λέγω (in the N. T. only the pres. and impf. act. and pres. pass. are in use; 3 pers. plur. impf. ἔλεγαν, Jn. xi. 56 Tdf. [ef. ἔχω, init.]): I. in its earliest use in Hom. to lay (like Lat. lego, Germ. legen; οἵ. J. G. Miiller in Theol. Stud. u. Krit. for 1835, p. 127 sqq.; Curtius § 538) ; to cause to lie down, put to sleep; 1. to collect, gather; to pick out. 2. lo lay with, count with; to enumerate, recount, narrate, describe; [οἷ. Eng. tale, Germ. ztihlen). II. to put word to word in speaking, join words together, i. e. to say (how it differs fr. λαλεῖν, see under that word ad init.) ; once so by Hom. in 1]. 2, 222 [yet ef. Schmidt, Syn. i. ch. 1, §§ 20; 48, 2; L. and S. s. vy. B. II. 2]; often in Pind., and by far the most com. use in Attic; Sept. more than thirteen hundred times for 728; often also for D8} (saying, dictum); very rarely for 1393; and soin N.T. 1. univ. a. absol. to speak: Acts xiii. 15; xxiv. 10; to say, foll. by direct disc., Mt. ix. 34; xii. 44; xvi. 2 [here T br. WH reject the pass.]; Mk. iii. 30; Lk. v. 39 [WH br. the cl.]; Jn. i. 29, 38; [1 Co. xii. 3 LT Tr WH]; Jas. iv. 13, and very often; the direct discourse is preceded by ὅτι recitative, Mt. ix. 18 [T om. ὅτι]; Mk. i. 15 [Tom. WH br. déy.]; ii. 12 [L and WH br. Aéy.]; iii. 21 sq.; v. 28 ; vi. 14 sq. 35; vii. 20; Lk. i. 24; iv. 41; xvii. 10; Jn. vi. 14; vii. 12; viii. 33; ix. 9, 41; xvi. 17; Acts ii. 13; xi. 3; Heb. x. 8; Rev. iii. 17, ete.; foll. by ace. with inf., Lk. xi. 18; xxiv. 23; Jn. xii. 29; Acts iv. 32; xxviii. 6, etc.; foll. by ὅτι, Lk. xxii. 70; Jn. viii. 48; xviii. 37; 1 Tim. iv. 1, (for other exx. see 2 a. below); foll. by an indir. question, Mt. xxi. 27; MS αι 1335 Τὰς xc, 8: b. The N. T. writers, particularly the historical, are accustomed to add the verb λέγειν foll. by direct disc. to another verb which already contains the idea of speaking, or which states an opinion concerning some person or thing; as ro pndév... προφήτου λέγοντος, Mt. ii. 175; viii. 17; xii. 17; xiii. 35; κηρύσσων x. [L Τ WIlom. Trbr. καὶ] λέγων, Mt. iii. 2; κράζειν καὶ λέγειν, Mt. ix. 27; xxi. 15; Mk. x. 47; Lk. iv. 41 [here L T Tr mrg. κραυγάζειν]; Acts xiv. 15; προσφωνεῖν x. λέγειν, Mt. xi. 17; Lk. vii. 325; ἀπεκρίθη καὶ λέγει, Mk. vii. 28; αἰνεῖν τ. θεὸν x. λέγειν, Lk. ii. 13; γογγύζειν x. λέγειν, Jn. vi. 42. to verbs of speaking, judging, etc., and those which denote in general the nature or the substance of the discourse reported, the ptcp. λέγων is added (often so in Sept. for 7x? [W. 535 sq. (499), ef. 602 (560)]) foll. by direct disc. : ἀπεκρίθη λέγων, Mt. xxv. 9, 44 sq.; Mk. ix. 38 [T WH om. λέγων] ; Acts xv. 13; Rey. vii. 13, ete. (see ἀποκρίvopat, 1 c.); εἶπε X., Mk. [viii. 28 TWH Tr mre.]; xii. 26; Lk. xx. 2, (in Grk. writ. ἔφη λέγων); ἐλάλησε λέγων (see λαλῶ, 5); ἐμαρτύρησε, In. i. 32; κέκραγε X. ib. 15; ἐδίδασκε A. Mt. v. 2; [ἐβόησε or] ἀνεβόησε X., Mt. xxvii. 46; Lk. ix. 38; ἀνέκραξε X., Mk. i. 24; Lk. iv. 34 [T WH om. Tr br. Aéy.]; also after ddew, Rev. v. 9; xv. 3; αἴρειν [or ἐπαίρ.] φωνήν, Lk. xvii. 13; Acts xiv. 11; θαυpatew, Mt. viii. 27; ix. 33; xxi. 20; after προφητεύειν, Mt. xv. 7; γογγύζειν, Mt. xx. 12; εἶπεν ἐν παραβολαῖς, Mt. xxii. 1; παρέθηκε παραβολήν, Mt. xiii. 24; διεμαρτύpato, Heb. ii. 6; ἐπήγγελται, Heb. xii. 26, and a great many other exx. It is likewise added to verbs of every kind which denote an act conjoined with speech; as ἐφάνη, φαίνεται λέγων, Mt. i. 20; i113; προσεκύνει λέγων, Mt. viii. 2; 1χ. 18; xiv. 88; xv. 25; add, Mt. viii. 3; ix. 29; xiv. 15; Mk.v. 35; Lk.i.66; v. 8; viii. 38; x.17; xv. 9; xviii. 3; xix. 18; Acts viii. 10, 18 sq.; xii. 7; xxvii. 