ἔμφυτος emphytos 1x

implanted, ingrafted, infixed, Jas. 1:21*

** ἔμ-φυτος, -ον

(< ἐμφύω, to implant), [in LXX: ἔ. ἡ κακία αὐτῶν, Wi 12:10 * ;]

innate (Wi 12:10).

rooted, implanted: Ja 1:21 (v. Mayor, in l).†

ἔμφυτος. The meaning of ‘‘inborn,’’ ‘‘natural,’” which Hort advocates for Jas 1°, as distinguished from ‘‘ implanted ” from without, is supported by BGU II. 613'°(time of Anton. Pius) κ]ατὰ τὴν ἔμφυτόν cov εὐμένειαν, ‘in accordance with your natural kindness”: cf. P Oxy VI. 899!9(A.D. 200) διὰ τὴν ἔμφυτόν σου εὐεργεσίαν, CP Herm I. 52 - 17 (iii/A.D.) κατὰ τὴν ἔμφυτον αὐτοῦ πρὸς το[ὺς ὑπ͵]ηκόους φιλανθρωπίαν, Cagnat ΤΥ. 1447 (Cyzicus, i/a.D.) τῆι δὲ ἐμφύτωι φιλανθρωπίᾳ πρός τε τοὺς ἐνχωρίους καὶ τοὺς ξένους ἐχρήσατο, Sy// 32615 (i/a.D.) τῶν δὲ Σκυθᾶν τὰν ἔμφυτον [αὐϊτοῖς ἀθεσίαν ἐκφανῆ καταστασάντων. The late Ρ Hamb I. 235 (a.p. 569) ἀμπελικὸν χωρίον ἔμφυτον may be compared with P Giss I. 567 (vi/A.pD.) χωρίον ἀμπελικὸν ζωόφ[υ]τίον, where the editor (see Intr. p. 96 n.1) understands ζωόφυτον as={édutov ‘‘pflanzenernahrend,” ‘‘fruchtbar.’’ For the verb = “‘graft,’”” see Sy/7 531° (iii/a.p.) ἐὰν δὲ μὴ eupute ine] τὰ φυτά, ἀποτεισάτω ἑκάστου δραχμήν : cf. “ἢ συκᾶς [ἐμφυ]τί εύειν. ἐν. It is impossible in our limits to deal exhaustively with the extended uses in late Greek of this ‘‘maid-of-all-work ” among the prepositions. Most of these uses, so far as they touch upon points of interpretation in the NT, are referred to in Moulton’s Prolegomena (see Index s.v.), and the evidence there adduced from the Kowwy may be supplemented from the Dissertations by Kuhring and Rossberg (for full titles see ‘‘ Abbreviations”). As however these Dissertations are not readily accessible, it may be well with their aid to illustrate the developments of ἐν here, as far as our space permits. We may begin with its encroachment in Hellenistic upon the use of the simple cases. Thus P Par 63 *#i-3 (p.c, 165) ἐνεσχημένους ἔν τισιν ἀγνοήμασιν may be compared with the Pauline Gal 5! μὴ πάλιν ζυγῷ δουλείας ἐνέχεσθε, and in 1111} . πλέον τῆς ὑποστάσεώς μου ἐν ὅλῃ ἀρούρῃ μιᾷ καὶ πρὸς κατ᾽ ἔτος, ‘registered more than my actual substance by one whole aroura and more each year,” ἐν is added without materially altering the sense. For this ‘‘ usurping” ἐν Kuhring (p. 12) also quotes P Oxy III. 48717 (A.D. 156) τὰ ἐκκ (/. ἐκ) τῆς xplas ἐν end ὀφλήματα ἀποδοῦναι, “‘officia mea efficere.” In OG/S 567 (B.C. 237) ἐν τῶι ἐν Κανώπωι ἱερῶι, the prePart III. 209 2y positional phrase represents subj. gen., and in P Petr II. 2 (3)! (B.c. 260) (= 2d. III. 28 (c)!) εἰ ἔρρωσαι καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἄϊλλοις ἀλύπως ἀπαλλάσσεις, it takes the place of the acc. of respect, if the restoration is to be trusted. On ἐν used in the LXX instead of an acc. after αἱρετίζω, εὐδοκῶ, etc., sce Thackeray Οὐ. i. p. 47. The question to the oracle P Fay 1373 (i/a.D.) (= Se/ectious, p. 69) χρημάτισόν pot, ἢ μείνω. ἐν Βακχιάδι ; *« Answer me, Shall I remain in Bacchias?” may serve to illustrate the ordinary /oca/ use of ἐν, within the limits of some space, while the closely related idea of proximity is seen in P Tebt I. 60% (B.c. 118) παραδεί(σων) τῶν ἐν περιμέτρῳ τῆς κώ(μης). Interesting confirmation of the RV rendering of