 45* (Hadrian’s reign) εἰ] Sox[e]}t, πέμψον ἐνθάδε ἢ τὸν [κω]μογραμματέα ἢ γραμματέα [at]ro[t, ‘“‘the clerk of the village council, or his clerk”: BGU IV. 1096% (i/ii a.p.) ἐπεὶ Σαραπίων[α] ἔσχον γραμματέα, ὃν πρότερον εἶχον, ὑπὲρ οὗ [κ]αὶ ἄλλοτέ σοι ἔγραψα -- ἀπ official writes to a subordinate to hand over papers to his newly engaged secretary, whom he had employed previously, and not to have dealings with his successor. A new astrological fragment, in PSI III. 1588? (?ili/A.D.), tells us that there are secretaries and secretaries, the planets differentiating them—éav δὲ ὁ τοῦ Κρόνου συνπροσγένηται τῷ τοῦ ‘Eppoi, αὐτὸς [μὲν ὁ τοῦ Κρόνου προάγων ποιεῖ γραμματεῖς αὐστηροὺς [καὶ]; δικογράφους ἢ δικολόγους ἤτοι τούτων παραπλ[η]σίους!. €jav δὲ 6 τοῦ “Eppod αὐτὸς προάγῃ τοῦ Κρόνου, γ[ωἸχελεῖς δυσπράtou[s ἀ]τυχεῖς ἐν τοῖς πράγμασι. Another configuration (1. 5) γραμματεῖς μεγάλους ποιεῖ καὶ κριτηρίων ἄρχοντας. "2 ce γραπτός. ; In P Oxy II. 2928 (a letter of commendation—c. A.D. 25) (= Selections, p. 37) ἠρώτησα δὲ καὶ Ἕρμί[α]Ἱν τὸν ἀδελφὸν διὰ γραπτοῦ ἀνηγεῖ[σθα(] σοι περὶ τούτου, διὰ γραπτοῦ is clearly ‘‘in writing” as distinguished from ‘*by word of mouth ;”’ and that the same meaning is to be given to the phrase in P Oxy II. 293° (A.D. 27) οὔτε διὰ γραπτοῦ οὔτε , 2 γράφω διὰ σημέου (1. σημείου), “neither by letter nor by message” (Edd.), is convincingly shown by Wilcken (47ch7z iv. p- 259f.) as against Preisigke’s contention that the contrast there is between ordinary and stenographic writing (A47ch. Δ Stenographte N¥. 1. p. 305 ff.). See also Aristeas 56 ὅσα Sav ἡ ἄγραφα... ὅσα δὲ διὰ γραπτῶν. For the word cf. further P Petr III. 21 (9)538 (time of Euergetes I.) γραπτὸν λόγον, and P Amh IT. 7817 (A.p. 184) ἀσφάλιαν γ[ρ]απτήν, “* written security.” We often find the compound ἔγγραπτος used as antithesis to &ypados. In MGr τὸ γραφτό, like τὸ γραμμένο, makes a phrase for “destiny.” » That the word included ‘‘ drawing” is shown by the combination εἰκὼν γραπτή, as in OG/S 5714 (Lycia—Roman) εἰκόνι γραπτῇ émixpvow, where Dittenberger gives numerous parallels, and refers it to a gilded shell with a painting of the receiver upon it.

γραπτός (graptos) — written. γραπτ-ός, ή, όν, painted, ζῷα [Refs 5th c.BC+], paintings, opposed to γλυπτά, [Refs 1st c.BC+]

2. marked as with letters, ἁ γραπτὰ ὑάκινθος [Refs 3rd c.BC+]

II. written, νόμοι γ. [Refs 5th c.BC+], rescripts, proclamations, [LXX]; legal documents, bonds, [Refs 4th c.AD+]