23 sq.; 1 Co. xi. 35, οἴο. On the other hand, the verb λέγω in its finite forms is added to the participles of other verbs: Mt. xxvii. 41; Mk. viii. 12; xiv. 45, 63, 67; xv. 35; Lk. vi. 20; Jn. i. 36; ix. 8; Acts ii. 13; Heb. viii. 8; ἀποκριθεὶς λέγει, Mk. viii. 29; ix. 5, 19; x 24,513 xi. 22, 33[L Tr mrg. br. T Tr WH om. dz.]; Lk. iii. 11; xi.45; xiii. 8, (nowhere so in Acts. nor in Mt. nor in Jn.); κράξας λέγει, Mk. v. 7 [Rec. εἶπε] ; ix. 24. ἔγραψε λέγων (VIN? JAD, 2 K. x. 6; 2 5. xi. 15, ete.), he wrote in these words, or he wrote these words [A. V. retains the idiom, he wrote saying (cf. e. below)]: Lk. i. 63; 1 Mace. viii. 31; xi. 57; Joseph. antt. 11, 2, 2; 13,4,1; exx. fr. the Syriac are given by Gesenius in Rosenmiiller’s Repertor. i. p. 135. ἔπεμψε or ἀπέστειλε λέγων, i. 6. he ordered it to be said by a messenger: Mt. xxii. 16; xxvii. 19; Lk. vii. 19sq.; xix. 14; Jn. xi. 3; Acts xiii. 15; xvi. 35, (see in εἶπον, 3 b.); otherwise in Mt. xxi. 37; Mk. xii. 6. c. ἡ φωνὴ λέγουσα: Mt. iii. 17; xvii. 5; Lk. iii. 22 [GL T Tr WHom. déy.]; Rev. vi. 6; x. 4,8; xii. 10; xiv. 13, ete. λέγειν φωνῇ μεγάλῃ, Rev. v. 12; viii. 13; ἐν φωνῇ p., ib. xiv. 7, 9, ἃ. In accordance with the Hebr. conception which regards thought as internal speech (see εἶπον, 5), we find λέγειν ἐν ἑαυτῷ, to say within one’s self, i. e. to think with one’s self: Mt. iii. 9; ix. 21; Lk. iii. 8; ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ, Rev. xviii. 7. e. One is said fo speak, λέγειν, not only when he uses language orally, but also when he expresses himself in writing [(cf. b. sub fin.)]: 2 Co. vii. 3; vili. 8; ix. 3,4; xi. 16, 21; Phil. iv.11, and often in Paul; so of the writers of the O. T.: Ro. x. 16, 20; xi. 9; xv. 12; λέγει ἡ γραφή, Ro. iv. 3; x.11; xi. 2; Jas. ii. 23, ete.; and simply λέγει, sc. λέγουσα, i. 6. ἡ γραφή (our i is said): Ro. χν. 10, [11 L Trmrg.]; Gal. iii. 16; Eph. iv. 8; v. 14; cf. W. 522 (486 sq.) and 588 (547); B. § 129, 16; λέγει, sc. ὁ θεός, 2 Co. vi. 2; λέγει Δαυὶδ ἐν ψαλμῷ, Acts xiii. 35; λέγει ὁ θεός, Heb. ν. 6; ἐν τῷ ‘Qané, Ro. ix. 25; ἐν Ἡλίᾳ, Ro. xi. 2; ἐν Δαυΐδ, Heb. iv. 7; λέγει τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον, Heb. iii. 7; ὁ νόμος λέγει, 1 Co. xiv. $4; ri, 1 Co. ix. 8; Ro. iii. 19: f. λέγειν is used of every variety of speaking: as of inquiry, Mt. ix. 14; xv.1; xvii. 25; xviii. 1; Mk. ii. 18; v. 30 sq.; Lk. iv. 22: vii. 20; Jn. vil. 11; ix. 10; xix. 10; Ro. x. 18 sq-; xi. 1, 11, ete.; foll. by εἰ interrog. [see εἰ, II. 2], Acts xxi. 37; λέγει τις, i 4. one bids the question be asked, Mk. xiv. 14; Lk. xxii. 11; of reply, Mt. xvii. 25; xx. 7; Mk. viii. 24 [Lmrg. εἶπεν] ; Jn. i. 21; xviii. 17; of acclaim, Reyv.iv. 8, 10; of exclamation, Rev. xviii. 10,16, of entreaty, Mt. xxv. 11; Lk. xiii. 25; i. q. to set forth in language, make plain, Heb. v. 11. g. λέγω w. ace. of the thing. 10 say a thing: 6, Lk. ix. 33 (i. 6. not knowing whether what he said was appropriate or not); Lk. xxii. 60; to express in words, Philem. 21 ; τοῦτο, Jn. vill. 6; xii. 33; τοιαῦτα, Heb. xi. 14; ταῦτα, Lk. viii. 8; xi. 27, 45; xiii. 17; Jn. v. 84; Acts xiv. 18; 1 Co. ix. 8; τάδε (.eferring to what follows), Acts xxi. 11; Rev. ii. 1, 8, 12, 18, ili. 1, 7,14; ri, what? Ro. x. 8; xi. 4; Gal. iv. 30; 1 Co. xiv. 16; πολλά, Jn. xvi. 12; τὰ λεγόμενα, Lk. xviii.34; Acts xxviii. 24: Heb. viii. 1; ὑπό twos, Acts viii. 6; xiii. 45 [LT Tr WH λαλουμένοις): Xxvii. 11; λέγω ἀλήθειαν, Jn. viii. 45 sq.; Ro. ix. 1; 1 Tim. ii. 7; ἀληθῆ, In. xix. 35; ἀνθρώπινον, Ro. vi. 19; σὺ λέγεις, sc. αὐτό, prop. thou sayest, i. 6. thou grantest what thou askest, equiv. to it is justas thou sayest ; to be sure, certainly, [see εἶπον, 1 c.]: Mt. xxvii. 