Lk 249 is afforded by P Oxy III. 5235 (ii/A.b.) where a certain Antonius invites a friend to dine with him ἐν τοῖς KnAav8((ov) Σαραπίω(νος), ‘in the house of Claudius Serapion”’: cf. Rey L***‘ii.1 (jii/B.c.) ἐν tots ᾿Απολλωνίου τοῦ διοικητοῦ, P Tebt I. 12° (B.c. 118) ἐν τοῖς “Apevvews, “in A.’s office,” and 2b. 2727 (B.c. 113) ἐν τῶι “Opf[ov] βασιλικοῦ γραμματέως. For ἐν denoting condition, state, we may cite Polycrates’ letter to his father P Petr II. 11 (τὴ8 (iii/B.c.) ypade . . ἵνα εἰδῶμεν ἐν οἷς el, and such passages as P Par 63178 (B.C. 164) (=P Petr III. p. 34) ἕτερός τις ἐμ. βαρυ[τέϊραι κείμενος ἐξουσίαι, ‘“any other persons in high office,” P Tebt I. 334 (B.C. 112) (= Selections, p. 30) ἐν μίζονι ἀξιώματι κα[ὶ] τιμῆι κείμενος, of a Roman senator, 7d. 5%7 (B.c. 118) τὴν ἐν ἀφέσει γῆν, 18 τὴν ἐν ἀρετῆι κειμένην βα(σιλικὴν) γῆν. See also P Petr II. 39(¢)!® ἐὰν ἐν δυνατῶι ἧι. The preposition is used with the verb ἀνδραγαθέω to denote perseverance in a certain course of action in BGU IV. 1205'* (B.c. 28) ἀνδραγάθι (= -- εἰ) ἐν τῆι ἀριθμήστι] καὶ ἐν [τ]ῆι εἰσαγωγῆι, and similarly 24, 12061. P Tebt I. 58 (B.c. 111) shows ἐν = ‘Sin the number οἵ" ἐν ols εἰσιν of διὰ τοῦ νομοῦ κω(μο)γρ(αμματεῖς) : cf. P Par 63 (B.c. 164) (= P Petr III. p. 26) ἐν τοῖς ““συμπᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις" καταριθμεῖσθαι κτλ., “in the expression ‘all men’ are included,” etc., and P Petr II. 4 (6)!® (8.6. 255-4) Swov γάρ ἐστιν ἐν ὄχλωι ἀτιμάζεσθαι, where the meaning is ‘‘in the presence of’’—‘‘for it is a dreadful thing to be insulted before a crowd.” JTrom this it is a natural transition to a usage which helps with several NT passages. Thus in P Tebt I. 5257 (B.c. 118) we have τὰς δὲ πράξεις τῶν ἐν αὐτοῖς, where the editors translate “but the executions in cases which come before the collectors,’’ and in support of this rendering compare 74. 27°° (B.C. 113) TO ἐν αὐτῶι ὀφειλόμενον πρὸς τὴν ἐπιγραφήν, “the amount owing to the epigraphe in his department,” 7b. 72382 (B.C. 114-3) ἂς (sc. ἀρούρας) ἐν Mappet τοπογραμματεῖ, 25. 120%" (B.c. 97 or 64): cf. τ Cor 6%, 14", perhaps Jude 1. All are cases where παρά c. dat. might equally have been expected in a classical writer: cf. the variant reading in Mt 2125. A good parallel to Ac 17% is afforded by γὼ 8508 (B.c. 173-2) κριθέντω ἐν ἄνδροις τρίοις ods συνείλοντο. Another abnormal use of ἐν = ‘‘amounting to,” as in Ac 714 (LXX), is seen in BGU III. 970" (ii/A.D.) mpoonvévkaμὲν αὐτῷ προοῖκα ἐν δραχμαῖς ἐννακοσίαις ---αο passage which also resembles, in its use with a numeral, the difficult ἐν (67s) of Mk 45 (ΝῊ). [Cannot the εἰς there be ‘‘at all rates up fo” thirty-fold?] Cf. also BGU IV. 10508 (marriage-

ἔμφυτος (emphutos) — implanted/ingrafted. ἔμφῠτος, ον, inborn, natural, ἔ. μαντικὴν εἶχε [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἡ μὲν [ἰδέα] ἔ. οὖσα, ἐπιθυμία ἡδονῶν [Refs 4th c.BC+]; αἰσχροκέρδεια, πονηρία, [LXX+4th c.BC+]; ἔ. ἡ ἀρετή, opposed to διδακτός, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐκ ἦν ταῦτα τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις πάτρια.. οὐδ᾽ ἔ. [Refs 4th c.BC+]. adverb -τως[Refs 1st c.AD+]

II. planted, Χωρίον [Refs 6th c.AD+]; ἐλαῖαι [Refs 2nd c.AD+]

II.2. implanted, λόγος [NT]