11; Mk. xv. 2; Lk. xxiii. 3, cf. xxii. 70; Jn. xviii. 37, [(all these pass. WH mrg. punctuate interrogatively)]; παραβολήν, to put forth, Lk. xiv. 7; τὸ αὐτό, to profess one and the same thing, 1 Co. i. 10 ef. 12. h. with dat. of the pers. to whom anything is said: foll. by direct discourse, Mt. viii. 20; xiv. 4; xviii. 82; xix.10; Mk. ii. 17, 27; vii. 9; viii. 1; Jn. i. 43 (44), ii. 10, and scores of other exx. ; λέγειν τινί" κύριε, κύριε, to salute any one as lord, Mt. vii. 21; impv. λέγε μοι, Acts xxii. 27 (generally εἰπέ μοι, ἡμῖν) ; plur. Lk. x.9; ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν, I solemnly declare to you, (in the Gospels of Mt. Mk. and 1,Κ.}:; for which the Greek said ἐπ᾽ ἀληθείας λέγω ὑμῖν. Lk. iv. 25, and λέγω ὑμῖν ἀληθῶς, ib. ix. 27; in Jn. everywhere [twenty-five times, and always uttered by Christ] ἀμὴν ἀμὴν λέγω σοι (ὑμῖν), I most solemnly declare to thee (you), i. 51 (52); iii. 11, ete.; with the force of δὴ asseveration λέγω τινί, without ἀμήν: Mt. xi. 225 xii. 86; xxiii. 39; Lk. vii. 9,28; x. 12; xii.8; xvii. 84; XViii. 8,145 ναὶ λέγω ὑμῖν, Mt. xi.9; Lk. vii. 265 xi. 51; xii. 5; λέγω oot, Lk. xii. 59. with a dat. of the thing, in the sense of commanding (see 2 6. below), Mt. xxi. 19; Lk. xvii. 6; inthe sense of asking, imploring, Lk. xxiii. 30; Rev. vi-16. λέγω τινί τι, to tell a thing toone: Mt. x. 27; 2 Th. it. 5; τὴν ἀλήθειαν, Jn. xvi. 7; μυστήριον, 1 Co. xv. 51; παραβολήν, Lk. xviii. 1; of a promise, Rey. ii. 7, 11, 17, 29; iii. 6; i. q. lo unfold, explain, Mk. x. 32; foll. by indirect dise., Mt. xxi. 27; Mk. xi. 33; Lk. xx. 8; τινί τινα, to speak to one about one, Jn. viii. 27; Phil. iii. 18. i. λέγω foll. by prepositions: πρός twa, which denotes — either to one (equiv. to the dat.): foll. by direct disc., Mk. iv. 41; x. 26; Lk. Vill. 20+) 1χ. 255 KVL 1; oN. ie 8.) Lily 4: ἵν. Το νἱ- ὃ» viii. 31; Acts ii. 7 [Β ΟἹ, 13: xxviii. 4, 17; foll. by ὅτι recitative, Lk. iv. 21; πρός τινά τι, Lk. xi. ὅ8 RG L Tr mrg.; xxiv 10;—oras respects one, in reference to one [ οἵ. Β. § 133, 3; W.§ 31,5; 405 (378); Kriiger § 48, 7, 135 Bleek on Heb. i. 7: Meyer on Ro. x. 21]: Lk. xii. 41; Heb. i. 7, [4]. add 8, 13; vii. 21]; μετά twos, to speak with one, Jn. xi. 56, περί τινος, of, concerning, one [efi W. § 47, 4], Mt. xxi. 45; Jn. i. 47 (48); ii. 21; xi. 13; xiii. 18, 22; Heb. ix. 5; περί τινος, ὅτι, Lk. xxi. δ; τὶ περί τινος, Jn. i. 22; ix. 17; Acts viii. 34; Tit. 11. 8 ; τινὶ περί τινος, Mt. xi. 7, Mk. i. 80; viii. 30 [Lehm. εἴπωσιν] ; πρός twa περί twos, Lk. vii. 24; ὑπέρ τινος, to speak for, on behalf of, one, to defend one, Acts xxvi. 1 [L T Tr WH mrg. περί]: ἐπί twa, to speak in reference to, of [see ἐπί, C. 1. 2 g. yy.; B. § 147, 23], one, Heb. vii. 13; eis τινα (τὶ βλασφημῶν), against one, Lk. xxii. 65; in speaking to have reference to one, speak with respect to one, Acts ii. 25 [ef. W. 397 (371)]; in speaking to refer (athing) to one, with regard to, Eph. v. 32; εἰς τὸν κόσμον, to the world (see εἰς, A. I. 5 b.), Jn. viii. 26 [1 T Tr WH λαλῶ]. k. with adverbs, or with phrases having adverbial force: καλῶς, rightly, In. vili.48; xili.13; ὡσαύτως, Mk. xiv. 31; τὶ κατὰ συγγνώμην, ἐπιταγήν, by way of advice [concession (see συγγνώμη)], by way of command, 1 Co. vii. 6; 2 Co. viii. 8; κατὰ ἄνθρωπον [see ἄνθρωπος, 1c.], Ro. iii.5; Gal. iii. 15; 1 Co.ix.8; Λυκαονιστί, Acts xiv. 11. In conformity with the several contexts where it is used, λέγω, like the Lat. dico, is 2. specifically a. i. 4. to asseverate, affirm, aver, maintain: foll. by an ace. with inf., Mt. xxii. 23; Mk. xii.18; Lk. xx. 413 xxiii. 2; xxiv. 23; Acts v. 36; viii. 9; xvii. 7; xxviii. 6; Ro. xv. 8; 2 Tim. ii. 18; Rev. ii. 9; iii. 9; with the included idea of insisting on, περιτέμνεσθαι (that you must be [ef. W. § 44,3 b.; B.§ 141, 2]), Acts xv. 24 Rec.; with the simple inf. without a subject-ace., Lk. xxiv. 23; Jas. ii. 14; 1 Jn.ii. 6,9; foll. by ὅτε (where the ace. with inf. might have been used), Mt. xvii. 10; Mk. ix. 11; xii, 35; Lk. ix. 7; Jn. iv. 20; xii. 84; 1 Co. xy. 12; λέγω τινὶ ὅτι ete. to declare to one that ete. [ef. B. § 141,1]: Mt.iii.9; v. 20,22; xii. 36; xiii.17; xvii. 12; xxi. 43 [WH mrg. om. ὅτε]: xxvi. 21; Mk. ix.13; xiv. 18 25,80; Lk. iii. 8; x.12; xiii. 35 [Tr WH om. Lbr. ὅτι]; xiv. 24; xviii. 8; xix. 26, 40 [WH txt. om. Tr br. ὅτε] ; xxi. 3; xxii. 16, 37, ete.; Jn. iii. 11; v. 34 54. ; viii. 34; x. 7 [Tr WHom. L br. ὅτι]; xvi. 20; Gal. v. 2; λέγω τινά, ὅτι, by familiar attraction [cf. W. § 66, 5a.; B. § 151, 1] for λέγω, ὅτι τις : Jn. viii. 54; ix.19; x. 36 (where for ὑμεῖς λέγετε, ὅτι οὗτος, ὃν . . . ἀπέστειλε, Baσφημεῖ; the indirect discourse passes into the direct, and βλασφημεῖς is put for βλασφημεῖ [Β. § 141, 1)). b. 1. q. to teach: with dat. of pers. foll. by direct dise., 1 Co. vii. 8,12; ri τινι, Jn. xvi. 12; Acts i. 3; τοῦτο foll. by ὅτι, 1 Th. iv. 15. c. to exhort, advise; to command, direct: with an acc. of the thing, Lk. vi. 46; λέγουσι (se. αὐτά) x. ov ποιοῦσιν, Mt. xxiii. 3; τί τινι, Mk. xiii. 37; Jn. ii. 5; τινί foll. by an imperative, Mt. v. 44; Mk. ii. 11; Lk. vii. 14; xi. 9; xii.4; xvi.9; Jn.11.8; xiii. 29; 1 Co. vii. 12; λέγω with an inf. of the thing to be done or to be avoided [cf. W. § 44,3 b.; B. § 141, 2]: Mt. v. 34, 39; Acts xxi. 4, 21; Ro. ii. 22; xii. 3; foll. by ἵνα, Acts xix. 4; περί twos (gen. of the thing) foll. by iva, 1 Jn. v. 16, (see ἵνα, 11. 2 b.); foll. by μή with subjune. 2 Co. xi. 16. in the sense of asking, seeking, entreating : with dat. of pers. foll. by an impv., 1 Co. x. 15; 2 Co. vi. 13; foll. by an inf. [W. 316 (296 sq.); B.u.s.], Rev. x. 9 [Rec. impv.]. χαίρειν τινὶ λέγω, to give one a greeting, bid him welcome, salute him, 2 Jn. 10 sq. (see χαίρω, fin.). ἃ. to point out with words, intend, mean, mean to say, (often so in Grk. writ.; cf. Passow s. v. p. 308; [L. and 5. 5. v. C. 107) : τινά, Mk. xiv. 71; Jn. vi. 71; ti, 1 Co. x. 29; τοῦτο foll. by direct disc., Gal. iii. 17; τοῦτο foll. by ὅτι, 1 Co. i. 12. e. to call by a name, to call, name; i. ἃ. καλῶ twa with ace. of pred.: ri pe λέγεις ἀγαθόν; Mk. x.18; Lk. xviii. 19; add, Mk. xii. 37; Jn.v. 18; xv.15; Acts x. 28; [1 Co. xii. 3 RG]; Rev. ii. 20; pass. with predicate nom.: Mt. xiii. 55; 1 Co. viii. 5; Eph. ii. 11; 2 Th. ii. 4; Heb. xi. 24; ὁ λεγόμενος, with pred. nom. he that is surnamed, Mt. i. 16 (so xxvii. 17) ; x. 2; Jn. xx. 24; Col. iv. 11; he that is named: Mt. ix. 9; xxvi. 3, 14; xxvii. 16; Mk.xv.7; Lk. xxii. 47; Jn. ix. 11; cf. Fritzsche on Mt. p. 31 sq.; of things, places, Cities, etc.: τὸ ὄνομα λέγεται, Rev. viii. 11; ptep. called, Mt. ii. 23; xxvi. 36; xxvii. 33; Jn. iv. 5; xi. 54; xix. 13; Acts iii. 2; vi. 9; Heb. ix.3; with €8paiori added, Jn. xix. 13,17; [cf.v. 2 Tdf.]; applied to foreign words translated into Greek, in the sense that is: Mt. xxvii. 33; Jn.iv. 25; xi. 16; xxi. 2; also λέγεται, Jn. xx. 16; ὃ λέγεται ἑρμηνευόμενον [L TrWH μεθερμ. 1. Jn. i. 38 (39); διερμην. λέγεται, Acts ix. 36. f. to speak out, speak of, mention: τί, Eph. v.12 (with which cf ὀκνῶ καὶ λέγειν, Plat. rep. 5 p. 465 c.); [Mk. vii. 36 T Trtxt. WH. On the apparent ellipsis of λέγω in 2 Co. ix. 6, ef. W. 596 sq. (555) ; B. 394 (338). Comp. : ἀντι-, δια- (-par), ἐκ-, ἐπι-, kata-, παρα- (-pat), mpo-, συλ-λέγω; cf. the catalogue of comp. in Schmidt, Syn. ch. 1, 60.]

λέγω legō 2x

to lay, to arrange, to gather; to say, Mt. 1:20; to speak, make an address or speech, Acts 26:1; to say mentally, in thought, Mt. 3:9; Lk. 3:8; to say in written language, Mk. 15:28; Lk. 1:63; Jn. 19:37; to say, as distinguished from acting, Mt. 23:3; to mention, speak of, Mk. 14:71; Lk. 9:31; Jn. 8:27; to tell, declare, narrate, Mt. 21:27; Mk. 10:32; to express, Heb. 5:11; to put forth, propound, Lk. 5:36; 13:6; Jn. 16:29; to mean, to intend to signify, 1 Cor. 1:12; 10:29; to say, declare, affirm, maintain, Mt. 3:9; 5:18; Mk. 12:18; Acts 17:7; 26:22; 1 Cor. 1:10; to enjoin, Acts 15:24; 21:21; Rom. 2:22; to term, designate, cull, Mt. 19:17; Mk. 12:37; Lk. 20:37; 23:2; 1 Cor. 8:5; to call by a name, Mt. 2:23; pass. to be further named, to be surnamed, Mt. 1:16; to be explained, interpreted, Jn. 4:25; 20:16, 24; in NT σὺ λέγεις, you say, a form of affirmative answer to a question Mt. 27:11; Mk. 15:2; Jn. 18:37

λέγω,

[in LXX very freq., chiefly for אמר; λέγει for נְאֻם, Ge 22:16, al.;]

in Hom., to pick out, gather, reckon, recount.

In Hdt. and Att., to say, speak, affirm, declare: absol., Ac 13:15 24:10; seq. orat. dir., Mt 9:34, Mk 3:11, Jo 1:29, al.; seq. ὅτι recit., Mk 3:21, Lk 1:24, Jo 6:14, al.; acc. et. inf., Lk 11:18, Jo 12:29, al.; after another verb of speaking, προσφωνεῖν κ. λέγειν, Mt 11:17, al.; ἀπεκρίθη (ἐλάλησεν) λέγων (καὶ λέγει; Dalman, Words, 24 ff.), Mt 25:9, Mk 3:33, 7:28, Lk 24:6, 7, al.; of unspoken thought, λ. ἐν ἑαυτῷ, Mt 3:9, Lk 3:8, al.; of writing, II Co 8:8, Phl 4:11, al.; λέγει ἡ γραφή, Ro 4:3, Ja 2:23, al.; c. acc. rei, Lk 8:8 9:33, Jo 5:34, al.; σὺ λέγεις (a non-committal phrase; Swete, Mk., 359, 369 f.), Mt 27:11, Mk 15:2, Lk 23:3, Jo 18:37; c. dat. pers., seq. orat. dir., Mt 8:20, Mk 2:17, al. mult.; id. seq. ὅτι, Mt 3:9, al.; c. prep., πρός, μετά, περί, etc., Mk 4:41, Jo 11:56, He 9:5, al.; to mean (cl.), Mk 14:71, Jo 6:71, I Co 10:29, al.; to call, name, Mk 10:18; pass., Mt 9:9, Mk 15:7, al (cf. ἀντι-, δια- (-μαι), προ-, συλ-λέγω).

SYN.: λαλέω, which refers to the utterance, as λέγω to the meaning of what is said, its correspondence with thought (Tr., Syn., Ixxvi; Thayer, s.v. λαλέω).

In dealing with synonyms of the N. T. we plainly need not concern ourselves with such earlier, or even contemporary, uses of the words which we are discriminating, as lie altogether outside of the N. T. sphere, when these uses do not illustrate, and have not affected, their Scriptural employment. It follows from this that all those contemptuous uses of λαλεῖν as to talk at random, as one ἀθυρόστομος, or with no door to his lips, might do; of λαλιά, as chatter («Kpacia λόγου ἄλογος, Plato, Defin. 416)—for I cannot believe that we are to find this at John iv. 42—may be dismissed and set aside. The antithesis in the line of Eupolis (Meineke, /ragm. Com. Gr. p. 174), Λαλεῖν ἄριστος, ἀδυνατώτατος λέγειν, does little or nothing to illustrate the matter in hand. The distinction which indeed exists between the words may in this way be made clear. There are two leading aspects under which speech may be regarded. It may, first, 268 SYNONYMS OF THE NEW TESTAMENT §.xxvi be contemplated as the articulate utterance of human lancuage, in contrast with the absence of this, from whatever cause springing ; whether from choice, as in those who hold their peace, when they might speak; or from the present undeveloped condition of the organs and faculties, as in the case of infants (νήπιοι) ; or from natural defects, as in the case of those born dumb; or from the fact of speech lying beyond the sphere of the faculties with which as creatures they have been endowed, as in the lower animals. This is one aspect of speech, namely articulated words, as contrasted with silence, with mere sounds or animal cries. But, secondly, speech (‘oratio’ or ‘oris ratio’) may be regarded as the orderly linking and knitting together in connected discourse of the inward thoughts and feelings of the mind, ‘ verba legere et lecta ac selecta apte conglutinare’ (Valcknaer ; cf. Donaldson, Cratylus, 453). The first is λαλεῖνξε 134, the German ‘lallen,’ ‘loqui,’ ‘ sprechen,’ ‘ to speak’; the second =x, ‘dicere,’ ‘reden,’ ‘to say,’ ‘to discourse. Ammonius: λαλεῖν καὶ λέγειν διαφέρει" λέγειν μὲν τὸ τεταγμένως προσφέρειν τὸν λόγον" λαλεῖν δὲ, τὸ ἀτάκτως ἐκφέρειν τὰ ὑποπίπτοντα ῥήματα. Thus the dumb man (ἄλαλος, Mark, vii. 87), restored to human speech, ἐλάλησε (Matt. ix. 83; Luke, ix. 14), the Evangelists fitly using this word, for they are not concerned to report what the man said, but only the fact that he who before was dumb, was now able to employ his organs of speech, So too, it is always λαλεῖν γλώσσαις (Mark xvi. 17; Acts 1]. 4; 1 Cor. xii. 30), for it is not what those in an ecstatic condition utter, but the fact of this new utterance itself, and quite irrespective of the matter of it, to which the sacred narrators would call our attention; even as λαλεῖν may be ascribed to God Himself (it is so more than once in the Epistle to the Hebrews, as at i. 1, 2), where the point is rather that He should have spoken at all to men than what it was that He spoke. But if in λαλεῖν (=‘ loqui’) the fact of uttering articulated speech is the prominent notion, in λέγειν (=< dicere’) it is the ΦΧ SYWONYMS OF THE NEW TESTAMENT 269 words uttered, and that these correspond to reasonable thoughts within the breast of the utterer. Thus while the parrot or talking automaton (Rev. xiii. 15) may be said, though even they not without a certain impropriety, λαλεῖν, seeing they produce sounds imitative of human speech ; and in poetry, though by a still stronger figure, a λαλεῖν may be ascribed to grasshoppers (Theocritus, /dyl. v. 34), and to pipes and flutes (Idyl. xx. 28, 29) ; yet inasmuch as there is nothing behind these sounds, they could never be said λέγειν : for in the λέγειν lies ever the ἔννοια, or thought of the mind (Heb. iv. 12), as the correlative to the words on the lips, and as the necessary condition of them ; it is colligere verba in sententiam’ ; even as λόγος is by Aristotle defined (Poét. 20), φωνὴ συνθετὴ, σημαντικὴ (see Malan, Notes on the Gospel of St. John, p. 8). Of φράζειν in like manner (it only occurs twice in the N. T., Matt. xiii. 86; xv. 15), Plutarch affirms that 2 could not, but λαλεῖν could, be predicated of monkeys and dogs (λαλοῦσι yap, od φράζουσι δέ, De Plac. Phat. vy. 20). Often as the words occur together, in such phrases as ἐλάλησε λέγων (Mark vi. 50; Luke xxiv. 6), λαληθεὶς λόγος (Heb. ii. 2), and the like, each remains true to its own meaning, as just laid down. ‘Thus in the first of these passages ἐλάλησε will express the opening of the mouth to speak, as opposed to the remaining silent (Acts xviii. 9); while λέγων proceeds to declare what the speaker actually said. Nor is there, I believe, any passage in the N. T. where the distinction between them has not been observed. Thus at Rom. xv. 18; 2 Cor. xi. 17; 1 Thess. i. 8, there is no difficulty in giving to λαλεῖν its proper meaning; indeed all these passages gain rather than lose when this is done ; while at Rom. ii. 19 there is an instructive interchange of the words. Λαλιά and λόγος in the N. T. are true to the distinction here traced. How completely λαλιά, no less than λαλεῖν, has put off every slighting sense, is abundantly evident from the fact that on one occasion our Lord claims λαλιά as well as λόγος for Himself: ‘Why do ye not understand my speech (λαλιάν) ? even because ye cannot hear my word ’’ (λόγον 270 SYNONYMS OF THE NEW TESTAMENT § Lxxvil John viii. 43). Λαλιά and λόγος are set in a certain antithesis to one another here, and in the seizing of the point of this must lie the right understanding of the verse. What the Lord intended by varying λαλιά and λόγος has been very differently understood. Some, as Augustine, though commenting on the passage, have omitted to notice the variation. Others, like Olshausen, have noticed, only to deny that it had any significance. Others again, admitting the significance, have failed to draw it rightly out. It is clear that, as the inability to understand his ‘ speech’ (AaAua) is traced up as a consequence to a refusing to hear his ‘ word’ (λόγος), this last, as the root and ground of the mischief, must be the deeper and anterior thing. ΤῸ hear his ‘ word’ can be nothing else than to give room to his truth in the heart. They who will not do this must fail to understand his ‘speech,’ the outward form and utterance which his ‘ word’ assumes. They that are of God hear God’s word, his ῥήματα as elsewhere (John iii. 384; viii. 47), his λαλιά as here, it is called ; } which they that are not of God do not and cannot hear. Melanchthon: ‘Qui veri sunt Dei filii et domestici non possunt paterne domts ignorare linguam.’

λέγω. (1). “‘I say, speak”: see e.g. P Par 47 {= Selections, Ῥ- 21 ff.), ¢. B.C. 153, which is addressed on the verso—mpds τοὺς τὴν ἀλήθεαν λέγοντες (—-as), P Fay 12378 (c. A.D. 100) γνώσομαι yap εἰ ἀληθῶς λέγι, “1 will find out whether he is speaking the truth,” P Ryl 11. 7615 (late li/A.D.) ἃ καὶ ἀναγνώσομαι λεγομένου τοῦ [π]ράγματος, “1 will read them when the case is argued” (Edd.), P Flor II. 1327 (A.D. 257) ἔλεζξ]αν πεποιηκέναι ταῦτα ἀγνοίᾳ, ‘they said they had done this in ignorance,” and the magical P Par 5741238 (iii/A.D.) (= Selectzons, p. 113) λόγος λεγόμενος ἐπὶ τῆς κεφαλῆς αὐτοῦ, ‘ invocation to be uttered over the head (of the possessed one).”” For the phrase τὸ αὐτὸ λέγειν, cf. I Cor 11°, Weiss (Meyer 15 ad 1) cites a sepulchral inscr. of husband and wife from Rhodes, /J/Ae 149 (ii/B.c.) ταὐτὰ λέγοντες ταὐτὰ φρονοῦντες ἤλθομεν τὰν ἀμέτρητον ὁδὸν εἰς ᾿Αἴδαν. (2). Closely associated is the meaning ‘‘ I speak of, mean,” as in P Fay 110° (a.p. 94) ὃ λέγεις ταμε[ῖἴ]ον, “‘the store-place you speak of,” P Oxy VI. 907!® (a.p. 276) λέγω δὴ τῇ Διδύμῃ, “1 mean Didyme.” (3). For the verb = “1 tell, command,” as in Mt 5%499, Rom 22%, cf. P Fay 109% (early i/A.D.) παρακληθεὶς τοὺς τρεῖς στατῆρες ods εἴρηκέ σοι Σέλευκος δῶναί μοι ἤδη δὸς Κλέωνι, ‘‘ please give to Cleon the three staters which Seleucus told you to give me”’ (Edd.), 2. 111° (A.D. 95-6) ἩἫἩρακλίδας ὁ [ὀν]ηλάτης τὼ aitiwpa περιεπύησε λέγον ὥτι (/. περιεποίησε λέγων ὅτι) σὺ εἴρηχας πεζῶι [τὰ x JuplSia ἐλάσαι, ““ Heraclidas the donkeydriver shifted the blame from himself, saying that you had told him to drive the pigs on foot” (Edd.). Noteworthy for Rev 215 αὐ. is the use of λέγει or τάδε λέγει as a formal and solemn phrase to introduce the edicts of Emperors and magistrates, e.g. Sy// 376) (A.D. 67) Αὐτοκράτωρ Καῖσαρ déye.—Nero’s speech at Corinth giving liberty to the Greeks, OGTS 584? (ii/A-D.) Τι(βέριος) Κλαύδιος 'LotvKos ἀνθύπατος λέγει, and the rescript of King Darius I. to a provincial governor in Asia Minor, A/agx 1154 (writing of Ist halfii/a.D.) Βασιλεὺς [βα]σιλέων Δαρεῖος ὁ Ὑστάσπεω Ταδάται δούλωι τάδε λέγε[ι]" πυνθάνομαί σε τῶν ἐμῶν ἐπιταγμάτων οὐ κατὰ πάντα πειθαρχεῖν κτλ. : see also Axf VIII. v. p. 286f. and Lafoscade De efzstults, pp. 63, 77. (4). The active= “1 call, name,’’ as in Mk τοῦδ, Phil 318 (cf. Kennedy G7’ ad /.), may be illustrated from P Par 445 (B.c. 163) (= Witkowski ®, p. 82) 4(= εἰ) ἕτερον θέλις λέγειν, λέγε, ἐγὼ yap ἐνύπνια ὁρῶ πονηρά, and from the usage of the Greek islands, where μὲ λέγει or λέγει με has the meaning ‘‘ he names me τ᾿ (see Hatzidakis #77/. p. 223). For the passive which is common in the NT in this sense (Mt 115, Jn 18, a7.) cf. BGU IV. 1117® (B.c. 13) ἐν τῇ EvSaipov[o]s [λε]γομένῃ ῥύμῃ, P Ryl IT. 133" (A.p. 33) ἐπιβαλὼν . . eis Td λεγόμενον TaopBedAclous ἔμβλημί(α), ‘making an attack upon the dam (Ὁ) called that of Taorbelles” (Edd.), 7. 137° (A.D. 34) πρὸς τῷ ἐποικίῳ Anvod λεγομένῳ, ‘near the farmstead called that of the Winepress”’ (Edd.), a7. For λέγων, λέγοντες, used without construction in the LXX, see Thackeray Gr. i. p. 23, and with Rev 224 ὡς λέγουσιν cf. MGr λένε, ‘‘they say” (Thumb Handbook, p- 180). As usual the intervocalic y is commonly omitted in the MGr λέω, λέεις or λές, λέει κτλ. : see Thumb Zz. Ρ- 177. The impf. ἔλεγαν in Jn 9!° N* a@/. may be illustrated | from BGU IT. 595° (A.D. 70-80) ἔγραψέ μοι ἐπιστολὴν ὅτι

εἶπον (eipon) — to say. εἶπον (present ἔπω is used by [Refs 2nd c.BC+]present in use is φημί, λέγω, ἀγορεύω (see. infr. IV), the future ἐρέω, ἐρῶ, the perfect εἴρηκα), Epic dialect and Lyric poetry ἔειπον [Refs 8th c.BC+]; subjunctive εἴπω (Epic dialect εἴπωμι [Refs 8th c.BC+]; optative εἴποιμ; infinitive εἰπεῖν, Epic dialect -έμεναι, -έμεν, [Refs]; participle εἰπών: also aorist 1 εἶπα (ἔειπα [Refs 5th c.BC+] as I said, [Refs 1st c.BC+] mostly in Ionic dialect Prose, also [Refs 4th c.BC+], and the 2nd pers. indicative and imperative of this form are preferred in Attic dialect, 2nd pers. singular indicative εἶπας [Refs 8th c.BC+]; imperative εἶπον (on the accent see[Refs 5th c.BC+], -ατον, -ατ; 3rd.pers. plural εἶπαν [Refs 4th c.BC+]; participle εἴπας [Refs 4th c.BC+], Aeolic dialect εἴπαις [Refs 5th c.BC+]; in compounds middle ἀπείπασθαι (which see), διείπασθαι (which see), but never in good Attic dialect: (reduplicate aorist 2 from ϝεπ- 'say'; ϝείπην only conjecture in [Refs 7th c.BC+]; with ἔ- (ϝ) ειπον cf. Sanskrit avocam, reduplicate aorist of vac- 'say'; compare ἔπος):—speak, say, ὣς εἰπών [Refs 8th c.BC+]; εἰπεῖν ἔν τισιν or μετά τισιν speak among a number, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; τινί τι [Refs 8th c.BC+]; τι [Refs 7th c.BC+] [same places], etc.; τι ἔς or πρός τινα, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; εἰπεῖν περί τινος, ἀμφί τινι, [Refs 8th c.BC+] of them, [Refs]; εἰπεῖν ὅτι or ὡς to say that.., [Refs 8th c.BC+]: but also with infinitive, [Refs 5th c.BC+] b. recite, ἔπη [Refs]

2. in parenthesis, ὡς ἔπος εἰπεῖν so to say, limiting a general statement, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; speaking loosely, opposed to ὄντως, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to ἀκριβεῖ λόγῳ, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ ξύμπαν εἶπαι, εἰπεῖν, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

3. εἴποι τις as one might say, uncertain reading in [Refs 5th c.BC+]

II. with accusative person, address, accost one, [Refs 8th c.BC+]

II.2. name, mention, [Refs]

II.3. call one so and so, πολλοί τέ μιν ἐσθλὸν ἔειπον [Refs 8th c.BC+]

II.4. with double accusative person et of things, tell or proclaim so of one, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; εἰπεῖν τινα ὅτι.. [Refs 8th c.BC+]; εἰ. τεθνεῶτ᾽ Ὀρέστην speak of him as dead, [Refs 4th c.BC+]

II.5. celebrate, of poets, Αἴαντος βίαν [Refs]

III. with dative person et infinitive, order or command one to.., [Refs 8th c.BC+]infinitive, [Refs]: with accusative et infinitive, εἶπον τὰς παῖδας δεῦρ᾽ ἄγειν τινά [Refs 5th c.BC+], frequently in NT, [NT]

IV. propose, move a measure in the assembly, εἰπὼν τὰ βέλτιστα [Refs 4th c.BC+]: frequently as a formal prefix to decrees and laws, Λάχης εἶπε [Refs 5th c.BC+]; compare ἀγορεύω.

V. plead, δίκην [Refs 8th c.BC+]

VI. promise, offer, χρυσὸν εἶφ᾽ ὃς ἂν κτάνῃ [Refs 5th c.BC+]

VII. imperative εἰπέ sometimes used in addressing several persons, [Refs 5th c.BC+] ἔπω,

__A say, call, name, ἤν Πέρσειον ἔπουσιν [Refs 2nd c.BC+]